Determination of adipose tissue proportion, as well as its spatial distribution, is a major part of metabolic syndrome assessment. Various methods, commonly used in mouse models, are either indirect measurement, invasive (destructive) or imaging techniques. Indirect measurement techniques, such as deuterium dilution (considered as gold standard) or bioimpedance are based on the measurement of body composition. They give access to the measure of total body fat, without distinction between visceral and subcutaneous fat volumes. Sacrifice and ex-vivo tissue weight allow both total fat measurement and partition between subcutaneous and visceral fat pad. It is a direct method that does not allow for longitudinal studies. Non-invasive micro-imaging modalities (magnetic resonance imaging and μCT) add, over others, the advantage of spatial localization of fat, in vivo. Of our study was to compare results of measurements of total body fat done by μCT and bioimpedance in mice. μCT was done using a dedicated in vivo imaging instrument (eXplore Vision 120, GE, USA) on 30 anesthetized mice. Each acquisition lasted approximately 12 min. Just after μCT, measurement of body composition was performed by bioimpedance (ImpediVET, ImpediMed, USA). The average value of total body fat by μCT is 5% higher than that obtained by bioimpedance. The standard deviation calculated from μCT measurements is lower than that obtained with bioimpedance (4.8% vs 6.8% respectively). The linear correlation of μCT and bioimpedance measure of total adipose tissue is moderate (r 2 = 0.55). It is the first time, to our knowledge, that a comparison of total fat volume measurement between μCT and bioimpedance is performed in mice. Surprisingly, the correlation appears not to be so trivial between the 2 methods. Before a deeper exploration, comparison of results obtained with these 2 methods should be made with caution.