Increase In Volume Research Articles

Examination of parotid gland in diabetics with ultrasound elastography and microvascular imaging.

Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disorder that can result in the non-enflamatuar enlargement of the parotid gland. It is recognised as a condition that can impair microvascular perfusion. The parotid glands of 38 individuals with diabetes and 38 healthy controls were examined bilaterally using ultrasound to assess parameters of volume, stiffness and microvascularity. A statistically significant increase in parotid gland volume and a statistically significant decrease in microvascularity were observed in diabetic patients. Furthermore, a statistically significant increase in parotid gland volume was noted in diabetic individuals who were using antidiabetic drugs in comparison to non-users. A significant negative correlation was identified between the duration of exposure to diabetes and microvascularity. Ultrasonographic imaging can be used to assess the dimensions and microvascularity of the parotid gland.

Volume changes in the contralateral submandibular gland following unilateral gland excision in oral cancer patients

BackgroundThe effects of unilateral submandibular gland excision on the size of the contralateral gland are not well understood, with no human studies reported to date. This study aims to investigate the impact of unilateral submandibular gland excision on the contralateral gland’s size, providing insights into compensatory mechanisms and their clinical implications.MethodThis retrospective study involved patients with oral cancer who underwent unilateral submandibular gland excision and ipsilateral neck dissection at Gangneung-Wonju National University Dental Hospital between 2008 and 2023. Patients were included if they had preoperative and follow-up 3D radiological images. The contralateral submandibular gland volume was measured using 3D Slicer software on preoperative, post-operative, and follow-up radiographic data.ResultsThe mean volume change of the contralateral submandibular gland was 1.35 ± 2.06 cm3, with a mean change ratio of 1.18 ± 0.24. These changes were statistically significant (p = 0.006). Other factors such as age, gender, and radiotherapy did not significantly affect the volume change ratio (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe contralateral submandibular gland exhibits a statistically significant increase in volume following unilateral gland excision, indicating compensatory hypertrophy. This morphological adaptation should be considered in post-operative care and surgical planning for oral cancer patients to optimize outcomes.

Prevalence and Outcomes of Chronic Kidney Disease Associated Pruritus: International Results from PDOPPS.

Pruritus is common in hemodialysis (HD) patients. Less is known about the prevalence and outcomes of pruritus among patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD). Herein, we describe the prevalence of pruritus and its associations with patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and mortality/transfer to HD. We analyzed a multicenter, international cohort of PD patients enrolled in the Peritoneal Dialysis Outcomes and Practice Patterns Study (PDOPPS) from 2014-2022. Pruritus was assessed at entry into PDOPPS with a single-question Likert Scale capturing the extent to which patients were bothered by itch ranging from 1: Not at all, to 5: Extremely. The KDQOL-36 and the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale assessed various PROs. Moderate to extreme pruritus was defined as a Likert scale score ≥3. The associations of pruritus with PROs were assessed using linear/logistic regression where appropriate. Death or HD transfer was assessed using multivariable Cox regression models. Overall, 5535 patients from seven countries were included; 43% had moderate to extreme pruritus which was highest in Thailand (50%) and lowest in the United States (33%). The adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of moderate to extreme pruritus were higher for diabetes, low albumin, and elevated phosphorus but lower for residual urine volume (aOR= 0.98 per 200 ml increase in 24-hour urine volume, 95% confidence interval [CI]; 0.96-1.00, P=0.05). Patients with extreme pruritus had the lowest mental and physical health component scores and a higher burden of other PROs including restless legs and disturbed sleep. Overall, 899 patients died and 1221 transferred to HD. Patients with moderate to extreme pruritus were at higher adjusted risk for death or HD transfer (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.12, 95% CI 1.02-1.23, P=0.02) with similar point estimates for each subcomponent of the composite outcome. Pruritus is highly prevalent in PD and associated with poor health outcomes. Efforts to better identify and manage pruritus should be considered in this population.

Macro- and Microstructural White Matter Differences in Neurologic Postacute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Neuropsychiatric complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, also known as neurologic postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (NeuroPASC), affect 10%-60% of infected individuals. There is growing evidence that NeuroPASC is a multi system immune dysregulation disease affecting the brain. The behavioral manifestations of NeuroPASC, such as impaired processing speed, executive function, memory retrieval, and sustained attention, suggest widespread WM involvement. Although previous work has documented WM damage following acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, its involvement in NeuroPASC is less clear. We hypothesized that macrostructural and microstructural WM differences in NeuroPASC participants would accompany cognitive and immune system differences. In a cross-sectional study, we screened a total of 159 potential participants and enrolled 72 participants, with 41 asymptomatic controls (NoCOVID) and 31 NeuroPASC participants matched for age, sex, and education. Exclusion criteria included neurologic disorders unrelated to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Assessments included clinical symptom questionnaires, psychometric tests, brain MRI measures, and peripheral cytokine levels. Statistical modeling included separate multivariable regression analyses of GM/WM/CSF volume, WM microstructure, cognitive, and cytokine concentration between-group differences. NeuroPASC participants had larger cerebral WM volume than NoCOVID controls (β = 0.229; 95% CI: 0.017-0.441; t = 2.16; P = .035). The most pronounced effects were in the prefrontal and anterior temporal WM. NeuroPASC participants also exhibited higher WM mean kurtosis, consistent with ongoing neuroinflammation. NeuroPASC participants had more self-reported symptoms, including headache, and lower performance on measures of attention, concentration, verbal learning, and processing speed. A multivariate profile analysis of the cytokine panel showed different group cytokine profiles (Wald-type-statistic = 44.6, P = .046), with interferon (IFN)-λ1 and IFN-λ2/3 levels higher in the NeuroPASC group. NeuroPASC participants reported symptoms of lower concentration, higher fatigue, and impaired cognition compatible with WM syndrome. Psychometric testing confirmed these findings. NeuroPASC participants exhibited larger cerebral WM volume and higher WM mean kurtosis than NoCOVID controls. These findings suggest that immune dysregulation could influence WM properties to produce WM volume increases and consequent cognitive effects and headaches. Further work will be needed to establish mechanistic links among these variables.

Black hole sign under anticoagulant therapy: A retrospective comparison of warfarin and direct oral anticoagulants.

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) have rapidly replaced warfarin. Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is known to be one of the most severe side effects of anticoagulant drugs. The black hole (BH) sign is reportedly a valid radiological sign for predicting hematoma expansion in acute ICH. Here, we hypothesized that the frequency of BH signs might differ between warfarin and DOAC treatment, and critically evaluated the clinical value of the BH sign in acute ICH under warfarin versus DOAC therapy. Patients with acute ICH under anticoagulant therapy were enrolled. Hematoma volumes were measured by ABC/2. Radiologists blinded to the clinical information determined the presence or absence of the BH sign on CT images. This study defined a more than 12.5 ml increase in hematoma volume as cases with "expanded hematoma". We analyzed 111 acute ICH patients under anticoagulant therapy. Among them, 21 patients were treated with antagonists in this cohort. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the presence of ventricular perforation (p=0.02; adjusted odds ratio (OR): 3.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32 - 10.2) and the BH sign (p<0.01; adjusted OR: 4.86, 95% CI: 1.73 - 14.3) were significantly different between expanded and non-expanded hematoma cases. Comparison of hematoma volume and the presence of the BH sign between warfarin and DOAC cases indicated significant differences in maximum hematoma volume (p=0.03) and presence of the BH sign (p<0.01). The increase in hematoma volume was significantly greater when the BH sign was present under warfarin therapy (p=0.05). In contrast, the increase in hematoma volume did not differ between cases with and without the BH sign in patients under DOAC therapy (p=0.14) CONCLUSIONS: The BH sign is a useful radiological signature to predict the expansion of acute ICH under anticoagulant therapy. ICH under warfarin tended to present the BH sign more frequently than that under DOAC. The results also showed that the BH sign is more reliable under warfarin than under DOAC therapy in ICH patients. AF = atrial fibrillation; BH = black hole; DOAC = direct oral anticoagulants; HU = Hounsfield Unit; ICH= intracerebral hemorrhage.

Monitoring water infiltration in multiple layers of sandstone coal mining model with cracks using ERT

Abstract Many engineering disasters are related to water infiltration in cracks. Understanding the water infiltration in multi-layered sandstone cracks is crucial for monitoring and preventing water-related disasters in coal mines. In this study, we utilized the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) technique to conduct a water infiltration monitoring experiment on the 2d-strata-model with cracks. The electrical resistivity ratio profiles with respect to the background unveiled the existence of three cracks. Model photography demonstrates two cracks of those cracks. The infiltration cracks exhibit distinct shape of a stripe or island chain electrical change ratio anomaly in the resistivity ratio profiles. Electrical resistivity change ratio is associated with the infiltration within the cracks. As the infiltration progresses, the resistivity change ratios relative to the background gradually decreases. This is evident in the reduction in ratios in the original stripe or island chain areas in the electrical resistivity ratio profiles. The diminished range expands, manifesting as an increase in the area of the original stripe or island chain. The infiltration patterns of the cracks can be categorized into three types: a stripe pattern, island chain and stripe pattern, and island chain pattern. The preferential flow paths along the crack are related to both the infiltration time and the volume of infiltration. In the early stages, there are clear preferential flow paths along cracks. However, as infiltration time and volume increase, these preferential flow paths along the cracks become less pronounced and may even disappear. The findings prove that ERT is suitable for monitoring water infiltration along the cracks in multi-layered sandstone in the early infiltration stage. Experiment results monitoring water infiltration cracks on the 2D-model show that the ERT and 2D-model are suitable for studying water infiltration along the cracks. This research can provide valuable reference for preventing engineering disaster.

A Liquid Well Barrier Element for Temporary Plug and Abandonment Operations: A Breakthrough Approach

Plug and abandonment (P&amp;A) operations demand valuable time and resources for operational procedures and materials to establish the well barrier element. This study aims to investigate the application of a water-based fluid as a liquid well barrier element for temporary abandonment, based on estimates of its lifespan and the survival probabilities of downhole temperatures acquired through accelerated life tests. To achieve this, the water-based formulation was tested and exposed to 95, 110, 140, and 150 °C temperatures for time intervals ranging from 1 to 10 days. After the temperature exposure, the fluid properties were verified, and failure was detected by accounting for any deterioration in rheological parameters and/or a substantial increase in filtrate volume. A statistical analysis of the failure data was performed in RStudio 4.1.3 software using the Weibull Model, and the fluid average lifespans and survival probabilities were estimated for the P&amp;A temperatures. The results obtained demonstrate that the degradation of the fluid was only observed for 140 and 150 °C temperatures. According to the results, the fluid is a promising alternative for temporary abandonment until 80 °C, with no need for monitoring once its lifetime expectation exceeds three years at this temperature. For downhole temperatures above 80 °C, the fluid is a possible alternative, however, the operation’s maximum time and monitoring requirements should consider reliability metrics for each temperature.

Decoding Brain Development and Aging

Abstract The aging process induces a variety of changes in the brain detectable by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These changes include alterations in brain volume, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) white matter hyperintense lesions, and variations in tissue properties such as relaxivity, myelin, iron content, neurite density, and other microstructures. Each MRI technique offers unique insights into the structural and compositional changes occurring in the brain due to normal aging or neurodegenerative diseases. Age-related brain volume changes encompass a decrease in gray matter and an increase in ventricular volume, associated with cognitive decline. White matter hyperintensities, detected by FLAIR, are common and linked to cognitive impairments and increased risk of stroke and dementia. Tissue relaxometry reveals age-related changes in relaxivity, aiding the distinction between normal aging and pathological conditions. Myelin content, measurable by MRI, changes with age and is associated with cognitive and motor function alterations. Iron accumulation, detected by susceptibility-sensitive MRI, increases in certain brain regions with age, potentially contributing to neurodegenerative processes. Diffusion MRI provides detailed insights into microstructural changes such as neurite density and orientation. Neurofluid imaging, using techniques like gadolinium-based contrast agents and diffusion MRI, reveals age-related changes in cerebrospinal and interstitial fluid dynamics, crucial for brain health and waste clearance. This review offers a comprehensive overview of age-related brain changes revealed by various MRI techniques. Understanding these changes helps differentiate between normal aging and pathological conditions, aiding the development of interventions to mitigate age-related cognitive decline and other symptoms. Recent advances in machine learning and artificial intelligence have enabled novel methods for estimating brain age, offering also potential biomarkers for neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Effect of clearance volume on the internal flow characteristics and output performance of oil-gas multiphase reciprocating pump

In the production of oil and natural gas, excessive clearance volume is an important factor affecting the normal operation of oil-gas multiphase pump. Currently, little research has been conducted on the effect of clearance volume on the output characteristics of multiphase pump at home and abroad, leading to extremely low efficiency in the field application of multiphase pump. Therefore, this study conducted numerical calculations on the internal flow characteristics and output performance of multiphase pump under different clearance volumes using FLUENT software. Results show that pressure and fluid velocity gradually decrease as the clearance volume increases. Simultaneously, the number and intensity of vortex flow gradually increase, media pressurization speed becomes slower, and the lag angle of the discharge valve opening becomes larger. Moreover, under conditions with a higher gas volume fraction, multiphase pump with larger clearance volumes experiences gas locking. Furthermore, this study provides a theoretical basis for the reasonable design of clearance volume for multiphase pump by drawing a relationship curve between gas volume fraction and clearance volume. These research findings can provide theoretical support for the performance optimization and design improvement of multiphase pumps.

Hofmann Clathrates: A “Blue Box” Approach to Modulate Spin‐Crossover Properties

AbstractHofmann coordination polymers (CPs) with cationic ligands provide an innovative strategy for recognizing π‐electron‐rich aromatic molecules – similar to the “little blue box”. In this study, we demonstrate that hydroquinone molecules can be incorporated into these coordination polymers when redox‐active bipyridinium derivatives are used as axial ligands. The insertion leads to a significant structural modification, resulting in a shift of the spin transition by 150 K and an approximate 23 % increase in volume, caused by the strong donor‐acceptor π‐π stacking interaction formed between the ligands and the guest molecule. These findings have been confirmed through temperature‐dependent single crystal X‐ray diffraction, magnetic measurements and optical reflectivity measurements.

Материковый сток в Кандалакшский залив Белого моря с Карельского берега в теплый сезон года (с конца весеннего паводка до осеннего половодья

In order to determine the flow of fresh water from the Karelian coast in the warm season, in 2018–2023. Seasonal observations of water flow were carried out in watercourses flowing into the Chupa, Medvezhya, Kiv, Keret and Letnyaya bays of the Kandalaksha Bay of the White Sea. In rivers and streams, changes in water flow per day were studied, starting from the end of the spring flood to the end of the autumn flood. It was revealed that river water flow in the warm season of the year from this part of the Karelian coast does not exceed 750 million m3, and stream flow – 60 million m3. Seasonal water flow has two maximums (end of May–first ten days of June and end of September–mid-October) separated by a summer low-water period. Despite the length of the summer low-water period, its share in the total seasonal runoff does not exceed 40 % (on average 34±1 %). Over the course of 6 years, the volume of stream flow in this part of the Karelian coast increased on average by 2–3 % per year, and river flow by 1–2 % per year. Two years with a low total seasonal runoff (2018 and 2022) and two years with an increased total seasonal runoff (2021 and 2023) are distinguished. The data obtained indicate that freshwater runoff from the Karelian coast to the waters of the White Sea is subject to cyclical nature with a slight increase in the total volume of continental runoff.

Nanocrystalization effects on the structural, electrical and thermoelectric properties of 10KNbO3-10Fe2O3-50B2O3-30V2O5 glass for non-volatile electronic-memory devices

AbstractThe composition: 10KNbO3-10Fe2O3-50B2O3-30V2O5 (in mol%) is produced using the conventional melt quenching method and their corresponding glass–ceramic nanocomposites were studied. The structural properties of the as-quenched sample and its heat-treated samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction and differential thermal analysis. Density (ρ) was found to decrease with increasing average nanocrystallite size as the molar volume increases. Studies on thermoelectric power have been carried out. The glass–ceramic nanocomposite after 2 h of heating exhibits significant improvement of electrical conductivity. The activation energy (W), polaron radius (rp) and other parameters have been estimated in the non-adiabatic region. The current–voltage (I–V) curve of each sample was measured. A temporal analysis of current &amp; voltage in nonlinear I–V curves show pinched hysteresis loop, which is the memristor’s fingerprint. The glass–ceramic nanocomposite after 2 h of heating exhibits a large switching window. The results of the study enable us to predict that they will be helpful for future applications of non-volatile electronic-memory devices.

Changes in Internet Search Behavior After a Direct-to-Consumer Advertising Campaign for Faricimab-svoa

Purpose: To analyze changes in Google search volume after US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval and initiation of a direct-to-consumer marketing campaign for faricimab-svoa. Methods: Google Trends data between December 26, 2021, and June 17, 2023, were downloaded and searched for terms prominently featured in the marketing campaign, including “wet AMD”, “diabetic macular edema”, “Vabysmo”, and “faricimab-svoa”. Data were standardized to the week and the term with the highest search volume, resulting in weekly relative search volumes for each term. The mean relative search volume and percentage change in relative search volume were calculated for the time periods of interest. Results: The direct-to-consumer campaign was associated with an increase in relative search volume in the first month for the terms “Vabysmo” (2.5% to 18.0%) and “wet AMD” (3.0% to 77.3%) and was sustained in the second month ( P &lt; .01). No significant changes in relative search volume were seen for the terms “diabetic macular edema” or “faricimab-svoa”. After FDA approval, “Vabysmo” had the only significant increase in relative search volume (0.3% to 2.8%; P = .02). Conclusions: A direct-to-consumer advertising campaign for faricimab-svoa was associated with a surge in Google search volume of 620% and 2475% for “Vabysmo” and “wet AMD,” respectively ( P &lt; .01), without a corresponding increase for “diabetic macular edema”. Although FDA approval was associated with an increase in search volume for “Vabysmo” ( P = .02), the marketing campaign was more influential at driving internet search behavior.

Continuous measurement in neurocritical care of cerebral blood flow (CBF) calculated from ICP and central venous pressure

The cerebral blood flow, CBF, is an important clinical parameter in neuro-intensive care. The possibility to continuously monitor CBF, computed from referential ICP, rICP (calculated from measured intracranial pressure, ICP, and central venous pressure, CVP) and venous outflow resistance, Rv, could importantly improve patient care. For the CBF(1) method the pulsative part of CBF (with rICP increase due to vascular volume increase) gives the venous outflow resistance, Rv. The CBF max method finds Rv from the close correlation between rICP and Rv. For both CBF(1) and CBF max, rICP divided with Rv gives CBF. The parameters rICP, Rv and CBF were calculated from measurements of ICP increase, and of intracerebral venous volume increase in nine subjects, by the CBF(1) method. The result, together with the finding of a close correlation between rICP and Rv, which made CBF dependent on rICP only, gave confirmation of the theory for computation of CBF, with two methods for continuous monitoring of CBF from rICP, one (CBF(1)) using the systolic ICP increase to find Rv, and one (CBF max) using the relationship between Rv and rICP at rICP exceeding about 10 mmHg in this study.

РЕКЛАМНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНА ІНДУСТРІЯ УКРАЇНИ: ВПЛИВ ФАКТОРІВ МАКРОСЕРЕДОВИЩА

The article examines changes in the structure of the advertising market and its synergy with Digital. It was established that the structure of the advertising market, as of 2023, consists of four directions: media advertising, marketing services, digital advertising and PR market. In turn, media advertising includes: TV advertising (direct advertising, sponsorship); digital TV; advertising in the press (national, including sponsorship, regional, specialized); radio advertising (national, regional, sponsorship); OOH Media (outdoor advertising, transport advertising, DOOH, Indoor advertising); advertising in cinemas; Digital (Internet) Media advertising. Marketing services include: Trade marketing (Merchandising, Trade promo, Personnel motivation and control programs); Loyalty marketing (Mailing, DB management, Contact Center); Consumer marketing; Event Marketing and Sponsorship. Digital advertising includes: banner advertising, ads in social networks, rich media; digital video, incl. Youtube; search (paid publication in search engines), including part of GDN; influencer marketing and other digital. Quantitative indicators of the advertising market were studied and significant growth of Digital advertising in 2013-2022 was revealed. The influence of macroeconomic factors, in particular, digital technologies, the COVID-19 pandemic, the Russian-Ukrainian war on advertising and communication activities is analyzed. The study showed that the COVID-19 pandemic contributed to the development and increase of market volumes, and the war led to a significant decrease in the quantitative indicators of the media advertising, marketing services and PR market. The digital market also declined, but only to the indicators of the pandemic period. It was established that the technological factor had a significant impact on the advertising market, not only by changing traditional platforms, but also by additional opportunities in the field of production of advertising materials and creativity. The changes in the legislation of Ukraine introducing the norms of the European legislation into the national legislation through the implementation of certain provisions of the EU legislation in the field of audiovisual advertising are indicated.

Decoupling study of municipal solid waste gasification: Effect of pelletization on pyrolysis and gasification of pyrolytic char

To explore the influence of pelletization on the thermal conversion of municipal solid waste (MSW), pyrolysis characteristics and gasification reactivity of MSW pellet and powder were investigated in this study. Besides, the physicochemical properties of internal char and external char within the char pellet were separately characterized. Moreover, the relationship between the physicochemical properties of char pellet and its gasification reactivity was clarified. Results showed that the pyrolytic gas yields of MSW pellets were increased by 15.47 % and 11.55 % at 700 °C and 800 °C, respectively, compared to powder MSW. It was mainly attributed that the conversion of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was promoted by the longer residence time within the pellets. Meanwhile, the physicochemical properties of pyrolytic char pellets exhibited a significant heterogeneity. Specifically, the number of ordered aromatic rings of char pellet was reduced, while the order degree of carbon structure was enhanced, particularly the internal char. However, the difference magnitude between internal and external char was diminished with temperature. This was due to the higher temperature resulting in a larger surface specific area and pore volume of the char pellet, especially the internal char, thereby enhancing the pyrolysis process. Furthermore, an increase in pore volume within the char pellet improved gasification reactivity when the conversion rate > 0.4. These findings provide a reference for the pyrolysis and gasification process of MSW pellets.

7349 Identifying the Onset of Puberty in Boys Born Small for Gestational Age (SGA)

Abstract Disclosure: S.M. Suco: None. A.C. Keselman: None. M.G. Ballerini: None. M.E. Rodriguez: None. M.G. Ropelato: None. S. Rosenbrock: None. D. Braslavsky: None. R.A. Rey: None. R.P. Grinspon: None. Introduction: Some children born SGA have an earlier pubertal onset and more rapid progression. Therefore, it is essential to identify the onset of puberty to proceed in a timely and appropriate manner. As it has also been suggested that there may be some gonadal dysfunction, the classic markers of pubertal onset, for example, testicular volume ≥ 4ml, may not be appropriate in these cases. Objective: To describe the clinical and biochemical characteristics of pubertal maturation in boys born SGA and determine parameters that best identify pubertal onset. Methods: We perform a retrospective, descriptive study of a cohort of boys born SGA with longitudinal follow-up, at a tertiary pediatric public hospital in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The subjects were selected from 1997 to 2023. Main outcome measures were serum levels of LH and AMH and testicular volume (TV). Additionally, height velocity, bone age, IGF1 and HOMA-IR were also collected to analyze its association with puberty. Pubertal onset was defined as serum LH ≥ 0.3 U/L and/or a decrease in serum AMH ≥ 30%. Results: The cohort included 25 boys born SGA, 24% were born prematurely and 60% were referred for short stature. In 18 boys (72%) AMH decline occurred with testicular volume &amp;lt; 4ml, at a median age of 9.8 yr (IQR 8.3 – 11 yr), and with median TV of 2ml. In 5 boys, LH was ≥ 0.3 U/L when AMH decline &amp;gt;30%. In 14 boys (56%) TV was &amp;lt;4ml when serum LH was ≥ 0.3 U/L. The median age for LH ≥0.3 was 11.3yr (IQR 10.4 – 12.2 yr), with a median TV of 3ml. In 3 boys the decrease in AMH occurred concomitantly with the increase in LH, while in 6 it occurred before.Alongside with the AMH decline, acceleration of bone age was observed in 35%, increase in growth velocity in 29%, increase in IGF1 concentrations in 24% and an increase in HOMA-IR in 26% of the boys. Concomitantly with an LH ≥0.3 U/L, acceleration of bone age was observed in 19%, increase in growth velocity in 25%, increase in IGF1 concentrations in 30% and an increase in HOMA-IR in 50% of the boys. Conclusion: The increase in testicular volume to 4ml, a classic parameter used as a marker of pubertal onset, may not be appropriate in a subgroup of children born SGA. Probably other parameters such as the increase in serum LH or the decrease in AMH should be considered. Presentation: 6/1/2024

Functional assessment of pavements on a university campus

With the constant increase in traffic volume at the Darcy Ribeiro Campus of the University of Brasília (UnB), attention to the preservation of road infrastructure is necessary. The implementation of an Urban Pavement Management System (UPMS) emerges as a strategy. This study aims to evaluate the functional condition of the pavements at the UnB University Campus by observing distresses on their surfaces, using the Fixed Value Matrix for 5 Distress method by Zanchetta (2017). A total of 161 road segments were evaluated, and both Objective and Subjective Pavement Condition Index (PCI) values were obtained, along with the recommended intervention for each segment. The most common types of defects found in the pavements were Raveling and Fatigue Cracks. The most suggested interventions were Preventive Maintenance (23.60%) and Corrective Maintenance (22.98%). Statistical analysis led to the conclusion that there were no significant differences between the Objective and Subjective PCI data. Thematic maps were generated for the Objective PCI, Subjective PCI, and maintenance activities in order to make georeferenced spatial information available.

8509 Molecular and Reproductive Assessment in Ames strain under or not Hormonal Replacement

Abstract Disclosure: B.V. Azevedo: None. N. Trigueiro: None. J.M. Marques: None. V. Yariwake: None. L. Tamashiro: None. R. Cruz: None. M.M. Veras: None. L. Carvalho: None. Introduction: The Ames lineage, a mouse model with a mutation in the Prop1 gene, exhibits GH, TSH, and PRL deficiencies along with low levels of gonadotropins. This has prompted an investigation into aging and reproductive restoration after hormone replacement reported in the literature. Aims: The present study aims to analyze the pathophysiologic mechanisms in the reproductive system and fertility restoration. Methods: This is a prospective study approved by the ethical committee for animal use at the University of Sao Paulo Medical School. An isogenic Ames lineage was categorized into four groups: 1) Ames wild-type mice, 2) untreated Ames dwarf mice with sexual maturity, 3) untreated Ames dwarf mice without sexual maturity, and 4) Ames dwarf mice under hormonal treatment. Male Ames dwarf mice received treatment with levothyroxine and human recombinant GH, starting at 30 days postnatal (dp) for 40 days, followed by weekly applications until 90 dp. At the time of euthanasia, a set of analyses were conducted on animals from each group to characterize sexual maturation, fertility, and tissue collection for reproductive parameter analyses, such as seminiferous tubule morphology by histology, testicular weight, gonadosomatic index, and spermogram analysis. Additionally, pituitary RNAseq was performed using the poly-A tail capture method with the Illumina stranded mRNA prep kit and sequenced on the NextSeq 2000. Results: Treated dwarf mice exhibited fertility restoration, an increase in testicular volume with an improvement of testicular function, and complete spermatogenesis. Untreated Ames dwarf mice were infertile, but those that reached sexual maturity without hormonal replacement showed improvements in reproductive parameters, such as enhanced testicular development, maturation of some seminiferous tubules, increased testicular weight, and improvement in the spermogram compared to immature Ames dwarf mice. Transcriptome analyses revealed distinct patterns of all Ames dwarf mice groups and the wild-type. It was observed a decrease in Fshb expression in the group without sexual maturation compared to the wild-type group. Additionally, Prl and Slc6a12 were upregulated in the spontaneously sexually mature Ames dwarf compared to the non-restored Ames dwarf mice. Conclusion: GH and levothyroxine treatment in the Ames lineage are effective in restoring fertility and improving reproductive parameters in male Ames dwarf mice. However, sexually mature Ames dwarf mice without treatment presented improvements in reproductive and molecular parameters despite remaining infertile. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex interaction among hormonal replacement, modulating mechanisms, and sexual maturity. Presentation: 6/2/2024

8273 ACTH-Dependent Cushing's Syndrome Due To Metastatic Cervical Cancer: A Case Report

Abstract Disclosure: T.D. Bertolacini da Silva: None. V.D. Kamura: None. P.D. Buchalla: None. A.G. Simoes: None. S. Glina: None. Z.M. Campos: None. I.S. Rosa: None. P.X. Santi: None. Background: The association of dependent Cushing's ACTH Syndrome with certain types of cancer is well known, such as small cell lung cancer, enteropancreatic tumors, thymoma, thyroid cancer, however, in association with cervical cancer there are almost no cases described. Clinical Case: A 39-year women, showed about 2.5 years ago with abnormal uterine bleeding, being submitted to colposcopy with the presence of exophytic, friable and hardened lesion in the anterior region of the cervix. Biopsies revealed adenocarcinoma, endometrioid type and immunohistochemistry (IHC) positive for: Ki-67 80%, vimentin and CEA. Patient underwent initial treatment with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, losing follow-up with Oncology. After 1 year, the patient was admitted to a hospital with behavioral alteration, including suicidal ideation, muscle weakness, breast enlargement and hair growth on the face. On physical examination, there was the presence of hypertension, hyperglycemia, centripetal obesity, legs edema and hirsutism. Due to the typical symptoms, the hypothesis of Cushing's Syndrome was made and laboratory and imaging tests were requested. Initial tests: K 1.9 mmol/L (3.5-5.6 mmol/L), Na 146 mmol/L (137-145 mmol/L), TSH 0.25 uIU/mL (0.49-5.58 uIU/mL/mL), free T4 0.78 ng/dL (0.89-1.53 ng/dL), pH 7.57 (7.36-7.41), HCO3 43.1 mmol/L (23-27 mmol/L), LH 0.15 mIU/mL (1.9-12.5 mIU/mL), FSH 1.02 mIU/mL (2.5-10 mIU/mL), estradiol 84.1 pg/mL (&amp;lt; 32.2 pg/mL), ACTH 365.0 pg/mL and 98.6 pg/mL (&amp;lt; 46 pg/mL), cortisol &amp;gt; 75 ug/dL (5.27-22.5 ug/dL), urinary cortisol 3790 ug/24h (4-60 ug/24h), testosterone 333 ng/dL (12 - 59 ng/dL), free testosterone 10.12 ng/dL (0.08-1.1 ng/dL), dehydrotestosterone 1,620 pg/mL (&amp;lt; 596 pg/mL), androstenedione &amp;gt; 10 ng/mL (0.3-3.3 ng/mL). The dosages of ACTH and cortisol were performed after the dexamethasone suppression test and a pituitary MRI was normal. The MRI of the abdomen and pelvis showed multiple solid nodular lesions in liver with varying sizes compatible with metastatic disease, in addition, showed the increase in the bilateral volume of the adrenals. Liver biopsy was performed exhibiting carcinoma infiltration with IHC compatible with neuroendocrine tumor, positive for: CDX-2, SATB2, chromogranin A and synaptophysin (waiting for ACTH). Other primary sites were ruled out. The patient was initially treated with Etomidate in a continuous infusion, without tolerance and little control of hypercortisolism, after initiating Ketoconazole which was suspended due to hepatotoxicity, and then underwent bilateral adrenalectomy. Unfortunately, she died 4 days after surgery due to septic shock. Conclusion: This case report brings a very rare association of Cushing's syndrome by ectopic ACTH due to cervical cancer, with less than 10 cases reported, in which we highlight the diagnostic difficulty, the complexity of treatment and the high risk of morbidity and mortality. Presentation: 6/1/2024