Tobacco Use In India Research Articles

Assessment of implementation status of Cigarettes and Other Tobacco Products Act (COTPA) and its awareness among residents in a block of Haryana.

Legislative route is one of the known method to control behaviour of population. Cigarette and Other Tobacco Products Act is one of the laws enacted to control the use of tobacco in India lunched in the year 2003. The objective of this study was to find compliance of COTPA among tobacco stores and to find the knowledge of people regarding COTPA. All selected communities were studied by community audit. All stores selling tobacco products were assessed for its compliance to COTPA. Thirty participants from selected communities with in the age range of 18- 65 years were selected and interviewed for knowledge regarding COTPA. A total of 218 stores were found to be selling tobacco. None of the stores were fully compliant to all COTPA clauses. Stores in rural areas were found to be more non-complaint than urban areas. 41% of stores were selling tobacco to minors, 10% were within 100 yards of schools.8% of schools have tobacco advertisement on façade and 24% displayed tobacco products openly. Around half of the participants (n-552) had heard about COTPA whereas only 4% were aware of all 4 provisions of COTPA. Although more than a decade passed since the law was enacted poor compliance and knowledge was found among participants.

Determinants of smokeless tobacco use in India.

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) contributes to more than 50 per cent disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in India; and tobacco contributes to 7·4 per cent of DALYs which is next to diet and high blood pressure. According to Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2015, tobacco use contributed to 5.9 per cent out of total DALYs in India. Smokeless tobacco (SLT) consumption is a multifactorial process influenced by varied range of contextual factors i.e., social, environmental, psychological and the genetic factors which are linked to the tobacco use. The determinants associated with the SLT use are gender, educational level, wealth index (inverse association), urban-rural residence, socio-economic status and low tax. Taking the view from tobacco control programmes, there is a need to address determinants of SLT use with State level monitoring and socio-economic inequalities, progress and review of the taxation of the SLT use in India.

Are good knowledge and positive attitudes regarding the cigarettes and other tobacco products act prevalent among rural Indian adults?

Background: Cigarettes and other tobacco products (COTPA) Act is a legislation passed to curb tobacco use in India by imposing restrictions on tobacco products. This study appraised knowledge and attitudes regarding COTPA Act among adults in a rural area and elicited socio-demographic predictors of knowledge and attitudes regarding COTPA Act among study participants.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September to December 2014 on adults (aged ≥18 years) in a rural area of Coastal Karnataka. A pre-designed, pre-tested proforma was used to collect information from study participants regarding their knowledge and attitudes about COTPA Act. Knowledge and attitude scores were computed. A score of ≥4 was good knowledge and ≥3 was regarded as positive attitudes.Results: Nearly 49.14% had good knowledge, while 51.29% displayed positive attitudes. Those belonging to upper and upper middle socio-economic class (Class I+Class II) had higher odds for good knowledge (AOR=2.09, 95% CI=0.82-5.92), when compared to their counterparts belonging to other socio-economic classes. Age ≥60 years (AOR=3.80, 95% CI= 0.30-9.98), education beyond primary school (AOR=2.88, 95% CI=1.24-6.19), upper and upper middle class socio-economic status (AOR=3.68, 95% CI=1.34-7.02) were the key predictor variables for positive attitudes.Conclusions:Nearly half the study participants had good knowledge and positive attitudes towards COTPA Act. High socio-economic status could predict good knowledge, while age ≥60 years, education beyond primary school and a high socio-economic status were the key variables predicting positive attitudes. Educational campaigns can help improve knowledge. Assessment of knowledge and attitude is imperative prior to implementation of policies to ensure effectiveness.

Tobacco use in India and its states: Burden of smoking and smokeless forms of tobacco (2015-25) and its predictors

BackgroundThere is a lack of studies providing information about the load of forms of tobacco consumption in India and its states. ObjectivesThis study attempts to project the burden of forms of tobacco by the year 2025 and the risk of developing smoking and smokeless tobacco in India. Materials and methodsThe prevalence of forms of tobacco were obtained from recent five different round of NSSO and the population of India and its states were taken from the report projected by Registrar General of India. Bivariate and multivariate techniques were employed using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 and StataSE 12. Individual effects of socio-demographic factors on smokeless and smoking tobacco were calculated using binary logistic regression. ResultsThe pattern of smoking tobacco increased in urban India from 101.8 million in the year 2015–106.2 million in the year 2025, whereas in rural India were declining throughout the period 2015–2025. The detailed analysis indicated regional diversity in the burden of smoking and smokeless tobacco. Age, sex, education, religion, social group, sectors and households’ type were significantly associated with smoking and smokeless tobacco (p<0.001). The people belonging to other than Hindu community were 17% (OR=1.17, CI: 1.13–1.22, P<0.001) more likely to consume smoking tobacco than the Hindu. The numbers of smokers in the urban sector were significantly less than the rural area. Scheduled caste people were also utilizing less than the scheduled tribes but more than the OBC and others community people. ConclusionIn view of increasing burden of smoking and smokeless tobacco in the urban sector and still high (in numbers) in the rural area is a burning need to initiate focused on control measures to combat associated cancer.

Attachment Issues in Cancer patients Co-morbid to Addiction: Intervention based Case study

The use of substances that alter mood, behavior and cognitions have been a part of human life across numerous social contexts throughout the history. Invariably, there are some individuals whose use of such substances may lead to abuse and eventual Psychological, Social, or Physical harm [1]. Tobacco is used in India in many forms. Smoking of Cigarettes and Beedis (Tobacco wrapped in dried leaves of special trees) is one form of tobacco use. Smokeless tobacco use consists of chewing pan (mixture of lime, pieces of areca nut, tobacco and spices wrapped in betel leaf), chewing gutkha or pan masala (scented tobacco mixed with lime and areca nut, in powder form), and mishri (a kind of toothpaste used for rubbing on gums) [2]. Using data from the National Family Health Survey second round (NFHS II, 1998-99), prevalence of tobacco use in India was estimated to be 37 percent among the population of 15 years and above [3].

A descriptive study of tobacco use in adults in an urban slum

Background: Globally, nearly 5 million persons die every year from tobacco-related illnesses, with disproporti-onately higher mortality occurring in developing countries. Tobacco is used in a multitude of ways in India. By 2020 India would have the highest rate of rise in tobacco related deaths compared to all other countries. Tobacco use in India is increasing but there are considerable changes in the types and methods by which it is used. According to WHO estimates, 194 million men and 45 million women use tobacco in smoked or smokeless form in India. Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of death in developed countries and is the second leading cause of death globally. The study was carried out to assess the practice of tobacco use among adults in urban slum. It tries to ascertain the prevalence of tobacco use in the community, identify the various forms of tobacco used. It is a questionnaire based cross sectional descriptive study. Methods: A cross sectional descriptive study using a close-ended, pre tested structured interview schedule was prepared and the investigator conducted the interviews personally at the respondent’s house who were above 18 years of age. Results: The prevalence of tobacco use in any form was found to be 38.78%, the most common age group being 30-44 yrs. Also seeing that initiation of tobacco use took place in the age group 20-29 yrs it highlights the need of starting anti-tobacco campaigns for a younger age group but not leaving out older age groups at the same time. Sex-wise distribution of tobacco use was observed to be 40.23% in males as compared to 36.17% in females. Conclusions: Control of this deadly epidemic requires a decisive, target oriented and a well motivated approach.

The Association Between State Value-Added Taxes and Tobacco Use in India-Evidence From GATS and TCP India Survey.

State value-added taxes (VAT) on tobacco products have been increased significantly in recent years in India. Evidence on how these VATs were associated with smoking is highly needed. State bidi and cigarette VAT rates were linked to Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) India 2009-2010 and Tobacco Control Policy (TCP) India Survey waves 1 (2010-2011) and 2 (2012-2013), respectively. These linked data were used to analyze the associations between bidi VAT rates and bidi smoking, between cigarette VAT rates and cigarette smoking, and between the two VAT rates and dual use of bidis and cigarettes. Weighted logistic regressions were employed to examine GATS cross-sectional data, whereas generalized estimating equations (GEE) were employed to examine longitudinal TCP data. We further stratified the analyses by gender. A 10% increase in cigarette VAT rates was associated with a 6.5% (p < .001) decrease in dual use of cigarettes and bidis among adults and a 0.9% decrease (p < .05) in cigarette smoking among males in TCP; and with a 21.6% decrease (p < .05) in dual use among adults and a 17.2% decrease (p < .001) in cigarette smoking among males in GATS. TCP analyses controlling for state fixed effects are less likely to be biased and indicate a cigarette price elasticity of -0.44. As female smoking prevalence was extremely low, these associations were nonsignificant for females. Higher state cigarette VAT rates in India were significantly associated with lower cigarette smoking and lower dual use of cigarettes and bidis. Increasing state VAT rates may significantly reduce smoking in India. Both Global Adult Tobacco Survey and Tobacco Control Policy (TCP) India datasets suggest that higher state cigarette value-added tax rates were significantly associated with lower male cigarette smoking and lower dual use of cigarettes and bidis among all adults in India. TCP analyses indicate a cigarette price elasticity of -0.44. As shown in this study, state tobacco taxes in the current taxation system are likely effective in reducing smoking. Given this, a future central goods and service tax (GST) system could consider keeping states' authority in implementing local tobacco taxes or designing a GST system that is equally or more effective in reducing tobacco use.

Tobacco use related attitudes and behaviors in Indian Adolescents: association with school-based prevention education.

Background: Adolescent tobacco use in India has increased substantially within the past few decades. Schools can serve as an important avenue for prevention education, but little is known about the current practices of Indian schools in relation to tobacco use prevention education. Methods: To assess the extent and influence tobacco use prevention education in Indian schools,we analyzed the Global Youth Tobacco Survey data for India, which was a population-based study of a national random sample of 10112 students from 180 private and public schools.Variables such as student demographic profile, tobacco use behavior, perceptions about tobacco use, and exposure to school-based tobacco use prevention education were considered for analyses. Results: Prevalence of any form of tobacco use (14%) and current smoking (8%) was found to differ by gender. A quarter of the students believed that boys who smoke are more attractive or have more friends compared to non-smokers, and almost half of the students reported that smoking and health were never discussed as a part of a lesson in school. The association between school-based prevention education and tobacco use behavior was assessed (after adjustment forage, gender, and parental smoking). Students who were educated in school about tobacco use and its effects were significantly more likely to have negative attitude toward tobacco use and less likely to report use of tobacco. Conclusion: School-based tobacco use prevention education has beneficial influence on adolescents in India. Given the early age of initiation of tobacco use, school curricula in India should emphasize on tobacco use prevention education.

Tobacco use in India: an Epidemic of Smoking, Chewing and Snuffing

Tobacco use in India: an Epidemic of Smoking, Chewing and Snuffing

Prevelance of tobacco use among school children reporting to dental hospital for treatment

Objective: The objectives of this study are to study the pattern of tobacco use in Indian school children aged 10–15 years in Wardha district and to study the role of psychosocial factors in initiation and prevention. Materials and Methods: A descriptive questionnaire cross-sectional study to evaluate the patterns of tobacco use in India among school children aged 10–15 in Wardha district. Results: Of the total of 1000 children selected, 5.9% were tobacco users and out of these 3.7% claimed to be addicted to it. Among the habitues, the mean age of initiation of tobacco use was 11.65 ± 2.62. The possible causes being peer pressure (35.08%), tension (49.12%), to achieve the aim (5.26%) and influence from parents (10.52%). Among the habitues, a mean number of 2.71 ± 2.03 children were using tobacco regularly with the range of 1–5 times per day. Conclusion: The peer group influence was the reason for initiating this habit in majority of the users. It is better to prevent the initiation of the habit than trying to stop the habit. The present study suggests the need for school-based tobacco prevention programs. Joint efforts from family, school, and social welfare groups are needed to address these factors for effective prevention, in addition to raising awareness against tobacco use among the school students.

A Cross sectional study of smoking among youth population

Background: Tobacco use in the form of smoking is increasing among youth population and they are the vulnerable group to initiate this habit also. One fifth of all worldwide deaths attributed to tobacco use in India, where more than 8,00,000 people die and 12 million people become ill. The prevalence of tobacco use in India ranged from 14% among aged 13 15yrs to 57% among males aged 18 -49 yrs. Tobacco use is continuously increases with a rate of 3.4% annually. Present study was conducted to find the prevalence of smoking and factors associated with smoking among youth population.Methods: Present Study is a cross-sectional study, conducted amongst 100 youth individuals to find out prevalence of smoking and factors associate with it.Results: The main observations of the study are 43% of population were ever use tobacco as smoking. Median age for initiation of smoking habit is 19 years of age. Most of young individuals start smoking for enjoyment and it is become addiction & habit later on.Conclusion: very high prevalence was found in youth population and currently smoking habits is increasing over period of times when compared with previous study.

Tobacco cues in India: An ecological momentary assessment.

BackgroundTobacco use in India is a major health concern; however, little is known about the influence of tobacco-related social and environmental cues on tobacco use. This study uses ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to examine real-time tobacco use and exposure to social and environmental cues.MethodsIn Hyderabad and Kolkata, participants were recruited, and an EMA application was installed on their mobile phones. Momentary prompts (MP) were randomly used to collect real-time information and end-of-day (EOD) prompts gathered retrospective information on daily basis. Besides personal tobacco use, the surveys asked about exposure to social (e.g., presence of others using tobacco) and environmental cues (e.g., visual and olfactory stimuli). Using the data aggregation approach, bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to examine the association of tobacco use and cue exposure. Moderating roles of participants’ socio-demographic characteristics were also tested to gain an in-depth understanding of the relationship.ResultsAmong the 205 participants, around a third (MP, 33.7 %; EOD, 37.6 %) used tobacco at least once during the study period. Tobacco-related social and environmental cues related were commonly reported. In the bivariate models, tobacco use was associated with gender, age, and all the examined social and environmental cues except for seeing restrictions on tobacco use. In the multivariate models, tobacco use was associated with age, gender, seeing others using tobacco, and seeing restrictions on tobacco use. Seeing others in one’s immediate group using tobacco was the strongest predictor of tobacco use in both MP and EOD assessments. Gender and age did not moderate the relationship between cue exposure and tobacco use, although males reported higher tobacco use and cue exposure in general.ConclusionsThis research provides data on the ubiquity of social and environmental tobacco cues in India. The EMA approach was feasible and informative. Future cessation interventions and advocacy efforts should address the high prevalence of tobacco use and exposure to pro-tobacco use cues especially among Indian males. Health education campaigns for promoting tobacco use restrictions in private places as well as changing the norms of tobacco use in social settings are recommended.

Switching to smokeless tobacco, the most common smoking cessation method: results from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey, India

• Unlike many other countries smokeless tobacco (SLT) is the predominant form of tobacco use in India.

Have Socioeconomic Inequalities in Tobacco Use in India Increased Over Time? Trends From the National Sample Surveys (2000-2012).

Introduction:India has experienced marked sociocultural change, economic growth and industry promotion of tobacco products over the past decade. Little is known about the influence of these factors on socioeconomic patterning of tobacco use. This study examines trends in tobacco use by socioeconomic status (SES) in India between 2000 and 2012.Methods:We analyzed data in 2014 from nationally-representative repeated cross-sectional National Sample Surveys (NSS) in India for 1999–2000, 2004–2005 and 2011–2012 (n = 346 612 households). Prevalence and volume trends in cigarette, “bidi” and smokeless tobacco use were examined by household expenditure, educational attainment and caste/tribe status using Two-part model.Results:Prevalence of any tobacco use remained consistent in the poorest households (61.5% to 62.7%) and declined among the richest (43.8% to 36.8%) between 2000–2012. Bidi use declined across all groups (poorest: 26.3% to 16.8%, richest: 19.8% to 10.7%) while cigarette use increased (poorest: 1.2% to 1.3%, richest: 6.5% to 7.0%). Relative to educated and general caste households, between 2000 and 2012 cigarette use in illiterate households increased by 38% and among Scheduled Tribe households increased by 32%. Smokeless tobacco use increased for all households (poorest: 26.2% to 33.9%, richest: 11.4% to 13.5%, Scheduled Tribe: 31.1% to 34.8%, general caste: 13.6% to 18.5%), with greater increases among richer, more educated and general caste households.Conclusion:Marked SES patterning of tobacco use has persisted in India. Improving enforcement of tobacco control policies and monitoring comprehensive smoke-free legislations are needed to address this growing burden.Implications:We found “resilient” tobacco patterns in the last decade despite prevention interventions. SES continues to be inversely associated with tobacco products, with the exception of cigarettes. The declines in bidi use may be getting replaced by increase in cigarette use trends, especially among lower SES groups. The use of smokeless tobacco products has increased across all SES groups and the volume of smokeless tobacco use is not been declining despite a number of policies on tobacco use. This may be attributed to inadequate attention to chewed forms of tobacco in current policies, particularly to implementing pictoral warnings and regulating surrogate advertising. Evaluating the implementation of anti-tobacco policies and ensuring equity dimensions in interventions is urgently needed to address tobacco use inequalities.

Alcohol and tobacco use among male aged 15 year and above in urban area of Ghaziabad city, Uttar Pradesh, India: an epidemiological study

Background: Alcohol consumption and problems related to alcohol vary widely around the world, but the burden of disease and death remains significant in most countries. Though there are studies indicating co-occurrence of alcohol use with tobacco, not much work is done on association of alcohol and tobacco use in India. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted on 324 individuals aged ≥15 years by house to house visit, selected from urban field practice area of the Santosh Medical College, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India by using simple random sampling between May 2010 to April 2011. Data was collected by home visit using WHO questionnaire (AUDIT: alcohol use disorder identification test) as study tool by interviewing each study subject. Results: In the present study among current drinker, 60% Used smoked tobacco and 15.5 of the Teetotalers’ were smoker. Similarly, smokeless tobacco smokeless tobacco used by 25.8 current drinkers and 6.2 of Teetotalers’. A highly significant association was found between tobacco and alcohol use. Conclusions: The present study highlights the association between concurrent alcohol and tobacco use among Indian population. It can be very well concluded that alcohol users are more indulged into tobacco use as compared to teetotallers. Therefore, high risk screening for tobacco use among the alcoholics can be a vital step in the prevention of addiction, which is emerging as one of the major risk factor for non-communicable diseases.

Data Quality of Select Economic Indicators in a National Survey Using Handheld Device: Experience from Global Adult Tobacco Survey, India (2009-2010)

Introduction: Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS)-India is the first national survey in which electronic handheld devices were used for data collection and data management. Apart from the participant selection during household survey, rapid data collection, data collation, cost effectiveness, acceptability and improved data quality are some of the key benefits of handheld device use. However, the data quality of GATSIndia survey for certain variables like cigarette and rolled cigarette use, quit attempt and duration of abstinence has been questioned in the recent past. In this context, this study is undertaken to understand the usefulness of handheld device in data collection during GATS-India (2009-10) survey, considering data quality of select economic indicators of tobacco use. Methods: Economic indicators of tobacco use (last purchase and the price paid for it) from items F01 and F02 of GATS-India tool was analyzed to assess the quality of data using cross-tabulation, correlation,‘t’ test and internal consistency test. Due to price variation from state to state and brand to brand, state stratified internal consistency analysis was done after limiting analysis to a single brand of manufactured cigarette which was most commonly reported in the survey. Results: Data analysis suggests 90% of current manufactured cigarette users had purchased cigarettes for their use and 8.7% of daily users had never purchased any manufactured cigarette for their use. The number of the manufactured cigarette purchased by current users was varied between one and 179,820 units. The amount paid per cigarette stick was ranged from nil to 1,944 INR (1 USD = 65.5 INR). Around 9% packs-purchasing smokers and 83% carton-purchasing smokers poorly reported regarding the number of cigarettes per pack/carton. Less than daily smokers spent a higher amount than daily smokers (7.7 vs. 5.1 INR) during their last purchase. Despite of positive and very weak correlation for the entire sample, internal consistency between quantity of cigarette purchased and the price paid was either poor or unacceptable or unreliable in 11 states. Conclusion: Handheld electronic device has been successfully used in developed nations and has an equal potential to be used in India. However inconsistent responses for selected economic indicators, highlight limited validation of the GATS-India tool, which could underestimate its usefulness. Full utilization of automated features available in handheld devices could reduce inconsistent responses in future surveys.

Smokeless tobacco use in India: Role of prices and advertising

Although the primary form of tobacco use worldwide is cigarette smoking, the large majority of users in India consume smokeless forms of tobacco. There is little evidence on the role of policy-related factors in shaping the demand for smokeless tobacco (ST) in India. This study evaluates the relationship between two such factors, prices and advertising, and ST use in India, using data on 67,737 individuals from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) India 2009. We find that ST advertising is more likely to influence ST consumption in women than men, while men are more likely to respond to changes in ST price. We estimate that among adult males in India, the total price elasticity of ST demand is −0.212, which is close to estimates reported for males in the U.S. We do not find strong direct evidence on the economic substitutability or complementarity of smoked and smokeless products. However, the positive association between former smoking and current smokeless use may point to temporal substitutability at the individual level. The findings have implications on the relative effectiveness of policy tools across genders in India – increasing the prices of ST products may discourage ST use particularly among men, and advertising restrictions may play a relatively larger role in the consumption behavior of women in India.

Socioeconomic Gradients in Different Types of Tobacco Use in India: Evidence from Global Adult Tobacco Survey 2009-10.

Socioeconomic differences in tobacco use have been reported, but there is a lack of evidence on how they vary according to types of tobacco use. This study explored socioeconomic differences associated with cigarette, bidi, smokeless tobacco (SLT), and dual use (smoking and smokeless tobacco use) in India and tested whether these differences vary by gender and residential area. Secondary analysis of Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) 2009-10 (n = 69,296) was conducted. The primary outcomes were self-reported cigarette, bidi smoking, SLT, and dual use. The main explanatory variables were wealth, education, and occupation. Associations were assessed using multinomial logistic regressions. 69,030 adults participated in the study. Positive association was observed between wealth and prevalence of cigarette smoking while inverse associations were observed for bidi smoking, SLT, and dual use after adjustment for potential confounders. Inverse associations with education were observed for all four types after adjusting for confounders. Significant interactions were observed for gender and area in the association between cigarette, bidi, and smokeless tobacco use with wealth and education. The probability of cigarette smoking was higher for wealthier individuals while the probability of bidi smoking, smokeless tobacco use, and dual use was higher for those with lesser wealth and education.

Prevalence and determinants of tobacco use in India: evidence from recent Global Adult Tobacco Survey data.

BackgroundTobacco use in India is characterized by a high prevalence of smoking and smokeless tobacco use, with dual use also contributing a noticeable proportion. In the context of such a high burden of tobacco use, this study examines the regional variations, and socioeconomic, demographic and other correlates of smoking, smokeless tobacco and dual use of tobacco in India.Methods and FindingsWe analyzed a cross sectional, nationally representative sample of individuals from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey in India (2009–10), which covered 69,296 individuals aged 15 years and above. The current tobacco use in three forms, namely, smoking only, smokeless tobacco use only, and both smoking and smokeless tobacco use were considered as outcomes in this study. Descriptive statistics, cross tabulations and multinomial logistic regression analysis were adopted as analytical tools. Smokeless tobacco use was the major form of tobacco use in India followed by smoking and dual tobacco use. Tobacco use was higher among males, the less educated, the poor, and the rural population in India. Respondents lacking knowledge of health hazards of tobacco had higher prevalence of tobacco use in each form. The prevalence of different forms of tobacco use varies significantly by states. The prevalence of tobacco use increases concomitantly with age among females. Middle-aged adult males had higher prevalence of tobacco use. Age, education and region were found to be significant determinants of all forms of tobacco use. Adults from the poor household had significantly higher risk of consuming smokeless tobacco. Lack of awareness about the selected hazards of tobacco significantly affects tobacco use.ConclusionsThere is an urgent need to curb the use of tobacco among the sub-groups of population with higher prevalence. Tobacco control policies in India should adopt a targeted, population-based approach to control and reduce tobacco consumption in the country.

Adolescent Electronic and Conventional Cigarette Use

Research Article| July 01 2014 Adolescent Electronic and Conventional Cigarette Use AAP Grand Rounds (2014) 32 (1): 4. https://doi.org/10.1542/gr.32-1-4 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Adolescent Electronic and Conventional Cigarette Use. AAP Grand Rounds July 2014; 32 (1): 4. https://doi.org/10.1542/gr.32-1-4 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All PublicationsAll JournalsAAP Grand RoundsPediatricsHospital PediatricsPediatrics In ReviewNeoReviewsAAP NewsAll AAP Sites Search Advanced Search Topics: cigarette smoking, electronic cigarettes, smoking cessation, cigarettes Source: Dutra LM, Glantz SA. Electronic cigarettes and conventional cigarette use among US adolescents [published online ahead of print March 6, 2014]. JAMA Pediatrics; doi: https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.5488 Investigators from the University of California, San Francisco conducted a study to examine the relationship between electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use and both conventional cigarette use and smoking cessation among US adolescents. The researchers used data from the 2011 and 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a nationally representative, cross-sectional sample of US middle and high school students (grades 6–12) for the study. The self-administered questionnaire included indicators of tobacco use, intention to quit, and smoking cessation. Conventional cigarette users were defined as experimenters (ever tried ≥1 puff), ever smokers (≥100 cigarettes smoked), or current smokers (≥100 cigarettes smoked in last 30 days). Conventional cigarette abstinence was measured at 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year. Participants who responded that they had used “electronic cigarettes or e-cigarettes, such as Ruyan or NJOY” were defined as ever e-cigarette users (ever tried) or current users (used on ≥1 day in the past 30 days). Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the relationship between e-cigarette use and tobacco cigarette use and cessation. The investigators analyzed data from 17,353 respondents in 2011 and 22,539 in 2012. Among cigarette experimenters, ever e-cigarette use was associated with higher odds of being classified as an “ever smoker” (OR = 6.31; 95% CI, 5.39–7.39) and current cigarette smoking (OR = 5.96; 95% CI, 5.67–6.27). Current e-cigarette use was also associated with higher odds of ever having smoked cigarettes (OR = 7.42; 95% CI, 5.63–9.79) and current cigarette smoking (OR = 7.88; 95% CI, 6.01–10.32). For 2011 study participants, current cigarette smokers who had ever used e-cigarettes were more likely to intend to quit smoking within the next year (OR = 1.53; 95% CI, 1.03–2.28). Among cigarette experimenters and ever cigarette smokers, ever e-cigarette use and current e-cigarette use was associated with lower odds of abstinence from cigarettes at 30 days, 6 months, and 1 year. The investigators conclude that e-cigarettes do not discourage use, and may be encouraging use, of conventional cigarettes among US adolescents. They suggest that their results contradict claims that e-cigarettes are effective as smoking cessation aids. Dr Wong has disclosed no financial relationship relevant to this commentary. This commentary does not contain a discussion of an unapproved/investigative use of a commercial product/device. Adult and youth e-cigarette use has been rapidly rising. In another analysis of the NYTS data, e-cigarette use among youth in grades 6 to 12 doubled, from 3.3% in 2011 to 6.8% in 2012.1 With these increasing rates, the public debate on the impact of e-cigarettes and other electronic nicotine delivery systems on public health has intensified. Other nicotine delivery systems include emerging e-cigarette-like devices marketed under different names, such as “e-hookahs” or “vape pipes,” which may result in considerable underestimates of youth e-cigarette use.2 While e-cigarettes contain fewer toxins and lower levels of these toxins compared to conventional cigarettes, they... You do not currently have access to this content.