Individual Awareness Research Articles

Improving health awareness with real-time monitoring through a three-dimensional visualized digital health avatar

IntroductionThe use of modern technologies has become crucial for enhancing people's awareness of health problems. By early health risk detection, there will be better treatment outcomes, the severity of illness will decrease, and costs for treatment will also reduce. Performing routine checkups could help patients feel less anxious about their health in the future. In this study, the innovation of "Digital Health Avatar" enables users to monitor physical changes, raise awareness of medical conditions, and encourage healthy behaviors by visualizing health status as a 3D figure. MethodsHealth data were collected using medical devices like blood test strips, body composition meters, and automatic blood pressure monitors. Advanced algorithms, such as computer vision and natural language processing (NLP), were used to process these collected data and produced a three-dimensional avatar that indicated the user's health status. User satisfaction survey on using the health avatar system was assessed through a survey of 61 participants. ResultsHealth avatar system successfully generate the data and display the measurement results on the health report page of the system. Users can easily check and record their physiological conditions through the avatar. Moreover, users showed satisfaction on the use of the health avatar system and its effectiveness in health check-ups in the survey. ConclusionsThe 'Digital Health Avatar' has the potential to significantly promote individual well-being and health awareness. Its development will be improved by user feedback and continued study, ensuring it becomes an efficient tool for promoting healthier lifestyles.

Sporun Fiziksel Aktivite Boyutunun Psiko-Eğitimle Desteklenmesinin Sonuçlarının İncelenmesi

Today, especially after the pandemic, the importance of physical activity, in which individuals remember its value once again, stands out even more. During this period, it has become indisputable to what extent physical activity provides benefits to the social, emotional, physical and psychological development of individuals. So much so that physical activity applications have also found a place among the contents added to the distance education activities. Dec. However, the problem of overweight and obesity, which is rapidly becoming one of the most important health problems in the world, is also effective in spreading physical activity practices Decently. Considering the benefits of regular physical activity in general, it contributes to healthy growth and development, helps to protect against unwanted habits, prevents socialization and the formation of certain long-term diseases that may be encountered during adulthood, as well as treating and supporting the treatment of disorders that may occur, ensuring that they last an active old age, in other words, it can make important contributions to improving the quality of life throughout life. In this context, psycho-education as a complementary element of physical activity is also defined as empowering education aimed at promoting individual's awareness and entrepreneurship. Psycho-education is not only to inform the individual and his family about the problematic situation or to offer them solutions, but also the process of providing education and training about the factors that cause this situation. In this way, the person understands the situation better and develops a sense of control, so that the problem can gradually decrease. The human body, which was created in order to be able to do physical activity, can encounter various problems every day due to inactivity. Besides the well-known health benefits of physical activity, it should not be overlooked that along with its cognitive effects, it may also contribute to increasing academic achievement in the sense of its positive role on mental processes at different age levels depending on these effects, and ultimately as a result of these processes. At the same time, it is known in past and recent studies that physical activity has a direct or indirect effect on many topics, from the use of individuals experiencing mental or mental problems in treatment processes, to coping with stress, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder treatments, in addition to conditions such as self-confidence, self-esteem, and well-being. Key Words: Special Ability, Special Ability Students, Physical Activity

Individual decision styles as predictors for bias susceptibility and bias blind spots in managerial decisions

Purpose This paper aims to managerial decision styles, following the General Decision-Making Style Inventory, as potential predictors of individual bias awareness and bias blind spots, with a focus on the rational decision style. Design/methodology/approach The research is based on a survey of 50°C-1 level managers within Forbes 2000 companies. It explores their decision styles and their assessments of their own and others’ decision behavior. Findings The results show that the awareness of one’s own susceptibility to biases and bias blind spots is highly dependent on an individual’s (self-declared) decision style and type of cognitive bias; decision-makers with a strong tendency toward a rational or spontaneous decision style see themselves as less vulnerable to cognitive biases but also show a much stronger bias blind spot than those with a tendency toward other decision styles. Meanwhile, decision-makers with a strong tendency toward an intuitive decision style tend to recognize their own vulnerability to cognitive biases and even show a negative blind spot, thus seeing themselves as more affected by cognitive biases than others. Originality/value To date, decision styles have not been used as a lens through which to view susceptibility to cognitive biases and bias blind spots in managerial decision-making. As demonstrated in this article, decision styles can serve as predictors of individual awareness and susceptibility to cognitive biases and bias blind spots for managers.

Monitoring system for physical activity and fitness based on service robots and biomechanics

Exercise is one of the important ways for people to exercise, with characteristics such as sociality and strong participation. Especially with the improvement of the level of economic development and the improvement of the quality of life of the people, more and more people begin to attach importance to the maintenance of their own health. Physical fitness monitoring, as an effective means, is widely used in daily life, especially among the elderly. However, most of the existing monitoring methods are relatively simple, lacking pertinence, and the data collection process is relatively cumbersome and unstable, which cannot meet current needs. Therefore, it is very necessary to explore a new type of equipment that can more comprehensively and accurately monitor various physiological parameters of the human body to replace existing traditional detection technologies. Service Robots are currently the most promising intelligent hardware products. They mainly provide personalized services centered on users, sensing user behavior and implementing intelligent decision-making based on their characteristics, thereby better meeting the needs of different groups of people. This article focused on the research and development of Service Robots, and designed a comprehensive solution for Service Robots based on theories such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data technology, and artificial intelligence. This article compared existing intelligent monitoring systems with fitness monitoring systems based on Service Robots, and proved that the user experience of fitness monitoring with robot participation has improved by about 4.68%. Its application scenarios were richer and its effects were more significant, enabling it to better complete tasks such as analysis and prediction of physical fitness status, real-time warning, etc., reducing the risk of people suffering from diseases, and enhancing individual protection awareness.

Analysis Of Factors That Influence Individual Taxpayer Compliance In Jombang Regency

The purpose of this study is to analyze the various factors that influence individual taxpayer compliance individual taxpayers in Jombang Regency. Understanding of tax regulations, WPOP awareness, suitability of tax rates, use of tax applications, and service quality are some of the factors that this study examined their influence on individual taxpayers compliance in Jombang Regency, which is the subject of this study. All individual taxpayers registered with the Jombang Primary Tax Service Office are the population in this study. The sampling strategy used is a simple random sampling of each taxpayer with a taxpayer identification number (Nomor Pokok Wajib Pajak - NPWP). The test was conducted on 100 respondents obtained from calculating the Slovin formula in determining the research sample. This study uses Partial Least Squares (PLS) as a statistical testing tool. Based on the results of the study, understanding of tax regulations does not influence individual taxpayers compliance; individual taxpayer's awareness influences individual taxpayer's compliance; suitability of tax rates influences individual taxpayer compliance; use of tax applications does not influence individual taxpayers compliance; and service quality influences individual taxpayers compliance.

Alcohol-related cancer risk awareness and support for cancer warning labelling among adults in Estonia

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to describe alcohol-related cancer risk awareness and examine sociodemographic and alcohol-related variance in attitudes towards implementation of cancer warning labelling on alcohol containers in Estonia. Study designNationally representative data from a 2022 cross-sectional survey (n = 2059) among the 15–74-year-old population in Estonia were used. MethodsDescriptive statistics on the prevalence of alcohol-related cancer risk awareness and support for the implementation of cancer risk warning labelling on alcohol containers are presented. Poisson regression analysis was used to investigate whether support for warning labelling varied by sociodemographic variables, individual alcohol consumption and cancer risk awareness indicators. ResultsStudy found that 73.2% of respondents associated alcohol consumption with increased cancer risk for one or more cancer sites, but implementation of alcohol cancer risk labelling was only supported by 54%. Women, younger age groups, non-Estonians and those with lower education level expressed higher support for warning labelling, whereas lower support was found among those with high-risk alcohol consumption. As expected, awareness of alcohol-related cancer risk and perceiving individual alcohol consumption as a cancer hazard were associated with support for warning labelling. ConclusionsThese findings emphasise the need for better communication of alcohol-related cancer risks as public awareness on the link between alcohol consumption and site-specific cancer risk was low. Increased awareness of alcohol as a cancer risk factor would potentially build public support for introducing cancer-risk warning labelling on containers of alcoholic drinks.

Environmental Awareness and Social Sustainability: Insights from an Agent-Based Model with Social Learning and Individual Heterogeneity

Social sustainability requires both technological innovations and societal changes within energy systems, with decentralization playing a critical role. This shift emphasizes the increasing importance of individual user decision-making, posing significant management challenges. An individual’s environmental awareness has a key influence on their energy decisions. However, the relationship between individual environmental awareness and social sustainability, particularly from a systemic perspective, remains underexplored. Our study uses agent-based modeling to examine this relationship within Japan’s electricity market, focusing on social learning and consumer heterogeneity. We find that social learning leads to the formation of consumer clusters with specific electricity preferences, affecting environmental awareness differently across high- and low-carbon groups. This process reveals the nuanced role of social learning in promoting low-carbon technology adoption, which varies according to the market share of low-carbon energy. Additionally, our results suggest that initial heterogeneity in environmental awareness among consumers has a limited and varied effect on sustainable transition pathways. However, the diversity resulting from social learning significantly shapes these trajectories. These insights highlight the complex interplay between individual behaviors, societal dynamics, and technological advancements in steering the sustainable transition, providing valuable considerations for future energy system management.

Scaffolding Team Minds: Using Metacognitive Training to Boost Social Cognition and Theory of Mind for Effective Collaborative Problem-Solving

Effective teamwork requires both individual domain-specific knowledge and social cognitive skills. In this paper, we discuss a theoretical approach that incorporates metacognitive training to enhance social cognition and theory of mind within teams. By using scaffolding techniques to address cognitive biases, we aim to facilitate efficient collaborative problem-solving. Our goal is to develop individual and team metacognitive awareness in social contexts through various interventions implemented during the preparation, execution, and reflection stages of training. We suggest that metacognitive strategies implemented during team training can enhance individuals’ ability to navigate social interactions and understand others’ perspectives. This approach provides a foundation for researchers interested in studying methods to improve collaboration, for teams seeking to enhance interpersonal understanding, and beneficial for those creating interventions to reduce social cognitive biases and improve theory of mind within collaborative problem-solving scenarios.

Research progress in stroke risk perception assessment tool.

One of the main illnesses in the globe that causes impairment and death in people is stroke. In the globe today, it ranks as the second leading cause of death and the leading cause of death in China. This paper analyses into the critical role of risk perception in developing individual awareness of stroke risk and encouraging proactive preventive health behaviors, essential for effective primary stroke prevention strategies and reduced stroke incidence. It discusses the concept of risk perception, the content and dimensions of global stroke assessment tools, and their application status, aiming to provide insights for their development and intervention research. Risk perception encompasses subjective assessments of stroke likelihood and severity, influenced by personal experiences, knowledge of risk factors, beliefs about prevention effectiveness, and emotional responses. Global stroke assessment tools, like the Framingham Stroke Risk Score and CHA2DS2-VASc Score, evaluate stroke risk based on factors such as age, gender, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels. In order to improve risk perception and proactive health management and lower the burden of strokes, the paper assesses the advantages and disadvantages of these tools and makes recommendations for improving accessibility, customizing interventions, running educational campaigns, promoting multidisciplinary collaboration, and integrating technology. By combining the research tools of stroke risk perception, it is found that the evaluation tools are mostly single-dimensional evaluation tools centered on the two dimensions of onset possibility and susceptibility. Some scholars have developed multi-dimensional evaluation tools, but the evaluation population is relatively limited, and the evaluation system lacks comprehensiveness and systematization.

Perubahan Sosial Fenomena Media Sosial Digitalisasi terhadap Minat Belajar Siswa Sekolah di Depok

Advances in information technology have had a significant impact on students in the learning process, especially through the use of social media which is an important part of the current digital era. The younger generation, especially those who are still pursuing formal education, feel very helped by this development. One very beneficial aspect of the digital era is the ability to use search engines to quickly and efficiently obtain the latest information, knowledge and news related to the world of education. The use of internet technology and social media has also penetrated the teaching and learning process in schools. Intensive use of social media influences student development, which can have positive or negative effects, depending on the individual's awareness in using it. It is important for students to use social media wisely, perhaps with parental supervision, as not all content available on social media is useful or accurate. This research is based on a literature study and methodology that involves collecting sources from currently relevant scientific journals. This approach involves analyzing various previous studies regarding the influence of social media phenomena on students' interest in learning. This phenomenon shows that social media can provide a positive boost to students' interest in learning by making access to information easier. However, the influence of social media can also have negative impacts, such as addiction, exposure to pornographic content, and access to information that is not filtered wisely among students.

Unravelling The Nexus: Social Environment and Peer Influence in Drug Abuse in Lawas, Sarawak

The rising issue of drug abuse in Sarawak, demands urgent attention as the problem shows no signs of abating. The primary goal of this research is to investigate the most influential factor that contributes to the rise in drug abuse in Lawas and how it affects the selected individual social awareness. By delving into this dynamic, the study aims to enhance the comprehension of the issue and, consequently, develop more effective strategies to mitigate its consequences. The research employed qualitative methodology, with in-depth interviews as the primary data collection method. Six participants participated in the in-depth interviews and each referred to using pseudonyms. Participants 1 and 2 are presently enrolled in rehabilitation programs facilitated by the National Anti-Drug Agency (NADA/AADK) division in Limbang. Participants 3, 4, and 5 were selected from the families, relatives, and friends of former addicts. Participant 6 plays a pivotal role as an officer responsible for drug enforcement in Lawas. The study employed social learning theory to gain a comprehensive perspective on the subject matter. The data analysis revealed that the social environment functions as the macro factor, while susceptibility to peer influence serves as the micro factor in drug abuse cases in Lawas and there is a relationship between the factor and the selected individual social awareness. The findings from this research hold immense relevance for a wide spectrum of stakeholders, with a particular emphasis on community and societal development, in addressing the multifaceted challenges posed by drug abuse issues in Lawas, Sarawak.

What Women with HIV Know about Heart Health and Cardiovascular Risk and Intervention Preferences.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a significant health concern influenced by various determinants. Stigma and resilience have emerged as factors in CVD development and management. Women with HIV (WWH) have higher CVD rates than women without HIV. To improve cardiovascular health for WWH, a comprehensive understanding of how these factors interact, the understanding about individual awareness and willingness to engage in risk-reduction interventions are needed. Methods: As part of a study examining CVD risk among WWH aged >35 years old, 90-min focus groups were conducted (May 2022) in the English language. Focus groups aimed to elicit participants' CVD risk knowledge and potential prevention strategies. Transcripts underwent a qualitative analysis. Results: Nineteen WWH participated in three focus groups. Participants experienced the following: (a) enacted stigma related to their HIV diagnosis (e.g., family, church member, healthcare staff); (b) a recent event (e.g., hospitalization of self/family, death in family, chest pain) triggered both heart health-promoting lifestyle changes and suboptimal health behaviors (e.g., COVID-19 pandemic: unhealthy snacking). Participants wanted to obtain more knowledge ("on a mission") about CVD risk. In total, 100% expressed willingness to take medication or embark on other lifestyle changes to prevent future CVD events. Although participants identified preventative heart health behaviors (e.g., eating healthy foods; exercising; limiting stress, substances, and smoking), misconceptions were also identified (e.g., "catching" heart disease). Conclusions: Understanding the interplay of the different factors related to heart health is needed both at the provider and the patient level to inform interventions that reduce CVD risk amongst racial/ethnic minoritized women with HIV, living in the Southern region of the US.

Integrating point-of-care diabetes detection with lifestyle counselling in community settings: outcomes from Western Sydney, Australia

IntroductionEarly detection and prevention of type 2 diabetes and its complications are global health priorities. Optimal outcomes depend on individual awareness and proactive self-management of health risks. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a community-based diabetes detection and intervention program in a high-risk area in western Sydney, Australia.Research design and methodsWe collaborated with the Workers Lifestyle Group, Tamil Association Arts and Culture Association, and the National Aboriginal and Islanders Day Observance Committee to implement our program. Participants underwent HbA1C testing via point-of-care blood spot testing. They received personalized feedback, education on diabetes management, and were offered opportunities to enrol in lifestyle modification programs. Participants identified with pre-diabetes (HbA1C 5.7–6.4%) or diabetes (HbA1C > 6.4%) were advised to consult their General Practitioners (GPs). A follow-up questionnaire was distributed 3–8 months post-intervention to evaluate the programs usefulness and relevance and lifestyle changes implemented by the participants.ResultsOver eight months, 510 individuals participated. Of these, 19% had an HbA1C > 6.4%, and 38% had levels between 5.7 and 6.4%. Among those with diabetes, HbA1C levels ranged as follows: 56% <7%; 20% 7-7.9%; 18% 8-8.9%; and 5% >9%. Post intervention survey indicated that the program was well-received, with 62.5% of responses reporting lifestyle changes and 36.3% seeking further advice from their local healthcare providers.ConclusionThe study demonstrates a significant prevalence of pre-diabetes and diabetes in the community, similar to findings from larger-scale hospital and general practice studies. Point-of-care testing combined with personalized education effectively motivated participants toward healthier lifestyle choices and medical consultations. The paper discusses the scalability of this approach for broader population.

Empowering Higher Education Students: Enhancing Self-Regulated Learning through LMS Implementation

The purpose of this study is to prove and examine how to improve students' SRL skills through the implementation of LMS. The Learning Management System (LMS) is one of the most popular e-learning platforms. The effect of using LMS in education is to strengthen students' self-regulated learning (SRL). SRL is an individual's awareness to actively participate in organizing, controlling, and managing their own learning process. There are three aspects, might enhance students' SRL in terms of SRL aspects such as metacognition, motivation, and behavior. The research method used is descriptive-qualitative research on SPADA LMS. 80 students who utilized the LMS for learning were observed and interviewed by the researcher. The motivation aspect is proven by the grades; indirectly, this will motivate students to study well and get the appropriate grades. LMS also provides learning progress monitoring, allowing students to monitor their learning progress. The behavior aspect of SRL is implemented in the LMS with a deadline feature that forces students to work on assignments according to a predetermined time. This will force students to practice discipline and manage their time well. The metacognition aspect has been applied in LMS through assignment, discussion, and quiz features that force students to be responsible when performing activities given by lecturers. The results concluded that LMS has a positive contribution to enhancing students' SRL. By using LMS, students can manage their own study time and study strategy. This research indicates that if we want to achieve SRL, all aspects of SRL must be well fulfilled. This study has implications for all academics, learners, and institutions that have adopted LMS, particularly the institutions under study. The limitations of this study only focus on the role of LMS and factors that influence students’s SRL, especially at the higher education level in related universities.

I KNOW THEREFORE I ACT: SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AWARENESS AS A PREDICTOR OF MINDFUL CONSUMPTION

The impact of non-sustainable lifestyle has increasedly being noticed and more attention are nowadays drawn toward the notion of establishing a more responsible consumption behaviour, mindful consumption is a form of that behaviour. The involvement of individuals, especially the younger generation, is much needed to meet the sustainable development goals of a nation, since it is not the responsibility of the government alone. People should have the notion that their independent participations in the areas of economic, societal and environmental activities will benefit the whole nation. Therefore, the aim of this study is to verify that individual awareness of their contribution to sustainable development will predict mindful consumption. A survey was conducted on 153 young adult participants who are university students, aged between 18 to 25 living in Jabodetabek area. The results show that sustainable development awareness in general significantly predicted mindful consumption, as individuals’ awareness of their role in sustainable development increase, so does their mindful consumption. Further analysis find that the economic dimension of sustainable development awareness is the strongest predictors of mindful consumption, followed with the society dimension. However, the environment dimension of sustainable development awareness does not seem to contribute as a significant predictor of mindful consumption. This study gives rise to an implication that sustainable development awareness should be included in the education of the public in general, specifically for young people, in the hope that it will encourage more mindful consumption pattern of the people to support sustainable development of a country.

The coupled awareness-epidemic dynamics with individualized self-initiated awareness in multiplex networks

The outbreak of an epidemic often stimulates the generation of public awareness about epidemic prevention. This heightened awareness encourages individuals to take proactive protective measures, thereby curbing the transmission of the epidemic. Previous research commonly adopts an assumption that each individual has the same probability of awakening self-protection awareness after infection. However, in the real-world process, different individuals may generate varying awareness responses due to the differences in the amount of information received. Therefore, in this study, we first propose a coupled awareness-epidemic spreading model, where the self-initiated awareness of each individual can be influenced by the number of aware neighbors. Subsequently, we develop a Micro Markov Chain Approach to analyze the proposed model and explore the effects of different dynamic and structural parameters on the coupled dynamics. Findings indicate that individual awareness awakening can effectively promote awareness diffusion within the proposed coupled dynamics and inhibit epidemic transmission. Moreover, the influence of awareness diffusion on epidemic transmission exhibits a metacritical point, from which the epidemic threshold increases with the increase in the awareness diffusion probability. The research findings also suggest that the increase in the average degree of virtual-contact networks can reduce the value of the metacritical point, while the change in the average degree of the physical-contact networks does not affect the metacritical point. Finally, we conduct extensive experiments on four real networks and obtain results consistent with the above conclusions. The systematic research findings of this study provide new insights for exploring the interaction between individual awareness and epidemic transmission in the real world.

Paths from simple game-targeted pro-environmental behaviors to more diverse pro-environmental behaviors: Empirical evidence from the Ant Forest app

Game interventions have drawn much attention for their playful features and “painless” promotion of simple game-targeted pro-environmental behaviors (GPEBs), which could spill over to more “costly” prosocial behaviors for pro-environmental causes (PSBPs). The literature places much emphasis on game-targeted mechanisms (e.g., enjoyment and competition) to explain the impacts of game interventions, but pays little attention to non-game-targeted mechanisms to explore their spillover effect. Using online survey data from 1246 Chinese residents, this paper first compares players’ and nonplayers’ levels of engagement with GPEBs and with two common PSBPs, finding a positive spillover effect from game-targeted simple behaviors to more diverse PSBPs. Based upon goal theory, self-perception theory, and learning theory, the paper then examines the underlying mediating mechanisms of the positive relationship between GPEBs and PSBPs for subsamples of players and nonplayers respectively. The results demonstrate that individual awareness of problem and self-efficacy could be enhanced through engaging in simple GPEBs, which could spill over to more challenging and “costly” PSBPs, including charitable giving and volunteering for pro-environmental causes. The study provides important insights on helping to encourage specific types of more challenging PSBPs not directly targeted by the game.

May Measurement Month 2021: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Pakistan.

A worldwide screening initiative called May Measurement Month is held every year with the goal of raising both public and individual awareness of checking blood pressure (BP) and its control. A total of 11 366 volunteer adults (≥18 years) were screened in Pakistan. The mean age of the study population was 47.1 ± 13.2 years and 83.8% were male. Of the 6615 (58.2%) participants with hypertension, 69.1% were aware and 4233(64.0%) were on antihypertensive medication. Of all participants on antihypertensive medication, 41.9% had controlled BP (140/90 mmHg). Of participants with hypertension, only 26.8% had controlled BP. Of the 7133 participants not on antihypertensive medication, 2382 (33.4%) were found to be hypertensive. In Pakistan, the proportion of hypertension and uncontrolled BP remains high, suggesting a widespread lack of adopting healthy lifestyle choices, sufficient healthcare facilities, awareness of checking their BP, and also inadequate management of hypertension.

Metamotivational beliefs about extrinsic incentives

Metamotivation refers to the individual's awareness of their own motivational processes and their beliefs about how best to manage and regulate their motivation. One area of investigation in metamotivational research is the discrepancy between these beliefs and evidence-based findings. The present study examined beliefs about the role of extrinsic incentives in students' intrinsic motivation. Language teachers (n = 130) and students (n = 252) read a description of a previous experiment that showed an undermining effect of extrinsic rewards on intrinsic motivation, and were asked to predict the outcome of that experiment. The results showed that teachers and students alike believed that extrinsic rewards would enhance, rather than undermine, intrinsic motivation. These beliefs might explain the prevalence of extrinsic incentives in educational contexts and suggest the need for targeted interventions to raise awareness of the detrimental effects of overreliance on extrinsic incentives.

ANALISIS KESADARAN MASYARAKAT MENGENAI PENTINGNYA MENJAGA KEBERSIHAN LINGKUNGAN DI SEKITAR JALAN JENDERAL SUDIRMAN PENGGUNG

The purpose of this study is to analyze public awareness of the importance of maintaining the cleanliness of the environment around Jalan Jenderal Sudirman which is one of the strategic and active areas of the city of Cirebon. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach which includes field observations, in-depth interviews with communities working or operating around Jalan Jenderal Sudirman, and documentation. Observations showed a lot of garbage on the side of the road, even though the trash can had been laid out. Meanwhile, from the results of interviews, it is known that most people are aware of the importance of maintaining the cleanliness of the environment, but there are still many who do not care and do not want to throw garbage in its place. Factors contributing to low public awareness include lack of education and socialization, lack of supervision and law enforcement, and low individual awareness and sense of responsibility. Some suggestions that can be given to increase public awareness include improving education and socialization, increasing supervision and enforcement of regulations, and developing programs that involve the community in maintaining environmental cleanliness.