Indirect Effect Coefficient Research Articles

Understanding the influencing factors affecting the sustainability of China's coastal recreational fisheries: A spatial spillover perspective

Recreational fisheries represent a pivotal leisure industry in most countries with coastlines, making substantial contributions to economic growth and social welfare. Spatial spillover effects remain less well explored in the existing research on the sustainability of recreational fisheries. In this study, we develop a framework to assess the sustainability of recreational fisheries across the coast of China from 2010 to 2019. We examine the driving factors and mechanisms sustaining recreational fisheries using a spatial Durbin model. The results reveal an overall upward trend in the sustainability index of China's coastal recreational fisheries, with several notable regional differences. Furthermore, we found that recreational fishery sustainability exhibited spatial dependency across coastal provinces. The sustainability was influenced by both local factors and spillover effects from neighboring regions. The local factors ranked in order by direct effect coefficients from highest to lowest were consumption capability, travel convenience, policy, fishery management, urbanization, and environment. Indirect effect coefficients indicated that the degree of travel convenience and fishery development of neighboring regions had positive spillover effects, whereas consumption capability and tourism had negative effects. These findings offer new insights into the mechanisms influencing recreational fishery sustainability, information that is vital for effective coastal management and the sustainable development of recreational fisheries.

The association between age at menopause and bone health in Southwest China women: mediation effect of body mass index

BackgroundPrevious studies have yielded inconsistent findings regarding the association between age at menopause and bone health, with limited exploration of potential mediating factors, particularly in the less-developed muti-ethnic regions of China. Our objective was to analyze the association between age at menopause and bone health among postmenopausal women in southwest China, while also examining the mediating effect of body mass index (BMI) and the moderating effect of years since menopause on this association.Methods and resultsThe analysis included a total of 15,352 naturally postmenopausal women obtained from the baseline data of the China Multi-Ethnic Cohort (CMEC) Study. Multiple linear regression was used for multivariate analysis. Mediation analysis was conducted to examine the mediating role of BMI in the association between age at menopause and bone health. A significant positive association was observed between age at menopause and bone health index (Quantitative ultrasound index, QUI). Specifically, with each year’s delay in age at menopause, there was an increase of 0.260 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.152–0.368) in QUI. Notably, women with later menopause (menopausal age ≥ 53 years) exhibited a higher QUI (β: 2.684, 95%CI: 1.503–3.865). Additionally, BMI partially mediated the relationship between age at menopause and QUI, accounting for 9.0% of the total effect, with an indirect effect coefficient β(95%CI) was 0.023(0.014, 0.032). Besides, it is worth mentioning that years since menopause moderated the association between age at menopause and bone health as well as the mediating effect of BMI.ConclusionNaturally postmenopausal women with a later age at menopause demonstrate enhanced bone health. Maintaining a moderately high BMI, without progressing to overweight or obesity, may provide health benefits for postmenopausal women, especially for those with a longer duration since menopause.

The impact of noise-induced hearing loss on individual job performance: exploring the role of aggression and work-related quality of life.

Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) may have a significant effect on individual job performance (IJP). These effects may exert through aggression and work-related quality of life (WRQoL). Hence, the present study was conducted to investigate the modeling of the impact of NIHL on IJP by exploring the role of aggression and WRQoL. In 2022, a comprehensive study was carried out on 335 industrial workers in Kaveh Industrial Town, Saveh, Iran. The study encompassed a range of assessments, including a questionnaire-based survey that included the IJP questionnaire, WRQoL questionnaire, and Aggression questionnaire, as well as a pure tone audiometry test. The data gathered from these assessments were analyzed using structural equation modeling, providing a robust framework for understanding the complex relationships between variables. Based on Spearman correlation test there is a negative correlation between NIHLtotal and WRQoL and IJP, with coefficients of -0.459 (P-value < 0.01) and - 0.575 (P-value < 0.01), respectively. Additionally, there is a positive correlation between NIHLtotal and aggression, with a coefficient of 0.374 (P-value < 0.05). The direct effect coefficients for the impact of NIHLtotal on WRQoL, aggression, and IJP were - 0.412, 0.453, and - 0.128, respectively. Moreover, the indirect effect coefficients of NIHLtotal on the IJP through aggression, through WRQoL, and through both aggression and WRQoL were - 0.057, -0.275, and - 0.078, respectively. Overall, the results indicate that NIHL had a negative and positive association with WRQoL and aggression among workers, respectively. Furthermore, IJP was found to be directly and indirectly influenced by NIHL, through reduced WRQoL and aggressive behavior as negative consequences of NIHL.

Developing and validating a risk assessment method for noise-induced hearing loss in workers

Various risk factors can affect noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) among employees. This research sought to establish and validate a risk assessment method for NIHL using these risk factors. This cross-sectional research was carried out with 220 workers from a steel manufacturing facility. At first, their demographic characteristics and information related to the studies’ items were gathered by the researcher-made questionnaire. In the next step, the noise exposure values of the participants were measured by the sound pressure level meter based on the ISO 9612 standard. Moreover, a pure tone audiometric test of bone and air conduction was used to measure hearing loss in people. Ultimately, a new index for risk assessment was created. Indirect effect coefficients of individual factors such as work experience, age, smoking, and effective diseases were 0.266, 0.227, 0.056, and 0.064, respectively. The coefficients of noise exposure items including occupational noise and leisure noise were obtained as 0.687 and 0.660. The personal protective equipment (PPE) items including use of PPE, noise reduction rating of PPE, and awareness of PPE were 0.194, 0.147, and 0.127, respectively. These coefficients were utilized to create a new index. The overall score of the index was divided into four categories using optimal cut-off values of 4.85, 6.84, and 7.59. According to the findings, the OHLRA methods were able to account for 74 percent of the hearing loss values. The results showed that the novel index for risk assessment had proper validity in the prediction of NIHL.

Associations between the Number of Children, Depressive Symptoms, and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Background: China's rapidly aging population presents challenges for cognitive health and mental well-being among the older adults. This study examines how the number of children affects cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults and whether depressive symptoms mediate this relationship. Methods: This study analyzed data from waves 1 to 5 (2011-2020) of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), involving 5932 participants aged 45 and older. Participants were grouped by the number of children: childless, only child and multiple children. We used Logarithmic Generalized Linear Models (LGLMs) to explore the relationships among the number of children, depressive symptoms, and cognitive function. Indirect effect coefficients and 95% bias-corrected and accelerated confidence intervals (BCaCI) were estimated using Simultaneous Equation Models (SEM) with three-stage least squares (3SLS) and the bootstrap method to assess the mediating effect of depressive symptoms. Results: In middle-aged and older adults, a negative association was observed between the number of children and overall cognitive functioning (all p < 0.01). This association remained significant even after adjusting for covariates in groups with three (β = -0.023, p < 0.05) and four or more children (β = -0.043, p < 0.001). Conversely, the positive association between the number of children and depression also persisted after adjusting for covariates, although it weakened as the number of children increased (all p < 0.01). Depressive symptoms consistently correlated negatively with overall cognitive function (p < 0.001) and partially mediated the relationship between the number of children and cognitive function (pMe = 20.36%, p < 0.05). The proportion of the mediating effect attributed to depression was more pronounced in middle-aged and older adults who had experienced the loss of children (pMe = 24.31%) or had two children (pMe = 25.39%), with stronger mediating effects observed in males (pMe = 48.84%) and urban residents (pMe = 64.58%). Conclusions: The findings indicate that depressive symptoms partially mediate the relationship between the number of children and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults in China. These results highlight the significance of considering mental health factors when studying cognitive function in this demographic. Notably, in families without children and those with two children, depressive symptoms play a crucial role in explaining the decline in cognitive function.

Machine learning and structural equation modeling for revealing the influence factors and pathways of different water management regimes acting on brown rice cadmium

Excessive cadmium (Cd) in brown rice has detrimental effects on rice growth and human health. Water management is a cost-effective, eco-friendly measure to suppress Cd accumulation in rice. However, there is no acknowledged water management regime that reduces Cd accumulation in brown rice without compromising the yield. Meanwhile, the major factors affecting brown rice Cd and the pathways of water management affecting rice Cd are not clear. This study explored major factors affecting brown rice Cd using machine learning (ML) and examined the pathways of water management affecting rice Cd using a structural equation model (SEM). Three water management systems were set up, namely flooding, water-saving, and wetting irrigation. Results showed that water-saving irrigation increased dry matter and reduced Cd content and translocation. Root uptake during the grain filling stage and Cd remobilization before the grain filling stage contributed 36 % and 64 % of the Cd accumulation in brown rice, respectively. ML explained 97 % of the variance, suggesting that crop covariates were the most important (e.g., the brown rice bioconcentration factor (12 %), stem Cd (9 %), root-to-stem translocation factor (7 %)), followed by soil covariates (e.g., reducing substances 12 %) and water management (3 %). All SEM explanatory variables collectively explained 94 % of the variation, with a predictive power of 76 %. Water treatments indirectly affected soil available Fe and Mn (indirect effect coefficient = 0.909), iron plaques (indirect effect coefficient = 0.866), soil available Cd (indirect effect coefficient = −0.671), and Cd intensity of xylem sap (BICd, indirect effect coefficient = −0.664) via pH and reducing substances. BICd significantly positively affected stem Cd (path coefficient = 0.445). These findings provide insight into the agronomic and environmental effects of water management on brown rice Cd and influence pathways in soil–rice systems, suggesting that water-saving irrigation may alleviate Cd contamination in the paddy soil.

Chain mediating effect of gratitude and meaning in life between nurses’ psychological response and emergency capability-a multicenter cross-sectional study

BackgroundClinical nurses face high-pressure situations requiring rapid decision-making and skilled intervention, impacting their psychological responses and emergency capabilities. Understanding the relationships between psychological factors like gratitude and meaning in life is crucial for improving nurses’ performance in emergencies. This study explores the mediating role of gratitude and meaning in life in the impact of psychological responses on clinical nurses’ emergency capabilities, aiming to enhance their effectiveness in such situations.MethodsThis study is a multi-center cross-sectional survey. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1833 clinical nurses in five tertiary hospitals in Anhui Province, China including general information questionnaire, nurses’ emergency capability scale, Meaning in life scale, Gratitude scale and Psychological response questionnaire. According to the results of the questionnaire survey, a chain mediating model was constructed and tested.ResultsThe total score of emergency capability of 1833 clinical nurses was (71.65 ± 10.77), the total score of meaning in life was (50.67 ± 9.04), the total score of gratitude was (30.96 ± 3.57), and the total score of psychological response was 13.00 (6.00, 20.00). The emergency capability of subjects was positively correlated with the meaning in life, the total score of gratitude scale and the scores of each dimension of the two scales, and negatively correlated with the total score of psychological response scale and each dimension of this scale (all P < 0.05). The total effect coefficient, direct effect coefficient and indirect effect coefficient of psychological response on nurses’ emergency capability are − 0.230, -0.110 and − 0.120 respectively, that is, the indirect effect accounts for 52.17% of the total effect. Among the indirect effects, the specific mediating effects of gratitude and meaning in life account for 22.50% and 62.50% respectively, and the chain mediating effects of gratitude and meaning in life account for 15.00%.ConclusionGratitude and meaning in life have multiple mediating roles in the mechanism of psychological response that affecting clinical nurses’ emergency capability. Therefore, it is very important to pay attention to dynamically evaluating the psychological response level of clinical nurses, and strive to improve their gratitude and meaning in life, so as to further enhance their emergency response ability.

The impact of intellectual property demonstration policies on carbon emission efficiency

Confronted with the concurrent challenges of economic advancement and environmental management, this study explores whether implementing Intellectual Property Demonstration Policies (IPDP) can be a covert force in enhancing carbon emission efficiency. Utilizing panel data from 280 prefecture-level cities in China over the period 2007–2019, we employ a quasi-natural experimental design, incorporating multiple-period difference-in-differences models, mediation effect models, and spatial Durbin difference-in-differences models to assess the impacts of IPDP on carbon emission efficiency, its mechanisms of action, and its spatial spillover effects. The regression results of the multi-period difference-in-differences model reveal a statistically significant enhancement in carbon emission efficiency due to IPDP, with an impact coefficient of 0.044. Through heterogeneity tests, it is observed that the influence of IPDP on carbon emission efficiency varies based on regional characteristics, carbon emission levels, and the extent of marketization. The mediation effect model demonstrates that IPDP enhances carbon emission efficiency by fostering green technological innovation and facilitating the transformation of industrial structures. Furthermore, the spatial Durbin difference-in-differences model illustrates that IPDP positively influences the carbon emission efficiency of neighboring regions, indicating favorable spatial spillover effects. Notably, the indirect effect coefficients in the geographical distance matrix, economic distance matrix, and economic-geographical nested matrix are calculated as 0.673, 0.250, and 0.386, respectively. These findings offer compelling theoretical and empirical support for strengthening the intellectual property framework to optimize its environmental impact.

Homeostasis Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance Mediates the Positive Association of Triglycerides with Diabetes.

Elevated circulating triglyceride levels have been linked to an increased risk of diabetes, although the precise mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) for insulin resistance, and C-reactive protein (CRP) served as mediators in this association across a sample of 18,435 US adults. Mediation analysis was conducted using the PROCESS Version 4.3 Macro for SPSS. Simple mediation analysis revealed that all three potential mediators played a role in mediating the association. However, in parallel mediation analysis, where all three mediators were simultaneously included, HOMA for insulin resistance remained a significant mediator (indirect effect coefficient, 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-0.52; p < 0.05) after adjusting for all tested confounding factors. Conversely, LDL cholesterol (indirect effect coefficient, -0.13; 95% CI, -0.31-0.05; p > 0.05) and C-reactive protein (indirect effect coefficient, 0.01; 95% CI, -0.003-0.02; p > 0.05) ceased to be significant mediators. HOMA for insulin resistance accounted for 49% of the association between triglycerides and diabetes. In conclusion, HOMA for insulin resistance was the dominant mediator underlying the association between triglycerides and diabetes. Therefore, reducing triglyceride levels may hold promise for improving insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients.

Spatial evolution, influencing factors and spillover effects of logistics resilience in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.

Logistics resilience is a significant representation of sustainable development ability and a necessary support for high-quality economic development. In order to explore the influencing factors and realization mechanism of the improvement of logistics resilience of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the high-quality and sustainable development of the economy, this paper comprehensively considers factors of the supply and demand relationship of the logistics market, industrial structure and ecological environment, and evaluates the urban logistics resilience of the Yangtze River Economic Belt by using POI data and statistical data. Combined with the spatial Durbin model, the influencing factors and spatial spillover effects of inter-city logistics resilience were revealed. This study found that the urban logistics resilience in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River has been high. Except Chongqing and Shanghai, the COVID-19 epidemic happened in 2020 led to a significant decrease in logistics resilience. In the meanwhile, every 1% increase in the logistics resilience of the city will promote the logistics resilience of the adjacent cities by 0.145%. Economic condition and urban development potential have positive effects on logistics resilience of the city and its adjacent cities. The economic condition has a direct effect coefficient of 0.166 and an indirect effect coefficient of 0.181, The direct and indirect effects of urban development potential are significantly positive, and the coefficients are 0.001 and 0.006, respectively. The level of information, government support and ability of technological innovation are helpful for the improvement of urban logistics resilience while hindering the enhancement of logistics resilience in adjacent cities. The research area can be extended in the future and more influencing factors can be considered in the future.

Influence of body shape on health-related quality of life in Korean adults: The mediating effect of self-rated health.

A Body Shape Index (ABSI) predicts mortality independent of body mass index and had a negative relationship with self-rated health (SRH), which had a positive effect on the EuroQol (EQ)-5D index. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between ABSI and the EQ-5D index and to verify the mediating effect of SRH in Korean adults. This study included 13,381 participants aged ≥20 years from the 7th (2016-2018) Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). The participants were classified into tertile groups based on the ABSI (T1, T2, and T3 groups). Demographic characteristics, health-related factors, ABSI, SRH, and EQ-5D scores were evaluated. Women (p<0.001), rural areas (p<0.001), married persons (p<0.001), low education level (p<0.001), low income (p<0.001), and older age (p<0.001) were higher in the T3 group. The monthly drinking (p<0.001), current smoking (p<0.001), and mental stress rates (p<0.001) were the highest in the T1 group. The overall average SRH scores and EQ-5D index were 3.08 points and 0.94 points, respectively. ABSI and SRH (r = -0.161, p<0.001) and ABSI and EQ-5D (r = -0.229, p<0.001) showed a negative correlation. However, SRH and EQ-5D scores (r = 0.433, p<0.001) were positively correlated. The overall effect of the independent variable ABSI on the dependent variable EQ-5D was -0.959. SRH partially mediated the effect of ABSI on EQ-5D (indirect effect coefficient = -0.200). These results can be used as basic data to develop strategies and programs to improve health-related quality of life by adjusting ABSI and SRH.

New Digital Infrastructure, Financial Resource Allocation and High Quality Economic Development in the Internet Era

Abstract This paper first establishes the index system of high-quality economic development and realizes the calculation of economic high-quality development score with the help of the entropy value method and coupling mechanism. Secondly, by constructing a spatial autocorrelation model, the spatial spillover effect of new infrastructure on high-quality economic development is empirically investigated. The mediation effect of digital new infrastructure on economic high-quality development through industrial structure and technological progress is continued to be analyzed. Finally, based on the panel data of 30 Chinese provinces from 2008 to 2020, the dynamic panel threshold model and the dynamic spatial Durbin model are used to test the nonlinear effects of financial resource allocation on the convergence of high-quality economic development and the mechanism of action, respectively. It is found that the direct effect coefficient of digital new infrastructure is 0.002 with a p-value less than 5%, and the indirect effect coefficient is 0.004, which passes the significance test at the 1% level. It is conducive to promoting high-quality economic development, and the allocation of financial resources can significantly enhance the role of new digital infrastructure in promoting high-quality economic development. Accordingly, implementing the new digital infrastructure proposed in this paper has contributed to the modernization of government governance, optimized the allocation of financial resources, and promoted high-quality economic development.

Does the Pro-Environmental Behavior of Household PV Installation Contribute to the Shaping of Users' Green Purchasing Behavior?-Evidence from China.

In order to achieve the "dual carbon goal", the Chinese government is actively encouraging the adoption of household photovoltaic (PV) systems. While there has been considerable research on residents' inclination to install PV, limited attention has been given to understanding how the installation and utilization of PV systems influence pro-environmental behaviors. Therefore, this paper aims to investigate the potential impact of pro-environmental behavior resulting from household PV installation on users' green purchasing behavior. Based on the "learning by doing" theory, a survey was conducted with 1249 participants, and the generalized structural equation model was employed as our analytical approach. The findings of this research indicate that the adoption and utilization of household photovoltaic (PV) systems have a positive impact on green consumption. The test results demonstrate that the overall effect coefficient is 0.03, indicating that current PV promotion policies have an indirect impact on green consumption. Moreover, economic incentive policies have a more substantial influence than environmental publicity policies, with total indirect effect coefficients of 0.005 and 0.002, respectively. Based on the findings above, the following recommendations are proposed: (1) It is recommended to maintain stable economic incentives to promote the adoption of household PV systems. (2) Emphasizing the dissemination of knowledge and skills for promoting environmental protection should be prioritized. (3) Efforts should be made to align personal interests and societal interests with low-carbon policies.

Association between cardiometabolic diseases and quality of life and the mediation effect of perceived stress

Objective: To explore the association between cardiometabolic diseases (CMD) and quality of life, the association between CMD and perceived stress, and the mediation effect of perceived stress on the association between CMD and quality of life, and to provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of CMD and the improvement of quality of life in these patients. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Data were collected by the employees' physical examination of a company in Xi'an in 2021. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the association between the status of CMD (divided into three categories: no CMD, presence of one kind of CMD, and with≥2 kinds of CMD (≥2 kinds of CMD were defined as cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM)), quality of life, and perceived stress. Mediation analysis with a multi-categorical independent variable was conducted to determine the mediation effect of perceived stress on the association between CMD and quality of life. Results: Among all 4 272 participants, 1 457 (34.1%) participants had one kind of CMD and 677 (15.8%) participants had CMM. The average scores for quality of life and perceived stress were (57.5±15.7) and (16.9±7.9), respectively. Compared with participants without CMD, after adjusting for demographic and lifestyle factors, no statistically significant associations were observed between one kind of CMD and perceived stress or quality of life (both P>0.05). Perceived stress did not mediate the association between one kind of CMD and quality of life. However, participants with CMM had lower quality of life and higher perceived stress than participants without CMD. The relative total effect coefficient c (95%CI) and the relative direct effect coefficient c' (95%CI) between CMM and quality of life were -3.71 (-5.04--2.37) and -2.52 (-3.81--1.24) (both P<0.05), respectively. The relative indirect effect coefficient a2b (95%CI) of perceived stress on the association between CMM and quality of life was -1.18 (-1.62--0.77) (P<0.05). The mediation effect size was 31.8%. Conclusions: CMM is negatively associated with quality of life and positively associated with perceived stress. Perceived stress partially mediates the association between CMM and quality of life. Our results suggest that, in addition to preventing and treating CMM actively, efforts should be taken to relieve the perceived stress of people with CMM to improve their quality of life.

Childhood and Life-Course Socioeconomic Position and Cognitive Function in the Adult Population of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos.

The Hispanic/Latino population experiences socioeconomic adversities across the lifespan and is at greater risk of cognitive impairment, yet little is known about the role of life-course socioeconomic position (SEP) in cognitive function in this population. Using baseline data (2008-2011) from adults (aged 45-74 years) of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, we assessed the association between childhood SEP and socioeconomic mobility with cognitive function, and whether this association was mediated by midlife SEP. Childhood SEP was assessed using parental education. An index combining participants' education and household income represented midlife SEP. Socioeconomic mobility was categorized as stable low, downward or upward mobility, and stable high-SEP. Cognitive function measures were modeled using survey linear regression with inverse-probability weighting, accounting for covariates. We used mediation analysis to estimate the indirect effect of childhood SEP on cognition through midlife SEP. High childhood SEP was associated with global cognition in adulthood (coefficient for parental education beyond high school vs. less than high school = 0.26, 95% confidence interval: 0.15, 0.37). This association was partially mediated through midlife SEP (indirect effect coefficient = 0.16, 95% confidence interval: 0.15, 0.18). Low SEP through the life course was associated with the lowest cognitive function. This study provides evidence that life-course SEP influences cognitive performance in adulthood.

Associations between socioeconomic status, home food availability, parental role-modeling, and children’s fruit and vegetable consumption: a mediation analysis

BackgroundRecent literature has suggested that associations and interactions between family socioeconomic status (SES) and home food environment influence children’s diet, but little is known about the mediation roles of parental role-modeling and food availability in the socioeconomic inequalities of children’s diet. This study aimed to determine the associations between family SES and children’s fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption and to assess the mediation roles of parental role-modeling and food availability in the above associations.MethodsCross-sectional data of 574 Finnish children (aged 3 to 6) were analyzed. Parents completed an FFQ assessing their children’s FV consumption frequency and a questionnaire assessing SES and home food environment. Two exposure variables: parental educational level (“low”, “middle”, and “high”) and the relative family income tertiles of the family were used. The frequencies of parental role-modeling of FV and sugary food and drink (SFD) consumption, and the availability of FV and SFD at home were calculated. Single- and multiple-mediator models were created using IBM SPSS 27.0.ResultsThe positive association between high parental educational level and children’s FV consumption (direct effect coefficient: 2.76, 95% CI: 0.51–4.86) was partially mediated by more frequent parental role-modeling of FV consumption (indirect effect coefficient: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.10–1.76), higher availability of FV (indirect effect coefficient: 1.00, 95% CI: 0.35–1.77), and lower availability of SFD (indirect effect coefficient: -0.30, 95% CI: -0.72 – -0.01). The relative family income was not directly associated with the outcome. However, the higher relative family income level indirectly predicted the Children’s FV consumption (full mediation) through more frequent parental role-modeling of FV consumption (indirect effect coefficient: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.06–1.83) and higher availability of FV (indirect effect coefficient: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.40–1.67). Parental role-modeling on SFD consumption did not mediate any of the above associations.ConclusionsParental educational level showed more associations with children’s FV consumption than relative family income. Our findings suggest that reducing the availability of SFD is as important as increasing the availability of FV to enhance children’s FV consumption. Future interventions to improve children’s dietary behaviors should pay greater attention to the lower SES segments of society. Longitudinal studies and intervention studies supporting these findings are needed for making meaningful recommendations for health promotion.

Determining the effect of selected mental factors on turnover intention through two modulators - stress and resilience over COVID-19 period

IntroductionTurnover intention among nurses has risen in an alarming rate since the onset of the pandemic. There are various underlying factors to turnover intention. The present study aims to determine the effect of a number of mental factors on nurses’ professional-turnover intention through two modulators of stress and resilience over COVID-19 period.MethodsThe current cross-sectional study was conducted at three hospitals in Khuzestan Province, southern Iran, during the winter of 2021. To collect the data, given the restrictions in place during COVID-19 period, the web link of electronic self-reported questionnaires (including general health, mental workload, work-family conflict, resilience, job stress, corona fear, and turnover intention) were sent to 350 nurses through e-mail and other social media (WhatsApp and Telegram). Accordingly, they were asked to complete the questionnaire during rest periods within two weeks. Totally, 300 people (85% participation) filled out the questionnaires. Finally, a model was constructed in the Amos software.ResultsThe results showed that the four independent parameters of decreasing general health, increasing mental workload, increasing WFCs and fear of COVID-19 can indirectly increase nurses’ turnover intention by increasing job stress. Among these variables, the highest indirect effect coefficient on turnover intention was related to the general health parameter (-0.141). The results also demonstrated a negative correlation between job stress and resilience, with lower resilience raising job stress and, consequently, increasing intention to quit the job.ConclusionMental factors affecting turnover intension were identified in this study through path analysis. Therefore, it is recommended that the required resilience-enhancing measures to be taken by hospitals and nursing administrations to reduce psychological pressures caused by mentioned variables with the aim of minimizing job-related stress and fostering nurse retention.

Berbagi Pengetahuan Sebagai Mediator Pengaruh Persepsi Dukungan Organisasi terhadap Perilaku Inovasi UMKM Batik Jember

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Research aim: To test how the role of knowledge sharing as a mediator influences perceptions of organizational support on the innovation behaviour of Batik SMEs in Jember Regency&#x0D; Design/ Method/ Approach: The research method uses quantitative data by using the MSI (Successive Interval Method) data transformation method with path analysis techniques (path analysis)&#x0D; Research Findings: significant influence of perceived organizational support variables on innovative behaviour, both directly and indirectly, through knowledge sharing variables. The direct effect coefficient is 0.564, while the indirect effect coefficient is 0.247. This shows that the three hypotheses prepared are acceptable because they are proven significant.&#x0D; Theoretical Contribution/ Originality: The conceptual framework proposed in this model is an adaptation and synthesis of various previous research findings. Therefore this study conceptually emerges a new model in which knowledge sharing is treated as a mediating variable in mediating the effect of perceived organizational support on innovation behaviour.&#x0D; Practitionel/Policy implication : For MSME managers and related agency policymakers, find out how the role of knowledge-sharing mediator variables mediates the influence of perceptions of organizational support to take appropriate actions to increase the innovative behaviour of Batik MSMEs. Through this research, two important things will be obtained. They were first able to find out how to implement knowledge sharing in Batik MSMEs, which have competency advantages to increase innovative behaviour. Second, know how to increase the perception of organizational support by implementing knowledge-sharing practices in Batik SMEs.&#x0D; Research Limitations: The selection of research variables led to sampling criteria adjusted to research needs, so not all batik UMKM employees in Jember Regency became the research sample.&#x0D; Keywords: Knowledge Sharing, Perceived Organizational Support, Innovative Behavior, MSMEs &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Regulation of bacterial behavior to mitigate membrane fouling in gravity-driven membrane system: The beneficial effects of gravity-driven up-flow slow biofilter

Membrane fouling has been a challenge for the practical application of gravity-driven membrane (GDM) systems. In this paper, gravity-driven up-flow slow biofilter (GUSB) was used before the GDM system to mitigate membrane fouling, and the spatial distribution of the fouling characteristics was investigated. The cake layer resistance (Rc) and membrane pore resistance (Rp) were reduced after GUSB pretreatment, resulting in a 62% increase in permeate flux. In the membrane module vertical direction, Rc and Rp declined sequentially from top to bottom. The ratio of protein to polysaccharide (PN/PS) was highly negatively correlated with nanoparticle size (Pearson's r = −0.89), and was the key factor shaping the bacterial community (Mantel's r = 0.95). The increased relative abundance of functional bacteria (such as Candidatus_Obscuribacter genus) and metabolic functions (amino acid, carbohydrate, and energy) was associated with the structure and composition of the biofouling layer. Rc has the highest weight ratio (0.699) for membrane resistance. Nanoparticle size influenced surface porosity and composition of the biofouling layer by regulating bacterial community diversity and metabolic functions, which indirectly determined membrane resistance (indirect effect coefficient = −2.018). This study would spark a wider application of GDM in drinking water treatment, and provided a comprehensive explanation for the membrane fouling mechanism.

Examining the effect of safety climate on accident risk through job stress: a path analysis

BackgroundJob stress is a probable mediator of the relationship between safety climate and accident occurrence. To demonstrate this, this study investigates the relationship between safety climate, job stress, and accident risk using a large number of surveys. The study will use structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the data collected from the surveys to examine the effect of safety climate on accident risk through job stress.MethodsThe study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted on 1,530 male workers of a petrochemical company. The subjects were asked to complete several questionnaires during rest periods, which included demographic information, the Nordic safety climate questionnaire (NOSACQ-50), and the generic job stress questionnaire (GJSQ). Additionally, data on the frequency and intensity of accidents among participants were gathered from the health unit of the company. Path analysis was conducted by structural equation modeling (SEM) in Analysis of Moment Structures (AMOS) software.ResultsThe results revealed that the latent variable of safety climate with an effect coefficient of – 0.112 did not have a direct effect on accident risk (P = 0.343). However, safety climate with an effect coefficient of − 0.633 had an indirect effect on accident risk through job stress (P < 0.001). The total score of job stress had a significant direct effect (0.649) on accident risk (P < 0.001). Among the dimensions of safety climate, the variables of management’s safety priority, commitment, and competence (− 0.108) and workers’ safety commitment (− 0.107) had the highest indirect effect coefficients on accident risk. Among the dimensions of job stress, the highest indirect effects belonged to the variables of conflict at work (0.636), physical environment (0.631), and workload and responsibility (0.631), respectively.ConclusionThe results of the study revealed that job stress mediates the relationship between safety climate and accident risk. This finding suggests that organizations can potentially decrease accidents in industries by addressing and managing job stress in the workplace.