Increase In Inspiratory Muscle Strength Research Articles

Inspiratory muscle training increases inspiratory muscle strength in patients weaning from mechanical ventilation: a systematic review

Does inspiratory muscle training improve inspiratory muscle strength and endurance, facilitate weaning, improve survival, and reduce the rate of reintubation and tracheostomy in adults receiving mechanical ventilation? Systematic review of randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials. Adults over 16 years of age receiving mechanical ventilation. Inspiratory muscle training versus sham or no inspiratory muscle training. Data were extracted regarding inspiratory muscle strength and endurance, the duration of unassisted breathing periods, weaning success and duration, reintubation and tracheostomy, survival, adverse effects, and length of stay. Three studies involving 150 participants were included in the review. The studies varied in time to commencement of the training, the device used, the training protocol, and the outcomes measured. Inspiratory muscle training significantly increased inspiratory muscle strength over sham or no training (weighted mean difference 8 cmH(2)O, 95% CI 6 to 9). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in weaning success or duration, survival, reintubation, or tracheostomy. Inspiratory muscle training was found to significantly increase inspiratory muscle strength in adults undergoing mechanical ventilation. Despite data from a substantial pooled cohort, it is not yet clear whether the increase in inspiratory muscle strength leads to a shorter duration of mechanical ventilation, improved weaning success, or improved survival. Further large randomised studies are required to clarify the impact of inspiratory muscle training on patients receiving mechanical ventilation. PROSPERO CRD42011001132.

Target-flow Inspiratory Muscle Training Improves Running Performance in Recreational Runners: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been shown to possibly improve exercise performance, but reports on IMT and running performance are rare. The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of target-flow IMT on running performance in recreational runners. Sixteen healthy recreational runners (five females) were recruited for the present study. They were randomly allocated into either an experimental or control group. Participants in the experimental group underwent a 6-week target-flow IMT programme, while those in the control group underwent a 6-week shoulder circumduction exercise programme. Running performance during a 1,500-m time trial run was assessed before and after the intervention period. After the intervention period, only the experimental group demonstrated an increase in inspiratory muscle strength (by 16.15 ± 7.44 cmH2O; p < 0.05) and reduced completion time in the 1,500-m time trial (by 9.63 ± 5.42 seconds; p < 0.05). Exertion sensation was reduced by 1.63 ± 0.74 points (p < 0.05). No changes were observed in maximal aerobic capacity and pulmonary function in either group after the intervention period. A 6-week target-flow IMT programme enhanced running performance in recreational runners.

Specific Inspiratory Muscle Training in Patients With Mild Asthma With High Consumption of Inhaled β2-Agonists

It has been known for many years that there are variations between asthmatic patients in terms of their perception of breathlessness during airway obstruction. To investigate the relationship between beta(2)-agonist consumption and the score of perception of dyspnea, in mild asthmatics, and the relationship between the effect of specific inspiratory muscle training (SIMT) on the score of perception of dyspnea and beta(2)-agonist consumption in "high perceivers." Daily beta(2)-agonist consumption was assessed during a 4-week run-in period in 82 patients with mild asthma. Patients with a mean beta(2)-agonist consumption of > 1 puff/d ("high consumers") then were randomized into two groups: one group of patients received SIMT for 3 months; the other group of patients was assigned as a control group and received sham training. Inspiratory muscle strength and perception of dyspnea were assessed before patients entered the study, following the 4-week run-in period, and after completing the training period. Following the 4-week run-in period, 23 high-consumer patients (mean [+/- SEM] beta(2)-agonist consumption, 2.7 +/- 0.4 puffs/d) were detected. The mean Borg score during breathing against resistance was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the patients with high beta(2)-agonist consumption than in the subjects with low mean beta(2)-agonist consumption. Following SIMT, the mean maximal inspiratory pressure increased significantly from 94.1 +/- 5.1 to 109.7 +/- 5.2 cm H(2)O (p < 0.005) in the training group. The increase in inspiratory muscle strength was associated with a statistically significant decrease in the mean Borg score during breathing against resistance (p < 0.05) as well as in the mean daily beta(2)-agonist consumption. We have shown that patients with mild asthma, who have a high beta(2)-agonist consumption, have a higher perception of dyspnea than those with normal consumption. In addition, SIMT was associated with a decrease in perception of dyspnea and a decrease in beta(2)-agonist consumption.