Index Of Functional Changes Research Articles

The influence of food flavors’ odorimetric characteristics on the indicators of human physiological state

Introduction. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effects of odours of various nature and strength in experimental conditions on the parameters of the cardiovascular system and the person’s functional state in order to update objective and informative methods for assessing early changes in the body due to the adverse effects of odorous substances. Material and methods. The specified concentrations of food flavors (orange, cognac and coffee) were supplied to the participants of the study using an ECOMA T08 olfactometer. The composition of the aerosols was controlled by chromatography-mass spectrometry. The physiological parameters of the volunteers were assessed by measuring blood pressure, heart rate and calculating the index of functional changes (IFC). Results. In an experiment with an odour characterized as “pleasant”, the study participants found a statistically significant decrease in heart rate and diastolic blood pressure when exposed to the maximum noticeable concentrations of volatile substances of the flavor relative to the initial state: p1-3=0,001 and p1-3=0,003, respectively. At the same time, a significant decrease in IFC was determined already at the threshold concentrations of the flavor (p<0,01), indicating a favorable effect of the odour and increasing the level of adaptive capabilities of the body. According to the results of the odour identified as “unpleasant”, a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure (p1-2=0,011) was revealed, but only when exposed to a threshold concentration, when the odour has not yet acquired an “intrusive”, “annoying” character. Limitations. The lack of standardized methods of exposure, the influence of individual preferences and past experience on odour-induced effects. Conclusion. Indicators of the functional state of the cardiovascular system can be used as one of the criteria for evaluating the body’s reflex response to environmental pollution in areas where odour-producing enterprises, including food production, are located. The issue of conducting such an assessment is particularly relevant for emissions with a predominantly “pleasant” odour, since their ability to cause annoyance and, consequently, to have a negative impact on the health and quality of life of the population is often questioned.

The functional state of the body in workers engaged in mining in the Arctic zone

Introduction. The functional state and adaptive potential in workers employed at mining enterprises in the Arctic territories are influenced both harmful environmental factors and specific climatic conditions, age and work experience in contact with harmful working conditions. Assessing the impact of work experience on the health in employees to reduce occupational risks and prospects for preserving and strengthening the health of workers at mining enterprises remains an extremely relevant and timely task. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study of workers was based on a mining and processing plant for the extraction of loparite ore in the Murmansk region. Two hundred one male employee participated in the study. Cardiohemodynamic and somatometric indices were evaluated, on the basis of which integrative indices for assessing functional changes were calculated. The subjects were ranked into groups by work time and age. Results. The analysis of somatometric indicеs, depending on work experience, revealed significant intergroup differences in body mass index, index of physical changes, blood pressure and heart rate. The analysis of heart rate variability showed that with an increase in work experience, there is a unidirectional, negative change in time indices and the wave structure of the heart rhythm towards suppressing the activity of the autonomous regulation circuit with an increased contribution of sympathetic influences on the heart rate. Limitations. Difficult access to medical information and employees’ fears of participating in the study due to fear of dismissal for health reasons. Conclusion. With an increase in work experience, negative changes in the functional state of the body of mining workers in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation are comprehensively manifested (overweight, an increase in the index of functional changes, an increase in blood pressure). The increased influence of sympathetic influences on the heart rhythm, with the suppression of self-regulation processes, is reflected in the tension of regulatory mechanisms leading to a decrease in adaptive potential and the development of a premorbid state.

Renal function and cardiovascular risk in overweight patients

Background. Currently, in most countries of the world, there is a tendency for an annual increase in the proportion of overweight people (OW). Studies performed in various age groups and devoted to the relationship of OW with the functional state of the kidneys show contradictory results.The aim: to study the functional state of the kidneys and the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular complications in OW, taking into account gender differences.Patients and Methods. A cross–sectional single-center study was conducted with the participation of 154 patients (73 men and 81 women) with body mass index (BMI) 25.0–29.9 kg/m2), whose average age was 53.9±12.6 years. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters were evaluated in all patients, the functional state of the kidneys (according to serum creatinine and cystatin C) was studied, and an analysis of cardiovascular risk factors was carried out.Results. Analysis of excretory renal function by cystatin C showed that in most of the examined individuals, regardless of gender, there was a decrease in eGFR to CKD stages 2 and 3a. OW among men was statistically significantly more often associated with hypertriglyceridemia (32.8 %), tachycardia (38.3 %) and atherosclerotic lesion of the carotid arteries (24.6 %). In the subgroup of women with ischemic heart disease, the average age, the content of low-density lipoproteins, the double product index, the frequency of hypercholesterolemia, dyslipidemia and hypertrophy of the left ventricle (LVH), mainly of the eccentric type, were significantly higher, and the hemoglobin content and the number of red blood cells were significantly lower. Significant correlations of eGFR with concentrations of hemoglobin and C-reactive protein, as well as with the value of the left ventricular myocardial mass index (LVMI) were found in men with ischemic heart disease. Correlations of eGFR with the levels of systolic, mean, pulse and central blood pressure, index of functional changes, LDL-C, triglycerides, hemoglobin, fibrinogen, metabolic index, as well as LVMI were found in women with ischemic heart disease. The value of LVH in women was significantly associated with the level of central blood pressure, cystatin C, LDL, hemolobin, fibrinogen, metabolic index, and eGFR. In the general sample of patients with ischemic heart disease, the content of serum cystatin C was positively correlated with LVH and inversely with eGFR calculated by cystatin C. There was a weak negative relationship between the level of central arterial pressure and eGFR by cystatin C.Conclusion. Evaluation of excretory renal function, according to cystatin C and serum creatinine, in individuals with ISM has a higher diagnostic value than evaluation using methods based on the use of serum creatinine alone. In males, the presence of OW is associated with tachycardia, hypertriglyceridemia, a significant decrease in GFR and an increase in the frequency of atherosclerotic changes in the carotid arteries. The following cardiovascular risk factors are associated in women with ischemic heart disease: old age, anemia, increased fibrinogen concentration, dyslipidemia, increased values of the double product index, metabolic index and index of functional changes, as well as hemodynamic and LVH parameters.

Assessment of Adaptation Potential of Foreign Students Studying in Low- and Midlands Conditions

Assessment of the adaptive potential of students studying in low- and midlands conditions is a very important task, since it allows students to timely identify pathological conditions that precede the development of the disease. The goal of this study is to assess the adaptive capabilities of foreign students studying in low- and midlands conditions. The 260 first-course male students aged 19.55±1.31 years from India were examined. The study was conducted in low mountains (760 m ASL) and middle mountains (1650 m ASL). The index of functional changes (IFCh), as calculated by R. M. Baevsky, took into account factors such as age, height, body weight, heart rate, and blood pressure. A comparative analysis of the indicators of the index of functional changes (IFCh) of foreign students studying in lowlands and midlands revealed significant differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP). In the low mountains group, the value of IFCh was higher than in the middle mountains group. The majority of students (77% in the lowlands and 86% in the midlands) demonstrated a satisfactory level of adaptation. However, a small percentage of students in both the lowlands (6%) and midlands (1%) showed unsatisfactory adaptation. Therefore, the educational environment in the midlands was found to be more favorable for the adaptation of Indian students.

Analysis of the adaptation potential of the cardiovascular system of students studying in medical specialties

Relevance. Studying the adaptive potential of students is an important way to assess the level of health and early career guidance of future doctors.The purpose of the study is to study the adaptive potential of the cardiovascular system among second-year medical university students.Object and methods. The study involved 507 students of both sexes studying in their second year at Samara State Medical University. At the first stage of the study, anthropometric parameters were studied in all subjects. At the second stage, an analysis of the adaptive potential was carried out by calculating the following indicators: index of functional changes, adaptive potential according to the equation of L.A. Konevskikh, Robinson index.Conclusions. An analysis of the functional state of the cardiovascular system of medical university students revealed that the majority of students already in their second year have a disruption of adaptation processes, which is associated with low functional capabilities of the body, tension in adaptation mechanisms and disruption in the functioning of regulatory systems.

CARDIOVASCULAR INDICATORS OF ATHLETES IN SOMATOTYPE-RELATED RESPONSE TO PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

In order to achieve high sports results, a comprehensive study of the athlete’s body is necessary. The morphofunctional study is the most informative and accessible. However, the somatotype-related functional state of the cardiovascular system of athletes remains insufficiently studied. The purpose of the research: To determine the indicators of the cardiovascular system of athletes in response to physical exertion, depending on the somatotype according to Reese-Eysenck. An anthropometric and functional study of the cardiovascular system of 49 athletes of the highest sports skill engaged in freestyle wrestling at the Sakha Republic’s Center for Traditional Sports was conducted. The Reese-Eysenck index was used to determine the somatotype. Functional examination of the cardiovascular system included blood pressure measurement and pulse counting at rest, then 1 and 2 minutes after exercise. The exercise consisted of a full squat with arms outstretched with a frequency of 20 squats in 30 seconds. In order to determine the tolerance of physical activity, the Roufier index was calculated. The adaptive potential of the cardiovascular system is determined using the index of functional changes. Somatotyping by the Reese-Eysenck index among the examined athletes revealed that a significantly large proportion of the examined individuals had an athletic somatotype. In pyknics, significantly large indicators of body weight and the transverse diameter of the chest were recorded. A functional examination of the cardiovascular system with the use of physical activity revealed a significantly greater increase in systolic blood pressure after 1 and 2 minutes and heart rate 1 minute after physical activity in individuals with the pyknic somatotype compared with others. The analysis of the results of the index of functional changes of athletes depending on the somatotype revealed the stress of the cardiovascular system function only in athletes of the pyknic somatotype. The obtained results indicate that the training process should be selected individually, taking into account the somatotype of an athlete, since among pyknics there are people with stress of the cardiovascular system with good results of physical activity tolerance according to the Roufier index.

The association between electrode impedance and short-term outcomes in cochlear implant recipients of slim modiolar and slim straight electrode arrays

Objectives Electrode impedance measurements from cochlear implants (CI) reflect the status of the electrode array as well as the surrounding cochlear environment, and could provide a clinical index of functional changes with the CI. The goals of this study were to examine (1) the impact of electrode array type on electrode impedance, and (2) the relationship between electrode impedance and short-term hearing preservation and speech recognition outcomes. Methods Retrospective study of 115 adult hearing preservation CI recipients of a slim modiolar or slim straight array. Common ground electrode impedances, pre- and post-operative hearing thresholds and CNC word recognition scores were retrieved. Results Electrode impedances were significantly higher for recipients of the straight electrode array. Within individuals, electrode impedances were stable after the first week post-activation. However, increased standard deviation of electrode impedances was associated with greater loss of low frequency hearing at initial activation, and with poorer speech recognition at 6 months post-implantation. Conclusions Results demonstrate that electrode impedances depend on the type of implanted array. Findings also suggest that there may be a role for the variability in electrode impedance across electrodes as an indicator of changes in the intracochlear environment that contribute to outcomes with a CI.

Критерии напряжения механизмов адаптации у здоровых мужчин, работающих вахтовым методом в условиях Крайнего Севера

Due to the persistent high stress the human body’s functional systems are subjected to in the Far North, the transition from a state of health to a state of illness can occur gradually and unnoticed. Therefore, developing criteria for assessing the body’s adaptive reserves in rotational workers is relevant. The purpose of this article was to study the adaptive potential of healthy men working in rotation in the Far North and to identify screening criteria for the state of adaptation. Materials and methods. A total of 56 men aged 35 to 60 years who have been working in rotation in the oil and gas industry for more than three years were examined. The index of functional changes was calculated based on demographic, anthropometric and haemodynamic parameters. The strength of the nervous system was determined using the tapping test technique. The psycho-emotional state was assessed using the AC-6 Aktivatsiometr device. To determine body reactivity, the subjects’ psycho-emotional state, blood pressure and heart rate were measured before and after the tapping test. Results. The calculation of the index of functional changes allowed us to identify two degrees of adaptation in the subjects: satisfactory and strain on the adaptive mechanisms. Men with strain on the adaptive mechanisms were mostly overweight and often had a weak nervous system. The strain was manifested in heightened psycho-emotional state at rest and this parameter’s lacking reaction to the psycho-emotional stress (tapping test). The weakening of the body’s regulatory systems during strain on the adaptive mechanisms was manifested in an increase in mean dynamic arterial pressure at high vascular stiffness and growing myocardial oxygen demand. As screening criteria of the strain on the adaptive mechanisms, the following can be used: increased diastolic pressure (over 80 mm Hg) at rest in people with high body mass index, as well as low reactivity of the cardiovascular system to psycho-emotional stress.

Assessment of body resonse on integral health indicators in seafarers at sea: cohort study

OBJECTIVE. To assess the influence of sea habitat conditions on a vessel on military seamen’s health according to integral health indicators using a computer program.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS. Before going to sea and after returning to the base there were measurements of weight and body length, chest circumference, lung capacity, leading hand strength, heart rate, systolic and diastolic pressure at rest, after the load and recovery period (Martinet test) as well as blood lymphocyte content. Physical development, nutritional status, index of functional changes, the state of general non-specific adaptive response and cognitive body functions were defined; integral health assessment was held using computer programs.
 RERESULTS. Initially 66,7% had increased nutrition, after returning – 62,0%; normal status - 37,0% and 40,7%, excessive nutrition – 48,1% and 44,4%, obesity of 1st degree – 11,1% and obesity of 2nd degree – 3,7%. The proportion of seafarers with physical development above average decreased by 18,5%, adaptive response - by 7,1% (р=0,001) and body functionality - by 11,5% (р=0,006). Cognitive mental functions did not change. Standard of health decreased by 16,7% (р=0,001).
 DISCUSSION. There was confirmed negative impact of living conditions on seafarers’ health. Somatometric and physiometric indices showed negative tendencies in physical development and functionality, nonspecific adaptive body response. Stress test revealed the deterioration of aerobic capacity.
 CONCLUSION. The use of algorithm for assessing morphofunctional indicators, cognitive functions and lymphocyte content with computer processing of the results allows to evaluate the health in professional activities of seafarers.

Analysis of the adaptation potential of entrants to higher military educational institutions

The purpose of the research given in the article is to analyze the dynamics of adaptation potential of entrants to higher military educational institutions (HMEI). The process of adaptation represents the ability of the human body to adapt to external aggravators or structural changes in the work of its systems. Adaptation of military personnel characterizes the state of body functions adaptation to the conditions of military and professional activity. The success of the physical improvement of future officers and the construction of the physical education process in HMEI depends on the adaptive capabilities of young people who begin professional military training. The current research was carried out for three years on the base of Ivan Kozhedub Kharkiv National Air Force University. Three groups of entrants were observed, a total amount was 232 cadets. The average age of respondents was 18.4 years. Anthropometric (measurement of anthropometric indicators) and medical-biological (rhythmvasometry, electromanometry) research methods were applied. Based on the results of anthropometric and medico-biological measurements, an index of functional changes was determined. Index of functional changes (IFC) is designed to evaluate the level of functional capabilities, as well as determine the adaptation potential of the cardiovascular system. The IFC of the 2019-2021 sets representatives is found within the limits of no more than 2.59 conditional units, which indicates a satisfactory assessment of the adaptation degree of the organism. The results of the conducted experiment demonstrate a statistically significant deterioration of the index of functional changes, the difference in indicators for representatives of the sets of 2019 and 2021 is 1.5%. This fact indicates a gradual deterioration of the adaptation capabilities of entrants to higher military educational institutions.

ОЦЕНКА АДАПТАЦИИ К ЭКСТРЕМАЛЬНОМУ КЛИМАТУ ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕЙ АЗИАТСКИХ ПОПУЛЯЦИЙ

The article analyzes the results of studies of the compensatory-adaptive and reserve capabilities of the body in representatives of the Asian populations of Yakuts and Central Asia in the extreme conditions of Yakutia. It is commonly known that Yakutia is characterized by a sharply continental climate, which causes adaptive changes in the basic systems of the body. Anthropometric indicators were studied, such as body length, weight, waist circumference, hips circumference, the state of the cardiovascular system in terms of average blood pressure, heart rate and body mass index. To assess the compensatory-adaptive capabilities of the body, the Kerdo index was calculated to assess the state of autonomic regulation based on the values of pulse and diastolic pressure according to the formula, the index of functional changes according to the method of R. M. Baevsky et al. (1979) in points, which shows the degree of adaptability of the body, the state of functional reserves and can serve as a kind of prognosis of health. Statistical processing of the material was carried out using the IBM SPSS STATISTICS 21.0 software package. To assess the relationship between the studied parameters, a non-parametric correlation analysis according to Spearman and Pearson was carried out. The study revealed that a greater number of overweight and obese individuals were found among the indigenous population compared with natives of the southern regions. The average waist circumference was also statistically significantly higher among the indigenous group. The study of the main parameters of the cardiovascular system showed that they allow us to identify the spectrum of adaptive and adaptive reactions of the body and have ethnic characteristics. Shifts in body mass index can be considered as one of the options for the violation of compensatory-adaptive mechanisms.

Assessment of Physical Health of Final-Year Medical Students and Young Doctors

Background: By the end of university, the proportion of medical students with chronic diseases usually increases while physical activity and fitness decrease. Objective: To assess physical development of final-year medical university students and clinical residents. Materials and methods: We have assessed physical health of 16 final-year medical students and 14 first-year medical residents (20.0 % and 25.0 % of the sample population in 2019–2022, respectively). We measured body height, weight, chest circumference, leading hand force, lung capacity, hemodynamic parameters at rest, after exercise and recovery and the mean dynamic pressure in all study participants. We also estimated Quetelet, Pignet, and Robinson indices and those of force, vitality, endurance, and functional changes. In addition, we assessed living conditions, nutrition, and daily energy expenditures of the young people. Results: We established that, under conditions of an organized team, a regulated mode of learning and a high calorie intake, two students (12.5 %) were overweight while the number of overweight residents was six (42.9 %), which was probably related to changes in the lifestyle, nutrition, and daily routine. Estimation of the body mass index showed that 10 (62.5 %) students and 11 (78.6 %) residents were overweight and obese. A more positive body build index among the residents was attributed to a higher number of overweight subjects and confirmed by strength and vital indices and chest circumference measurements. We revealed more considerable preclinical shifts in the health status of the residents in terms of the functional state of the cardiovascular system (diastolic blood pressure at rest and after exercise, heart rate and diastolic blood pressure after exercise, mean dynamic pressure after a period of rest, endurance coefficient, Robinson index) and the index of functional changes. Conclusions: Changes in the synergistic factors of learning and lifestyle of medical residents at the beginning of their professional career cause more significant preclinical alterations in the body compared with students, which necessitates raising their awareness of a healthy lifestyle.

Complex psychophysiological approach to the diagnostic of anxiety and depressive states for military personnel

The specifics of military activity under certain environmental conditions can become an indicator of hidden anxiety disorders and depressive states of the personality. Timely detection of those states in military personnel is very important for providing them with appropriate professional assistance. In Ukraine today, given the military realities, this topic is quite relevant. The presence of anxiety and depression was studied in 48 male servicemen aged 19-22 years. Psychophysiological and psychological methods were used: the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. To assess the adaptation potential, the method of determining the index of functional changes was used, which takes into account both functional reserves and the degree of tension of homeostasis regulatory mechanisms. The predominance of a certain department of the autonomic nervous system was determined by Kerdo’s Vegetative index. Ruffier functional test provides an opportunity to evaluate the functional capabilities of the cardiovascular system, and the Robinson index characterizes systolic work of the heart. The projective “House-Tree-Person” test provides an opportunity to find out the self-perception and stereotyped reactions of a person. To identify the relationship between the methods, the Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated. Correlations between psychophysiological and psychological research methods of anxiety and depression presence have been determined. It can be argued that the use of psychological projective methods in combination with psychophysiological research provides extensive information about the presence of conscious and unconscious symptom complexes and about the probability of the presence of such personality traits as insecurity, anxiety, aggressiveness, depression, difficulties in self-expression, etc. Early detection of these traits may prevent impairments of military activities in critical periods.

Assessment of anthropometric and hemodynamic parameters in young people in the cardiovascular system adaptation ability

The index of functional Changes (IFС) is a complex indicator based on the relationship between the heart rate of decrease and the associated risk of developing cardiovascular pathologies, as well as to study the state of vascular contractions, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, age, body weight and height. [2] The aim of the study is to compare the mechanisms of adaptation of the diseases of the cardiovascular system (CVS) in young men and women in the Russian Federation, to identify the main risk factors of the wall in young people depending on the functional reserves of the CVS. Materials and methods: The study includes 91 students aged 17 to 25 years. Heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), height, body weight, waist and hip circumference were measured noninvasively in all participants. The ratio of waist and hip circumferences (RW/RH), body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The main tool in the study of vascular wall stiffness was photoplethysmography. As a result of the research, an unequal distribution of IFC indicators between men and women was revealed. There were more women with a satisfactory level of adaptation, and men with the same level of IFC, therefore, less. These data indicate that men are most often at risk of developing CVS. The differences in the average values of the Kerdo index (IK). between men and women are statistically insignificant. Young people with a slight weight deficit and normal body weight have a greater potential for adaptation than people with excess body weight and obesity. According to photoplethysmography, the indicators of stiffness of vascular wall (VW) and the velocity of the pulse wave propagation through the vessels (VPWP) in young people with different adaptive reserves did not differ significantly.

Evaluation of the influence of learning conditions at a military university of the humanitarian type on the physical development of students

A comparative assessment of the physical development of students of two groups of 30 people (the first at the beginning of training, the second - after 2 years) was carried out at a military university. Anthropometric (body length and weight, chest circumference at rest, on inhalation and exhalation) and physimetric (hand strength, lung capacity (VC), heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic pressure (SBP, DBP)) parameters were assessed . Calculated body mass index, index of functional changes. Daily energy expenditure was 3117.7±34.0 kcal, the energy value of the diet was 3081.1±75.1 kcal/day. Body weight at the beginning of training was lower by 2.7 kg (p=0.001), chest excursion by 4.9 cm (p=0.001), VC by 90.0 ml (p=0.01), heart rate less by 4, 6 beats/min (p=0.02), SBP over 4.8 per mm Hg. (p=0.01). According to individual data, more than one third of the persons of group No. 1 had hand strength in the range of 40-49 kg, in the main share - in the range from 50 to 55 kg, in a tenth part - in the range of more than 56-60 kg. In group 2, the proportion of persons with minimal hand strength differed by almost two times, and with the maximum - by 2.3 times. In group No. 1, in 16.6% of overweight individuals, BMI fluctuated in the range of 25.5÷27.7 units; in group No. 2 in 13.3% in the range of 25.02÷25.8 units. Growth and dynamics of body weight, muscle strength indicated an increase in active body weight and a decrease in the fat component. Organized life, nutrition, daily routine and the involvement of students in sports sections contribute to the development of physical qualities, increasing the adaptive capabilities of the body (the proportion of people with satisfactory adaptation is 4 times higher, functional stress is 1.6 times lower).

Impact of neurobiofeedback by beta rhythm of the brain on the functional state of cardiovascular system of athletes with different motor activity

To examine the impact of one procedure of neurobiofeedback by beta rhythm of the brain on the cardiovascular system functional state in the athletes with different character of motor activity. The study included 1020 male athletes aged 18-21 years. Depending on the motor activity, patients were divided into 5 groups: 1st group - cyclic sports athletes (38%); 2nd group - speed-power sports athletes (25%); 3rd group - combat sport athletes (3%); 4th group - team sports athletes (17%) and 5th group - athletes of complex coordination sports (17%). The procedure of neurobiofeedback by beta rhythm of the brain was done in the conditions of active waking at open eyes. Registration of bioelectric activity of the brain and training on beta rhythm were done in the Fz-Cz lead by the international system «10-20» with the arrangement of indifferent electrode on the earlobe of the subjects (PAC «BOSLAB», Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Novosibirsk, Russia). Heterochronic pattern of changes in the indicators of systemic pressure, cardiac and vascular activity of the athletes' body during a single procedure of neurobiofeedback by beta rhythm of the brain in the preparation period of the training process, depending on the character of athletic activities, was found. In response to the impact, the following indicators have changed significantly: heart rate and index of functional changes in combat sport athletes (3rd group); stroke and cardiac output in all groups. Cardiovascular regulation index and specific peripheral vascular resistance significantly increased in the groups 2-5. Cardiac index significantly decreased in the groups 1, 2, 4 and 5. Qualitative changes in types of blood circulation occurred in all groups: in groups 1, 3 and 5 - from hyperkinetic to eukinetic, in group 2 - from hyperkinetic to hypokinetic, in group 4 - from eukinetic to hypokinetic, contributing to the economization of cardiovascular activity function. The use of neurobiofeedback by the beta rhythm of the brain in the practice of sports medicine requires additional detailed research of the features and development of individual methods depending on the type of athletic activity, features of cardiac activity regulation, etc.

Health systems as component of physical education for children of older preschool age

A theoretical analysis of the problem of implementing health systems in the physical education of preschool children with the aim of improving their health was carried out. Scientists have noticed that it is advisable to use modern physical culture and health technologies for a productive solution to the health-improving tasks of physical education of preschool children. The use of modern technologies for improving the health of children becomes effective under certain conditions, namely: mastering by teachers of such technologies that have motor actions that include various proprioceptors and activate in a complex all the organs and systems of the children's body, their analyzers and contribute to the formation of basic program motor skills and skills, i.e. physical education; creation of a health-preserving environment in physical education classes. Well-known healthcare systems can be conditionally divided into modern and traditional. The content of wellness systems, as a rule, can consist of blocks of physical exercises, breathing exercises, music therapy, dance exercises, hardening exercises, etc. the successful implementation of the health-improving orientation of physical education lessons in a modern school will be facilitated by the use of health-improving systems. The purpose of all health technologies is to teach children to use the acquired knowledge in everyday life and to form in them all the necessary skills, abilities and knowledge about a healthy lifestyle. Health systems contribute to improving the quality of the pedagogical process, its modification, tolerance and flexibility.
 As a result of the study, the problems related to children's health, the need to reorient the content of the teaching methods to the health-improving effect and the formation of valeological skills, as well as the expansion of the use of health- improving systems in the physical education of children in preschool education institutions are outlined.
 The effectiveness of the use of health-improving systems in various forms of physical education of preschool children has been established and experimentally confirmed. At the end of the pedagogical experiment, the functional indicators of the cardiovascular (according to heart rate, blood pressure, functional test of Martine-Kushelevsky, endurance coefficient, index of functional changes according to R.M. Baevsky) and respiratory system improved in both girls and boys (tests Stange-Henchi, vital capacity of the lungs, Skibinsky index). According to the state of physical health (methodology T.Yu. Krutsevich) at the end of the study, a positive redistribution of boys and girls from lower to higher levels was found.

Subjective assessment of the quality of life associated with health, workers in the production of chemical fibers

Nrtiduction. Workers in the production of chemical fibers in the course of their work are exposed to a complex of harmful factors of working conditions that have a negative impact on their health, but their determining impact on the quality of life has not yet been sufficiently studied. Material and methods. A one-stage (cross-sectional) study of the subjective assessment of the quality of life of one hundred thirty five workers in the production of polyacrylonitrile fiber was carried out using a non-specific questionnaire for assessing the health status SF-36. Results. Workers in the production of polyacrylonitrile fibers were shown to highly rated their physical condition. In contrast to their psychological state, the value of the average total indicator of “mental health component” was 48.42±0.54 points, which was statistically significantly lower than the value (54.78±0.36 points) of the total indicator of the physical component (p> 0.05 according to W-Wilcoxon criterion), and corresponded to the average assessment. Men rated quality of life (QOL) more highly on the “physical functioning” scale, women - on the “mental health” scale (p = 0.027 according to the Mann-Whitney U-test). A statistically significant correlation was established between the objective criteria of the level of health (the index of functional changes and the level of physical condition) and an assessment of QOL on the scales of “vital activity” and “mental health”. This indicated to a decline in the QOL in workers against the background of an decrease in the body’s adaptive reserves with increasing age and work experience and low social activity. The limitations of the study are determined by the area of study of production factors that determine health disorders and QOL in workers in the production of polyacrylonitrile fibers, and psychosocial attitudes of the respondents . Conclusion. Workers in the production of polyacrylonitrile fibers over the age of 60 and workers with work experience of 21 years or more are high-risk groups and need adequate and timely measures to restore functional reserves, maintain health and psychologically correct the quality of life.

Рівень функціонування адаптаційних механізмів серцево-судинної системи в дітей із синкопе різного ґенезу

changes which in turn depend on the basic level of functional capabilities of the cardiovascular system and its adaptation mechanisms that determine the intensity and duration of adaptive responses. Purpose - to determine the level of cardiovascular adaptations in children with syncope; to assess their relationship with some clinical, anamnestic and instrumental parameters. Materials and methods. A total of 81 children with vasovagal syncope, 25 with syncope due to orthostatic hypotension, 19 with cardiogenic syncope (aged 8-17 years) were included in our study. The control group included 41 healthy children. All patients underwent a clinical and functional examination of the cardiovascular system to determine the level of its adaptative mechanisms. Results. Children with vasovagal syncope and syncope due to orthostatic hypotension had significantly higher values of cardiac output and systolic blood volume compared to control group (p<0.05), which indicated the intensity of pumping ability of the heart. Children with syncope due to orthostatic hypotension had marked decrease in the efficiency of the heart muscle, as low values of left ventricular rate, circulatory efficiency and cardiac index compared with healthy individuals (p<0.05), as well as the trend to economize hemodynamic responses, as indicated by a significant difference between the values of the Robinson index, a decreased systolic index and the index of functional changes compared with those without syncope (p<0.05). Children with cardiogenic syncope had a significantly reduced the circulatory efficiency coefficient (p<0.05). Significant correlations were detected between the parameters of a series of integrative indicators of the adaptive mechanisms of the cardiovascular system and anamnestic, clinical, and the reports of instrumental studies in children with syncope. Conclusions. Despite the fact that children with syncope of various types had normal values for most cardiovascular indicators at rest, the tension of pumping capacity of the heart was detected, the efficiency of the cardiac muscle and circulatory efficiency were reduced, which are signs of reduced compensatory responses in children of the study groups determined. The results of the study confirm the close combination of pathogenetic mechanisms of syncope with a decrease in the adaptive mechanisms of the cardiovascular system of this category of patients. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The research protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of the institutions mentioned in the work. Informed consent of the children’s parents was obtained for the research. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors. Key words: children, syncope, cardiovascular adaptations.

Peculiarities of psychophysiological state of car drivers in the dynamics of the working shift

Introduction. Fatigue driving is one of the main causes of accidents. According to statistics, up to 30% of road traffic accidents occur due to driving in a state of fatigue or tiredness. To prevent the onset of accidents and injuries to drivers, it is necessary to study the functional capabilities of employees in order to optimize work modes and justify the duration of the working day depending on age and health group. The aim of the work is to study changes in the psychophysiological state of drivers of light vehicles of different age groups in the dynamics of work shifts. Materials and methods. To assess the work intensity of drivers, an analysis of the indicators of the central nervous and cardiovascular systems was carried out. Assessment of the state of the central nervous system was determined using a blank test with Landolt rings and a complex visual-motor reaction. The state of the cardiovascular system was determined by blood pressure indicators by the Korotkov method, registration of heart rate, the index of functional changes in the circulatory system according to Baevsky was calculated. A hygienic assessment of the heaviness and intensity of the labor process was carried out according to the Guidelines R 2.2.2006-05. Results. According to the results of the hygienic assessment, it was found that the work of drivers of light vehicles corresponds to class 3.1 in terms of heaviness and class 3.2 in terms of the intensity of the labor process. In the dynamics of the drivers' daytime work shifts, a deterioration in the indicators of attention and reaction speed was revealed. It was found that the highly stressful work of drivers negatively affects the indicators of body systems, this is confirmed by high levels of diastolic, systolic pressure and an increase in heart rate during the entire work shift, which exceed the physiological norms of working stress. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate an overstrain of the body of drivers of passenger vehicles in the dynamics of the entire period of their examination, which, with chronic exposure, can contribute to the development of industrial-related diseases of the cardiovascular system. It is necessary to further develop recommendatory documents for specific categories of drivers of light vehicles, containing a system of preventive measures aimed at maintaining their performance during the work shift, which can include both a specialized set of physical exercises, gymnastics for the eyes, and methods of self-regulation and relaxation, used to normalize sleep, relieve stress, restore psychophysiological state, etc.