Independent Professionals Research Articles

Pharyngeal phase of swallowing in post-stroke dysphagia: videoendoscopy and speech-language-hearing assessment.

To investigate the outcomes of fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of pharyngeal swallowing phase and clinical evaluation of swallowing among dysphagic individuals with and without chronic stroke in different food consistencies. This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study based on data collection from medical records. 134 swallowing video endoscopy exams of dysphagic patients were analyzed, in which they were divided into two groups according to the diagnosis of stroke, in which data were collected regarding mobility and strength of the tongue, phonation and cough efficiency, and the pharyngeal signs of dysphagia with four food consistencies from the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI), for comparison between groups. To analyze and classify the severity of pharyngeal residues, the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale (YPRSRS) was used by two independent professionals. There was a significant difference in the presence of pharyngeal residue, laryngeal penetration and laryngotracheal aspiration in all consistencies evaluated (level 0, 2, 4 and 7) (p= <0.001), in addition to the association with multiple swallowing in thin liquid, slightly thickened liquid and solid (level 0, 2 and 7) (p= 0.026). Dysphagic individuals diagnosed with stroke showed differences in videoendoscope signs of pharyngeal residue, laryngeal penetration and laryngotracheal aspiration, regardless of the food consistency assessed, compared to dysphagic individuals without the diagnosis. Just as there was a difference in the finding of multiple swallowing only in the consistencies of thin liquid, extremely thickened liquid and solid.

Academic education of midwives in Germany (part 2): Opportunities and challenges for the further development of the profession of midwifery. Position paper of the Midwifery Science Committee (AHW) in the DACH Association for Medical Education (GMA).

The objective of academic training is to prepare midwives as independent healthcare professionals to make a substantial contribution to the healthcare of women in their reproductive years as well as to the health of their children and families. This article therefore describes the professional and educational requirements derived from the legal midwifery competencies within the new midwifery act. Furthermore, it identifies the conditions that need to be established to enable midwives in Germany to practise to their full scope in compliance with statutory responsibilities. Educational science, academic efforts, policymaking and accompanying research should work in synergy. This in turn enables midwives to achieve the maximum scope of their skills, with the objective of promoting physiological pregnancies and births. Consequently, it can strengthen early parenthood in alignment with the national health objectives of "health around childbirth". The academisation of the midwifery profession presents a profound opportunity for professional development in Germany. It is essential that midwives receive training based on the principles of educational science and care structures that are yet to be developed. This can enable them to perform within the wide range of their professional tasks to the highest standards, thereby ensuring the optimal care of their clients. Moreover, there is a chance to implement sustainable improvements in healthcare provision for women and their families during the reproductive phase and the period of parenthood in Germany.

Translation and cultural adaptation of the Positive Aspects of Caregiving Scale for caregivers of people living with dementia in Brazilian context: a methodological study.

The Positive Aspects of Caregiving (PAC) scale is used to assess psychosocial benefits provided to caregivers by the task of caring. The PAC scale consists of nine items, assessed using a five-point Likert scale, with higher values indicating greater positive perceptions and gains from the caregiving experience. To translate and culturally adapt the PAC scale for informal Brazilian caregivers of people with dementia. A methodological study was conducted at the Federal University of São Carlos. The following stages were carried out: Translation; Synthesis of the translations; Back-translation; Evaluation by an experts' committee; and Pre-test. Two independent professionals translated the PAC scale. The consensus version was obtained by merging both translations, which were back-translated into English by a third translator. The expert committee comprised three specialists in the area and project researchers. All scale items presented a Content Validity Index of 1 (CVI = 1.0), and thus remained in the pre-final version of the instrument. The instrument was pre-tested with seven caregivers of people with dementia, the majority of whom were women (57.1%), with a degree of kinship corresponding to sons/daughters (57.1%) and an average age of 55.2 (± 4.1) years. The caregivers considered it clear and understandable and made no suggestions for changes. The PAC scale was translated and culturally adapted for use by informal caregivers of people with dementia in Brazil. However, a psychometric analysis of the instrument is necessary to provide normative data for this population group.

Factors and barriers influencing practice of health education among nursing students in Jordan.

Health education or client teaching is an aspect of nursing care recognized as a vital and professional nursing role. As a part of the nursing community, nursing students learn the importance of health education during the study period and are trained to make use of the principles of health education during their encounters with clients and their families. Aim: This article aims to examine the factors and barriers influencing health education practices among third- and fourth-year nursing students in Southern Jordan. Cross-sectional approach is used with a study sample of 286 nursing students enrolled in the undergraduate program. A self-reported questionnaire as an instrument to collate data. The questionnaire consists of two sections. The first section is related to the demographic data of the participants. The second section comprises the participant's responses to the items related to health education barriers. Descriptive statistics, including mean, standard deviation, and frequencies are utilized to analyze the demographic characteristics and questionnaire items. The majority of nursing students report that they have not engaged in health education with patients. The first three factors identified by the students as barriers to health education are (Little time is given to patient health education due to paperwork and other assignments) (M = 4.22 and SD = 1.11), (Discharging patients from the hospital at a short time interrupts health education) (M = 4.15 and SD = 1.39), and (Evaluation of health education outcome is inapplicable due to intermittent days of training) (M = 4.05 and SD = 1.39). The findings indicate that various barriers are suggested to explain the disparity between the expectation and practice of student nurses in health education. Identifying these barriers undermining health education is a positive step toward furnishing better health education for nurses in the future. Nursing students shall be fully supported to be independent and responsible professionals working within the nursing professional practices.

Getting the consistency right in thickened liquids using Viscgo Sticks: A validation study.

Dysphagia is a condition whereby a person's ability to swallow, eat and drink is impacted. One strategy to manage dysphagia and aid safe swallowing is the modification of food and drink, including using thickening agents to thicken drinks. Drinks are thickened to levels appropriate to a person's swallowing abilities and the underutilised 'syringe flow test' is currently the recommended method for checking thickness levels. Viscgo Sticks were developed as a practical alternative to the flow test. This is a real-world validation study designed to determine validity and reliability of Viscgo Sticks. Independent researchers and healthcare professionals tested Viscgo Sticks (Viscgo Limited) against the flow test in three levels of thickened drinks. Researchers also conducted tests with different thickening agents and different drink types: water, milk, orange juice and hot tea. The intra- and inter-rater reliability of Viscgo Sticks was moderate to almost perfect (κ = 0.45-0.98) within and between researchers and substantial (κ = 0.66-0.67) within and between healthcare professionals. When tested by researchers and healthcare professionals against the flow test, Viscgo Sticks correctly classified 83.33%-100% of thickened drinks with high accuracy (area under curve = 0.70-1.00). A simple and reliable tool like Viscgo Sticks, which can verify a prescribed thickness level of liquid, is invaluable in healthcare settings where day-to-day drink preparation occurs. Overall, Viscgo Sticks provide a reliable and valid means to test thickened drinks in clinical practice with a few exceptions identified.

Why is it Interesting to Study the Duration of the Relationship (Review of the Auditor and the Subject) Auditor: Audited Entity?

The integrity and impartiality of the reports issued by the external auditors makes the main attention to focus on their role, because they are the persons responsible for discovering the presence of errors or frauds in the financial reports of the audited entity. We are talking about the external auditors, who are the independent professionals who must give their opinion through a report on the truthfulness, sincerity and honesty of the picture presented by the audited entity's financial statements. In relation to the role they have in the fight against corruption, the scientific research method used in this study is through questionnaires as a tool for collecting data and closely touching the awareness of the main actors on their integrity. These interviews were conducted with a sampling that represents the auditors. A total of 9 questions were conducted in order to strengthen and validate the results for our research question. The results of this study suggest that auditors' awareness of the role and importance of their integrity is key to the audit process, but there are some risks that may harm the quality of the audit and the auditor's independence, or the risk of developing complacency. The quality of the audit is positively related to the integrity of the financial reports of the audited entities and negatively related to the risk of "falling prey" of the auditors themselves. The increase in the quality of information reduces the asymmetry affecting the detection and avoidance of errors and consequently affects the increase in the quality of the audit, (F. Hakim, Omri &amp; I. Hakim, 2010, p. 152). Audit quality is related to the ability of auditors to identify material anomalies in financial statements as well as their willingness to issue an unbiased and appropriate audit report (Turley &amp; Willekens, 2008, p. 3).&#x0D; &#x0D; Received: 14 September 2023 / Accepted: 27 October 2023 / Published: 23 November 2023

IRP OBLIGATION FOR THE FORMALIZATION OF INDEPENDENT PROFESSIONALS

This research work aims to demonstrate whether taxpayers comply with the tax formalities in this specific case the personal income tax of independent professionals, since it is important to know this data to improve the formality in our country therefore seek solutions to these problems. Our quantitative approach gave us statistical data with more accurate results, a descriptive investigation was planned, through closed surveys to find out exactly what the real situation is in the formal sphere, resulting in a majority being unaware and in other cases omitting to avoid contributing to state coffers due to disagreement with the management of state economic resources. It is important to note that the majority of the taxpayers of this tax obligation are not satisfied with what is established by the State, so it helps or a factor is created to try to find other alternatives to be informal and therefore avoid contributing or paying less than the established taxes.

From later to sooner: exploring compliance with the global regime of anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing in the legal profession

PurposeThe legal profession is vulnerable to abuse for the purposes of money laundering and terrorist financing. According to the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), that vulnerability justified updated global recommendations that urge countries to require lawyers, notaries and other independent legal professionals – including sole practitioners, partners and employed professionals within law firms – to identify, assess and manage the money laundering and terrorist financing risks associated with their services and to ensure that they have appropriate mechanisms in place to provide risk assessment information to competent authorities. Those recommendations proved contentious, with concerns raised by both legal academics and legal professional bodies about the implications of certain aspects of the requirements for the principle of lawyer–client confidentiality. Despite those concerns, many countries have introduced or amended regulatory regimes to extend their application to the legal sector to comply with the FATF’s standards. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the debate surrounding the extension of AML/CTF obligations to the legal profession.Design/methodology/approachThis paper considers three jurisdictions – the UK, Israel and Australia – at different stages in their journey towards compliance with the FATF’s anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-terrorist financing (CTF) standards for the legal profession. While the UK has a long-established and well-embedded AML regulatory framework for legal professionals, Australia remains non-compliant with the FATF standards. Israel occupies a position between these two ends of the spectrum: following criticism of the omission of lawyers from its AML/CTF regime, Israel implemented due diligence rules for the profession. In 2018, Israel was found to be partially compliant with the relevant FATF recommendations.FindingsIt argues that although there are challenges involved, there are also important benefits. Therefore, Australia should act to implement its proposed changes sooner rather than later. Its persistent failure to appropriately address globally recognised areas of vulnerability leaves Australia open to integrity abuse. In addition, if the government delays addressing this issue until pressure from the FATF (such as deadlines for compliance and, if necessary, a finding of non-compliance) forces it to comply, this may tarnish Australia’s reputation, threaten its access to international financial markets and adversely affect the legitimacy and effectiveness of its AML/CTF regime.Originality/valueOriginality in this context refers to the distinctiveness and uniqueness of a paper’s content and approach. In this case, the originality lies in the fact that there is no other existing paper that addresses the topic of three common-law jurisdictions at various stages of their progression towards aligning with the FATF AML/CTF standards, specifically within the context of the legal profession. Furthermore, the timeliness of this paper is underscored by the fact that multiple jurisdictions are currently deliberating their positions on the focus of this paper. This adds to its originality and relevance, as it addresses a gap in the literature while also contributing to the ongoing discourse surrounding compliance with FATF’s standards.

The Impact of the State Regulation System on the Income of Freelancers

This article presents the tools with which the state can influence the level of income of freelance professionals in Kazakhstan. Foreign methods and ways of state regulation of the freelance market in terms of freelancers' income, the infrastructure of Kazakhstan's remote work market reviewed and analyzed in this article, identified the main characteristics of independent professionals in 2021: working hours, income level, length of service of freelancers, etc. It is noted that freelancers' incomes depend on the influence of the state policy in the field of education and length of service as a freelancer. The stereotype that the more a freelancer works, the more he earns is refuted. In this case, the well-known eight-hour workday standard established by the state is the most optimal option for freelancers to earn more income, which is confirmed by the data of our study. Information is provided on the educational structure of freelancers, the amount of personal monthly income by type of freelancer employment, the experience of freelancers by type of employment, and the average number of hours allocated to work during the week. Multiple regression models of the dependence of freelancers' pay on their education level, work experience, and number of hours worked per week are presented and analyzed in this article. The authors propose recommendations for state regulation that would ensure an effective impact on the level of freelancers' income both in Kazakhstan and in former Soviet Union.

Modifying physical activities for maximizing learning opportunities: perspectives of Finnish physical educators and special educators on inclusive teaching strategies

ABSTRACT Background Recent curricular reforms have aimed to make the Finnish education system more inclusive which requires the implementation of differentiated and individualized teaching practices within schools. In Finland, as it is internationally, efforts have been made to increase adaptive teaching strategies and collaborative practices between different professionals in the physical education (PE) context. So far, current research has revealed significant findings on how pupils with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) can be successfully included in integrated/mainstream PE settings, focusing mainly on the perspectives of PE teachers. In comparison, little attention has been paid to the instructional strategies of different pedagogues involved in the PE classroom. Besides, little is known about how inclusive learning environments with an all-embracing approach that goes beyond the inclusion of pupils with SEND can be created in practice. Paying greater attention to these issues holds strong potential to enrich the existing knowledge regarding instructional strategies in PE and could help other teachers justify their educational choices. Methodology Drawing on the data from a multiple case study in a Finnish context, we explore how four PE teachers and four special education teachers attempted to work inclusively within PE. Document analysis of the current Finnish national curriculum and semi-structured interviews with special and physical education teachers were used to extend the current understanding of pedagogical practices for dealing with diversity in PE. The interviews have been content-analysed adopting deductive-inductive approach utilizing the TREE model and the Inclusion Spectrum. Findings The results of the present study illuminate how PE and special educators often showed willingness to modify the physical activities to meet the individual needs of all learners in PE which included the rules, equipment, and environmental modifications. The findings highlight the variety of instructional strategies used among participants in the PE context. Both teacher professions take individual responsibility for the teaching activities, but their traditional role as independent and autonomous professionals may also be an obstacle for collaboration. This research also identified the important role of collaborative structures and cultures which requires critical reflections of the individual aims and a shared vision of inclusive teaching. Conclusion Overall, this paper contributes to a growing body of pedagogical research portraying the perspectives of PE and special educators involved in the PE classroom. Future research should further examine the perspectives of different professionals as it may contribute to a more comprehensive perspective on diversity and inclusive teaching strategies.

A IMPORTÂNCIA DA PRÁTICA CLÍNICA DE ESTUDANTES DE PSICOLOGIA PARA A FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL

The training of psychologists is a complex process that requires a solid theoretical basis, together with significant practical experience. This article is a bibliographical survey carried out by two psychology students who carried out psychological screenings and consultations at the school clinic of the São Lucas University in Porto Velho. It aims to address the relevance of clinical practice in the training of psychology students, emphasizing its role in building independent and competent professionals.

THE EFFECT OF APPRECIATION, COMPETENCE, PROFESSIONALISM AND LEADERSHIP QUALITY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF EMPLOYEES OF PT. TIGA SERANGKAI SURAKARTA

Professionalism, and Leadership Quality on Employee Performance at PT Tiga Serangkai Surakarta. This research makes use of three different types of independent variables, namely Awards, Competence, Professionalism, and Leadership Quality with one variable dependent, namely Employee Performance. Participants in this study's population were all employees of PT. Tiga Serangkai Surakarta and the sample used in this study was 91 employees. The questionnaires were distributed among 91 employees of PT. Tiga Serangkai Surakarta. Data were processed using SPSS. The approach to data analysis that was taken for this investigation uses multiple regression analysis. These are the findings of the investigation indicate that : Awards has a positive effect on employee performance, Competence has a positive effect on employee performance, Professionalism has a positive effect on employee performance, and Leadership quality has a positive effect on employee performance

Freelance — Freedom “from” or “for”? Book Review: Shevchuk A.V. Chto my znaem o frilanserakh? Sotsiologiya svobodnoi zanyatosti. [What do we know about Freelancers? Sociology of Free Employment]. Moscow: Izd. dom “Vysshei shkoly ekonomiki” publ., 2022

The new book by Denis Strebkov and Andrey Shevchuk “What do we know about freelancers? The Sociology of Free Employment” (2022) is a summation of a unique, large-scale, more than a decade-long research project dedicated to understanding the phenomenon of online freelancing. The authors are at the forefront of surveying free employment agents in the country. They describe the history of the formation of the Russian-speaking remote work market, its main participants and the laws by which it functions, while also conducting deep analysis of the origin, spread and transformation of remote self-employment practices and the composition of workers in this realm of labor. Freelancers are defined by the authors of the monograph as people who partake in intellectual and creative work, and freelancing itself is characterized as a sort of embodiment of freedom in the labor market. The title of the book suggests a new area of research — sociology of free employment. The review considers the merits of the monograph, while posing the question of whether we can even assert that independent professionals are truly free, or if there are certain caveats to it.

A conceptual framework of the perceived marketability of independent professionals

AbstractIndependent professionals represent a highly skilled contractual based workforce. In this paper, we propose a conceptual framework that explains the career construction mechanism of independent professionals. Specifically, we theorize that their boundaryless career orientation favorably influences the perception of their marketability via their involvement in career construction activities. Additionally, we elucidate the intervening role of their career competencies, physical and psychological mobility in augmenting or dampening perceived marketability as a career outcome. Differing to traditionally employed professionals, we argue that independent professional careers can be better explained conjointly, rather than separately, by boundaryless career theory and career construction theory. This paper has practical relevance in highlighting the significance of career construction activities by independent professionals for achieving positive career outcomes while pursuing a boundaryless career.

'Being a part of something': Experiences and perceived benefits of young adult peer mentors with intellectual/developmental disabilities and co-occurring mental health conditions.

Peer-provided services are a common model for addressing mental health concerns. Peer providers report a range of benefits and challenges associated with their role. However, there is little information about the experiences of peer providers with intellectual/developmental disabilities. To explore the experiences of young adult peer-providers with intellectual/developmental disabilities in the context of a mental health intervention. We conducted interviews with four young adults with intellectual/developmental disabilities and their parents and teachers to understand their experiences providing a peer mentoring mental health intervention. Young adult peer mentors perceived themselves as responsible for maintaining the mentoring relationship, delivering the intervention and acting as helpers and independent professionals. The experiences of young adult peer mentors were driven by the temporal, institutional and social contexts of their work. Peer mentoring was an enjoyable, social activity. Mentors, parents and teachers emphasised how taking on the peer mentoring role during the transition to adulthood and within the capital-rich university context led to a sense of pride and professional development. Further, these contexts may have led mentors to emphasise their intervention-delivery, helper and professional roles over relationship maintenance. Context may shape the perceived roles and benefits for young adult peer mentors with intellectual/developmental disabilities.

Employment Disadvantages among Asian NESB Skilled Migrants in Australia: The Case of Japanese Independent Professionals

ABSTRACT Since the late 20th century, skilled labour migration has become a primary channel for resolving the increased global competition, ageing workforces, and skill shortages facing industrialised countries. Despite this ongoing policy trend, skilled migrants – who are increasingly from non-English speaking backgrounds (NESBs), including Asia – confront barriers to securing employment that is commensurate with their skill levels, which exposes them to an array of social and economic vulnerabilities. This article uses qualitative data to examine post-migration employment disadvantages among an under-researched group of Asian NESB skilled migrants in Australia: Japanese independent professionals. The findings show that their employment disadvantages in the host labour market can be attributed to what is termed here multilateral contextual gaps in skills transfer, rather than simply a lack of competence, knowledge, or work experience. The article concludes by identifying the implications of the study, including policy changes that would help improve the skills utilisation and retention of skilled migrants in Australia, which appear to be hampered by the host country’s human capital-based, market-driven skills regimes. These changes are urgent given the imperative for societies such as Australia to revive their economies in the post-pandemic era through higher intakes of skilled migrants.

A study on the multidimensional result-oriented capability of professional workers

An increasing number of freelancers and independent professionals are engaged in short-term and temporary work. There are several studies that define the key intangible resources and abilities of professional employees but there is limited research that examines all of them collectively. Therefore, the aim of this study is to improve our understanding of professional workers' various intangible resources and capabilities by proposing the result-oriented capability (ROC) construct and its subdimensions by analyzing existing literature on knowledge workers, professional employees, psychology and management. The proposed model was empirically tested using the data gathered from 384 professional workers that worked in knowledge-intensive business services (p-KIBS). Construct reliability and validity are analyzed using the IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and the Analysis of Moments Structure (AOMS). This research proposes and confirms that ROC has reflective sub-dimensions such as professional expertise, relational capability, operational capability and innovation orientation. The study's findings provide important insights into how to improve professional workers' capabilities. The new measures can be used as diagnostic tools for professional worker recruitment, assessment and training. This can be beneficial for individual professional workers with larger implications for people management, training and development and organizational success.

Public-private partnership strategies for the implementation of innovation centers: the ciat case (Santarém - Pará)

As a strategy to promote regional development, leverage new business niches and disseminate a culture of entrepreneurship and innovation in its area of operation, the Santarém Commercial and Business Association - ACES, in association with the Guamá Foundation, presented to the Government of the State of Pará a proposal to create an Innovation Center in the municipality. Based on this case, this article revisits the fundamental concepts for the differentiation of innovation environments and presents the state of the art of the project by pervading the construction steps of the ACES Tapajós - CIAT Innovation Center and the integration process between universities, companies, governments, and social organizations for its execution. ACES, as a backbone organization, identified 43 potentially relevant external partners, of which four are essential for space consolidation. As a counterpart, the Government of Pará allocated more than three million reais for the CIAT's implementation. The initiative, inaugurated in March 2023, involves more than 350 associated members, groups of researchers and university students, companies, and independent professionals. This essay, therefore, records the first steps for these partnerships and the network's ability to deal effectively with the current socioeconomic, environmental, and technological transformations underway in the Amazon.

Influence of Accuracy and Precision of Measurements of Long Bone Tumors in Imaging Studies-A Retrospective Study in Musculoskeletal Oncology.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the level of accuracy and precision of bone scan (BS), MRI, and digital radiography (DR) to measure long bone tumors to design custom-made prosthesis (CMP)/modular prosthesis (MP) in limb salvage surgery (LSS) with the help of phantom and patient's study. There are two separate groups: one is the phantom study and another one is the patient's study. The phantom study is done with the Jaszack Phantom for the Gamma camera and the indigenous phantom for the MRI and DR. Three independent imaging professionals (nuclear medicine physicians and radiologists) measured the distance between standardized, preselected points on the Jaszack phantom in the Gamma Camera (GC) and indigenous phantom on the coronal and sagittal view of the MRI scan and in digital radiography. The measured values were compared with the known values for phantom measurement. A total of 36 patients, which include 24 males and 12 females, 3 independent imaging professionals measured the patient's long bone in a bone scan, MRI and DR and compared it with histopathological specimen measurement after limb salvage surgery (LSS). Descriptive statistics using appropriate measures of central tendency and dispersion were employed to describe the data. Karl-Pearson correlation coefficient was used to establish the association between continuous covariates. Paired t-test was utilized to test the differences in paired values for statistical significance. A near-perfect positive correlation was evident between all three pairs of bone scan, MRI scan, and digital radiography values, and a positive agreement within 1mm of the bone scan, MRI scan, and DR values of all three pairs was around 95%. For the phantom study, we conclude that Gamma camera and MRI measurements are equal in physical measurements (MCF-1). DR measurements were found to be near equal physical measurements and multiplication correction factor (MCF)-0.9104 and three observer's measurements values were also near normal. For the patient's study, we conclude that the bone scan, MRI, and DR measurements of 3 independent imaging professionals are near normal, and it was confirmed with pathological specimen after LSS, to confirm reliability, repeatability, reproducibility, and accuracy of the tumor length to do custom-made prosthesis or modular prosthesis for the patients who are affected by osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma.

Avaliação ultrassonográfica da deglutição: um protocolo de revisão de escopo

ABSTRACT Purpose: to conduct a scoping review to identify procedures to obtain and analyze ultrasound images related to swallowing in adults and older adults. Methods: the strategy (participants, concept, and context) was employed to determine inclusion criteria - population (adults and older adults), concept (ultrasound assessment), and context (assessment of swallowing). The review will analyze observational, experimental and/or quasi-experimental, descriptive, analytical, and qualitative studies, and opinion texts and articles. It will exclude studies unavailable in full text, in animals, or in vitro, letters to the editor, errata, study protocols, and studies using ultrasound with purposes other than swallowing. There will be no restriction on the language. Two independent professionals will select the studies in the databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus). The review will analyze the year of publication, study design, sample, age, and procedures to assess swallowing with ultrasound. Data will be presented in diagrams, tables, and narrative. Final Considerations: the literature has described ultrasound as an assessment instrument to analyze biomechanical swallowing movements. This scoping review will describe methods to acquire ultrasound images to assess swallowing.