Indices In Women Research Articles

Association of menopausal symptoms with sociodemographic factors and personality traits.

Aim of the studyTo investigate the association of personality traits with the severity of vasomotor symptoms (VMS) in a predominantly Greek population.Material and methodsA questionnaire-based study of women from the Menopause Clinic of a University Hospital in Athens, Greece. Sociodemographic parameters were documented through a structured interview. All women completed the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) for the assessment of severity of menopausal symptoms, the Hot Flush Beliefs Scale (HFBS) for the assessment of how women were coping with their symptoms and the Big Five Inventory questionnaires for the assessment of personality traits. Associations between baseline parameters and menopausal symptoms were assessed with univariate and multivariate regression analyses.ResultsOne hundred women were included. Employed women had lower MRS sub-scores (psychological p< 0.001, somatic p< 0.047, urogenital p< 0.008). Married women scored higher in the psychological and somatic domains. Women of university educational level coped significantly better with hot flushes (β coefficient [SE]: 0.72 [0.25], p< 0.01) and night sweats (0.57 [0.19], p< 0.01) than women of primary education, although the significance of these findings was not replicated when taking into account confounders. Regarding personality traits, women with low openness (–0.33 [0.11], p< 0.01) and empathy (–0.83 [0.37], p = 0.03) and high agreeableness (1.13 [0.21], p< 0.001) had more severe menopausal symptoms. In contrast, women with high agreeableness could better cope with their menopausal symptoms (–0.75 [0.36], p = 0.04). These associations were independent of sociodemographic factors.ConclusionsPersonality traits, especially agreeableness, openness and empathy are associated with menopausal symptoms and functionality in postmenopausal women. These associations might serve as indicators of women at risk of experiencing more severe VMS.

Investigation of the Effect of Individual Counseling of Physical Activity Based on Theory of Planned Behavior on Glycemic Indexes in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Investigation of the Effect of Individual Counseling of Physical Activity Based on Theory of Planned Behavior on Glycemic Indexes in Women with Gestational Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Conceptualisation and Measurement of Women's Empowerment Revisited

This paper advances a new approach to conceptualise, define and systematically measure women's empowerment. A review of literature identified that empowerment is multidimensional, and that women empowered in one dimension are not necessarily empowered in the other. It was also established that women need both resources and a sense of agency to independently achieve their livelihood outcomes. Therefore, it was concluded that both agency and resources are the best indicators of women's level of empowerment. In view of the multidimensional nature of women's empowerment, this study proposed the use of principal component analysis (PCA) on women's level of agency and resources to generate factor scores (i.e., indicators of each woman's level of empowerment) at each dimension of empowerment (i.e., indicated by each PC) as the better approach to quantitatively measure women's empowerment. Data to test this approach was taken from rural women in Msinga Local Municipality of South Africa. Application of PCA, showed the dominant dimensions in which women in the study area were empowered while the PC factor loadings quantitatively measured the level of empowerment along each dimension. It was concluded that women's empowerment is best conceptualised as increases in women's capabilities and hence, application of PCA to the indicators of women's indicators of resources and agency is the most suitable approach to capture their empowerment levels across different dimensions.

Effect of Prebiotic on Anthropometric Indices in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Triple-Blind, Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial

Background: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes, and obesity can accelerate this trend. Objectives: This study aimed at determining the effect of prebiotics on anthropometric indices in patients with this syndrome. Methods: This controlled clinical trial was conducted with 62 women from 18- to 45-year-old in the city of Tabriz, Iran, during years 2016 to 2017. Participants were assigned to prebiotic and control groups, using the random blocks method. The intervention group had a daily intake of 20 g of resistant Dextrin, dissolved in a glass of water for three months, and the placebo group had a daily intake of 20 g of Maltodextrin, dissolved in a glass of water for three months. Participants' Body Mass Index (BMI), weight, waist circumference, and hip circumference were measured before, and three and six months after the intervention. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of baseline values (P > 0.05). Three months after the intervention, mean (SD) waist circumference, hip circumference, weight, and BMI was 78.11 (9.7), 100.85 (7.7), 65.31 (10.9), and 24.41 (4.2) in the prebiotic group and 86.54 (12.3), 108.72 (10.7), 73.25 (14.7), and 27.73 (5.7) in the control group, respectively. Six months after the intervention, mean (SD) anthropometric indices was 78.11 (7.9), 101.45 (7.2), 65.70 (10.3), and 24.54 (3.9) in the prebiotic group and 86.4 (12.6), 108.54 (10.8), 73.8 (14.7), and 27.65 (5.5) in the control group, respectively. According to the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) test, and with controlled baseline values, all anthropometric indices were significantly lower in the prebiotic group compared to the control group at three (P < 0.001) and six months (P < 0.001). Conclusions: This study confirmed the positive and significant effects of prebiotics in reducing anthropometric indices, three and six months after the intervention in women with PCOS.

Prediction of Prehypertenison and Hypertension Based on Anthropometry, Blood Parameters, and Spirometry.

Hypertension and prehypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. However, the associations of both prehypertension and hypertension with anthropometry, blood parameters, and spirometry have not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to identify the risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension in middle-aged Korean adults and to study prediction models of prehypertension and hypertension combined with anthropometry, blood parameters, and spirometry. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the statistical significance of prehypertension and hypertension, and prediction models were developed using logistic regression, naïve Bayes, and decision trees. Among all risk factors for prehypertension, body mass index (BMI) was identified as the best indicator in both men [odds ratio (OR) = 1.429, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.304–1.462)] and women (OR = 1.428, 95% CI = 1.204–1.453). In contrast, among all risk factors for hypertension, BMI (OR = 1.993, 95% CI = 1.818–2.186) was found to be the best indicator in men, whereas the waist-to-height ratio (OR = 2.071, 95% CI = 1.884–2.276) was the best indicator in women. In the prehypertension prediction model, men exhibited an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.635, and women exhibited a predictive power with an AUC of 0.777. In the hypertension prediction model, men exhibited an AUC of 0.700, and women exhibited an AUC of 0.845. This study proposes various risk factors for prehypertension and hypertension, and our findings can be used as a large-scale screening tool for controlling and managing hypertension.

The best anthropometric insulin resistance indicators in women

The best anthropometric insulin resistance indicators in women

Women at Work: How Exposed Are They?

Aim: To use workers' compensation claims for occupational disease and illness over a 25-year period as an indicator for women's exposures at work.Methods: Accepted compensation claims and labour fo...

The Effect of Resistance Activity on Diabetes Indicators in Women with Type 2 Diabetes

The Effect of Resistance Activity on Diabetes Indicators in Women with Type 2 Diabetes

The Effect of Selenium Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Glucose and Insulin Metabolism Indices in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial

The Effect of Selenium Supplementation on Lipid Profile and Glucose and Insulin Metabolism Indices in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Women billionaires in 2018: A gender analysis of business elites in the leading countries of the world

The author analyzes the women billionaire community in leading countries of the world in 2018. The global billionaire rankings were used as the empirical basis of the research. Such indicators of women billionaires as number, average age, self-made quality, territorial distribution, industry specifics and average number of children are considered. The paper deals with six types of business cultures dominating in different countries. These cultures differ in the chances for the women to join the business elite and perform their parental functions at the same time.

Vaginitis

Vulvovaginal complaints are a common indication for women to seek gynecologic care. The most common causes of vaginitis are bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, and trichomoniasis, which account for 22 to 50%, 17 to 39%, and 4 to 35% of vaginitis, respectively. This review describes the presentation, diagnosis, and prevention strategies for the most important causes of vulvovaginitis, including characteristic findings on office microscopy and newer available diagnostic testing. It outlines treatment modalities for uncomplicated infections in healthy women, as well as nuances of treatment for recurrent and persistent infections, pregnant women, and HIV-positive women. It also explores the diagnosis and management of non-infectious vaginitis as well special consideration for vaginitis in children and adolescents. This review contains 4 figures, 8 tables, and 55 references. Key words: vaginitis, vulvovaginitis, bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, trichomoniasis, vaginitis treatment

The Effect of 12 Weeks of Bariatric and Aerobic Exercises on Metabolic Syndrome Indices in Women

The Effect of 12 Weeks of Bariatric and Aerobic Exercises on Metabolic Syndrome Indices in Women

THE STUDY OF PECULIARITIES OF QUALITY OF LIFE INDICATORS IN WOMEN WITH FIBROMYOMIA AND THYROID DYSFUNCTION

The purpose of the study was to determine the quality of life indicators in women with uterine fibroids and in the connection with thyroid dysfunction.Materials and Methods of investigation. By questioning and using the SF-36 questionnaire 55 women were screened and two groups of surveyed persons were formed. According to ultrasound examination in the moment of the study 35 women with uterine fibroids were the main group and 20 practically healthy women of reproductive age without uterine fibroids entered the control group.Results of the study and their discussions. The disturbances of the cardiovascular and digestive systems were releaved in the main group of the examined patients. The level of indicators of physical and social life, general and mental health, the level of the pain syndrome and the parameters of the viability scale were determined and evaluated.Conclusions. The patients with uterine fibroids and thyroid dysfunction have the lower quality of life than practically healthy women have.

Effect of Pronated Foot Posture on the Arabic Version of WOMAC Index in Women with Medial Compartment Knee Osteoarthritis

AbstractBackground: Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions affecting old pop-ulation and is rated as the 4th suspected cause of disability by year 2020. Recent studies have reported difference in foot characteristics between people with medial compartment KOA and asymptomatic controls, indicating a more pronated foot posture in those with OA. Abnormal feet position is associated with altered lower extremity functional and muscle activation patterns.Aim of the Study: To investigate the effect of pronated foot posture on the Arabic Version of WOMAC index in women with knee osteoarthritis.Patients and Methods: Sixty six female patients with mean ages (61.66±5.77) years and body mass index (28.71± 1.16) Kg/m2 with primary knee osteoarthritis grade II, III only with a radiographic and diagnostic criterion knee pain participated in this study. Foot posture assessment was done first to categorize them into 3 groups (normal, pronated and supinated) feet using foot posture index. Group (A) normal foot consisted of 24 participants. Group (B) pronated foot consisted of 24 participants. Group (C) supinated foot consisted of 18 participants; knee function assessment was done by using the Arabic version of WOMAC index.Results: The results demonstrated that that there was significant difference between (Group B (pronated) Vs. Group C (supinated)) with significant increase in ArWOMAC subscale for physical function in favor to Group B (pronated) while no significant difference was found in the other two subscales (pain and stiffness)of the ArWOMAC index (F=1.368, p= 0.203).Conclusion: It can be concluded that there was a significant effect of pronated foot posture on physical function subscale of ArWOMAC index in KOA, while all other foot postures don't affect pain, stiffness or physical function subscales of ArWOMAC index in patients with KOA.

Women's empowerment in agriculture and agricultural productivity: Evidence from rural maize farmer households in western Kenya.

This paper documents a positive relationship between maize productivity in western Kenya and women’s empowerment in agriculture, measured using indicators derived from the abbreviated version of the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index. Applying a cross-sectional instrumental-variable regression method to a data set of 707 maize farm households from western Kenya, we find that women’s empowerment in agriculture significantly increases maize productivity. Although all indicators of women’s empowerment significantly increase productivity, there is no significant association between the women’s workload (amount of time spent working) and maize productivity. Furthermore, the results show heterogenous effects with respect to women’s empowerment on maize productivity for farm plots managed jointly by a male and female and plots managed individually by only a male or female. More specifically, the results suggest that female- and male-managed plots experience significant improvements in productivity when the women who tend them are empowered. These findings provide evidence that women’s empowerment contributes not only to reducing the gender gap in agricultural productivity, but also to improving, specifically, productivity from farms managed by women. Thus, rural development interventions in Kenya that aim to increase agricultural productivity—and, by extension, improve food security and reduce poverty—could achieve greater impact by integrating women’s empowerment into existing and future projects.

Association between anthropometric parameters and lipid and carbohydrate profiles and CRP as inflammation indicator in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Association between anthropometric parameters and lipid and carbohydrate profiles and CRP as inflammation indicator in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Academic Performance According to Genre. Evidence Master in Education Period 2015 Mention Quality Management, Education and Teaching

The objective of this study is to compare the academic performance according to the gender of the different students, Those who studied in the Master in Education 2015 taught by the University of Cervantes. 157 (104 women, 53 men) students belonging to the different regions of Chile were evaluated. The applied assessment instrument corresponds to an integrative exam, which considers all the activities in which the student participated in the platform. To determine the academic performance by sex, the main indicator used corresponds to the gender gap, which is understood for the purposes of this study, as the difference between women and men. This gap is always calculated as the difference between the indicator of women and the indicator of men, in this way, a positive gap indicates that women perform better than men, therefore, a negative gap will show that women have a I perform worse than men. One of the main findings of this study when analyzing the gender variable in the academic program mentioned above showed that there is an increase in the participation of women, this phenomenon is observed in each of the three mentions of the Master in Education. The final report indicates in more detail each action according to the gender for each mention.

Formation of Traditional Gender Attitudes among Young Married Women in Rural North Dinajpur, West Bengal: Does Religion Play A Role?

Despite the prevalence of gender inequality in developing countries like India, little attention has been paid on the process of gender norm acquisition among its population. This study thus, addresses the gap by exploring formation of gender attitude among women (specifically about their appropriate roles and their rights as well as legitimacy of domestic violence) taking religious affiliation and other possible determinants into account. Data was obtained and analyzed from a population-based survey among 500 young married women (18-30 years), Hindu and Muslim, in rural North-Dinajpur district of West Bengal, India. The results indicated a fairly patriarchal view of gender relations whereby respondents supported traditional division of roles between men and women, inequitable attitude towards girls and justified wife beating on various grounds irrespective of religious affiliation. However, the Muslim women had somewhat more non-egalitarian attitude. We found that higher autonomy among the respondents’ mothers (decision making and mobility) led to more egalitarian gender attitude whereas adverse experiences like witnessing parental violence during childhood led to more traditional attitude. Indicators of women’s empowerment such as higher age at marriage, higher education, mass media exposure and engagement in income generating activities were pacifiers in the development of non-egalitarian gender attitudes. Policy implications of the findings are also presented and discussed.

The Effects of Supplementation with Chromium on Insulin Resistance Indices in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Recently, the effects of nutritional supplementation on improvement or prevention of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been considered. Several studies have been carried out on the effect of chromium supplementation in improving PCOS patients. This study aimed to summarize the available findings regarding the effect of chromium on improving the polycystic ovary syndrome. The review includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing chromium treatment with placebo or other treatments in women with PCOS. Women with PCOS diagnosed according to the ESHRE/ASRM or NIH criteria in reproductive age were eligible. Electronic searches using the MeSH terms were conducted in the following databases: Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and The Cochrane Library. Effects were measured as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for studies of PCOS and control subjects were calculated by using random-effects model. The initial search yielded potentially 100 relevant articles of randomized clinical trials on dietary chromium supplements: 16 from Pubmed, 36 from Embase, 29 from Scopus, and 19 from Web of Science. After studying these publications, 5 were potentially eligible and retrieved in full text. The five studies included in the meta-analysis reported data on 137 women with PCOS and 131 controls. A meta-analysis of 5 studies showed a non-significant difference in fasting insulin between chromium, and placebo or other treatment (mean difference (MD): -1.14; (95% CI: -4.11 to 1.83, p=0.45). We retrieved two randomized controlled trials, in which Quantitative Insulin Sensitivity Check Index (QUICKI) was compared between chromium, and placebo or other treatment in 156 women with PCOS. Meta-analysis of two RCTs showed no significant difference in QUICKI score between chromium and placebo (MD: 0.01; 95% CI: -0.01 to 0.04, p=0.34). Two randomized controlled trials compared Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) between chromium, and placebo or other treatment in 81 women with PCOS. After combining the data, there was a significantly lower HOMA-IR in the chromium group (MD: -1.68; 95% CI: -2.42 to -0.94, p<0.001). One RCT reported a significant difference in Homeostatic Model Assessment-beta-cell function (HOMA-B) between chromium and placebo groups (-15.5±32.3 vs. +13.6±23.1, p<0.001). No significant effect of chromium on fasting insulin and QUICKI score was found in women with PCOS. Chromium supplementation significantly improved HOMA-IR and HOMA-B among patients with diabetes. The magnitude of the effect is small, and the clinical relevance is uncertain. Future trials in well characterized studies that address the limitations in the current evidence are needed before definitive claims can be made about the effect of chromium supplementation.

Surgical management of female stress urinary incontinence

Stress urinary incontinence in women is a common problem in Germany, with approx. 5 million women suffering from incontinence symptoms. These numbers are increasing, due to demographic changes; the suspected numbers are even higher. Prior to treatment, an extended diagnostic approach - including urodynamics and cystoscopy when necessary - is essential for optimal treatment selection.Primary treatment should be conservative, with pelvic floor training as an essential part of a multi-modal treatment concept. If conservative treatment fails, surgery is necessary and an increasing number of women are being treated with sub-urethral slings. The use of classical and well-known reconstructive surgeries - such as colposuspensions - is decreasing. An artificial urinary sphincter is a seldom indication in women, but a feasible option if the patient is physically and manually fit enough. The following article will summarise current diagnostic approaches and treatment options.