Index Of Functional Capacity Research Articles

Right Atrial Deformation in Predicting Outcomes in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension.

Elevated right atrial (RA) pressure is a risk factor for mortality, and RA size is prognostic of adverse outcomes in pulmonary hypertension (PH). There is limited data on phasic RA function (reservoir, conduit, and pump) in pediatric PH. We sought to evaluate (1) the RA function in pediatric PH patients compared with controls, (2) compare the RA deformation indices with Doppler indices of diastolic dysfunction, functional capacity, biomarkers, invasive hemodynamics, and right ventricular functional indices, and (3) evaluate the potential of RA deformation indices to predict clinical outcomes. Sixty-six PH patients (mean age 7.9±4.7 years) were compared with 36 controls (7.7±4.4 years). RA and right ventricular deformation indices were obtained using 2-dimensional speckle tracking (2DCPA; TomTec, Germany). RA strain, strain rates, emptying fraction, and right ventricular longitudinal strain were measured. RA function was impaired in PH patients versus controls (P<0.001). There were significant associations between RA function with invasive hemodynamics (P<0.01). RA reservoir, pump function, the rate of RA filling, and atrial minimum volume predicted adverse clinical outcomes (hazard ratio [HR], 0.15; confidence interval [CI], 0.03-0.73; P<0.01; HR, 0.05; CI, 0.003-0.43; P<0.004; HR, 0.04; CI, 0.006-0.56; P<0.01; and HR, 8.6; CI, 1.6-37.2; P<0.01, respectively). RA deformation properties are significantly altered in pediatric PH patients. Progressive worsening of RA reservoir and conduit functions is related to changes in right ventricular diastolic dysfunction. RA reservoir function, pump function, the rate of atrial filling, and atrial minimum volume emerged as outcome predictors in pediatric PH.

Mechanisms contributing to gait speed and metabolic cost in children with unilateral cerebral palsy

BackgroundGait speed and metabolic cost are indicators of functional capacity in children with cerebral palsy. Uncovering their mechanisms helps guide therapeutic actions. ObjectivesTo investigate the contributions of energy-generating and energy-conserving mechanisms to gait speed and metabolic cost of children with unilateral cerebral palsy. MethodsData on eccentric and concentric muscle work, co-contraction, elastic torque and vertical stiffness of the affected-limb, forcing torque of the non-affected limb, gait speed and metabolic cost were collected from 14 children with unilateral cerebral palsy, aged 6–12 years. Analyses included two groups of multiple regression models. The first group of models tested the association between each dependent variable (i.e., speed and metabolic cost) and the independent variables that met the input criteria. The second group verified the contribution of the non-selected biomechanical variables on the predictors of the first model. ResultsGait speed (R2=0.80) was predicted by elastic torque (β=0.62; 95%CI: 0.60, 0.63), vertical stiffness (β=−0.477; 95%CI: −0.479, −0.474) and knee co-contraction (β=0.27; 95%CI: −1.96, 2.49). The production of eccentric work by the affected limb proved relevant in adjusting the vertical stiffness (R2=0.42; β=−0.64; 95%CI: 0.86, −0.42); elastic torque of the affected-leg was associated with impulsive torque of the non-affected leg (R2=0.31; β=0.55; 95%CI: 0.46, 0.64). Metabolic cost of gait (R2=0.48) was partially predicted by knee co-contraction (β=0.69; 95%CI: 0.685, 0.694). ConclusionsThe chain of associations revealed by the two steps models helped uncover the mechanisms involved in the locomotion of children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Intervention that changes specific energy conserving and generating mechanisms may improve gait of these children.

The association between self-rated health and functional capacity indicators

The association between self-rated health and functional capacity indicators

Effect of Chronic Lower Limb Heating on Indices of Vascular Function and Functional Capacity in Aged Humans

In aged adults, acute lower limb heating increases leg blood flow, vascular shear stress, and improves macro- and microvascular dilator function. However, the effect of chronic lower limb heating on indices of vascular function and functional capacity remains unclear. PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that chronic lower limb heating improves macro- and microvascular dilator function and functional capacity in aged adults. METHODS: Five healthy aged adults (4 females; age 66 ± 4 years; height 163 ± 4 cm; weight 68 ± 7 kg; mean ± SD) were exposed to 8 weeks of chronic lower limb heating. Subjects immersed their lower limbs ~33 cm into a heated (~ 42°C) and circulated water bath 4 days per week, for 45 min per session. Prior to and after the chronic limb heating regimen, duplex ultrasonography was used to assess macro- (flow-mediated dilation) and microvascular (3 min reactive hyperemia area under the curve) dilator function in the superficial femoral artery following 5 min of arterial occlusion. Functional capacity was assessed via a 6 min walk test. Rating of perceived exertion (Borg scale) was also recorded immediately following the walk test. RESULTS: Chronic lower limb heating improved macrovascular dilator function (pre 1.9 ± 0.2% vs. post 3.2 ± 0.2%; P = 0.01), while microvascular dilator function tended to increase (pre 468 ± 89 ml vs. post 562 ± 131 ml; P = 0.09). Likewise, distance covered during the 6 min walk test tended to increase following chronic heating (pre 629 ± 36 m vs. post 665 ± 32 m; P = 0.06), whereas rating of perceived exertion did not differ (pre 12 ± 1 vs. post 13 ± 1; P = 0.4). CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, chronic lower limb heating improves macrovascular dilator function in aged adults, while perhaps improving microvascular dilator function and functional capacity, despite a similar perceived effort. These data suggest that chronic lower limb heating may be an effective therapy to reduce cardiovascular disease risk in aged adults by improving vascular health and functional capacity. Funded by National Institutes of Health (GM-068865 & GM-117693).

Relative Effectiveness of Exercise Training, Versus Pharmacotherapies in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Meta-Analysis Focussing on Exercise Outcomes

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is a common disorder, associated with congestive episodes, and/or symptoms attributable to heart failure. No therapy has been shown to improve long-term outcomes. However, as exertional intolerance is a major symptom burden, numerous Phase II studies have utilised exercise endpoints as an indicator of benefit. Methods: We undertook a quantitative review of studies published as of October 2016 by searching PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov, combining terms related to the population (i.e. HFpEF) with terms for the outcomes (e.g, VO2peak, aerobic capacity, etc.). Random effects meta-analysis on the mean difference in raw change scores was performed with subgroup analysis for exercise and pharmaceutical studies. Results: Five exercise and 10 pharmaceutical trials were included the meta-analysis of aerobic capacity (VO2peak and 6 minute walk distance [6MWD]). For exercise studies, exercise training duration ranged from 6-16 weeks and included aerobic based regimes performed 2-3 times per week at 40-70% of VO2peak. Pharmaceutical trials examined ivabradine, sildenafil, ACE-inhibition, angiotensin receptor blockade, beta-adrenergic antagonists and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. On average, exercise increased VO2peak by 2.41 ml/kg/min, (95% CI: 1.8, 3.02) while pharmaceutical interventions did not exhibit any effect (-0.04 ml/kg/min, 95% CI: -0.64, 0.56). 6MWD was improved following exercise by 39 m (95% CI: 13, 65), but not by pharmaceutical intervention (-4 m; 95% CI: -16, 7). Conclusion: Exercise training exhibited a strong effect on indices of functional capacity. In contrast, the pharmacotherapies tested thus far do not improve exercise tolerance.

Inglês

Human aging is a natural process of changes in various systems of the body. Such alterations, among other aspects, areresults of degenerative wear that diminish and limit functional capacity. Flexibility, directly related to body mobility, is one of theseaspects of functional capacity. The life expectancy of humans is now increasing. Studies indicate that lifestyle is an important aspectassociated with the aging process, and thus longevity. Adopting a healthy lifestyle of an individual can minimize or delay thedeleterious effects of aging. The practice of physical activity as one of the components of a healthy lifestyle contributes to maintainingflexibility as well as improving quality of life. The purpose of this study was to present and discuss the results of the evaluation of theflexibility of the lower and upper limbs of a group of elderly participants in SESC/Rondonia activities. A Documentary-descriptivequantitativestudy was carried out from data collected by theAssistanceProgram- TSI SESC/Rondonia. Data were collected in 2015,with 10 elderly individuals between 60 and 79 years of age, of both sexes, from the municipality of Vilhena/RO. The team followed theprotocol used in the Leisure Program Sports Physical Development/DEF andSESC / TSI program proposal. For the assessment offlexibility, the Fullerton physical fitness test was used. The same theoretical reference was used to classify the results. For statisticalanalysis, the participants were organized in groups: from 60 to 69 years; And from 70 to 79 years. The following statistical tests wereperformed: F test for variance analysis; And T test for equivalence of the means of both groups. The findings indicated that the levels offlexibility of the elderly, both lower and upper limbs are in the Very Poor classification, indicating a deficit in this indicator of functionalcapacity.

Additional predictive value of nutritional status in the prognostic assessment of heart failure patients

Background and aimsNutritional status (NS) is not routinely assessed in HF. We sought to evaluate whether NS may be additive to a comprehensive pre-discharge evaluation based on a clinical score that includes BMI (MAGGIC) and on an index of functional capacity (six minute walking test, 6mWT) in HF patients. Methods and resultsThe CONUT (Controlling Nutritional Status) score (including serum albumin level, total cholesterol and lymphocyte count) was computed in 466 consecutive patients (mean age 61 ± 11 years, NYHA class 2.6 ± 0.6, LVEF 34 ± 11%, BMI 27.2 ± 4.5) who had pre-discharge MAGGIC and 6MWT. The endpoint was all-cause mortality. Mild or moderate undernourishment was present in 54% of patients with no differences across BMI strata. The 12-month event rate was 7.7%. Deceased patients had a more compromised NS (CONUT 2.8 ± 1.5 vs 1.7 ± 1.3, p < 0.0001), and a more advanced HF (MAGGIC 28.2 ± 6.0 vs 22.0 ± 6.6, p < 0.0001; 6MWT 311.1 ± 102.2 vs. 408.9 ± 95.9 m, p < 0.0001). The 12-month mortality rate varied from 4% for well-nourished to 11% for undernourished patients (p = 0.008). At univariate analysis, the CONUT was predictive for all-cause mortality with a Hazard Ratio of 1.701 [95% CI 1.363–2.122], p < 0.0001. Multivariable analysis showed that the CONUT significantly added to the combination of MAGGIC and 6MWT and improved predictive discrimination and risk classification (c-index 0.82 [95% CI 0.75–0.88], integrated discrimination improvement 0.028 [95% CI 0.015–0.081]). ConclusionsIn HF patients assessment of NS, significantly improves prediction of 12-month mortality on top of the information provided by clinical evaluation and functional capacity and should be incorporated in the overall assessment of HF patients.

The impact of ageing, physical activity, and pre-frailty on skeletal muscle phenotype, mitochondrial content, and intramyocellular lipids in men.

BackgroundThe exact impact of ageing on skeletal muscle phenotype and mitochondrial and lipid content remains controversial, probably because physical activity, which greatly influences muscle physiology, is rarely accounted for. The present study was therefore designed to investigate the effects of ageing, physical activity, and pre‐frailty on skeletal muscle phenotype, and mitochondrial and intramyocellular lipid content in men.MethodsRecreationally active young adult (20–30 yo; YA); active (ACT) and sedentary (SED) middle‐age (50–65 yo; MA‐ACT and MA‐SED); and older (65 + yo; 65 + ACT and 65 + SED) and pre‐frail older (65 + PF) men were recruited. Muscle biopsies from the vastus lateralis were collected to assess, on muscle cross sections, muscle phenotype (using myosin heavy chain isoforms immunolabelling), the fibre type‐specific content of mitochondria (by quantifying the succinate dehydrogenase stain intensity), and the fibre type‐specific lipid content (by quantifying the Oil Red O stain intensity).ResultsOnly 65 + SED and 65 + PF displayed significantly lower overall and type IIa fibre sizes vs. YA. 65 + SED displayed a lower type IIa fibre proportion vs. YA. MA‐SED and 65 + SED displayed a higher hybrid type IIa/IIx fibre proportion vs. YA. Sedentary and pre‐frail, but not active, men displayed lower mitochondrial content irrespective of fibre type vs. YA. 65 + SED, but not 65 + ACT, displayed a higher lipid content in type I fibres vs. YA. Finally, mitochondrial content, but not lipid content, was positively correlated with indices of muscle function, functional capacity, and insulin sensitivity across all subjects.ConclusionsTaken altogether, our results indicate that ageing in sedentary men is associated with (i) complex changes in muscle phenotype preferentially affecting type IIa fibres; (ii) a decline in mitochondrial content affecting all fibre types; and (iii) an increase in lipid content in type I fibres. They also indicate that physical activity partially protects from the effects of ageing on muscle phenotype, mitochondrial content, and lipid accumulation. No skeletal specific muscle phenotype of pre‐frailty was observed.

Kardiale Evaluation vor nicht herzchirurgischen Eingriffen - Nach den ESA-Leitlinien von 2014

Before non-cardiac surgery, evaluation of cardiac function is no frequent part of surgical treatment. European societies of anesthesiology and cardiology published consensus-guidelines in 2014 to present a reasonable approach for preoperative evaluation. This paper intends to differentiate the composite of perioperative risk and to display the guidelines methodical approach to handle it. Features to identify patients at risk from an ageing population with comorbidities, are the classification of surgical risk, functional capacity and risk indices. Application of diagnostic means, should be used adjusted to this risk estimation. Cardiac biomarkers are useful to discover risk of complications or mortality, that cannot be assessed by clinical signs. After preoperative optimization and perioperative cardiac protection, the observation of the postoperative period remains, to prohibit complications or even death. In consideration of limited resources of intensive care department, postoperative ward rounds beyond intensive care units are considered to be an appropriate instrument to avoid or recognize complications early to reduce postoperative mortality.

Costo fisiológico de marcha confortable según el nivel socioeconómico en adultos mayores autovalentes de la comunidad en Talca, Chile

Introduction : Elderly functionality is conditioned by social, economic and cultural aspects. The Comfortable Gait Speed (cgs) is considered the most specific indicator of functional capacity, reflecting an associated Physiological Cost (fc). Under this scenario, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the Comfortable Gait Physiologic Cost (cgpc) according to Socioeconomic Status (ses) in self-reliant elderly. Materials and methods : 75 self-reliant elderly were classified into medium-low and medium-high SES levels. Each participant was asked to walk naturally for three minutes on an elliptical track. Traveled distance and heart rate were recorded every 15 seconds for the Physiological Cost Index (pci) calculation. Furthermore, the significant increase from baseline pci was established as the Critical Physiological Point (cpp). Results : There was no difference in the pci in relation to the sse (p = 0.885). However, it was higher in women (≈0,3 lat / m) when compared to men (≈ 0.2 beats/m; p < 0.001). The traveled distance was about 200 meters in both ses and gender, showing higher in the medium-low SES for the male versus the female group (p = 0.009). In women the cpp appears 15 seconds earlier in the medium-high ses, while in men the pci remains stable throughout the test. Conclusions : The ses does not influence the cgpc in self-reliant elderly; however gender is confirmed as the main factor in its translation. Methodological cpp inclusion is recommended given its relevance to the analysis of gait efficiency.

Influence of Food Supplements Linchzhi and Fohow Oral Liquid Complex on Athletes’ Body

At certain stages of sporting activity where great training loads prevail, athletes’ food must be supplemented by the products bearing higher biologic value. However, widely used food supplements do not always provide the desired effect, as it occurs rather often that biologically active substances, found in the supplements, cause the side effect and thus are not able to fulfill the desirable body bioregulation. Natural and rich in biologically active food substances products are to be found. The greater attention is paid to the food supplements products using cordyceps (Cordyceps sinensis) and linchzhi (Gonoderma lucidum), shiitake (Lentinus edodes) mushrooms. The growing attention of the scientists and clinics practitioners towards the curing mushrooms based remedies worldwide is related to the detected unique immunomodulation and cytoprotective effect of these extracts. Review of literature sources provide clear evidence on the benefits of Cordyceps sinensis and Gonoderma lucidum consumption, as well as on their basis produced Fohow Oral Liquid, used for treatment of various diseases. However, the number of scientific researches dealing with the influence of these food supplements on healthy subjects’ body is not sufficient yet. The aim of this work was to carry out the study on natural food supplements Fohow Linchzhi capsules, produced by ‘Fohow Health Products Co’ company, and Fohow Oral Liquid complex’s influence on athletes’ body. The research, aimed at establishing the influence of Linchzhi capsules and Fohow Oral Liquid complex (produced by Chinese company ‘Fohow’) on athletes’ body and functional capacity, as well as on blood morphological and biochemical changes, embraced the students of Lithuanian University of Educational Sciences, engaged into the program of Physical Education. These students combine both their training and studying processes. 28 investigated students participated in the research, their age varied from 20 to 23 years. The investigated were split into experimental and control groups. Members of the experimental group, made from 15 investigated subjects, used to consume the complex of food supplements for 20 days. The complex consisted of one Linchzhi capsule (620 mg) and 30 ml of Fohow Oral Liquid. The members of the control group, compiled from 13 investigated subjects, did not consume any food supplements. The first testing was carried out before the intake of food supplements, and the second testing was performed in 4–5 days after having finished food supplements complex consumption for 20 days period. During the research there were measured body development, muscle power in various energy production zones, psychomotor functions, functional capacity, blood morphological and biochemical indices. The research data were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics. According to the research results, consumption of natural biologically active food supplements Linchzhi and Fohow Oral Liquid complex for 20 days had positive influence on single muscle contraction power, anaerobic alactic glycolytic power of the investigated; statistically significant increase of the latter was established during the experimental period. The food supplements complex had a positive impact on the functional condition of blood respiratory system of the investigated. Ruffier index of the experimental group members during the period of food supplements consumption used to increase from 6.4 ± 0.6 to 4.4 ± 0.7, while resting heart rate decreased from 65.6 ± 1.7 to 58.9 ± 2.0 b/min. After the carried standard physical work, pulse rate decreased from 128.5 ± 2.4 till 118.4 ± 2.5 b/min (p < 0.01). Aerobic capacity of the athletes has increased due to the food supplements consumption: VO2max shifted from 42.0 ± 8.2 to 49.7 ± 7.8 ml/min/kg (p < 0.05). During the period of the experiment, there were no significant changes established in blood morphological and biochemical indices, and all the indices of the control group members were of less change. Keywords: food supplements, Linchzhi, Fohow Oral Liquid, physical working capacity, functional capacity. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/sm.2016.9

Initial dual oral combination therapy in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Treatment for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has been underpinned by single-agent therapy to which concomitant drugs are added sequentially when pre-defined treatment goals are not met.This retrospective analysis of real-world clinical data in 97 patients with newly diagnosed PAH (86% in NewYork Heart Association functional class III-IV) explored initial dual oral combination treatment with bosentan plus sildenafil (n=61), bosentan plus tadalafil (n=17), ambrisentan plus tadalafil (n=11) or ambrisentan plus sildenafil (n=8).All regimens were associated with significant improvements in functional class, exercise capacity, dyspnoea and haemodynamic indices after 4 months of therapy. Over a median follow-up period of 30 months, 75 (82%) patients were still alive, 53 (71%) of whom received only dual oral combination therapy. Overall survival rates were 97%, 94% and 83% at 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively, and 96%, 94% and 84%, respectively, for the patients with idiopathic PAH, heritable PAH and anorexigen-induced PAH. Expected survival rates calculated from the French equation for the latter were 86%, 75% and 66% at 1, 2 and 3 years, respectively.Initial combination of oral PAH-targeted medications may offer clinical benefits, especially in PAH patients with severe haemodynamic impairment.

Influence of Postoperative Anemia on Functional Capacity Recovery in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

Background: Postoperative anemia (PPA) is a prevalent comorbidity after cardiac surgery. This study investigated the association between functional capacity (FC) recovery and postoperative anemia (PPA). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 120 patients who received coronary artery bypass grafting. The lowest hemoglobin (Hb) data during hospitalization was collected. We divided the patients into two groups on the basis of hemoglobin (Hb) median value, defined as severe and mild anemia group. Peak oxygen consumption based on the results of a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPXT) after discharge was used as the primary index of functional capacity (FC). For data analysis, T-test and Chi-Square test were used to compare group differences. Logistic regression was performed to compare the functional capacity recovery between groups. Linear regression was used to identify the effects of post-operation infusion in advanced. Statistical significance was a P value of 0.05. Results: Most of the patients were men (73.3%), and the mean age was 64.3 ± 10.5 years. All the patients had postoperative anemia (PPA) during hospitalization. The median value of lowest hemoglobin (Hb) during hospitalization was 8.8 g/dL. Patients in mild anemia group had 3.2-fold higher odds of functional capacity (FC) recovery to 3.5 METs when they discharge from hospital. Even post-operation infusion was given the severe anemia patients would still had worse functional capacity (FC) recovery. Conclusions: Powered by Editorial Manager® and ProduXion Manager® from Aries Systems Corporation Postoperative anemia (PPA) is a notable problem in CABG patients. Patients who have hemoglobin (Hb) levels <8.8 g/dL during hospitalization may not attain the expectedfunctional capacity (FC) after discharge.

The effect of walking path configuration on six-minute walk test performance and gait variability: A pilot study

E-mail address: cleveland.barnett@ntu.ac.uk (C.T. Barnett). Introduction and aim: Gait variability reflects the inherent stability of gait resulting frompathologyor ageing [1],while assessments such as the six-minute walk test (6MWT) provide an overall indicator of functional capacity [2]. Accuratemeasurement of these gait characteristics is important for clinical decision making and the reporting of valid research data. However, variation in the configuration of gait trials, such as walkway lengths, number of trials/strides recorded and familiarisation protocols, are proposed to impact upon the key outcome measures associated with these gait characteristics [3,4]. Therefore, the current study investigated the effect ofwalkway configuration on 6MWTperformance and the variability of temporal–spatial gait measures. Patients, materials andmethods: Sixteen healthy participants (age 22.1±1.0 years, height 1.78±0.07m, mass 76.8±9.4 kg), completed two familiarisation 6MWT trials according to the American Thoracic Society guidelines [2]. Participants then completed five randomly ordered experimental 6MWT trials over two days with walkway configurations of 5m (5M), 10m (10M) and 15m (15M) straight sections, a rectangular box (6×3m) (BOX) and figure of eight incorporating two 10m straight sections (FIG8). During these trials, reflectivemarkerswere attached to the sacrumand the posterior and anterior aspects of the feetwith kinematic data being recorded at 100Hz by a nine-cameramotion capture system (Qualisys, Gothenburg, SE). Data were processed in Visual 3D (C-Motion, Inc., Germantown, USA) with the variability of temporal–spatial measures calculated. Results: Preliminary analysis of the data indicated that a decreasing need to turn and change direction, increased the 6MWT distance achieved (F(4,60) =101.97, p<0.001, p = 0.87) (Table 1). Post-hoc tests revealed that the greatest 6MWT distance was achieved during 15M and FIG8 trials (p=0.01), with the 5M trial resulting in a lower 6MWTdistancewhen compared to all other trials (p<0.01).Walking speedwas also increased,with the decreased need to change direction (F(4,60) =102.89, p<0.001, p = 0.87) (Table 1). Similarly, post-hoc tests revealed that the greatest walking speed was observed during the 15M and FIG8 trials (p=0.01) and the lowest during the 5M trial (p≤0.02). Although the number of strides participants took also increased with a reduced need to change direction (F(4,60) =7.93, p<0.001, p = 0.35) (Table 1), this effectwas reduced across trials, with amaximumdifference of 10.5 strides between 15M and 5M trials. Discussion and conclusions: Results indicated that walkway configuration had a significant effect on 6MWT performance. Increased uninterrupted gait i.e. reduced turning, resulted in

The state of development and relations of coordination abilities of primary school pupils who belong to special medical group

Kushnir Yana. The state of development and relations of coordination abilities of primary school pupils who belong to special medical group. Journal of Education, Health and Sport . 2015;5(11):441-452 . ISSN 2391-8306 . DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.34296 http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%2811%29%3A441-452 https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/672998 Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011–2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja. Specyfika i zawartośc merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie. Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., ze w roku 2014 nie bedzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktow co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r. The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014). © The Author (s) 2015; This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, Poland Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper. Received: 25.09.2015. Revised 25.10.2015. Accepted: 24.11.2015. THE STATE OF DEVELOPMENT AND RELATIONS OF COORDINATION ABILITIES OF PRIMARY SCHOOL PUPILS WHO BELONG TO SPECIAL MEDICAL GROUP Yana Kushnir Lesya Ukrainka Eastern European National University The results of the study show that the indices of physical development of pupils who belong to special medical group are within the age norms. The correlative relations are found between the indices of physical state of pupils. The anthropometric indices that are within the limits (r = 0,50; r = 0,81) are the most interconnected. They have somewhat fewer number of dependencies with the indices of physical conditioning and functional capacity of the organism (r = 0,35; r = 0,55). Some reverse relations between the indices that are within the limits (r = - 0,51; r = - 0,54) show the necessary of the development and improvement of coordination abilities. Keywords: coordination, primary school pupils, special medical group, physical development, functional ability, physical conditioning.

A case control study of association between cognition and functional capacity in schizophrenia

BackgroundCognitive functions are important prognostic factors for schizophrenia (SZ), while ability to perform activities of daily living are important measures of functional capacity. The relationship between cognition and functional capacity has not been tested extensively in India. ObjectiveTo compare persons with SZ with controls on measures of cognition and functional capacity, and evaluate correlations between cognitive performance and functional capacity. MethodSchizophrenia outpatients and controls without psychiatric illness (DSM IV) who completed the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery and Functional Assessment Battery comprised of two tests from University of California San Diego (UCSD) Performance Based Skill Assessment (UPSA), one Test of Adaptive Behavior in Schizophrenia (TABS) and one test from University of California San Diego Performance Based Skill Assessment Brief edition (UPSA-B). Cognitive and functional domains were examined using regression analyses, with relevant covariates. ResultsCases (N=51) though younger, were more educated than controls (N=41). Adjusting for education, controls performed better than cases in 3/7 cognitive and 4/5 domains of functional capacity but similarly in ‘household management’. Among both cases and controls, cognitive measures of verbal learning and speed of processing overlapped with functional capacity (3 domains). Working memory was associated with one functional domain. ConclusionsConsistent with other studies, Indian patients with schizophrenia performed worse than controls on several domains of cognition and functional capacity; these domains were correlated. Speed of processing and verbal learning are most frequently associated with functional capacity indices and should be targeted to improve skills of daily living among persons with SZ.

Functional capacity and heart rate response: associations with nocturnal hypertension.

BackgroundAbsences of normative, 10–20 % declines in blood pressure (BP) at night, termed nocturnal non-dipping, are linked to increased cardiovascular mortality risks. Current literature has linked these absences to psychological states, hormonal imbalance, and disorders involving hyper-arousal. This study focuses on evaluating associations between nocturnal non-dipping and indices of functional cardiac capacity and fitness.MethodsThe current study was a cross-sectional evaluation of the associations between physical capacity variables e.g. Metabolic Equivalent (MET) and Maximum Heart Rate (MHR), Heart rate reserve (HRR), and degree of reduction in nocturnal systolic blood pressure (SBP) or diastolic blood pressure (DBP), also known as ‘dipping’. The study sample included 96 cardiac patient participants assessed for physical capacity and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. In addition to evaluating differences between groups on nocturnal BP ‘dipping’, physical capacity, diagnoses, and medications, linear regression analyses were used to evaluate potential associations between nocturnal SBP and DBP ‘dipping’, and physical capacity indices.Results45 males and 14 females or 61.5 % of 96 consented participants met criteria as non-dippers (<10 % drop in nocturnal BP). Although non-dippers were older (p = .01) and had a lower maximum heart rate during the Bruce stress test (p = .05), dipping was only significantly associated with Type 2 Diabetes co-morbidity and was not associated with type of medication. Within separate linear regression models controlling for participant sex, MHR (β = 0.26, p = .01, R2 = .06), HRR (β = 0. 19, p = .05, R2 = .05), and METs (β = 0.21, p = .04, R2 = .04) emerged as significant but small predictors of degree of nighttime SBP dipping. Similar relationships were not observed for DBP.ConclusionsSince the variables reflecting basic heart function and fitness (MHR and METs), did not account for appreciable variances in nighttime BP, nocturnal hypertension appears to be a complex, multi-faceted phenomena.

Fundamental Features of 16–18 Years Old Road Cyclists’ Training

Lithuanian young cyclists are the winners of various international road cycling events, however, methodic of their preparation, change of their body development, as well as of body and functional capacity indices during yearly training cycle have been of little investigation yet. To have as many as possible objective criteria, helping to ensure a more fluent optimization of road cyclists’ training process and observation of change in their preparedness, it is relevant to carry out investigation on basic features of preparedness and training sessions, so that later on this data would be of use in improving preparation of young road cyclists.&#x0D; The aim of the work was to carry out analysis on young road cyclists’ preparation, change in their body and functional capacities in yearly training cycle, and to provide the summarized results.&#x0D; The results of the research highlighted good preparation of young Lithuanian cyclists in organizational aspect. Training load in yearly cycle reached 1 213 hours, work on road compiled 1006 hours, work on special cycle ergo meter – 118 hours, and 156 hours were allocated for general preparation. In one year, young athletes participated in 437 training sessions, and during them they overcame 22 115 km by bicycle. Muscle power indices of the investigated when performing short duration work did not experience change during the period of investigation. This typical for road cyclists feature was evidenced, confirming the fact that such physical ability is not characteristic to road cyclists. Young cyclists’ indices of special working capacity and indices of blood respiratory system functional capacity used to increase significantly in yearly training cycle.&#x0D; The cyclists, who participated in our research, were successful at Lithuanian and international competitions. The athletes’ demonstrated results testimony the appropriately balanced program of their training, and the progress of the athletes’ body and functional power during yearly training cycle. This allows presuming that these athletes have favorable perspectives to perfect their mastership in future.

Portugues

INTRODUCTION: The aging process associated with sedentary lifestyle becomes a concern when analyzing the risk of chronic degenerative diseases. Knowing the benefits of physical activity for health is common to see groups of elderly people seeking a more active life. Thus we sought to know the real effects of systematic training of gymnastics in the functional components of elderly in Triunfo-PE.OBJECTIVE: Identify the effects of gymnastics training on components of functional fitness of elderly in Triumph-PE.METHODOLOGY: Ten (10) elderly subjects were selected from sixty (60) to eighty (80) years. A physical assessment using as reference the battery of Furlleton test was performed. After twelve (12) weeks to re adopted the same procedures used at the beginning of the study was performed. In the analysis, the data of the two assessments were compared by observing the standard deviation between the values obtained in both tests.RESULTS AND DISCURTIONS: After twelve (12) weeks no loss of sampling so that the ten (10) participants of the 3rd age group underwent reassessment. All data collected showed improvement in indices of functional capacity after 12 weeks except for the agility and dynamic balance that exhibit a reduction in the indices obtained from revaluation.CONCLUSION: Systematic training of gymnastics performed between 12 weeks caused positive changes in force levels lower and upper, flexible members, as well as cardiorespiratory fitness. However the training did not influence significantly the levels of agility and dynamic balance, thus causing a reduction in this component in the elderly evaluated.

(835) - Predictors of Physical Activity in a Pre-Lung Transplant Population

Physical activity level (PAL) can be used as an indicator of functional capacity in evaluating a potential candidate’s suitability for lung transplantation. However, there is little evidence describing physical activity in transplant candidates. Therefore, the study aims were to determine the profile of physical activity in participants with cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) being assessed for lung transplant; and to determine the predictors of PAL.