Indeterminate Hybrids Research Articles

Effect of Pruning on the Growth and Yield of Indeterminate and Determinate Tomato Variety in the Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria

Pruning is a management practice that helps to increase fruit yield and quality of fruit, better aeration, better exposure of foliage to sunlight and photosynthetic. Pruning is not a common practice among tomato growers in Northern Guinea Savanna of Nigeria and most of the farmers have no idea about it. Field trials were conducted concurrently during the dry season of 2020 on the Research Farms of the Institute for Agricultural Research, Samaru (11o 11ꞌN, 07o 38ꞌE 686 m above sea level) and Farmers field in Kujama, (9o 34ꞌN, 8 o 18ꞌE 740m above sea level) in the Northern Guinea Savanna Ecological Zones of Nigeria; to determine the effect of pruning on the growth and yield of indeterminate and determinate hybrid tomato varieties. The experiment consisted of 12 treatments comprising of three pruning techniques (no-pruning, pruning on one stem and two stems) and four varieties of tomato (1 indeterminate hybrid tomato; Larisa F1, 2 determinate hybrid Delta F1, and Platinum F1), and one determinate open pollinated variety (UC82B). The four varieties of tomato with three pruning techniques were factorially combined and laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The result at both locations showed varietal significant differences on growth parameters such as higher plant height, shoot dry weight, leaf area index, crop growth rate, relative crop growth rate, and yield attribute such as fruit diameter, fruits weight per plant, where Larisa F1 performed better than other varieties. Pruning tomato plant to two- stem and one-stem significantly increased growth parameters where two-stem pruned plants performed best. Variety × pruning interaction on total fresh fruit yield indicated that the combination of Larisa F1 with two-stem was found suitable for maximum fruit yield though at par with Larisa F1 one-stem and unpruned.

Productivity and quality of tomato hybrids with different garter of plants in spring greenhouses of the Rostov region

In the conditions of spring unheated greenhouses in the Rostov region on improved natural soils, the influence of the methods of tying tomato plants of various types of growth on the processes of crop formation and its quality indicators was assessed. The issues of the influence of methods of tying plants on the crop, its marketability, the share of early harvest and the average weight of the fruit are considered. It has been established that, on average, indeterminate hybrids, although they do not have a high total yield and the share of early production, however, have maximum marketability and average fruit weight. In determinant hybrids, the optimal combination of yield and quality was obtained from the Primadonna F1 hybrid, for semi-determinant hybrids, for the Rozovyy nosik F1 hybrid tied to twine, and for indeterminate hybrids, for the Makhitos F1 hybrid, also tied to twine with a garter gun with a red ribbon for partial mechanization of the process.

Ефективність сорто-підщепних комбінувань нових індетермінантних гібридів F1 помідора за вирощування способом малооб’ємної гідропоніки у скляних теплицях

Goal. To determine the efficiency of rootstock combinations on new indeterminate hybrids F1 of tomato at growing by the method of low volume hydroponics in glass greenhouses of the «Venlo» type. Methods. Laboratory and production experiments, visual — to carry out phenological observations; measuring — to determine the biometric parameters and yield of tomato; analytical — to determine quality indicators; statistical — to establish the reliability of experiments. Experiments on the study of three indeterminate hybrids of tomato Torero F1, Barteza F1, and Merlis F1 with grafting on rootstocks Maxifort F1, TD1 F1, and Emperador F1 were carried out by the method of low-volume hydroponics in greenhouses of «Venlo» type (PJSC «Teplychnyi»). Results. It was found that the use of tomato rootstocks Maxifort F1, TD1 F1, and Emperador F1 helped to increase early yields in all variants. Significantly higher yields compared to non-grafted plants in all years of research were obtained in the hybrid Torero F1 on the rootstock TD1 F1 (30.4 kg/m2), in the hybrid Barteza F1 on the rootstock Emperador F1 (30.53 kg/m2), in the hybrid Merlis F1 on the rootstock Emperador F1 (31 kg/m2). The use of rootstocks provided an increase in total yield at the level of 3.9–7.6%. For the Torero F1 hybrid the best rootstocks were TD1 F1 (65.2 kg/m2) and Emperador F1 (65.5 kg/m2), for Barthez F1 — Maxifort F1 (63.0 kg/m2) and Emperador F1 (63.6 kg/m2), for Merlis F1 — Emperor F1 (67.8 kg/m2). Conclusions. For growing tomatoes of hibrid F1 in modern block hydroponic winter greenhouses of the «Venlo» type, to increase the share of early yield (as of July 10) at the level of 30.4–31.0 kg/m2 and the total yield at the level of 63.6–67.8 kg/m2 with high fruit biochemical parameters, it is recommended to use the following rootstock combinations: Torero F1/TD1 F1 or Emperor F1; Barteza F1/Emperor F1, or Maxifort F1; Merlis F1/Emperor F1.

Вплив густоти рослин на ріст і урожайність гібриду помідору індетермінантного типу

Вплив густоти рослин на ріст і урожайність гібриду помідору індетермінантного типу

Використання сорто підщепних комбінувань – перспективний прийом підвищення продуктивності та якості помідора за вирощування способом малооб’ємної гідропоніки

Tomato grafting has a considerable scientific and practical interest, because it promotes plant resistance to illnesses, pests, stress factors, improves nourishment conditions and as a result increases crop yields and contributes to the greening of cultivation. The study of this issue is actual for the indoor ground conditions, particularly, for growing in glass greenhouses using low-volume hydroponics method. Experiments for studying three indeterminate hybrids of tomatoes Torero F1, Barteza F1 and Merlice F1 with grafting on rootstocks Maxifort F1, TD-1 F1 і Emperador F1 were conducted in the “Venlo” type on Private Joint Stock Company «Сombinat «Teplychnyy» («Комбінат «Тепличний»). The main goal of the experiments was to find out the efficiency of varietal-rootstocks combinations on the inderterminate hybrids F1 tomato. Consequently, the usage of rootstocks promotes the increase in early yield in all options. Significantly higher yield compared to the plants that were not rootstocked during all the years of research, was gotten from the Toreto F1 hybrid on the TD-1 F1 rootstock (in general during 3 years 30,4 kilograms per square meter), from Merlice F1 hybrid on Emperador F1 (31 kilogram per square meter). Mathematically significant difference in early yield between the studied cultivar-rootstock combinations was not found. The usage of the rootstocks also improves biochemical indicators, particularly, contributes to the increasing the dry matter content in the fruits of all hybrids by 0.1-0.8%. Emperador F1 rootstock causes an increase in the total sugar content in tomatoes by 0.3-0.5% and ascorbic acid by 1-4.7% for all studied rootstocks. It is recommended to use such grafting options as Torero F1 to TDß1 F1; Barteza F1 to Emperador F1; Merlice F1 to Emperador F1 with a view to increasing the share of early yield (10th July) in modern block hydroponic winter greenhouses of the “Venlo” type at the level of 30,4-31,0 kilograms per square meter with high biochemical indicators of fruits.

Efecto del paclobutrazol sobre el crecimiento de la planta, rendimiento y calidad del fruto en tomate

Existen pocos estudios del efecto del retardador de crecimiento Paclobutrazol (PBZ) en el ciclo completo de producción del tomatecultivado en invernadero. En esta investigaciónseevaluóelefecto en variables vegetativas y reproductivas del híbrido de crecimiento indeterminadoEl Cid. Se evaluaron cinco tratamientosque variaronde cero a cuatro aplicaciones (a los 25, 77, 92 y 107 díasdespués de la siembra), con dosis de 50 mg∙L-1de PBZ (Cultar 25 SC)dirigidasal follaje,utilizandoun diseño completamente al azar con cuatro repeticiones. La altura de planta y la longitud de los entrenudos se redujeron con relación a las plantas no tratadas, y el efecto fue mayor a medida queaumentó el número de aplicaciones. El número de entrenudos no resultó afectado.El rendimiento de frutos se incrementó (P≤0,05) cuando las plantas recibieron cuatro aplicaciones, al presentar aproximadamente 30 frutos con 3,573 kg de peso total por planta, y en las no tratadas 26 frutos y 3,078 kg por planta. El peso promedio de fruto,el grosor delpericarpio y el contenido de sólidos solubles fueronsimilaresen las plantas tratadas y no tratadas. Con aplicaciones hasta la formación el quinto racimo floral, un total de cuatro aplicaciones resultaronlasmás eficientes en la reducción de la altura de planta y mejorarel rendimiento por planta, sin afectar la calidad del fruto.

FEATURES OF STEM SHOOT DEVELOPMENT AND THE EVALUATION OF AGRONOMIC TRAITS OF HYBRID TOMATO (SOLANUM LYCOPERSICUM L.), CONTAINING GENES OF LIMITED DEVELOPMENT OF LATERAL MERISTEMS IN THE FILM GREENHOURSES

When growing a greenhouse tomato, labor inputs for handling and tying of plants are high. In this regard, it is important to investigate the features of plant growth and create varieties and hybrids for intensive technologies, requiring a minimum of labor inputs for plant care and having a complex of valuable agronomic features. The purpose of the research presented in this article was the selection of tomato hybrid combinations, characterized by high values of productivity signs, low intensity of stem shoot growth and indeterminate type of growth. To achieve the main goal, we studied the growth characteristics of stem shoots and the manifestation of agronomic traits of F1 hybrids Toroza x Line 7, Line 7 x Toroza, Line 7 x Mo 516, C 9464 x Mo 516, C 9464 s Toroza, Line 19/3 x Mo 516, Line 19/3 x Toroza, Line 19/0 x Toroza, Line 19/0 x Mo 516, together with the parent samples. The peculiarities of lateral shoot development and yield signs were investigated in two variants: without breaking-out laterals and with removal of stem shoots on a weekly basis. The dynamics of laterals growth was estimated on plants of the studied samples, which were planted separately, in the course of 30 days after removing previously formed lateral shoots. The hybrids with Line 7 and indeterminate hybrid C 9464 x Mo 516 are characterized by high values of productivity traits. The superiority of indeterminate hybrids was noted in both variants of the experiment on grounds of commercial and total yield. The advantage of the variant "without removing laterals" has been established in yield background. Hybrids F1 Line 19/0 x Mo 516 and Line 19/3 x Thoroza can be recommended as valuable breeding samples, because of high productivity level, low intensity of lateral shoot growth and indeterminate type of growth.

Response of semi-determinate and indeterminate hybrids of tomato (Lychopersicon esculentum Mill.) to pruning and spacing grown under cover

Response of semi-determinate and indeterminate hybrids of tomato (Lychopersicon esculentum Mill.) to pruning and spacing grown under cover

Re-narrating Globalization: Hybridity and Resistance in Amores Perros, Santitos and El Jardín del Edén

This paper explores the articulation of resistance to neoliberal globalization in Alejandro Gonzalez Inarritu’s Amores Perros, Alejandro Springall’s Santitos and Maria Novaro’s El Jardin del Eden. I argue that this resistance is enunciated within what Homi Bhabha terms ‘Third Space’, the in-between space of cultural translation and negotiation where notions of an essential national identity are destroyed and a contingent and indeterminate hybrid identity is constructed. Speaking from this hybrid space, these films employ Western cinematic conventions to construct narratives of the disjunctive experience of postcolonial time and space that disrupt the dominant temporality and imaginative geography of Western grand narratives of historical progress and global economic development, while at the same time deterritorializing the space and time of national imagining. [

PERFORMANCE OF HEIRLOOM AND LATE BLIGHT RESISTANT HEIRLOOM-TYPE TOMATO HYBRIDS IN ORGANIC AND CONVENTIONAL FIELD TRIALS

There is a good market for heirloom tomatoes that, according to many consumers, taste better than regular tomatoes. Unfortunately, most heirloom tomatoes have little disease resistance, tend to crack, are rough in appearance, and are not uniform in size. Randy Gardner recently developed several new indeterminate hybrid tomatoes with the goal of combining the flavor of heirloom tomatoes with the disease resistance, uniform size, and good shipping characteristics of more modern varieties. Two tests, using organic and conventional practices, were conducted in Waynesville, N.C., in which three popular heirloom varieties (German Johnson, Mr. Stripey, and Cherokee Purple) and four late blight resistant hybrids (NC 0455, NC 0571, NC 0576, and NC 05114), replicated four times, were grown using a high trellis system. The highest yields were obtained with German Johnson NC 0455, and NC 0576 in the conventional trial and German Johnson NC 0455, and NC 0571 in the organic trial. Public taste test results revealed that the experimental hybrid cluster type, NC 05114, was ranked by over 82% of the participants as good or excellent. NC 0455 was rated as good or excellent by >83% of the participants, which was better than the popular heirlooms Cherokee Purple and Mr. Stripey. This study demonstrated that the heirloom-type hybrid tomatoes could be successfully grown in organic and conventional systems in Western North Carolina and that two out of the four tested had flavor ratings similar to, or better than, the three heirloom varieties tested.

Studies on growth, yield and quality of tomato hybrids under green house

Investigations were carried out in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum, Mill) with two hybrids SH 7611 and Arka Abijith to study the quantitative characters so as to develop a suitable production package for hybrid tomato under greenhouse. Experiments were carried out during two seasons viz. Summer and kharif in the greenhouse available at College Orchard, Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore. A set of standard packages for growing an indeterminate hybrid tomato (SH 7611) in green house was used as a check and in the different packages, one of the components for the respective package was modified so as to study its effect on growth, yield and quality of hybrid tomato under protected cultivation. Based on the observations on yield, quality and physiological parameters, the treatment with growing medium, soil: Compost: Sand (2:1:1), irrigation regime 20 Kpa, basal application of 50: 50: 50: kg hat NPK with Azospirillum and Phosphobacteria water soluble fertilizers (250: 250: 250 kg ha NPK) and mulching is recommended for cultivation of the hybrid SH 7611 under greenhouse.