Independent Academic Discipline Research Articles

Public administration pedagogy in India

ABSTRACT While the praxis of public administration in India is documented in the literature, its pedagogy, and the formal dissemination of its knowledge, is relatively unexamined. This study determines the status of public administration pedagogy in India through a review of the academic programs in public administration at accredited state, central, and deemed universities. After reviewing a sample of the syllabi of public administration programs, the academic context of the field, and the areas of key emphasis, this paper explores the conceptualization of public administration as an independent academic discipline in India. This study makes a significant contribution to global comparative public administration, and also contributes to developing the nascent literature on public administration pedagogy in present day India and South Asia.

What factors influence the introduction of a national undergraduate general practice curriculum in the UK?

ABSTRACT A national undergraduate curriculum for General Practice might address current concerns regarding intellectual challenge and recruitment through articulating disciplinary knowledge and providing teaching guidance. However, there is ambivalence regarding this idea and the reasons appear incompletely understood. Aims: To better understand ambivalence towards a GP curriculum and to assess the acceptability of a new approach to national curriculum design. Methods: Questionnaire informed by Kotter’s model of change, distributed to Heads of Teaching (HOTs) at each UK medical school, regarding the acceptability of both conventional and new approaches to the design of national curriculum guidelines. Qualitative and quantitative data collection with grounded theory-informed analysis of qualitative data. Results: Support for a conventional, detailed curriculum of clinical conditions is weak but there is strong support for a curriculum outlining general disciplinary principles. Identification with general practice as an independent academic discipline is important in predicting support or otherwise for any type of national curriculum. Conclusion: The identity of GP as an independent academic discipline emerges as a key issue. Further research on designing and implementing curricula that use principles rather than detailed outcomes is needed.

Подготовка учителя к преподаванию астрономии в системе общего среднего образования

The preparation of teachers for teaching an independent academic discipline «Astronomy» is currently very relevant. A single program of continuing education courses, professional retraining of astronomy teachers does not exist. Meanwhile, the program of such courses should not only take into account specific conditions in the region (the level of teachers’ training, the availability of equipment, resources, etc.), but also guarantee the formation of the necessary competencies for teaching astronomy in the context of the implementation of the GEF SOO. One of the options for the program is discussed in the article.

A rendészettudomány határtudományai

E tanulmány abból a hipotézisből indul ki, hogy a rendészettudományra napjainkban egy összetett fogalom alkotható, amely nem egy létező, az állam- és jogtudományok keretei közé szorítja a rendészettudományt, hanem önálló diszciplínaként határozza meg azt. A rendészettudomány emellett manapság inkább olyan alkalmazott tudománynak tekinthető, amelyhez számos tudomány kutatási módszerei és eredményei társulnak. Ebben az írásban ezek tekinthetők a rendészettudomány határtudományainak.

Accusatory Theology in the Kyiv Theological Academy: The Tasks and Content of Lecture Courses (1823–1869)

The article considers the history of implementation and evolution of Accusatory (Polemical) theology in the Kyiv Theological Academy. The author shows the place where the controversy with other religions and other Christian denominations took place in the curriculum of the Kyiv Theological Academy after the introduction of the Statute of the religious schools of 1808–1814 in Kyiv. The article deals with the content of the lecture courses of Archbishop Smaragd (Kryzhanovsky), Archimandrite Antonin (Kapustin), Bishop Sylvester (Malevansky), Philip Ternovsky, and Bishop Augustine (Gulianitsky). The author shows that the Accusatory theology was not an independent academic discipline at first, but it was part of the general course of theology. For the first time, lectures on accusatory theology were given in Kyiv in 1823. On the recommendation of the Commission of theological schools, teachers of this discipline were to use the book of the German Lutheran theologian Johann Ernst Schubert «Institutionum Theologiae polemicae» during the preparation of lectures. Comparison of this book with the lectures of hieromonk Smaragd (Kryzhanovsky) shows that the work of the German theologian was used by the Kyiv teacher quite selectively. Next, the article shows how in the following decades the content of the course of accusatory theology varied, depending on the general situation in theological education in the Russian Empire. In particular, the changes that took place in the curriculum of the Kyiv Theological Academy in the 1840’s were characterized on the initiative of the Chief Procurator of the Holy Synod, Mykola Protasov. The author drew attention to the personal preferences of professors who found a reflection in their curriculum in Accusatory theology. In particular, Bishop Sylvester (Malevansky) in his course substantially expanded the controversy with the latest philosophical currents that opposed Christianity. Instead, Philip Ternovsky and Bishop Augustine (Gulianitsky) actively used the historical method, resulting in their courses representing the history of the controversy of the Orthodox Church with its various opponents. In the 1860’s, when a large-scale reform of theological education was being prepared in the Russian Empire, the idea of a radical revision of the accusatory theology teaching concept was heard at the Kyiv Theological Academy. At the same time, some professors even advocated the abolition of accusatory theology as an independent discipline and for joining it to the course of church history. Special attention is paid to the fact that the courses of accusatory theology in the Kyiv Theological Academy in the nineteenth century were based on typical contemporary ecclesiology and soteriology of that time. The purpose of the course was seen not in the equal dialogue with opponents, but in revealing their mistakes and attempts to convert them to the Orthodox Church. Article received 03.07.2019

Administrative Legal Proceedings: The Ambiguity Of The Concept

The key to effective implementation of the right to judicial protection is the proper functioning of the judicial system, an important element of which is the administrative courts that ensure the administration of administrative justice. Moreover, the protection of human and citizen’s rights and freedoms through the instruments of administrative justice is an important guarantee of protection against violations by public authorities and local self-government of the «weaker» side of public-legal relations - human and citizen.
 In the legal literature administrative legal proceedings is interpreted differently by different scholars, which makes it possible to conclude that this legal phenomenon is multidimensional.
 In addition to understanding «administrative legal proceedings » as a separate area of justice, scholars also view administrative law as meaning: administrative justice as an area of legal science; positive (objective) administrative justice as an area of law
 Administrative legal proceedings as a branch of legal science examines the current law and jurisprudence of its application, its history and theory, the legislation of other states governing certain legal relationships.
 The independence of the field of law is first of all indicated by the specific subject matter and method of regulation, which are the identifying features by which the branches of law are distinguished. Administrative legal proceedings is endowed with its specific subject (the set of social relations that determine the procedure for consideration and resolution by public courts of public law disputes) and the method of legal regulation of the relevant relations in the process of administration of justice, which is endowed with a complex character, that is, is positive.
 At the same time, administrative legal proceedings as a separate science, field of law and branch of justice is the subject of study of the same discipline.
 In addition, given the inaccuracy of the terms «administrative process» and «administrative legal proceedings» (the term administrative process is broader and more generalized term, which includes administrative justice), it is necessary to emphasize the need to teach «Administrative legal proceedings of Ukraine» separately from «Administrative Procedural Law of Ukraine» at the level of independent academic discipline. This will focus on the peculiarities of the procedure for the consideration and settlement of administrative cases by administrative courts at all stages of the judicial administrative process.

Problem interesu w prawie podatkowym

Celem artykułu jest rozwiązanie problemu interesu w prawie podatkowym w sposób, który ma doprowadzić do zmiany przekonań prawników. W tym celu odwołuję się do założeń, na których opiera się pojmowanie interesu w prawie podatkowym. Najpierw przybliżam stanowisko doktryny, które opiera się na uznanej metodzie i które nie otwiera się na relacje z innymi dziedzinami. By to zmienić, zajmuję stanowisko postulujące integrację. Następnie charakteryzuję prawo podatkowe, z jednej strony określając wartości, które wpływają na nie, a z drugiej wskazując trzy interpretacje interesu w tym prawie. Tym, co przeważa, jest interpretacja kreująca wojnę interesów. W dalszej kolejności pokazuję działanie klauzuli ograniczającej, która w istocie ma służyć ochronie interesów obywateli. Tak jednak nie jest, co wynika z przekonań prawników. Na końcu wskazuję możliwe, alternatywne rozwiązanie problemu interesu w prawie podatkowym, które rekonstruuję z prac wpływowych filozofów, a które polega na stworzeniu możliwości uwzględnienia wspólnie podejmowanych decyzji obywateli co do ponoszenia podatków.

Formation of the national history of philosophical thought. The phenomenon of Socrates

«Вестник Санкт-Петербургского университета. Философия и конфликтология» — научно-теоретический рецензируемый журнал, обобщающий результаты исследований ученых всего мира в области традиционных философских дисциплин — онтологии, теории познания, логики, этики, социальной философии, эстетики, истории философии, философии культуры и философии религии, а также актуальные разработки в конфликтологии, философии политики и права.

Skeptic’s Comment: What Questions ‘Academic Writing’ Does Not Answer

The paper provides information to support its title (“Skeptic’s comment…”). The author shares his attitudes towards a new research area of academic writing (AW) and a system of teaching AW. The paper is presented in a form of a dialog between the author and the advocates of AW. In the author’s opinion, these advocates do not answer a number of questions to be asked for including their ideas into the scope of pedagogical knowledge. While admitting the value of analyzing foreign publications on AW, interpreting them and creating a teaching and learning system tailored for our national practice, the author states that the arguments to recognize AW as an independent academic discipline or a new research area are not sufficient. The author supports this idea by a series of speculations expanded in the paper sections to follow. They include doubts about the completeness of methodological arguments (considering the contemporary state of matter in epistemology, attitude towards new type rationality, unique features of cognition in science and humanities, rationale for the relevance of social constructivism for AW, and etc.), and about the insufficient attention towards the contemporary pedagogical methodology. The status of AW is discussed as if sidestepping the national achievements in investigating the language, speech, text (academic), discourse, linguistic and rhetoric conventions, and etc. The skepticism regarding the AW system can also be explained by the fact that the author does not agree with a number of statements denying the figural and publicistic images in an academic style, personal characteristics, opinions, emotional experiences and beliefs; negating the talent, literature expertise and imitation as assistants for academic writing; inferring the impossibility of learning academic writing independently. The author is confused by the insufficient attention towards the investigations on eloquence carried out in the 1980s in our native country (e.g. by S.S. Averintsev, A.K. Avelichev, and etc.); it is clear that the expertise in foreign research does not negate the knowledge about the research in our native country. Through critically analyzing the components of the AW system, the author concludes that AW is to be considered as one of possible technological solutions for the problem of creating a scholarly proper academic text.

Buddhist studies in the west, past and present: Role of the Mongolian Buddhism

In this article, I tried to illustrate a brief history of Buddhist Studies in the Western world and role of Mongolian Buddhism in its history and future prospects. Buddhist Studies is an independent academic discipline that pioneered by outstanding Western scholars and it covers roughly 200 years. In the modern world, Buddhist Studies has formed interdisciplinary academic research, and expands its research area with new requirements of society and newly discovered manuscripts. From the outset of the Buddhist Studies, western scholars involved with Mongolian Buddhism and manuscripts; however, unfortunately Buddhist Studies in the Mongolian context could not develop in parallel with its rapid development. In other words, Mongolian Buddhism comparatively has been slighted in the past history of Buddhist Studies. The researches by domestic scholars have been reviving after 1960. Only foreign scholars do conspicuous researches on the Mongolian Buddhism, but domestic scholars are not active on the academic research due to some reasons. First of all we should define what makes Buddhism “Mongolian”. We should describe identity of the Mongolian Buddhism, and then we able to analyze its past, present and future prospects. I assume the following five tendencies explore researches of the Mongolian Buddhism.Assimilation of Buddhism with Mongolian tradition and customs, syncretism of Buddhism and Mongolian traditional shamanism Distinctive character of Mongolian monasticism, secularity, role of Buddhism in the Mongolian society Study of ethnic Mongolian lamas as influential historical figuresResearch of Mongolian Canons and other sources in Mongolian language, and their translation Study on Tibetan and Mongolian works by Mongolian lamas in comparison with doctrinally affiliated works

The Contributions of Buddhist Philosophy

The Contributions of Buddhist Philosophy Gereon Kopf Welcome to the fourth issue of the Journal of Buddhist Philosophy. This will also be the last issue that I serve as editor-in-chief. Editing this journal over the past few years, I have come to realize not only that the journal could benefit from new creative minds but also that my own scholarship has slowly taken me away from Buddhist to global-critical philosophy. In the past years, SUNY Press has been a welcoming and generous home to the journal. It has been an honor and a privilege to serve the journal and the discipline in this capacity and to meet and work with amazing people, authors, reviewers, and advisors in the field of Buddhist philosophy and in academic publishing. And it has been wonderful to work on the first academic journal in the field of Buddhist philosophy in the Anglophone world. It has now been slightly less than a decade since I recognized the need for a journal dedicated solely to Buddhist philosophy (in addition to the amazing journals in Buddhist studies or Asian philosophy) and conceived of the JBP, penned the proposal for the journal, found support among my colleagues, approached publishers to gauge their interest for a journal in our discipline, gathered an editorial and an advisory board, set up a website, and began the day-to-day operation including the call for papers, management of the blind review process, communication with the publisher, the reviewers, and the authors, as well as the editorial work on these volumes. While I had the title “editor-in-chief,” none of these four wonderful issues would have [End Page 1] been possible without my amazing colleagues. I would like to thank the late Nancy Ellegate at SUNY Press who believed in the importance of this project as well as her successors in the position of acquisition editor in our field at SUNY Press, Christopher Ahn and James Peltz. I would like to thank the members of the editorial and advisory boards who lent their support to this project and assisted as consultants and reviewers, my former assistant at Luther College, Hannah Lund, who designed the logo of the journal; Douglas Duckworth and Christian Coseru, who served as associate editors of the journal in the past; Tao Jiang, who served as review editor for two, and Pascale Hugon for all four issues; Marcus Bingenheimer, who maintained our website and solved its occasional glitches; and Agnieszka as well as Francesca Soans, who served as associate editors for the third and fourth issues. Without the help of these amazing people, none of the four issues would have seen the light of day. Starting with the subsequent, fifth issue, Jay Garfield and his editorial team will take over the journal. I am grateful for their willingness to continue this important work. We started the journal to give authors in Buddhist philosophy a venue to develop our field as an independent academic discipline and not just a subfield of Buddhist studies or comparative philosophy. The idea was to give equal space to essays and topics dealing with South and East Asian Buddhist philosophy to not only discuss Buddhist philosophy on its own terms (rather than on the terms of analytical and Continental philosophy) but also to develop an axiology of categories from scriptures and debates within the Buddhist traditions. In a second step, we hoped that these categories would then enter in a dialogue with philosophies from other traditions and contribute to philosophical discourses on current issues of global concern and with global appeal. To facilitate the space for scholars to develop Buddhist philosophy on its own terms and to identify the basic philosophical structures and foundational presuppositions—as well as a set of categories, questions, concerns, and genres—each issue provided papers that contributed to the discourse on a specific topic, peer-reviewed research papers, philosophical reflections on the status of the field, and book reviews. This issue also contains peer-reviewed essays on a variety of topics, philosophical reflections on humanistic Buddhism, the practice of decentering as philosophical strategy, as well as the topic of “suchness” (tathatā), not to mention reviews of recent...

Can There Be a Credible Philosophy of History?

A lot of different historical issues were discussed during many centuries. As a result, the philosophy of history was established as an independent academic discipline. However, nowadays there are so many philosophies of history that we have to ask ourselves where this development leads us to, and whether they have anything positive to give to science. The question is as follows: “Can there be a credible philosophy of history?”. Nevertheless, we still need to find out the significance of its credibility. To perform this task, we need to examine the very concept of the philosophy of history and to study the history of the philosophy of history.

사상사 · 역사이론] 한국 서양사의 정체성과 존재의미 : 2015~16년 사상사 · 역사이론 회고와 전망

This paper purports to be a critical review on the Korean western history scholarship in the field of history of ideas and theory of history for the last two years. For the survival of the western history scholarship in Korea as an independent academic discipline, I argue that the field of western history in Korea should establish itself as an academic ecosystem(autopoiesis), which can autonomously produce and consume its research outcome, even though the prospect of this turn seems very unpromising due to the imbalance between production and consumption in research.BR While research papers primarily target scholars and researchers in the narrow guild of historians, I believe that books and monographs can reach to the larger audience thereby extending the historians’ craft to the public sphere. I argue that this turn of focus from research paper to books could be an answer to cope with the current crisis in the humanities in Korea. With this problematics in mind, this paper attempts to engage Korean historians in the field of western history, who have already practiced this turn.BR In the near future, I argue historians’ craft should find its raison d

Protestant Pioneers in Sanskrit Studies in the Early 18th Century

SummarySanskrit has played a notable role in the history of the language sciences. Its intensive study at the turn of the 19th century went hand in hand with the institutionalization of linguistics as an independent academic discipline. This paper endeavours to trace the earliest Sanskrit studies conducted by Protestant missionaries in Tranquebar (present-day Tharangambadi in Tamil Nadu) under the auspices of theDänisch-Hallesche Missionfrom 1706 onwards. In contrast to some of their Jesuit colleagues, the Protestant missionaries did not leave us full-blown manuscript grammars. However, this does not imply that the Tranquebar missionaries had no interest in the sacred language of the Hindus. It was, of course, the primary concern of all missionaries to spread the word of Christ among the indigenous people. Hence, they placed an extremely high value on a firm command of the local vernacular languages. In the case of the Tranquebar missionaries, the study of both Portuguese and Tamil was, therefore, prioritized. In a second stage, however, many of the Tranquebar missionaries, once they had mastered the local vernaculars, gained interest in Sanskrit, which they frequently styled ‘Malabaric Latin’. Partly on the basis of unpublished manuscript sources, this paper (a) investigates why the Tranquebar missionaries were interested in Sanskrit in the first place, (b) surveys the numerous problems they had to overcome, and (c) studies their interaction with scholars working in Europe, from whom they received many incentives. In so doing, the paper investigates to what extent this 18th-century interest in Sanskrit reflects a fascination with the original traditional culture and religion of South India. In conjunction with this, the paper also examines to what extent this largely overlooked chapter in early Sanskrit philology may shed an indirect light on the specific role of Sanskrit in the institutionalization of linguistics.

Scientific Psychology in the 18th Century

As early as 1783, the almost forgotten philosopher, metaphysicist, and psychologist Ferdinand Ueberwasser (1752–1812) designated himself “Professor für empirische Psychologie und Logik” (professor of empirical psychology and logic) at the University of Münster, Germany. His position was initiated and supported by the minister and educational reformer Franz von Fürstenberg (1729–1810), who considered psychology a core scientific discipline that should be taught at each school and university. At the end of the 18th century, then, psychology seems to have been on the verge of becoming an independent academic discipline, about 100 years before Wilhelm Wundt founded the discipline’s first official laboratory. It seems surprising that Ueberwasser’s writings—including a seminal textbook on empirical psychology—have been almost entirely overlooked in most historical accounts. We focus on this important founding moment of psychological science and on the circumstances that eventually brought this seminal development to a halt.

The scientific building blocks for business coaching: A literature review

Orientation: Business coaching is a relatively new approach to leadership development. It is also slowly growing as an academic discipline with only a small number of active researchers and a dearth of published literature reviews.Research purpose: This article is an investigation into the current level of development of the body of knowledge related to business coaching by means of a systematic literature review.Motivation of the study: Previous literature reviews summarised the available published articles. In order to contribute to establishing business coaching as an independent academic discipline, the building blocks for science in the phenomenon under investigation have to be scientifically not only summarised, but also synthesised and explored to ground this new discipline as an academic field of research.Research design, approach and method: A methodological framework has been developed to analyse the information. The data were synthesised according to the following building blocks for science: concepts, definitions, typologies, models, theories and paradigms.Main findings: A total of 84 articles were accessed by the specified search strategy and 36 were analysed according to inclusive and exclusive criteria. Although coaching has not been sufficiently developed as an academic discipline, it is possible to develop a comprehensive definition of coaching, as well as to identify the main models and theories that apply to this field.Practical/managerial implications: This literature review has synthesised and summarised the available data in such a way that it will contribute to the conceptualisation and foundation of business coaching as an academic discipline.Contribution: The building blocks for business coaching as a relatively new and emerging science within the field of business leadership have been defined. This will contribute to the articulation of concepts within this discipline by future researchers and practitioners.

Publication activities among the radiography sector in Norway

Aim To give an overview over journals chosen for publication by the radiography field. Background Traditionally, the professional development of radiography was dominated by other disciplines, e.g. radiology, physics, sociology and nursing. The move into the higher education sector led radiographers be additionally encouraged in research activities. Evidence based practice is an approach to clinical problem solving and health care provision based on "good evidence". Research papers are an important part. Till date, the publication activities and choose of journals among Norwegian radiography staffs have been unknown. Conclusions The wide list of journals chosen illustrates a broad underpinning of radiography. Radiography science in Norway has already shown considerable development and achieved many substantial and structural criteria set for independent academic disciplines.

О правовой политике как учебной дисциплине

The article discusses legal policy as an independent academic discipline. The authors analyze aims, targets, content, structure and legal basis of the course. The position of the course on legal policy in the system of legal education is evaluated; its role in development of` general professional and specialized juridical expertise of students, studying law and other humanities subjects, is determined.

“I Feel a Deep Sense of Responsibility for the People we have Hurt…” – Explicit Stance Attribution in Crisis Communication Contested

Abstract The theme of crisis, and consequently of crisis response, has been extensively studied within the disciplines of crisis communication (see Rachfał (2013a) for an overview of crisis communication as an independent academic discipline and its place among other allied sub-disciplines of public relations) and public relations with the aim of protecting organisations or reducing the damage caused by a crisis episode (Fediuk, Pace and Botero, 2010). Nowadays, with the growing recognition of crisis response as persuasive communication there is a need for an interdisciplinary approach which would help researchers understand the effects that crisis messages have on the perceptions and behaviours of stakeholders. Therefore, this paper seeks to bridge the aforementioned disciplines and examines crisis from the perspective of linguistics. Thus, it analyses grammatical stance-marking devices (Biber, et al., 1999), which might provide insights into how speakers manipulate linguistic resources for persuasive purposes. The paper focuses on explicit stance attribution and explores how the first-person plural pronoun we is used in crisis response to alter the stakeholders’ perceptions concerning people and events. The analysis draws on statements issued in 2011 by people in top public positions in the wake of the phone-hacking scandal at the News of the World.

Why family medicine is a good career choice for indian medical graduates?

Internationally family medicine has evolved as an independent academic discipline of medical science and speciality vocational training for community based primary care physicians. India has a long tradition of family practice however due to various regulatory barriers family medicine did not optimally develop in mainstream medical education system for many decades. Recently, there is growing interest in this concept in India and family medicine is emerging as a viable career option for medical graduates in India.