Indirect Influence Research Articles

The Effect of Intellectual Capital on Stock Return Through Financial Performance

In the era of globalization and increasingly fierce competition, companies are required to increase their competitiveness by optimally utilizing the assets they own, one of the assets that is increasingly important for companies is intellectual capital. The purpose of this study is to examine whether intellectual capital affects stock returns through financial performance, which has the aim of knowing the influence of intellectual capital on financial performance, the influence of intellectual capital on stock returns, the effect of stock returns on financial performance, and whether or not financial performance mediates the relationship between intellectual capital and stock returns. A multiple linear regression analysis model with path analysis is an analysis method used in this study that aims to test whether there is a direct or indirect influence between independent, dependent, and intervening variables. Data testing tool using SPPS24 software. The population object in this study is companies listed on the IDX Indexes LQ45 for the 2018-2022 period; with the purposive sampling method, the samples collected are 33 companies with a total of 45 companies' observation data. The results showed that intellectual capital affects financial performance. These results show that the effect of financial performance on stock returns is statistically significant. The indirect influence of the statistical analysis results is greater than the direct influence of intellectual capital on stock returns. Thus, financial performance mediates the influence of intellectual capital on stock returns. This result explains that the company must utilize and maintain intellectual capital, and sound financial performance affects the stock returns received by investors, which later show good company value. Companies must utilize and maintain their intellectual capital because good financial performance, which results from the utilization of intellectual capital, will increase stock returns and reflect good company value in the eyes of investors.

The Impact of Regional Original Income, Balancing Funds, and Fiscal Stress on Capital Expenditures and Regional Government Financial Performance

Over the last few years, the financial performance of district/city governments in Jambi province has decreased. This condition can be seen from the regional financial independence which is still very low. Therefore, this research aims to analyze more deeply the influence of local revenue, balancing funds, and fiscal stress on regional government financial performance, both direct and indirect influences through capital expenditure. This research is quantitative descriptive. The research was conducted in all districts/cities in Jambi province and used secondary data. Data was obtained through the BPK-RI Jambi Province Representative page in the form of audited regional government financial reports with an observation period from 2017-2022. The data analysis method uses the path analysis method. The study's findings demonstrate that original revenue that is largely generated locally and balancing funds have a major and favorable impact on capital spending. Capital spending is not significantly impacted by fiscal stress. The financial performance of local governments is not significantly impacted by local revenue or fiscal strain. The financial performance of local governments is significantly and negatively impacted by partly balancing funds. The financial performance of local governments is positively and significantly impacted by capital expenditures. Additionally, it was shown that capital spending might moderate the impact of balancing budgets on the financial performance of local governments. But, capital spending does not mitigate the impact of local revenue and fiscal strain on the financial performance of local governments. This research has implications for formulating policies to increase local original income, determining the allocation of capital expenditure and improving the financial performance of regional governments in districts/cities in Jambi province.

Processing of visual hapaxes in picture naming task: An event-related potential study

Object recognition and visual categorization are typically swift and seemingly effortless tasks that involve numerous underlying processes. In our investigation, we utilized a picture naming task to explore the processing of rarely encountered objects (visual hapaxes) in comparison to common objects. Our aim was to determine the stage at which these rare objects are classified as unnamable. Contrary to our expectations and in contrast to some prior research on event-related potentials (ERPs) with novel and atypical objects, no differences between conditions were observed in the late time windows corresponding to the P300 or N400 components. However, distinctive patterns between hapaxes and common objects surfaced in three early time windows, corresponding to the posterior N1 and P2 waves, as well as a widespread N2 wave. According to the ERP data, the differentiation between hapaxes and common objects occurs within the first 380 ms of the processing line, involving only limited and indirect top-down influence.

Retweeting behavior prediction based on dynamic Bayesian network classifier in microblogging networks

Nowadays, predicting user retweeting behavior in microblogging networks has gained considerable attention. Solving this problem allows for understanding the underlying mechanism of information diffusion and analyzing diffusion's evolution concerning a particular original microblog over time. Time-series data from microblogging networks are ubiquitous, and user retweeting behavior prediction is primarily considered a classification task. Consequently, there is a significant demand for accurate classification of time-series data. Several influential factors affect user retweeting behavior prediction in microblogging networks. However, much of the existing research focuses on studies that neglect the impact of users' indirect social influence strength. This neglect leads to inaccurate forecasts of indirect retweeting behavior for a particular original microblog. To address this, this paper presents a new time-sensitive measure of social influence strength based on a combination of users' temporal behavior patterns and the shortest cascade path length. Second, it proposes a prediction model based on Dynamic Bayesian Network derivative classifiers called V-DBNC to accurately predict user retweeting behavior over time. The proposed time-sensitive social influence strength factor and other factors, such as individual behavior and similarity-based driving factors, are applied to the V-DBNC model to achieve accurate user retweeting behavior prediction in the microblogging network. The joint density of factors in this classifier is estimated using a multivariate Gaussian kernel function with smoothing parameters. The V-DBNC model is empirically optimized by splitting the smoothing parameters into different-scale intervals and using the model averaging method to select the optimal classifier. Additionally, the proposed model's relatively simple structure helps overcome the overfitting problem and allows it to accumulate classification information through iterative evolution, promoting generalization. The real Twitter microblogging dataset is used to evaluate the performance of V-DBNC. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed model outperforms other compared approaches when dealing with the classification of time-series data.

Comparative Analysis of the Quality of Working Life in Ukraine and in EU Countries

The quality of working life is an influential factor in determining the direction of labor movement between countries and between corporations within a country. Countries that offer the best living conditions, financial state support, social integration programs, decent working conditions and wages have become the center of attraction for Ukrainian refugees after the beginning of Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of the quality of working life in Ukraine and the European Union to assess the possibilities of returning refugees to Ukraine and attracting new labor from European countries during its recovery and implementation of steps towards sustainable development. A comparative analysis of key characteristics of the quality of working life shows that Ukraine is significantly inferior to EU countries. Macroeconomic conditions, employment rate and share of informal employment, income and wages, length of working week and annual guaranteed leave are key groups of indicators that require attention and direct or indirect influence to adjust them to the EU average. The article identifies the priority tasks for bridging the gap between the quality of working life in Ukraine and European countries, in particular by eliminating structural imbalances in the labor market.

Improving waste collectors' environmental responsibilities in Indonesia: A policy framework

The responsibility of the garbage collector officer towards the environment largely determines the reliability of the waste management system. The study develops a policy framework for a waste management system using an SEM approach to the environmental responsibility of a garbage collector officer. From a case study in Indonesia, a survey of 246 formal waste collectors in Denpasar’s waste management system assessed their opinion of the internal service quality. The analysis determines the impact of internal service quality elements on job satisfaction and environmental responsibility. Model-fit statistics confirm the validity and reliability of the model and indicate that tangibility, reliability, assurance, and empathy positively affect job satisfaction. Meanwhile, management responsiveness does not have a statistically significant effect. The study suggests that waste management should acknowledge the indirect influence of internal service quality on the environmental responsibility of waste collectors through job satisfaction factors.

Analysis Of Factors Affecting Job Participation and Income Of Female Migrant Workers In Denpasar City

Migration is one of the three components of population growth besides births and deaths. The large number of migrants in Bali Province, especially Denpasar City, indicates that the decision to migrate is quite high. Looking at the composition of the female migrant population, which dominates, this shows that the number of women migrating to Denpasar City is higher than the male population. This research aims to analyze the direct and indirect influence of education level, number of dependents and husband's employment status on the amount of working hours and income of female migrant workers. The number of samples used in this research was 100 samples. The analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis techniques and path analysis. The results of this study show that the level of education and number of family dependents have a positive effect on the amount of working hours, work experience does not have a negative effect on the amount of working hours, female migrant workers with the employment status of working husbands devote fewer working hours compared to respondents whose husbands do not work. , level of education, work experience and number of family dependents have a positive effect on income, female migrant workers with employment status and working husbands earn lower income than respondents whose husbands do not work, the number of hours worked has a positive effect on income, the number of hours worked mediates the effect education level, work experience, number of family dependents and husband's employment status on the income of female migrant workers.

Disparities in pathways to reduction mammaplasty: A single institution review of 425 women with macromastia

BackgroundReduction mammaplasty improves the quality of life by providing functional and aesthetic benefits to women with macromastia. This study contributes to the existing literature on socioeconomic and clinical barriers to referral for plastic surgery procedures by focusing specifically on reduction mammaplasty. MethodsPatients with macromastia were identified via a chart review in a single institution from 2021–2022. The treatment pathway for each patient was characterized by reception of referral, completion of plastic surgery consultation, and eventual reception of surgery. After controlling for clinical covariates, multivariate logistic regression was applied to quantify the independent impact of race, insurance, and language status on the completion of surgery (p < 0.05). ResultsThe final patient cohort included 425 women with macromastia. Among the 151 patients who were first seen by a primary care physician, 64 (42%) completed an initial plastic surgery consultation. Among all patients, 160 (38%) eventually underwent reduction mammaplasty. Multivariate regression predictions indicated a lower likelihood of completing breast reduction surgery in patients with current smoking history (OR: 0.08, 95% CI: 0.01–0.59) and higher body mass index (BMI) (OR: 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90–0.97) (p < 0.05). Minority race and ethnicity, private insurance status, and primary language status were not significant predictors of this outcome (p > 0.05). ConclusionsIn this study, the socioeconomic variables were not independent predictors of breast reduction surgery completion. However, the association of minority race and ethnicity and nonprivate insurance status with the most common reasons for breast reduction deferral suggest an indirect influence of socioeconomic status on the treatment pathway.

The Influence of Doctor-Patient Communication on Patients' Trust: The Role of Patient-Physician Consistency and Perceived Threat of Disease.

To investigate the influence mechanism of doctor-patient communication on patients' trust, especially the mediating role of patient-physician consistency and the moderating role of perceived threat of disease. A total of 699 patients in Guangzhou, China was investigated by questionnaire. The main effect, mediating effect, and moderating effect of the model was verified by SPSS23.0 and LISREL8.71 statistical software. It was revealed that doctor-patient communication has a significant positive effect on patients' trust. The consistency between patient and physician partially mediates the relationship between doctor-patient communication and patients' trust. Additionally, the perceived threat of the disease moderates the psychological process through which doctor-patient communication affects patients' trust. Both doctor-patient communication and patient-physician consistency have predictive effects on patients' trust. Doctor-patient communication is not only a direct influence on patient trust but also an indirect influence mediated by patient-physician consistency. Perceived threat of disease moderates the psychological process through which doctor-patient communication affects patients' trust. Specifically, compared to a high level of perceived threat of disease, a low level of perceived threat of disease can enhance the effect of doctor-patient communication on patients' trust. The results of this study underscore the importance of doctor-patient communication and the value of patient-physician consistency for building patients' trust. To foster a harmonious doctor-patient relationship, medical colleges should place great emphasis on cultivating medical students' communication skills. Hospitals should enhance on-the-job training and provide institutional support for doctors, encourage agreements between doctors and patients regarding disease diagnosis and decision-making, and be attentive to patients' perceived threat of disease, particularly for those with high level of perceived threat of disease.

Parental Involvement Status in the Education of Children with Disabilities: The Case of Tabor Primary School, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia

Using Epstein’s theoretical framework, this study examined parental involvement status in the education of children with disabilities at Tabor Primary School in Debre Tabor Town, Ethiopia. A qualitative case study design was utilized, involving six participants. Through purposive sampling, six participants were chosen from the school for in-depth interviews. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data from interviews focusing on six dimensions of parental involvement: parenting, communication, learning at home, volunteering, decision-making, and collaborative partnership. Results indicated that parents of children with disabilities are relatively more engaged in parenting activities to support children's education. However, their communication with teachers and school principals was limited. While some parents provided learning support at home, many were unable to do so. Moreover, parents had little direct participation in the decisions that were made about their children's education, even if they may have had some indirect influence through their involvement in parent-student-teacher associations. Lastly, parents were not actively involved in volunteering and collaborating activities to help children's education. Generally, the research revealed that parents of children with disabilities had limited involvement in their child's education. This limited involvement may hinder the education and development of children with disabilities. Therefore, government bodies and others need to provide training to help parents actively play and discharge their diverse roles in the education of their children.

Increasing Teacher Innovativeness Through Strengthening Creativity, Organizational Support, Emotional Intelligence, And Information and Communication Technology (Ict) Literacy in Private Vocational School Gty Teachers in Bogor District

This research aims to produce strategies and ways to increase teacher innovativeness by strengthening the variables of creativity, organizational support, emotional intelligence, and information and communication technology (ICT) literacy as intervening variables. The research sample was 218 samples taken using stratified proportional random sampling of private vocational school GTY teachers in Bogor Regency. This research uses a survey method with a path analysis approach and SITOREM analysis. The results of this research can be concluded: 1). there is a direct influence of creativity on teacher innovativeness, 2). there is a direct influence of Organizational Support on Teacher Innovativeness, 3). there is a direct influence of Emotional Intelligence on Teacher Innovativeness, 4). there is a direct influence of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Literacy on Teacher Innovation, 5). there is a direct influence of Creativity on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Literacy, 6). there is a direct influence of Organizational Support on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Literacy, 7). there is a direct influence of Emotional Intelligence on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Literacy, 8). there is an indirect influence of Creativity on Teacher Innovation through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Literacy, 9). the indirect influence of Organizational Support on Teacher Innovation through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Literacy, and 10) the indirect influence of Emotional Intelligence on Teacher Innovativeness through Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Literacy. The results of the SITOREM analysis show that based on the priority order of improving teacher innovation, it is necessary to strengthen creativity, organizational support, and emotional intelligence. Creativity is to be strengthened, so it is done by enhancing indicators that are still weak, namely: smart (acting cleverly in looking for opportunities), habit ( behavioral habits in solving problems), originality (originality in developing something new or different), as well as maintaining or developing indicators: openness (open behavior in accepting new ideas and thoughts), interest (behavior interested in complex things), and persistent (acting persistently in trying), organizational support is to be strengthened, then this is done by improving indicators that are still weak, namely: providing justice and leadership support, as well as maintaining or developing indicators: respect from the organization and working conditions, emotional intelligence is to be strengthened, then this is done by improving indicators that are still weak, namely: emotional expression, optimism, empathy, as well as maintaining or developing indicators: adaptability, impulsive behavior, and relationships, information and communication technology (tik) literacy wants to be strengthened, so it is carried out by improving indicators that still weak, namely: user ability, knowledge of data communications, understanding of operational systems, as well as maintaining or developing indicators: understanding of computer application programs, understanding of computers, ability to operate computers, effectiveness and sustainability of use, and efficiency and capacity of use .

THE INFLUENCE OF BIG DATA ANALYSIS ON THE TIMING OF FINANCIAL REPORTS ITS EFFECTS ON INVESTOR DECISIONS

The digital revolution has led to the proliferation of big data, which poses distinct obstacles to data analysis due to its large quantity, diverse nature, and high speed. These challenges are a direct consequence of the digital revolution. Hence, our article examines the notable impact of big data technology on investors' decision-making. This is seen in the choices made by investors to divest from their investments or reallocate their funds to other assets in response to perceived dangers in the Iraq market and by considering the indirect influence of the timing of financial reporting on gathering the necessary data. A survey was created based on the topics discussed in the studies. Our analysis focuses on the period from January to March 2024. A total of 157 respondents participated in this research, comprising academics from universities, financial experts, and investors in companies listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange. This study used the statistical program SPSS and the course analysis method. The study discovered a statistically significant impact of big data, including its attributes, such as quantity, diversity, and speed, on the timing of financial reporting. The effect of big data on investors' decision-making is statistically significant. The time of issuing information has a significant impact on investors' judgments. Furthermore, investing decisions in Iraqi companies listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange are marginally impacted by the preparation of financial reports inside the big data framework.

The Influence of Job Mindfulness on Emotional Exhaustion Through Psychological Distress and Workplace Bullying as Mediation Variables

This research aims to clearly prove the effect of job mindfulness on emotional exhaustion through psychological distress and workplace bullying as mediating variables in employees of Bank Nagari Main Branch, Padang. In the research, 141 people were selected using the census method. Data collection is carried out by distributing questionnaires directly to employees who fulfill the specified selection procedures. The data analysis method used is path analysis which is processed using Partial Least Square (PLS). Job mindfulness and psychological distress have no effect on the emotional exhaustion felt by employees of Bank Nagari Padang Main Branch, while workplace bullying has a positive effect on the emotional exhaustion felt by employees of Bank Nagari Main Branch Padang. In the hypothesis testing stage, it was also found that Job Mindfulness had a negative effect on the psychological distress felt by Bank Nagari Main Branch employees. Apart from that, Job Mindfulness has a negative effect on workplace bullying felt by employees in the Bank Nagari Padang Main Branch environment. In the indirect influence testing stage, it was found that psychological distress did not mediate the relationship between job mindfulness and emotional exhaustion felt by employees of Bank Nagari Main Branch, Padang, whereas in the second indirect influence test, it was found that Workplace bullying was able to mediate the relationship between job mindfulness and emotional exhaustion in Bank Nagari Branch employees at Padang main branch.

ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF FUNCTIONING OF COMMERCIAL PORTS OF UKRAINE

Thearticle presents the results of the study of the functioning of the ports of Ukraine through the prism of the impact of the war. A generalized analysis of the operation of Ukraine's ports from the first wave of blockade by the Russian Federation in 2022 to the current state is presented, including the actual throughput capacity of functioning ports and the nomenclature of cargo handling by Danube ports in 2023. In addition, the dynamics and structure of the supply of agricultural products by the main modes of transport are provided, where the importance of the ports of Ukraine as the main way of exporting agricultural products to ensure their arrival on international markets is highlighted; shows changes in grain and wheat prices between January 2021 and August 2023 based on International Grains Council indices. The role of the ports of the Danube region and the grain agreement for the export of cargo flows of agricultural andother products to African and Asian markets is singled out. The question of the potential for further development, development, modernization and renewal of the infrastructure of the ports of Izmail, Reni, and Ust-Dunaysk was revealed. The restoration of ship calls to the ports of Greater Odessa thanks to the formation of Ukraine's own humanitarian corridor was emphasized. The consequences of Russia's large-scale war against Ukraine in the field of port activity are grouped due to the consequences of direct and indirect influence. The risks of shipping among the countries of the Azov-Black Sea basin from the standpoint of security are summarized. It is concluded that the consequences of the protracted war scenario in Ukraine will have a negative impact not only on the port industry, but will also become a catalyst for an economic crisis in the developed economies of the world.

LEARNING OUTCOMES: SOCIAL SUPPORT, SELF-CONFIDENCE, AND ECONOMIC LEARNING MOTIVATION

This research aims to find out the indirect influence of Self-Confidence on Learning Outcomes through the economics learning motivation of Class XI Students at SMK Negeri 2 Jambi City. This type of research is causal associative using a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at SMK Negeri 2 Jambi City. The method used is a survey method through distributing questionnaires from a population and sample of 124 people, using a saturated sampling technique or census. Data processing uses SPSS Amos (Statistical Product and Service Solution) version 17.1 for Windows 8. The results of this research show that: 1) There is a significant positive influence between social support on learning outcomes of 0.455, t count &gt; t table, namely 5,640 &gt; 1.67. 2) There is a positive and significant influence between self-confidence on learning outcomes of 0.402, t count &gt; t table, namely 4,849 &gt; 1.675. 3) There is a positive and significant influence between motivation on learning outcomes of 0.419, t count &gt; t table, namely 1.675 &gt; 0.05. 4) There is a positive and significant influence between social support and motivation of 0.272, t count &gt; t table, namely 3,119 &gt; 1,655. 5) There is a positive and significant influence between the work environment on work motivation of 0.844, t count &gt; t table, namely 10.177 &gt; 2.015. 6) There is a positive and significant indirect effect between support for economic learning outcomes through motivation of 0.559, F hit &gt; F table or 518.919 &gt; 2.698. 7) There is a positive and significant indirect influence between self-confidence on learning outcomes through motivation of 0.504, F hit &gt; F table or 18.919 &gt; 2.68. This research concludes that there is a positive and significant influence between social support, self-confidence, and motivation for the economic learning outcomes of class XI students at SMK Negeri 2 Jambi City. Without ignoring other factors that can also influence Economics learning outcomes. In an effort to improve economic learning outcomes, students should increase their sense of ownership and awareness of responsibility and comply with applicable policies for the common good

Internalisation of Religious Moderation Values through Hidden Curriculum at Pondok Pesantren Modern Al-Fahd Jakabaring Palembang

Internalizing religious moderation values through the hidden curriculum in Islamic boarding schools refers to an indirect process in which religious moderation values are not explicitly taught to students through norms, habits, and culture observed and lived in the pesantren environment. In the context of Islamic boarding schools, hidden curriculum refers to the non-academic aspects of the learning experience, which are not explicitly taught through the official curriculum but are absorbed through daily experiences and social interactions. The internalization of religious moderation values through the hidden curriculum in pesantren shows how values such as tolerance, peace, inter-religious cooperation, and a moderate attitude in approaching differences in religious beliefs are reflected in the daily life of pesantren. The link between the hidden curriculum and the internalization of religious moderation values lies in the indirect influence exerted by norms, values, and culture that influence the educational environment. The hidden curriculum includes all aspects of teaching and learning that are not explicitly listed in the formal curriculum but still significantly impact the formation of student character, attitudes, and values. In religious moderation, this refers to internalizing values that create a moderate, tolerant, and open attitude toward religious differences.

The Role of Personality in Lecturer Engagement and the Effectiveness of Job Satisfaction as an Intervening

This research to identify methods to enhance lecturer engagement by focusing on job satisfaction and personality factors. The research sample consists of 166 lecturers from private universities in Bekasi. Path analysis and sobel test were employed in the methodology. The finding concludes that: 1) Enhancing personality can boost the engagement of permanent lecturers at private universities. 2) There is an indirect influence of personality on lecturer engagement through job satisfaction, the job satisfaction variable is able to mediate effectively between personality variables and lecturer engagement. It is recommended to strengthen the indicators of these variables to enhance personality through job satisfaction.

The Influence of Quality of Work Life, Mental Workload, and Self-Efficacy on Job Performance Mediated by Job Satisfaction in Nurses at Panglima Besar Soedirman Hospital

Nurses have a very important role in patient care in hospitals, namely integrated and quality nursing care for each patient. One of the most important things in Human Resources management is the performance of nurses. This study aims to analyze the direct influence of quality of work life, mental workload and self-efficacy on nurse performance, as well as the indirect influence of quality of work life, mental workload on nurse performance which is mediated by nurse job satisfaction at the Panglima Besar Soedirman National Defense Central Hospital, Jakarta. This research design is quantitative. Data collection used a non-probability sampling technique with a purposive sampling method. The sample used was 160 active nurses. This research data was collected using a questionnaire via Googleform. The data obtained was processed using the PLS-SEM multivariate analysis method with SmartPLS software. The results showed that quality of work life, mental workload and self-efficacy had a positive effect on nurses' job satisfaction. The results show that there is a positive influence on the quality of work life on nurse performance, then job satisfaction has a positive influence on nurse performance, but mental workload has a negative influence on nurse performance. The research results also show that self-efficacy has no effect on nurse performance. Quality of work life, mental workload and self-efficacy have an indirect influence on nurse performance through nurse job satisfaction. It is hoped that future research can conduct comparative studies between the health sector and other sectors to compare how factors such as quality of work life, mental workload, and self-efficacy influence job satisfaction and job performance.

Управління стійким розвитком підприємств агропродовольчої сфери в контексті інноватики персоналу та трансферу знань

The article is devoted to managing the sustainable development of agro-food enterprises in the context of personnel innovation and knowledge transfer. Based on the research, it was proposed that the factors influencing the sustainable development of agro-food enterprises be arranged. The purpose of the study was to study the management of sustainable development of agro-food enterprises in the context of personnel innovation and knowledge transfer. The transition to a modernization development model is possible because the state reduces funding (primarily from budget funds) to the full extent of its vulnerable sectors of the economy, especially the extractive industries and industrial production. The primary funding should be directed to the creation of innovative products that ensure the increase in the competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy and the development of high-tech production (ensuring the formation of innovative clusters of the economy thanks to the definition of “growth points” that allow for more effective dissemination of innovations); establishing the transparency of investment decision-making and budgetary financing of innovative projects, ensuring their reasonableness and expediency; active fight against corruption and the introduction of effective public control over the execution of state orders when conducting competitions (tenders) for investment projects. The characteristics of factors affecting socio-economic development should be considered in more detail within the following groups: international, environmental, financial and economic, demographic, socio-cultural and, political and legal factors. Factors of indirect influence have the same effect on all economic entities in the same strategic group. Therefore, their influence on the competitiveness of economic entities in the agro-food sector cannot be considered decisive. Management decisions made with the help of feedback may significantly reflect the factors of indirect influence on the management of the sustainable development of agro-food enterprises in the context of personnel innovation and knowledge transfer, which is the subject of further research. Keywords: management, sustainable development, enterprises, agro-food sector, innovation, personnel, knowledge transfer, innovation management, personnel management.

Strategy for Increasing Organizational Commitment through Strengthening the Effectiveness of Human Resource Management, Organizational Culture, Trust, and Perceived Organizational Support

Organizations require high commitment from employees to achieve optimal goals, which can be improved through effective human resource (HR) management, a strong organizational culture, and a high level of trust. This research aims to identify optimal strategies, methods, and solutions to increase organizational commitment by strengthening the effectiveness of human resource management, organizational culture, and trust. Using a quantitative design and path analysis approach processed using SEM PLS, data was collected through a questionnaire to 139 foundation permanent teachers from 16 private high schools in South Jakarta City. The results of the study show that there is a positive and significant direct influence of the effectiveness of human resource management and organizational culture on organizational commitment. In addition, there is a positive and significant direct influence of the effectiveness of HR management on trust, but the direct influence of organizational culture on trust, as well as the direct influence of trust on organizational commitment, is not significant. It was also found that there was a positive but not significant indirect influence of the effectiveness of human resource management and organizational culture on organizational commitment through trust. The implications of this study emphasize the need for strategies to strengthen the effectiveness of HR management by improving compensation and maintaining positive aspects such as maintenance, HR planning, training and development, HR procurement, and performance appraisal. Organizational culture must be maintained through relationships between individuals, relationships with the environment, consistency of behavior, core values, and agreed norms.