Indian Institute Of Technology Kharagpur Research Articles

Traditions of Learning and Role of Teachers: An Indian Perspective

A school teacher, also known as an educator, is a person who helps students acquire knowledge, skills or virtues through the practice of teaching. Informally, anyone can take on the role of a teacher (e.g. showing a colleague how to do a particular task). In some countries, teaching of school-age young people may take place in an informal setting, such as within the family (home schooling), rather than in a formal setting such as a school or college. Some other professions may involve a significant amount of teaching (e.g. youth workers, pastors). In most countries, formal teaching of pupils is usually provided by paid professional teachers. This article focuses on those whose main role is to teach others in a formal educational context, such as a school or other place of initial formal education or training. It also discusses the role of the teacher in Indian tradition and in modern education, using the examples of Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University and the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. The paper concludes with the authors' observations, suggesting that education policy needs to be reshaped, with emphasis on improving professional training in government institutions and universities, and developing partnerships between industry and academia. Teaching is a highly complex activity. This is partly because teaching is a social practice that takes place in a specific context (time, place, culture, socio-political-economic situation, etc.) and is therefore shaped by the values of that specific context. Factors that influence what is expected (or required) of teachers includes history and tradition, social views of the purpose of education, accepted theories of learning, etc.

A Highly Chemically Robust 3D Interpenetrated MOF Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Hantzsch 1,4-Dihydropyridines and Drug Molecules.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted immense attention as efficient heterogeneous catalysts over other solid catalysts, however, their chemical environment instability often limits their catalytic potential. Herein, utilizing a flexible unexplored tetra-acid ligand and employing the mixed ligand approach, a 3D interpenetrated robust framework is strategically developed, IITKGP-51 (IITKGP stands for Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur), which retained its crystallinity over a wide range of pH solution (4-12). Having ample open metal sites (OMSs), IITKGP-51 is explored as a heterogeneous catalyst in one-pot Hantzsch condensation reaction, with low catalyst loading for a broad range of substrates. The synthesis of drug molecules remains one of the most significant and emergent areas of organic and medicinal chemistry. Considering such practical utility, biologically important Nemadipine B and Nifedipine drug molecules (calcium channel protein inhibitor) are synthesized for the first time by using this catalyst and fully characterized via SC-XRD and other spectroscopic methods. This report inaugurates the usage of a MOF material as a catalyst for the synthesis of drug molecules.

PH-Stable Zn(II) Coordination Polymer as a Multiresponsive Turn-On and Turn-Off Fluorescent Sensor for Aqueous Medium Detection of Al(III) and Cr(VI) Oxo-Anions.

Nowadays, coordination polymers (CPs) are promising candidates as sensory materials for their high sensitivity, improved selectivity, fast responsive nature, as well as good recyclability. However, poor chemical stability often makes their practical usage limited. Herein, employing a mixed ligand approach, we constructed a chemically robust CP, {[Zn2L2(DPA)2]·3H2O}n (IITKGP-70, IITKGP stands for the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur), which exhibited excellent framework robustness not only in water but also over a broad range of pH solutions (pH = 3-11). The developed framework displayed high selectivity and sensitivity for the detection of trivalent Al3+ ions and toxic hexavalent Cr(VI)-oxo anions in an aqueous medium. The developed framework exhibited an aqueous medium Al3+ turn-on phenomenon with a limit of detection (LOD) value of 1.29 μM, whereas a turn-off effect was observed for toxic oxo-anions (Cr2O72- and CrO42-) having LOD values of 0.27 and 0.71 μM, respectively. Both turn-on and turn-off mechanisms are speculated via spectroscopic methods coupled with several ex situ studies. Such a multiresponsive nature (both turn-on and turn-off) for aqueous medium detection of targeted cations and anions simultaneously in a single platform coupled with high robustness, ease of scalability, recyclability, and fast-responsive nature makes IITKGP-70 highly fascinating as a sensory material for real-world applications.

Highly Robust Metal-Organic Framework for Efficiently Catalyzing Knoevenagel Condensation and the Strecker Reaction under Solvent-Free Conditions.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been recognized as one of the most promising porous materials and offer great opportunities for the rational design of new catalytic solids having great structural diversity and functional tunability. Despite numerous inherent merits, their chemical environment instability limits their practical usage and demands further exploration. Herein, by employing the mixed-ligand approach, we have designed and developed a robust 3D Co-MOF, [Co2(μ2-O)(TDC)2(L)(H2O)2]·2DMF (H2TDC = 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid, L = 3,3'-azobispyridine), IITKGP-50 (IITKGP stands for the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur), which exhibited excellent framework robustness not only in water but also in a wide range of aqueous pH solutions (pH = 2-12). Taking advantage of superior framework robustness and the presence of high-density open metal sites, IITKGP-50 was further explored in catalyzing the two-component Knoevenagel condensation reaction and three-component Strecker reactions. Moreover, to verify the size selectivity of IITKGP-50, smaller to bulkier substrates in comparison with the MOF's pore cavity (8.1 × 5.6 Å2) were employed, in which relatively lesser conversions for the sterically bulkier aldehyde derivatives confirmed that the catalytic cycle occurs inside the pore cavity. The easy scalability, lower catalyst loading compared to that of benchmark MOFs, magnificent conversion rate over a wide range of substrates, and excellent recyclability without significant performance loss made IITKGP-50 a promising heterogeneous catalyst candidate.

Stereochemistry: A three‐dimensional insight. By Anil V.Karnik and MohammedHasan, Elsevier, 2021. 594 pp., paperback $ 225. ISBN‐978‐0‐12‐821062‐8

ChiralityVolume 34, Issue 12 p. 1538-1539 BOOK REVIEW Stereochemistry: A three-dimensional insight. By Anil V. Karnik and Mohammed Hasan, Elsevier, 2021. 594 pp., paperback $ 225. ISBN-978-0-12-821062-8 Ashish Patwari, Ashish Patwari Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, IndiaSearch for more papers by this authorKiran R. Gore, Corresponding Author Kiran R. Gore [email protected] [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-2368-3022 Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India Correspondence Kiran R. Gore, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India. Email: [email protected], [email protected]Search for more papers by this author Ashish Patwari, Ashish Patwari Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, IndiaSearch for more papers by this authorKiran R. Gore, Corresponding Author Kiran R. Gore [email protected] [email protected] orcid.org/0000-0002-2368-3022 Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India Correspondence Kiran R. Gore, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India. Email: [email protected], [email protected]Search for more papers by this author First published: 28 September 2022 https://doi.org/10.1002/chir.23506Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume34, Issue12December 2022Pages 1538-1539 RelatedInformation

Highly scalable and pH stable 2D Ni-MOF-based composites for high performance supercapacitor

Supercapacitors are projected as one of the most promising candidates for next-generation energy storage devices. Herein, we strategically developed a microporous two-dimensional Ni-metal organic framework (MOF: IITKGP-20A, IITKGP stands for the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur) which is highly scalable and thermodynamically stable over a wide pH range (2–10), intended for energy storage applications. Graphene oxide (GO) with different wt% (3, 5, and 7) was introduced with the MOF precursors to form in-situ MOF@GO composites (IITKGP-20A-GO3, IITKGP-20A-GO5, and IITKGP-20A-GO7 respectively), out of which IITKGP-20A-GO3 exhibits significantly high specific capacitance value (∼840 F g−1 at 2 A g−1), which is one of the highest among the bare MOFs and their composites/derived materials. To verify its practical potentiality as positive electrode material, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) device was fabricated displaying the specific capacitance of 111.4 F g−1 at a current density of 2 A g−1 while maintaining a high specific capacity of 65 F g−1 even at a higher current density of 10 A g−1. Moreover, the device produced 30.7 W h kg−1 (0.031 W h cm−3) energy density with a very high power density of 388.5 W kg−1 (0.394 W cm−3) with excellent retention of 84% cycle life up to 7000 cycles.

Compliance modeling of a full 6-DOF series–parallel flexure-based Stewart platform-like micromanipulator

AbstractWith many micromanipulator designs emerging in micro and nanosystem applications, the element of compliance in the mechanisms is gaining attention. Several designs consider motions limited in a plane for high accuracy and repeatability as needed in micro/nano manipulation applications. Extending this to a full spatial configuration with coupled motions of series and parallel linkages with flexure joints of 1-degree-of-freedom (DOF) and 3-DOF needs a systematic analytical approach. One such approach for compliance analysis is presented in this article for a mechanism designed at Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. To validate the analytical models, finite element analysis simulations are performed with the help of the Abaqus-6.14 software package. Following the successful validation, the effect of structural parameters on the performance is presented with the help of the analytical expressions. We explore the performance of the mechanism with different dimensions of flexures of a particular type. Results indicate that the design with dissimilar dimensional parameters can give superior performance.

Comparative assessment of organic and inorganic tea leaf extract feeding on anxiety behaviour status of colchicine-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease.

Tea (Camellia sinensis), having anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and free radical scavenging properties, may be beneficial to prevent the symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this present study, field experiments using the productive tea clone (TV25) with four nutrient management treatments were conducted during 2015 to 2017 in the research farm of Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. The four nutrient management treatments were no application of fertilizer (control), organic fertilizer (OF), inorganic fertilizer (IF), and integration of OF and IF (IF + OF). The contents of different catechins of tea leaves grown under these treatments were measured using High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Tea leaf samples of these treatments were fed to the intracerebroventricular (ICV) colchicine administered rats. The animal study was double-blinded and randomized. Assessment of anxiety status was done for the rat model in an elevated open field with a novel object in two intervals (14-day and 21-day study). Anxiolytic behaviour with the lower corticosterone (CORT) level (82ng/ml) was observed in ICV colchicine administered rat models of AD. After feeding of organically and inorganically grown tea extract (10, 20, and 30mg/kg) for 14days and 21days, it was found that the anxiolytic behaviour decreased with the increased concentration of serum CORT. However, organic tea showed greater increase in CORT level (216.1ng/ml) as compared to inorganic tea (214ng/ml). Thus, this study showed organic tea may act as a favourable agent or adjuvant in the improvement of the anxiolytic behaviour in rat model of AD.

Bibliometric Investigation on Research Productivity in Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics in the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur during 2001-2020

The study attempts to initiate a bibliometric investigation on the publication trend of research articles of the Indian Institute of Technology(IIT) Kharagpur, the first of the IITs in India recognized as an Institute of National Importance and continued to play a vital role in extending quality education as well as pioneering innovative research in science and engineering. As per the data extracted from SCOPUS on 10.03.2021, IIT Kharagpur contributed 32892 research publications out of which 14130 research publications found in Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics (PCM) in the form of journal articles (11919) and conference paper (2211). The study intends to measure and analyze quantitatively the research productivity of IIT Kharagpur in basic subjects of science, i.e. Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics (PCM) on the basis of the research articles indexed in SCOPUS during last 20 years (2001-2020) with annual growth rate of publications, citations, h-index, authorship pattern, degree of collaboration and other relevant issues. The study also focused on top 15 most prolific authors in terms of productivity count as well as top most favoured sources of publication.

Power management of hybrid energy storage system in a standalone DC microgrid

Abstract Standalone microgrids with renewable energy sources (like solar photovoltaic and wind systems) utilize energy storage devices (ESDs) to supply uninterrupted power to their system loads. To utilize the characteristic advantages of different ESDs, they are combined to form a hybrid energy storage system (HESS). Efficient control algorithms are necessary for power sharing among the multiple ESDs in a HESS to ensure maximum utilization of all the storage devices in the microgrid. Conventional fuzzy logic controllers (FLCs) are used to decide the power output of an ESD considering state of charge (SoC) of the fuzzy controlled ESD and the overall power demand (or availability) in the microgrid. However in a standalone DC microgrid with multiple ESDs, such conventional FLC algorithms cause over or under utilization of the ESDs since the instantaneous SoC status of other ESDs are not considered in its control logic. Thus a novel adaptive FLC (AFLC) algorithm is proposed in this paper to dynamically change the controlling rules of the AFLC as per the average SoC of other ESDs of the microgrid. The performance of the proposed AFLC algorithm is compared with the conventional FLC algorithm on the basis of duration of discharge, average power delivered and utilization factor of the ESDs in a DC microgrid using real time simulation study in OPAL RT 4510 simulator. The merits of using the AFLC for power sharing among multiple ESDs are further validated through experimental study performed on a microgrid hardware setup at Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India.

Two Closely Related Zn(II)-MOFs for Their Large Difference in CO2 Uptake Capacities and Selective CO2 Sorption.

Two azo functionalized Zn(II)-based MOFs, {[Zn(SDB)(3,3'-L)0.5]·xG}n, IITKGP-13A, and {[Zn2(SDB)2(4,4'-L)]·xG}n, IITKGP-13B (IITKGP stands for Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur), have been constructed through the self-assembly of isomeric N,N'-donor spacers (3,3'-L = 3,3'-azobispyridine and 4,4'-L = 4,4'-azobispyridine) with organic ligand 4,4'-sulfonyldibenzoic acid (SDBH2) and Zn(NO3)2·6H2O (G represents disordered solvent molecules). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies reveal the 2D structure with sql topology for both MOFs. However, the subtle change in positions of coordinating N atoms of spacers makes IITKGP-13A noninterpenetrated, while IITKGP-13B bears a 2-fold interpenetrated structure. IITKGP-13A exhibits higher uptake of CO2 over CH4 and N2 with high IAST selectivities for mixed CO2/CH4 (50:50, biogas) and CO2/N2 (15:85, flue gas) gas systems. In contrast, IITKGP-13B takes up very low amount of CO2 gas (0.4 mmol g-1) compared to IITKGP-13A (1.65 mmol g-1) at 295 K. Density functional theory (DFT)-based electronic structure calculations have been performed to explain the origin of the large differences in CO2 uptake capacity between the two MOFs at the atomistic level. The results show that the value of the change in enthalpy (ΔH) at 298 K temperature and 1 bar pressure for the CO2 adsorption is more negative in IITKGP-13A as compared to that in IITKGP-13B, thus indicating that CO2 molecules are more favored to get adsorbed in IITKGP-13A than in IITKGP-13B. The computed values for the Gibbs' free energy change (ΔG) for the CO2 adsorption are positive for both of the MOFs, but a higher value is observed for the IITKGP-13B. The noncovalent types of interactions are the main contribution toward the attractive energies between the host MOF frameworks and guest CO2 molecules, which has been studied with the help of energy decomposition analysis (EDA).

Preface

SVKM's NMIMS, Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering, Shirpur Campus proudly hosted the second "International Conference on Emerging trends in Manufacturing, Engines and Modelling" from 23rd -24th December, 2019. It was jointly organized by the Department of Mechanical Engineering, MPSTME Shirpur Campus and Mumbai. The inaugural function of the conference was enlightened by the august presence of Mr. Ashutosh Pandey - MD and CEO, Mahindra First Choice Wheels as the Chief Guest, Dr. K.B. Patil - Director of SVKM's NMIMS, Dhule Campus as the Guest of Honour, Dr. R S Gaud- Director MPTP Shirpur Campus, Dr. Nikhlesh Kumar Sharma- Director (Engineering) & Chairman ICEMEM 2019, Dr. K. K. Gupta Co-Chairman ICEMEM 2019, Dr. Gowri Sankara Rao- Dean(SAST), Dr Narayan Chandak- Associate Dean, Dr Basant Kumar Mohanty Associate Dean (Research), Dr Ashwini Deshpande - Associate Dean (SPTM), Shri Rahul Dande- Chief Accountant and Administration, Dr Rakesh Choudhari- Head (Mechanical), Shri Rajeev Dalal- Deputy Registrar, All HOD's, Faculty members and more than 100 participants. The inaugural function commenced with the customary felicitation of the guests followed by the Saraswati Vandana. Dr. Nikhlesh Kumar Sharma, Director (Engineering Programs), MPSTME presented the welcome note to the guests, invited speakers, delegates and the participants. Dr. K.K. Gupta - Co-Chairman of the Conference briefed about the theme of the conference and presented the salient features of the event and expectations from them. Dr. R.S Gaud, Director, MPTP, Shirpur Campus introduced the audience about the legacy of SVKM's NMIMS and the laurels brought by the campus at various levels. His speech was followed by the address of Dr. K.B. Patil. He had been the Vice-Chancellor of North Maharashtra University, Jalgaon. The audience were fortunate to gain his insights on engineering education and employability in general which represented his vast experience in the field of education and academic administration. The last but the most awaited address was delivered by Mr. Ashutosh Pandey who had graciously accepted the invitation of the organizing committee to be the Chief Guest of the inaugural function. A civil engineering graduate with an MBA from FMS, Delhi, Mr. Pandey pointed out the need for developing multiple skills. He highlighted the current trends in the job market and discussed about the capabilities sought after by the employers. An important take-away from his address is the fact that technology environment is constantly getting disrupted and therefore everyone has to be on their toes to withstand the corresponding challenges. The address was truly captivating and thought provoking. The ceremony culminated with the vote of thanks proposed by Prof. M. Ramachandran, Convenor ICEMEM 2019 followed by the tea break. The keynote sessions on the first day were divided into two segments.

Advances in terrestrial and ocean dynamics studies in India

The land, oceans, and atmosphere are tightly linked and form the most dynamic component of the climate system. Studies on terrestrial and ocean science enhance the understanding on the impacts of climate change. Across India and the world over, human-driven land use and climate changes are altering the structure, function, and extent of natural terrestrial ecosystems and in turn regional biogeochemical feedbacks. In this special issue, we present 29 manuscripts; those discuss wide-ranging aspects of terrestrial and oceanic characterization and dynamics. These contributions are based on selected presentations made at the 2nd International Workshop on Biodiversity and Climate Change (BDCC-2018) held on 24-27 February 2018 at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India. The manuscripts are arranged in five sections such as Ecological Assessment, Plant Invasion, Carbon Dynamics, Ecosystem Characterization, and Ocean Dynamics. We realized that the utility of satellite remote sensing data has been emerging as a dominant trend in environmental monitoring and assessment studies in India.

A Microporous Co-MOF for Highly Selective CO2 Sorption in High Loadings Involving Aryl C-H···O═C═O Interactions: Combined Simulation and Breakthrough Studies.

In the context of porous crystalline materials toward CO2 separation and capture, a new 2-fold interpenetrated 3D microporous Co-MOF, IITKGP-11 (IITKGP denotes Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur), has been synthesized consisting of a 1D channel of ∼3.6 × 5.0 Å2 along the [101] direction with a cavity volume of 35.20%. This microporous framework with a BET surface area of 253 m2g-1 shows higher uptake of CO2 (under 1 bar, 3.35 and 2.70 mmol g-1 at 273 and 295 K, respectively), with high separation selectivities for CO2/N2 and CO2/CH4 gas mixtures under ambient conditions as estimated through IAST calculation. Moreover, real time dynamic breakthrough studies reveal the high adsorption selectivity toward CO2 for these binary mixed gases at 295 K and 1 bar. Besides high gas separation selectivity, capacity considerations in mixed gas phases are also important to check the performance of a given adsorbent. CO2 loading amounts in mixed gas phases are quite high as predicted through IAST calculation and experimentally determined from dynamic breakthrough studies. In order to get insight into the phenomena, GCMC simulation was performed demonstrating that the CO2 molecules are electrostatically trapped via interactions between oxygen on CO2 and hydrogen on pyridyl moieties of the spacers.

Correction to: Bis-chelates of nickel(II) and copper(II) with an O,S-donor piperazine ligand

After the publication of this article ‘Bis-chelates of nickel(II) and copper(II) with an O,S-donor piperazine ligand,’ it came to our attention that Debashis Ray was omitted from the list of authorship. Debashis Ray supervised this work at IIT Kharagpur and has been added as an author to this publication. The authors would also like to clarify that this work was carried out at the Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur and this is the affiliation for both authors for this article. During this work, Haridas Mandal was a Ph.D. student at IIT Kharagpur, working under the supervision of Prof. Ray. He has since moved to the Chemical Division, Southern Region, Geological Survey of India, and this is his current affiliation. Dr. Mandal is thankful to the Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India, New Delhi, for providing the single-crystal X-ray diffractometer in the Department of Chemistry, IIT Kharagpur, under its FIST program.

Recent advances in biodiversity and climate change studies in India

Biodiversity is continually transformed by a changing climate. Conditions change across the face of the planet at variable pace leading to rearrangements of biological associations. The carbon cycle and the water cycle, arguably the two most important large-scale processes for life on Earth; depend on biodiversity at genetic, species, and ecosystem levels and can yield feedbacks to climate change. India is no less affected through this feedback mechanism of climate change and had shown its cause and effect association in several studies. In this special issue we present 25 papers contributed by ca 90 authors from India and elsewhere those discuss wide-ranging aspects of biodiversity and climate change. These contributions are based on presentations made at the 2nd International Workshop on Biodiversity and Climate Change (BDCC-2018) held on 24–27-February 2018 at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, India. The papers are arranged in six sections: Plant (and lichen) Diversity and Climate; Plant Diversity Pattern and Environmental Heterogeneity; Forest Biomass and Carbon; Plant Diversity and Remote Sensing; Species Distribution Modelling; and Animal Diversity, Soil and Biotechnology. Included amongst the contributions are ones using a national database on plant diversity, describing vegetation carbon and biomass sequestration patterns, utilizing remote sensing to assess plant diversity proxies and conservation prioritization, employing species distribution models to analyze climate change scenarios, using acoustics indices for rapid assessment of biodiversity, addressing the soil micro-biome and environmental stress on medicinal plants.

Comprehensive performance evaluation of various solar PV system configurations

This study presents a year-long comprehensive performance analysis of four distinct solar photovoltaic (SPV) system configurations with central inverter, micro inverter, fixed axis structure and dual axis sun tracker (DAST) structure installed at the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, West Bengal, India. Technical and economic performance indices are used to analyse the impact of inverter technology and DAST structure using field data of one year. Specifically, technical parameters specified by IEC 61724 are used to compare simulated results with field data from June 2017 to May 2018. The difference between the simulated and measured values of all the configurations is mostly attributed to the variation in solar irradiance and module temperature data. For simulation study, daily and monthly average values are considered while daily instantaneous data are used for measured values. Comparison of measured values through energy yield, capacity factor and performance ratio (PR) indices has confirmed the superiority of dual axis micro inverter system configuration. Additionally, the impact of seasonal variation on PR values for all four system configurations is also analysed. Economic performance for 25 years of project life using payback period, net present value and levelised cost of energy indices concludes dual axis central inverter system configuration as the most economical.

Measurement of outgassing rates of Kevlar and S-Glass materials used in torque tubes of High Tc Superconducting (HTS) Motors

Torque tubes in High Temperature Superconducting (HTS) motor transfer torque from superconducting field winding rotor to the room temperature shaft. It should have minimum heat conduction property for minimizing the load on cryo-refrigerator. Generally, these torque tubes are made with stainless steel material because of high strength, very low outgassing and low thermal contraction properties at cryogenic temperatures and vacuum conditions. With recent developments in composite materials, these torque tubes could be made of composites such as Kevlar and S-Glass, which have the required properties like high strength and low thermal conductivity at cryogenic temperatures, but with a reduced weight. Development and testing of torque tubes made of these composites for HTS motor are taken up at Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), Hyderabad in collaboration with Central Institute of Plastics and Engineering Technology (CIPET), Chennai and Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kharagpur. As these materials are subjected to vacuum, it is important to measure their outgassing rates under vacuum conditions before manufacturing prototype torque tubes. The present study focusses on the outgassing characteristics of Kevlar and S-Glass, using an Outgassing Measurement System (OMS), developed at IIT Kharagpur. The OMS facility works under vacuum environment, in which the test samples are exposed to vacuum conditions over a sufficient period of time. The outgassing measurements for the composite samples were obtained using pressure-rise technique. These studies are useful to quantify the outgassing rate of composite materials under vacuum conditions and to suggest them for manufacturing composite torque tubes used in HTS motors.

Publications by Faculty Members of Humanities and Social Science Departments of IIT Kharagpur : A bibliometric study

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>This paper evaluates the citation count of article publications in journals by faculty members in the Humanities and Social Science (HSS) Departments of Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur. The publication data is retrieved from the individual bio-sketch and annual reports available in the websites for 17 years from 2000-2016. Web of Science database has been used for counting the citations. Parameters like total publications in journals, most preferred journal for publication, highly cited journals, collaborative status of faculty publications and thereby </span><span>their citation counts, faculty member receiving highest citation are studied. The finding reveals that 623 articles are </span><span>found in total 359 journal. There is an increasing trend in the number of publications over the years. The journal </span><span>named Psychological Studies ranked first with 27 publications of faculties whereas Journal of Business Ethics received highest citations and grabbed the first position amongst the journals. Collaborative researches by three authors received maximum citations. The faculty members are engaged in variant fields of research but the impact is </span><span>higher at national level than that of international level. Sage is found to be the most preferred publisher publishing journal articles of the faculty members from HSS Departments of IIT, Kharagpur. </span></p></div></div></div>

A Trifunctional Luminescent 3D Microporous MOF with Potential for CO2 Separation, Selective Sensing of a Metal Ion, and Recognition of a Small Organic Molecule

A 3D microporous luminescent metal–organic framework {[Zn(oba)(L)0.5]·dma}n (IITKGP‐9, IITKGP represents the Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur; L = 3,3′‐azodipyridine, H2oba = 4,4′‐oxydibenzoic acid) with 1D rhombus‐shaped channels has been synthesized by employing a bent organic linker with an unexploited azo‐functionalized N,N′ spacer. The metal–organic framework (MOF) exhibits potential for highly selective sorption of CO2 with excellent selectivity of CO2 from CO2/N2 (291 at 273 K and 118 at 295 K) and CO2/CH4 (17.5 at 273 K and 4.8 at 295 K) at a pressure of 1 bar, as demonstrated by ideal adsorbed solution theory (IAST) calculations. Such high separation ability, especially at 273 K for CO2/N2, can be attributed to the microporous (5.8 × 6.6 Å2) nature of this MOF and the enhanced interactions of the adsorbed CO2 molecules with the functional azo groups decorating the pore channels. This MOF is highly emissive at 374 nm upon excitation at 310 nm. The free azo groups exposed in the channels serve as functional sites for the sensing of metal ions and the recognition of small organic molecules through the quenching of fluorescence. Fluorescence measurements revealed that this MOF can selectively sense Fe3+ and also detect toxic nitromethane with high sensitivity. Elemental mapping by energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and powder XRD analysis of the Fe3+‐loaded MOF material, recyclability tests, and a plausible quenching mechanism are presented. Thus, this MOF demonstrates potential as a trifunctional MOF material for three different applications, namely selective gas separation, selective ion sensing, and selective recognition of organic molecules.