The present paper reports the thermoluminescence properties of 6 MeV electron irradiated Dy doped CaF2 nanophosphors (NPs), at different doses from 25 Gy to 1.2 kGy. Here, the chemical co-precipitation method was used to prepare the CaF2:Dy nanophosphor with an optimized concentration of Dy dopants. The structural and morphological configuration of the nanophosphor were investigated by using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, which confirms the FCC phase exhibiting crystallite size ∼54 nm and particle size of 88 nm, respectively. In the case of thermoluminescence properties, it is observed that 1 mol % doped NPs possess a simple and single glow curve at 230 °C at the electron fluence of 75 × 1011 e/cm2 (750 Gy). The linearity of absorbed dose-response is found to be linear with increase in electron fluence (dose) from 25 × 1010 e/cm2 (2.5 Gy) to 75 × 1011 e/cm2 (750 Gy). The fading and reproducibility characteristics have been explored and the kinetic parameters were calculated by using GCD and peak shape method etc.