Ефективність сорто-підщепних комбінувань нових індетермінантних гібридів F1 помідора за вирощування способом малооб’ємної гідропоніки у скляних теплицях

Abstract

Goal. To determine the efficiency of rootstock combinations on new indeterminate hybrids F1 of tomato at growing by the method of low volume hydroponics in glass greenhouses of the «Venlo» type. Methods. Laboratory and production experiments, visual — to carry out phenological observations; measuring — to determine the biometric parameters and yield of tomato; analytical — to determine quality indicators; statistical — to establish the reliability of experiments. Experiments on the study of three indeterminate hybrids of tomato Torero F1, Barteza F1, and Merlis F1 with grafting on rootstocks Maxifort F1, TD1 F1, and Emperador F1 were carried out by the method of low-volume hydroponics in greenhouses of «Venlo» type (PJSC «Teplychnyi»). Results. It was found that the use of tomato rootstocks Maxifort F1, TD1 F1, and Emperador F1 helped to increase early yields in all variants. Significantly higher yields compared to non-grafted plants in all years of research were obtained in the hybrid Torero F1 on the rootstock TD1 F1 (30.4 kg/m2), in the hybrid Barteza F1 on the rootstock Emperador F1 (30.53 kg/m2), in the hybrid Merlis F1 on the rootstock Emperador F1 (31 kg/m2). The use of rootstocks provided an increase in total yield at the level of 3.9–7.6%. For the Torero F1 hybrid the best rootstocks were TD1 F1 (65.2 kg/m2) and Emperador F1 (65.5 kg/m2), for Barthez F1 — Maxifort F1 (63.0 kg/m2) and Emperador F1 (63.6 kg/m2), for Merlis F1 — Emperor F1 (67.8 kg/m2). Conclusions. For growing tomatoes of hibrid F1 in modern block hydroponic winter greenhouses of the «Venlo» type, to increase the share of early yield (as of July 10) at the level of 30.4–31.0 kg/m2 and the total yield at the level of 63.6–67.8 kg/m2 with high fruit biochemical parameters, it is recommended to use the following rootstock combinations: Torero F1/TD1 F1 or Emperor F1; Barteza F1/Emperor F1, or Maxifort F1; Merlis F1/Emperor F1.