Increase In Initial Concentration Research Articles

Effect of calcium peroxide pretreatment on anaerobic digestion of primary and secondary sludge of A2/O process

In order to evaluate comprehensively the impact of calcium peroxide (CP) on anaerobic digestion (AD) of primary sludge (P-sludge) and secondary sludge (S-sludge) of anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic process, a series of batch experiments were conducted in the lab scale. Results showed that CP pretreatment could kill Fecal Coliform completely in 72.0 h and promote the solubilization of S-sludge more significantly than P-sludge. Compared with the control, the maximum CH4 production potential and the maximum specific CH4 production rate of P-sludge AD only increased by 11.2 % and 6.10 %, respectively, but those of S-sludge AD increased by 40.7 % and 58.4 % after the same pretreatment, indicating that CP pretreatment was more conducive to methane production of S-sludge. Moreover, the increase of alkalinity and initial acetate concentration of S-sludge was greater than that of P-sludge after pretreatment according to the process analysis of hydrolysis. Notably, CP pretreatment reduced the PO43−-P concentration and chromaticity in the AD supernatant of both sludges, which was beneficial to the subsequent treatment of biogas slurry. In addition, CP pretreatment increased the content of total nutrient and decreased the content of harmful heavy metals in both biogas residues. Conclusively, compared with P-sludge, CP pretreatment is more suitable for S-sludge AD. This work firstly provides a comprehensive evaluation of CP pretreatment to waste sludge produced in anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic process of wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), which is of great significance in enriching the pretreatment technology of waste sludge and promoting the application of CP pretreatment in WWTP.

Synergistic degradation of methylene blue by laser cavitation and activated carbon fiber

Methylene blue is widely used, but highly toxic and difficult to be degraded. In this paper, a new method of synergistic degradation of methylene blue by laser cavitation and activated carbon fiber is proposed. This paper theoretically studies the synergistic degradation effect, including radical oxidation effect, shock wave breakdown effect and activated carbon fiber surface adsorption effect. The deep degradation of methylene blue was studied experimentally, and the key influencing factors were analyzed. The results show that: the reason why methylene blue can be degraded is because of the oxidation effect of hydroxyl radicals, thermal decomposition and adsorption of molecules on the surface of carbon fibers. The main factors affecting the degradation rate of methylene blue solution are laser energy and initial concentration of solution. The degradation rate increased by 37.4% with the increase of laser energy (12–48 mJ) and decreased by 2.6% with the increase of initial concentration (0.01–0.05 mg/ml). The maximum degradation rate (93%) of methylene blue solution was reached at 48 mJ and 0.01 mg/ml for 30 min. Compared with the traditional adsorption degradation of carbon fibers, the degradation rate of the synergistic degradation of methylene blue solution by laser cavitation and activated carbon fibers can be increased by about 80% in a short time (30 min).

Fixed‐bed column adsorption of methyl orange by poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)‐functionalized manganese oxide

AbstractBACKGROUNDFixed‐bed column adsorption provides a practical approach for decontamination of wastewater from toxic azo dyes. A novel water‐stable poly(vinyl pyrrolidone)‐functionalized manganese oxide hydrothermally prepared for methyl orange azo dye adsorption is reported.RESULTSSurface studies of the composite were conducted using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction and surface area analysis. The surface area of the composite (113 m2 g−1) was greater than that of plain metal oxide (108 m2 g−1). The point of zero charge was calculated using the salt addition method. A continuous flow of methyl orange was carried out in a 40 cm long glass column under different operating conditions determining the breakthrough curve and the breakthrough point time. Experiments were carried out as a function of initial dye concentration (10–30 mg L−1), bed height (0.6–1.5 cm) and rate of flow (5–20 mL min−1) from the column at constant temperature and pH.CONCLUSIONSThe saturation time increases from 700 to 3500 min with increase in bed length. The saturation time decreases from 2000 to 400 min with an increase in initial dye concentration. Similarly, when the flow rate is increased the saturation time and dye adsorption are reduced and the breakthrough curve becomes steeper. The adsorption data were evaluated using the Thomas model to calculate maximum adsorption at various flow rates and the Yoon–Nelson model to identify exactly the saturation point, confirming that the rate of reaction increases with increasing flow rate. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).

Amaranth wastewater treatment by intensified ozonation in a rotating zigzag bed

This study investigated the treatment of amaranth wastewater by ozone (O3) in a rotating zigzag bed (RZB), in which a high gravity environment was created to intensify O3 mass transfer and enhance the degradation of amaranth. The degradation effect of amaranth was evaluated in terms of decolorization rate of the wastewater and removal rate of chemical oxygen demand under various operating conditions. Intermediate products of amaranth degradation were also investigated to elucidate the degradation mechanisms of amaranth. Results show that the degradation efficiency generally increased with increase in initial pH, rotational speed of RZB, initial O3 concentration, gas flow rate but declined with increase in both liquid flow rate and initial amaranth concentration. The decolorization rate of the wastewater reached 92.8 % within a liquid retention time of several seconds in the RZB, suggesting that RZB can significantly enhance the mass transfer rate of O3 into liquid and thus improve the degradation efficiency of amaranth.

Wettability and evaporation of dilute sodium dodecyl sulfate droplets on micropillar-arrayed non-wetting surfaces

Wettability and evaporation of dilute sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) droplets on micropillar-arrayed polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were experimentally studied. It was found that the apparent, advancing and receding contact angles all decreased with the increase of initial SDS concentration and wettability of dilute SDS droplets depended on both SDS concentration and surface roughness. Due to the adhesion between the droplets and the micropillars, all evaporation began with constant contact radius (CCR) mode. It is more interesting that short-time spontaneous spreading was found to follow the CCR stage for dilute SDS droplets evaporating on the patterned surface with sparser micropillars, which can be attributed to the transition from the Cassie-Baxter wetting state to the Wenzel wetting state (CB-W transition). Such a transition has been experimentally observed and a theoretical model was developed to qualitatively elucidate the spontaneous spreading.

Heterogeneous catalytic oxidation of tetracycline hydrochloride based on persulfate activated by Fe3O4/MC composite

In this study, a novel magnetic mesoporous carbon composite (Fe3O4/MC) was prepared by manganese carbonate (MnCO3) as the template to activate persulfate (PS) for tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) degradation. The characterization results showed that Fe3O4 nanoparticles were evenly distributed on the surface of MC, and Fe3O4/MC had the large surface area of 433.88 m2∙g−1. When the initial TC concentration was 50 mg·L−1, Fe3O4/MC dosage was 0.0336 g, PS dosage was 0.0476 g and the reaction temperature was 30 °C, Fe3O4/MC + PS system could degrade 92.9% of TC within 90 min. TC degradation efficiency increased with the increase of Fe3O4/MC dosage and temperature, but decreased with the increase of TC initial concentration and pH value. The increase of PS concentration first improved TC degradation efficiency, and then was not conducive to its degradation. The quenching experiments indicated that the sulfate radical (SO4•−), superoxide radical (•O2–) and singlet oxygen (1O2) in Fe3O4/MC + PS system contributed to TC degradation. Meanwhile, the toxicity evaluation of the degradation products confirmed that the toxicity of TC in Fe3O4/MC + PS system was greatly reduced. Totally, this study systematically investigated the performance of the Fe3O4/MC + PS system for TC removal, laying a theoretical and practical foundation for treatment of potential antibiotic wastewater (ppm range) in the future.

Adsorption of microplastics on aquifer media: Effects of the action time, initial concentration, ionic strength, ionic types and dissolved organic matter

The adsorption of microplastic (MPs) on aquifer media is affected by their own properties and environmental factors. Research results have shown that the adsorption capacity of MPs on the three media has the following order: fine sand > medium sand > coarse sand, and the adsorption equilibrium times are 8 h, 12 h and 24 h, respectively. The adsorption process has three stages (fast linear distribution, slow adsorption and equilibrium stability), and the action law is compounded by the pseudo-second-order kinetic equation. After adsorption, MPs were observed on the three media, and there were single existence and aggregation phenomena. The energy spectrum analysis indicates that elemental carbon (C) appears on the surface of the medium after the action occurs, and the surface of the media adsorbs MPs to varying degrees. According to the results of infrared spectroscopy, after action, the peak areas of the absorption peaks at 680-880 cm−1 and 1450-1620 cm−1 increase. The absorption peaks are mainly C–H out-of-plane bending vibrations from aromatic hydrocarbons and C–H stretching vibrations on the benzene ring skeleton. As the initial concentration increases, the equilibrium adsorption capacity increases linearly. The isothermal adsorption of MPs in porous media conforms to the Freundlich model. The adsorption process is also affected by different anions and cations. The higher the ionic strength of NH4+ is, the weaker the electrostatic effect of negatively charged MPs, thereby increasing the adsorption capacity of microplastics on porous media. Ca2+ can promote the adsorption of MPs by the media through the formation of ternary complexes between cations, MPs and surface functional groups. The increase in SO42− and HCO3− concentrations gradually inhibits the adsorption of MPs.

Phase inversion simulation of polymer PVDF membrane based on a fluid model

Based on the non-solvent-induced phase inversion (NIPS) membrane production process, we developed a model incorporating hydrodynamic effects and phase-field theory to simulate the phase separation process induced by concentration differences in polymer solutions. The influences of the initial polymer concentration and the composition of the coagulation bath on the film structure were studied. We found that the phase separation process starts from the top of the polymer solution layer and proceeds downwards in the layered structure. In the same system, as the initial PVDF concentration increases, the simulated morphology changes from a bi-continuous pattern to isolated droplets, thus determining the membrane morphology. Also, the validity of the model has been verified by corresponding experiments. Therefore, the model can be applied to other PVDF ternary membrane systems by modifying the material and its property parameters.

Experimental and Numerical Modelling of Deep-Sea-Mining-Generated Turbidity Currents

Renewable energy installations and energy storage solutions require significant quantities of critical raw materials such as nickel, cobalt and rare earth metals. The supply chains of these raw materials face many difficulties, such as the continuous decrease of mineral ore grades on land. In view of these complications, the motivation to search for new resources has grown, with the deep sea being seen as a potential source of these minerals. Polymetallic nodule mining generates turbidity currents, which could negatively impact the deep-sea environment. For that reason, we investigate this type of current experimentally and numerically in order to characterize the generated turbidity current. Various non-cohesive sediment types, i.e., different particle sizes, and different concentrations are tested using a lock-exchange set-up. Three sediment types (glass beads, silica sand and a 50/50 blend of glass beads and silica sand) with seven initial sediment concentrations are examined. Additionally, for the numerical work, a drift–flux modelling approach is used to simulate the performed lock-exchange experiments. The results show that the front velocities of the currents resulting from the three sediment types increases with increasing initial concentrations inside the lock regardless. Moreover, using the same initial concentration, the difference in front velocities between the generated currents of the three sediment types decreases as the initial concentration increases. When using an initial volumetric concentration of 2.5% and 3%, the difference in front velocities between the generated current of the three sediment types vanishes. Finally, by comparing the numerical and experimental results, the drift–flux model is proven to be a reliable numerical model for predicting the current.

Synthesis of chitosan-coated magnetite nanoparticles using co-precipitation method for copper(II) ions removal in aqueous solution

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to focus on the removal of copper(II) ions from aqueous model salt solution by using chitosan-coated magnetite nanoparticles.Design/methodology/approachThe chitosan-coated magnetite nanoparticles were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric differential thermal analysis. The adsorption of Cu(II) by using magnetite nanoparticles as an adsorbent was investigated under different adsorption conditions. The parameters studied were contact time, adsorbent dose and initial concentrations.FindingsThe sorption capacities of prepared samples were studied for the removal of Cu2+ ions from aqueous model solutions with varying experimental conditions of the initial metal concentration, contact time and dosage. It is found that the removal percent of Cu2+ ions increases with an increase in initial metal concentration, contact time and amount of dosage.Originality/valueBased on the obtained results, this study recommends that chitosan-coated magnetite nanoparticles can also be applied for removal of some heavy metal ions and/or organic compounds in aqueous solution. It is recommended that this study be shared with the polymer-based nanomaterial researchers, especially material science.

Supercritical water oxidation of coal pyrolysis wastewater: Effects of main operating parameters and reaction pathways of 2-(N-Morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid

Coal pyrolysis wastewater has high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) contents, which seriously endanger human health and environment. In this work, supercritical water oxidation attempted to dispose coal pyrolysis wastewater. The results showed that the removal rates of COD and NH3-N were significantly improved with the increase of reaction temperature, oxidation coefficient, residence time and initial COD concentration. Residence time and reaction temperature played more important roles in organic matter degradation, and their extremum differences in orthogonal tests were 6.8% and 2.6%, respectively. The supercritical water oxidation processes of the N-containing compound 2-(N-Morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid in coal pyrolysis wastewater were speculated to mainly include two reaction pathways, in which large amounts of hexadecane, heptadecane and butyramide were found in the second pathway.

Phenol degradation of waste and stormwater on a flat plate photocatalytic reactor with TiO2 on glass slide: An experimental and modelling investigation

Heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation process using TiO2 (titanium dioxide) and UV light is a promising method to degrade a wide variety of recalcitrant organic substances such as phenol, pesticides, herbicides, etc. from waste and stormwater. Due to lack of suitable computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, the industrial-scale application of this technique poses a few challenges indicating the need to clearly understand the hydrodynamic behaviour of the photocatalytic system and investigate the ways of improving their performance. Inadequate mixing and turbulence in a fixed photocatalytic reactor limit the performance of the reactor in terms of pollutant mass transport to the catalyst surface and pollutant degradation. In this study, a 3D flat plate photocatalytic reactor was designed and developed, and numerically analysed using CFD code FLUENT to investigate the performance of the reactor. The CFD modelling results were validated against the experimental data at various flow conditions. The CFD results including velocity and phenol concentration was found in strong agreement with the experimental results with R2 value of 0.998. The experimental results shows that the phenol degradation was 85.5% when the irradiation was 70.6 Wm−2 and initial concentration of phenol was 20 PPM The experimental results also show that the phenol degradation increases with the increase of irradiation but decreases with the increase of initial concentration. The results show that phenol degradation of the reactor decreases with the increase in flow rate as expected. The CFD model can accurately predict the velocity and the concentration of phenol at different flow rates.

Biosorption of Lead (II) by Natural Bentonite: Adsorbent Characterization and Performance Assessment

In this research, the results of bentonite characterization (pH value of bentonite suspension, point of zero charge, cation exchange capacity, SEM, XRF, DTG) are presented. The results of lead (II) removal efficiency at initial lead (II) concentrations of 200, 300 and 400 mg/L, and biosorbent dosage of 1 gram in 50 ml of lead(II) solution, are also presented, as well as the values of the Freundlich and Langmuir constants from the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms. The obtained results showed that removal efficiency is high for all three examined initial lead (II) concentrations, and it is above 99%. The lead (II) removal efficiency slightly decreases with an increase in initial lead concentration. Experimental data obtained from adsorption experiment with contact time of 2.5 minutes, stirring rate 100 rpm, temperature 250C and pH value 5 are better fitted with the linearized Langmuir equation isotherm, giving an R2 value closest to unity (0.9994), than to linearized Freundlich equation (0.9886).

Organophilicized Bentonite for Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue (MB) Dye in Aqueous Medium: Thermodynamics, Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies

HDTMA and TMPA cations intercalated bentonite clay has been assessed for the effective removal of methylene blue dye (MB) in aqueous solution. The adsorbents has been characterized by Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Various sorption parameters like effect of initial MB concentration, contact time and pH were used to investigate the sorption process. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms as well as Pseudo First order, Pseudo Second order and intraparticle diffusion kinetic models were applied to investigate the sorption mechanisms. Results from the adsorption experiment confirmed 180 minutes as equilibrium time for maximum sorption of MB by both organoclays. Increase in initial MB concentration resulted to a corresponding increase in the adsorption capacities of both organoclays. Adsorption of MB by the organoclays were highly influenced by pH, as maximum sorption of MB was achieved at pH of 7. Among the isotherm and kinetic models exploited, the Langmuir isotherm and Pseudo second order kinetic model gave best fit to the experimental data respectively. Results from thermodynamic studies showed that the process of adsorption of MB onto the organoclays were feasible, spontaneous and exothermic; and successful reapplication of regenerated spent organoclays (Bt-HDTMA and Bt-TMPA) yielded MB dye removal percentage of 89.6 and 85.3% respectively at 60 minutes contact time. Therefore, the results obtained from the entire study confirms the efficacy of HDTMA and TMPA intercalated bentonite clay for effective removal of cationic dyes in aqueous solution at optimal experimental conditions

Solid-state hydroxylation of polypropylene

The solid-state hydroxylation of polypropylene (PP) in water solution was investigated as a simple and attractive way for the surface hydroxylation of PP. The functionalization was initiated by potassium persulfate (K2S2O8) under inert atmosphere. The effect of various reaction parameters and surfactants on the concentration of -OH group bonded on PP backbone ([OH]PP) and the extent of collateral reactions was discussed. The increase of [OH]PP with the increase of initial concentration of K2S2O8 ([K2S2O8]0) was proved by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). β-scission and oxidative degradation of PP was detected with respect to the change of rheological behavior, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and FTIR. On the other hand, inverse collateral reaction leading to the increase of molar mass were evidenced at prolonged reaction period. Surface hydroxylation was detected mainly in the amorphous phase, however at prolonged reaction period the reaction occurred even in the crystalline phase.

Secondary organic aerosol formation from photooxidation of γ-butyro and γ-valero-lactone: A combined experimental and theoretical study

The formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) generated by OH-photooxidation of γ-butyrolactone (GBL) and γ-valerolactone (GVL) in the presence of OH, NO, H2O vapour and aerosol seeds ((NH4)2SO4 and CaCl2) has been investigated for the first time. Experiments were conducted in a smog chamber at 298 K and atmospheric pressure. Lactone's decay was followed by gas chromatography with a mass spectrometric detector (GC-MS), and the temporal evolution of the SOA was monitored using a fast mobility particle sizer (FMPS). The SOA yield increases slightly when the initial GVL concentration increases. On the other hand, SOA formation is minor for GBL, and it rises slightly at low concentrations. In the case of GVL, the organic aerosol formation can be tentatively expressed by a one-product gas/particle partitioning absorption model. The particle number concentration, mass and yield decrease in the presence of NO but increase at higher relative humidity (RH) and seed surface area within the studied range. Acetic acid and succinic anhydride for GVL, and succinic anhydride for GBL were experimentally identified as oxidation products both in gas and particle phase using thermal desorption followed by GC-MS. Moreover, the theoretical studies carried out to complement the experimental results indicate that H-abstraction at the carbon site adjacent to the heterocyclic oxygen is the predominant pathway, being even more favourable when H2O was added. Also, under atmospheric conditions, the opening of the ring of the corresponding oxy-radicals and their subsequent fragmentation could be the possible explanation for the formation of detected products and the higher yield of SOA in the presence of H2O and absence of NO. Considering these results, the formation of SOA from the use of both lactones as potential biofuels is few significative, although SOA generation may be enhancement by particle-phase heterogeneous reactions catalyzed by humidity and the acidity of seed aerosols present in real atmosphere.

Heat-activated peracetic acid for degradation of diclofenac: kinetics, influencing factors and mechanism

ABSTRACT Heat-activated peracetic acid (PAA) was used to degrade diclofenac (DCF) in this study. Electron paramagnetic resonance and radical scavenging experiments proved that organic radicals (i.e. CH3C(=O)O• and CH3C(=O)OO•) were the primary active species for DCF removal in the heat/PAA process. The degradation efficiency of DCF increased with the increase of temperature or initial PAA concentration in the heat/PAA process, and the optimal reaction pH for DCF removal was neutral. The presence of NO3 − or SO4 2− insignificantly affected DCF degradation, while Cl− was favourable for DCF removal in this process. In contrast, an obvious inhibition on the removal of DCF was observed with the addition of natural organic matter, which might be responsible for the lower DCF removal in real waters. Finally, dechlorination, formylation, dehydrogenation and hydroxylation were proposed to be four degradation pathways of DCF in the heat/PAA system based on the five detected transformation products.

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation May Not Stop Glutamate Release in the Cerebral Cortex.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may not be sufficient to halt the progression of brain damage. Using extracellular glutamate concentration as a marker for neuronal damage, we quantitatively evaluated the degree of brain damage during resuscitation without return of spontaneous circulation. Extracellular cerebral glutamate concentration was measured with a microdialysis probe every 2 minutes for 40 minutes after electrical stimulation-induced cardiac arrest without return of spontaneous circulation in Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were divided into 3 groups (7 per group) according to the treatment received during the 40 minutes observation period: mechanical ventilation without chest compression (group V); mechanical ventilation and chest compression (group VC) and; ventilation, chest compression and brain hypothermia (group VCH). Chest compression (20 min) and hypothermia (40 min) were initiated 6 minutes after the onset of cardiac arrest. Glutamate concentration increased in all groups after cardiac arrest. Although after the onset of chest compression, glutamate concentration showed a significant difference at 2 min and reached the maximum at 6 min (VC group; 284±48 μmol/L vs. V group 398±126 μmol/L, P =0.003), there was no difference toward the end of chest compression (513±61 μmol/L vs. 588±103 μmol/L, P =0.051). In the VCH group, the initial increase in glutamate concentration was suddenly suppressed 2 minutes after the onset of brain hypothermia. CPR alone reduced the progression of brain damage for a limited period but CPR in combination with brain cooling strongly suppressed increases in glutamate levels.

Development of in-situ starch grafted copolymerized gels for conglomerate reservoir conformance control and oil recovery improvement

To improve the waterflooding efficiency in the conglomerate reservoir with severe heterogeneity in the Xinjiang Oilfield, an in-situ starch grafted copolymerized gel (ISGCG) system as a strong plugging material was developed. Through viscosity experiment, rheological measurement, gel strength test, and sand pack plugging experiment, the gelation performance of the ISGCG system were systematically evaluated in the laboratory. Experimental results showed that the ISGCG system was a typical pseudoplastic fluid. It was also a shear-thinning fluid, which is beneficial to its pumping and deep propagation in the petroleum formation. In addition, with the increase of starch concentration, both the elastic modulus (G′) and viscous modulus (G″) of the gel system increased first and then decreased. When the concentration of starch reached 3 wt%, the viscoelasticity was the strongest. In addition, as the concentration of cross-linking agents increased, the gel strength also increased first and then decreased. However, the gelation time slightly changed. Moreover, with the increase of initiator concentration, the gelation time gradually reduced, but the gel strength did not change significantly. The ISGCG system had excellent injection performance in the conglomerate reservoir rocks since its viscosity was low. It also had a strong adhesion force with the reservoir sand after cross-linking, so the robust plugging strength during the secondary waterflooding process can be guaranteed. Last, the in-situ starch grafted copolymerized gel (ISGCG) has been successfully applied in a conglomerate reservoir in the Xinjiang Oilfield, China. After treatments of the ISGCG system, the daily water cut of the treated well reduced from 92.7% to a minimum of 75.8%, and the daily oil production increased from 8.1 to 18.8 t/d. It shows the ISGCG system is a promising material for conformance control and oil recovery improvement in conglomerate reservoirs.

Synthesis, characterization, and photocatalytic performance of methyl orange in aqueous TiO2 suspension under UV and solar light irradiation

Nano-crystalline titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst has been extensively utilized in the last few decades because of its strong oxidizing power, redox selectivity, and higher photocatalytic performance. In this work, TiO2 nanoparticle (NPs) was synthesized, characterized, and applied for the degradation of methyl orange (MO) dye in an aqueous solution under UV and solar light irradiations. The XRD results showed dominated anatase phase (82%) with a smaller crystalline size (18.23 nm). A rough surface with a uniform spherical shape was observed by SEM analysis. FTIR and UV–Vis/DRS spectroscopy confirmed the stretching vibration of the hydroxyl groups and higher absorption edge towards longer wavelength with smaller bandgap energy (3.12 eV) of TiO2 lattice structure. The activity of TiO2 NPs was carried out from the degradation of MO dye as a model contaminant for textile effluent in presence of UV/solar irradiation. The photodegradation efficiency of MO dye (15 mg L−1) was observed at 85.90% and 96.38% for 0.150 g and 0.030 g of TiO2 NPs at natural pH (7.0), after 5 h of UV and solar light irradiation. The respective rate constants were determined to be 0.0063 min−1 and 0.01 min−1 for UV and simulated solar light irradiation respectively, and exhibited the best-fitted kinetic model of pseudo-first-order. The photodegradation efficiency was increased with the decrease of pH, while efficiency decreased with an increase in initial dye concentration. The obtained result from TiO2 NPs was compared with commercially available Degussa P25 catalyst. The photocatalyst reusability test and reaction mechanism were also evaluated. The study suggests that TiO2 NPs are a promising photocatalyst that can be used for the degradation of organic dye compounds from textile wastewater towards the sustainable management of environment.