Increased Employment Opportunities Research Articles

PERILAKU POLITIK PEREMPUAN TANI DALAM PILKADA LANGSUNG: Studi di Kecamatan Konda Kabupaten Konawe Selatan

This study aims to explore deeper the motivations, attitudes, and political preferences of women farmers in direct regional elections, and how social, economic, and cultural factors influence their political behaviour. This study is a qualitative descriptive study, with a case study approach. This study uses a qualitative research method. The methods used to collect data in this study are: observation, interviews and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the motivations, attitudes, and political preferences of women farmers in direct regional elections are greatly influenced by social, economic, and cultural factors. The majority of women farmers choose candidates who are considered capable of supporting family needs and improving community welfare. Their political attitudes are also shaped by their life experiences, social interactions, and roles in the family. Policies that focus on the economic empowerment of women farmers, such as increasing employment opportunities or skills training programs, often attract their attention. These preferences are not only the result of urgent needs but also a reflection of women farmers' aspirations to improve the standard of living of their families and their environment.

Labour Market Impacts of Renewable Portfolio Standards

This paper examines how the U.S. Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPS) policy affects the jobs of renewable energy (RE) (solar, hydropower and wind) and conventional energy (CE) (coal and natural gas) industries through panel data. Exploiting the state-level variations in the RPS target rates, this paper also investigates if any spillover effects of the RPS exist from neighbouring states using a fixed-effects vector decomposition model. Findings indicate that an escalation in the RPS target rate increases employment opportunities within the RE sector, while simultaneously causing a decline in employment within the CE sector. Establishing a positive RPS target rate is crucial because the spillover effect from each state has a significantly positive impact. The decision of a state to set its own RPS target plays a crucial role in shaping the level of spillover effects on job creation.

Evaluation of Government Public Expenditure Performance of the North Sulawesi Province in Increasing Job Opportunities

Local governments, as the main actors in public budget management, have a significant role in creating an environment that supports economic growth and expands access to the workforce. This study aims to evaluate the performance of public spending of the North Sulawesi Provincial Government in increasing employment opportunities. The focus of this research is on the analysis of public expenditure allocation and its impact on job creation in the province. The method used is descriptive qualitative research with a library research approach that analyzes public expenditure data, programs implemented, and their impact on job opportunities. The results of the study show that public spending allocated to sectors such as infrastructure, community empowerment, and skills education has a positive impact on creating jobs, especially in the construction, agriculture, and service sectors. However, the challenge faced is the mismatch of the skills provided in training with the needs of the labor market. The study suggests that the government improve the relevance and quality of skills training programs and expand the sectors that receive attention in public spending to create more sustainable and inclusive jobs.

Evaluation of sports tourism development policy in Sumedang

The local government is making serious efforts to develop tourism in several destinations in Sumedang. Various policies regarding tourism were created to facilitate the implementation of regional tourism. To ensure the level of success of tourism policies, researchers evaluated sports tourism policies. Materials and Methods. The research method used is an evaluation method with a logic model with keys including context, input, activity, output, outcome, and impact. Research subjects include local governments, sports players, tourists, and the community. The research instruments used included interviews with 32 questions, observation, and documentation. Results. The results of this research include a context (policy, organization and program objectives), input (human resources, number of sport tourism, budget, facility time, and activities (training, material development, program implementation, and event promotion), output (participants, total income, increased employment opportunities, and improved regional image), outcome (knowledge, behaviour, social conditions, and economic quality), impact (social change, improved quality of life) Conclusions. This research provides implications for policymakers to maximise local governments' role in developing regional tourism, especially sports tourism. Evaluation of sports tourism policies in this research provide suggestions for local governments to review and make sports tourism a priority tourism.

Improving Student Entrepreneurship Skills through Training and Mentoring

Every organisation from student organisations, schools and other organisations need training programmes. However, the problem is that there is no training centre that offers the various programmes needed for the development of these student organisations. For this reason, it is necessary to develop a training centre to accommodate the demand for training from student organisations, both university organisations, schools and other student organisations. Furthermore, there is also the problem of the absence of an Entrepreneur Centre that serves to accommodate the results of student entrepreneurship programmes to be sold directly or online. Therefore, it is very necessary and urgent to develop a training centre and entrepreneur centre. So the purpose of this activity is to develop a training centre and entrepreneur center (PEC) Padang through a website platform With this, there is a forum that can accommodate the results of entrepreneurship of Padang State University students and also offer several training programs.The stages that will be carried out are (1) the establishment of a training centre that offers several training programs (leadership, organizational management, proposal making, tutoring etc.) online and offline, (2) mentoring and training student entrepreneurship, (3) creating a website for the Padang training and entrepreneur center (PEC) as a promotional medium. The results of this activity can foster students' entrepreneurial spirit, increase employment opportunities and facilitate student entrepreneurship services and products..

Improving the Quality of Traditional Market Services Based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) in the Case of Rau Market, Serang City

Traditional markets have a strategic function as a driver of the local economy that can increase employment opportunities and local revenue (PAD). The low quality of service and competitiveness of traditional markets are the main problems that hinder their function and role. The purpose of this study is to determine the priority scale for improving the service quality attributes of traditional markets by referring to the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). This study took Rau Market in Serang City as a case. Research respondents were taken randomly from the population of traders in the market and were also strengthened by interviews with buyers and market managers. Data from interviews with trader and buyer respondents were analyzed using the Importance Performance Matrix (IPM) method. The results of this study indicate that there are nine service quality attributes that are considered very important by customers but their performance levels are considered still unsatisfactory, namely market cleanliness, waste collection, public facility conditions, market drainage, waste and garbage management, the ability of officers to supervise the conformity of goods prices with the facilities provided, the ability of officers to supervise the quality of goods, the ability of officers to give strict sanctions to violators of the rules, the ability of officers to supervise the price of goods. The results of the study can be a reference for the Regional Government in allocating budgets for traditional markets by prioritizing aspects of market management and maintenance. Keywords: Importance Performance Matrix, customer satisfaction, service quality

Impact of education, poverty, and demographic background on maternal mortality, fertility, and family planning in Pakistan

In recent decades, maternal mortality has significantly reduced on a global scale. However, persistent inequities have undermined these advances in middle- and low-income countries. Therefore, there has been a shift toward more inclusive approaches, such as human capital formation. This perspective article analyzes maternal mortality, fertility, and family planning outcomes in Pakistan, comparing them with educational attainment, socioeconomic status, and demographics. Pakistan’s maternal mortality rate among those with a rural background is 21% higher than those with an urban background in the country. Historically, the country’s total fertility rate (TFR) has been gradually declining, from 4.9 in 1990 – 1991 to 4.1 in 2006 – 2007, to 3.8 in 2012 – 2013, and to 3.6 in 2017 – 2018. However, there are stark disparities in TFR based on demographic background, education, and poverty. Meanwhile, the contraceptive prevalence rate (CPR) has remained stagnant for the past two decades, largely due to inadequate initiatives in poverty reduction, education, and rural development. Pakistan has committed to reducing maternal mortality and fertility and increasing CPR under the International Conference on Population Development, Family Planning 2030, and the recommendations of Pakistan’s Council of Common Interest. Along with these goals, infrastructure development, in (interprovincial roads connecting rural and urban areas and alternative energy initiatives) presents promising prospects for economic growth, poverty reduction, and increased employment opportunities. The paper concludes that health service delivery measures cannot sustain improvements in maternal health, fertility, and family planning indicators alone. Rather, a multipronged strategy focused on poverty reduction, education, and reductions in rural–urban disparities is essential for sustained progress.

The Key Success Factor for Sustainable Rural Tourism Development in Madura Using Integration of the IPA-Kano Model

The momentum for the rise of global tourism after the COVID-19 pandemic has become an opportunity for developing local tourism and Indonesia's creative economy. One of the promising tourism regions in Indonesia is Madura. The tourism potentials on the island of Madura are historical, religious, natural, and cultural. Unfortunately, Madura's tourism potential has not been fully utilized, and as a result, the benefits have not emerged to strengthen the Madurese community's economy. In addition, tourism development directions are also partial without looking at environmental sustainability, community welfare, and other social aspects. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the key success factors of sustainable tourism by integrating the Important-Performance Analysis method with the Kano model. This study was conducted in Sampang, Madura, specifically in a tourist village called Bira Tengah. The result of the study is that the tourist village should adopt key success factors such as leading to maintaining the destination environment, improving the contribution of tourists and local communities in area conservation, increasing the competitiveness of tourist destinations, conducting more intensive tourism promotions, creating fun tourism activities, increasing participation of the community and stakeholders of tourist villages, using local and environmentally friendly materials, improving the cleanliness of destinations, disseminating local cultural information and increasing employment opportunities. The cultural factors are a highlight in improving sustainable tourism performance. In addition, to enhance tourism performance, it needs to benchmark with developed and autonomous tourist villages that have demonstrated success in sustainable tourism.

Analisis Penerapan Akuntansi Berdasarkan Sak EMKM pada UMKM: Warung Seblak Teh Windy

MSMEs have a significant contribution, including: increasing employment opportunities and obtaining labor, forming Gross Domestic Product (GDP), and also becoming an option for people with low incomes to carry out productive economic activities. The object of this research is the UMKM Seblak Teh Windy which is located in Karawang Regency. This research aims to obtain information on how Seblak Teh Windy presents financial reports, analyze the accuracy of Seblak Teh Windy's financial accounting process using SAK EMKM, and reconstruct Seblak Teh Windy's financial records based on SAK EMKM. Qualitative methods were used in this research, data collection was carried out through interviews and documentation. The final results stated that Seblak Teh Windy UMKM did not keep financial records in accordance with SAK EMKM, where they only compiled daily expenses and receipts. Therefore, this research produces an analysis of Seblak Teh Windy's financial records in accordance with SAK EMKM, consisting of a financial position report, notes to financial reports and profit and loss reportss.

Leveraging Online Learning and Certification Platforms for Technical Skill Development: A Strategy to Mitigate Unemployment

The key objective of this study is to discover the role of online learning and certification platforms for technical skill development as a strategy to mitigate unemployment. In the world of information technology, various online learning and certification systems have proven to be useful in filling in the skills gap. Using a literature review, this paper explores how these mediums have become a major cause of reducing the level of unemployment. This paper also discusses tools like Coursera, edX, Squarespace, and LinkedIn for technical skills development and therefore the employee’s marketability, thus increasing employment opportunities. These platforms enable people to gain some of the most sought-after skills in today’s market at a cheaper price and much faster than such traditional Universities. These platforms provide recognition certificates that enable unemployed individuals to gain more employment chances, especially in emerging industries such as cloud computing, Data Science, and IT. Employers and jobseekers will equally benefit from these platforms and this will help in producing and enhancing a skilled workforce that will lead to reduced employment rates in the society. Additionally, this paper analyzes skill-based learning and certifications to meet the shifting demands of the labor market and to offer valuable insights for policymakers, educational institutions, and employers who seek ways to reduce the level of unemployment.

State Regulation of Employment in Kazakhstan: Labor Market and Ways of Development

State regulation of population employment (hereinafter – SREP) is critical in ensuring national stability and prosperity. The present study aims to explore avenues for enhancing SREP in Kazakhstan and formulate actionable implementation proposals. The methodology employed encompasses scientific abstraction, comparative analysis through induction and deduction, communication analysis, statistical data analysis, and an integrated approach to generate comprehensive insights. The study reveals a 1-3% increase in the workforce and self-employed individuals over the past three years, which signifies moderate but consistent growth in labor participation. However, the COVID-19 pandemic led to a temporary 2% rise in unemployment in 2022, a setback followed by a reduction to 1% by the end of 2023, indicating a gradual improvement in labor market conditions. The study proposes innovative measures aimed at fostering job creation, especially in emerging sectors such as information technology and the “green” economy, emphasizing the need for strategic investment in these areas. Furthermore, recommendations are provided to support entrepreneurship and the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, which are pivotal for sustainable employment growth. The findings of this research indicate that the proposed measures have the potential to enhance employment levels and contribute to overall economic growth significantly. The contribution of this study lies in identifying effective strategies for further development and enhancement of SREP to increase employment opportunities and promote economic resilience in Kazakhstan. Future research will examine the impact of legislative changes on employment, the implications of automation and digitalization, and provide a comparative analysis of successful international employment regulation practices.

Navigating the challenges of artificial intelligence in HR landscape

The paper delves into the critical significance of incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Human Resource (HR) functions. It extensively explores the multifaceted challenges encountered by organizations during AI implementation in HR, with a particular focus on the vital aspect of employee understanding and acceptance. To elucidate these challenges faced in adopting AI technologies, this study undertakes a comprehensive exploration of the obstacles. This paper adopts a two-phased methodology to explore the critical significance of integrating AI into HR functions and the multifaceted challenges organizations encounter during this implementation. The first phase entails an extensive literature review, delving into the myriad challenges organizations face as they navigate the adoption of AI in HR. In the second phase, industry experts provide ratings and rankings to help us grasp the critical challenges based on industry priorities. The paper acknowledges the evolving nature of jobs and the consequential increase in employment opportunities as technology reshapes the employment landscape.

Exploring the job search journey: unemployed graduates in Vleifontein, Makhado Municipality

The study explored the experiences of unemployed graduates at Vleifontein Village Elim in Makhado Local Municipality in Limpopo Province, South Africa. To achieve the mandate of the study, the researcher adopted a unique qualitative research approach, which gathered in-depth data from the participants. This approach, distinct in its focus on understanding the experiences of unemployed graduates, aided in the elevated understanding of the research problem. The study adopted an exploratory qualitative research design to gather or collect data from the participants, and the researcher used semi-structured interviews consisting of open-ended questions administered face-to-face to observe gestures, emotions, feelings, or even how they react to the questions. Furthermore, purposive sampling was used to select the sample that formed part of the interviews. Additionally, the study adopted the Conflict theory by Karl Marx to integrate with the study. Therefore, the findings of the study deduced that most of the participants understood the meaning of unemployment as their current socio-economic state, both from a financial and psychological perspective. Moreover, on the issue of the challenges, the findings deduced that they are not experienced and skilled enough for the jobs they are applying for. In that light, the study emphasizes the need for increased employment opportunities to minimize the negative impacts faced by unemployed graduates, which includes specialized training of graduates to render services that would make it easier for the graduates to find employment.

Employment and Unemployment as A Subject of State Regulation of The Labor Market in Azerbaijan

Annotation: The level of employment and unemployment are important macroeconomic indicators in order to characterize the effect of the economic policy implemented in the Republic of Azerbaijan and the degree of economic development of the country. The high level of unemployment in the economy causes various complications, which negatively affects the state of socio-economic progress. It is appropriate to consider a number of directions in the field of state regulation of employment and unemployment. These are the regulation of the demand and development for workplaces, the implementation of a successful state policy in the field of education, vocational training and personnel retraining. In the study of the scientific basis of employment issues, it is selected due to the importance of maintaining the continuity of workplaces and regulating its market relations based on the relevance of objective development laws. In this field, it is also worth noting the need for specialization. Measures in the field of policy regulation in the direction of employment and unemployment mostly act as efficiency indicators of the state's social policy as well. Implementation of various projects, representation of people from relevant classes in those projects and other necessary issues carry the strategic essence of employment-oriented social policy. The paper clarifies various issues regarding employment and unemployment in the Republic of Azerbaijan and deals with the state regulation in this direction. In the study, the approach to both problems on the current national economic priorities is more concrete and systematic. The creation of industrial parks and districts in different regions of the country will have a positive effect on the reduction of unemployment and, in parallel, on the preservation of the increasing dynamics of employment indicators. If we take into account the prospects of the territories freed from occupation in recent years, we can say that substantial results will be achieved based on the reforms and strategies carried out in the future. As it is known, state programs for the development of regions are adopted continuously and gradually in Azerbaijan. The implementation of these programs in stages will allow the establishment of production enterprises and the creation of new jobs. This, in turn, will lead to a decrease in the level of unemployment and further increase in employment opportunities.

SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: CRACKING THE UNKNOWN PHENOMENON OF INDIVIDUALS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER

Despite numerous initiatives made by various organisations to increase employment opportunities for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), they remain unemployed. The unemployment rate for individuals with ASD remains high. Therefore, this study seeks to understand the employment challenges for individuals with ASD and develop innovative solutions to address them. This study selected six founders of social enterprises in Klang Valley, Malaysia, that target individuals with ASD as participants. The study uses a face-to-face interview as a means of data collection. By implementing the thematic analysis, the study will uncover key themes and patterns that can inform future initiatives and policies to promote inclusion and diversity in the Malaysian workforce. These findings will contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the challenges faced by marginalised groups and the strategies that can be implemented to address them effectively.

Analisis Pengaruh Investasi Dan Jumlah Industri Terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Pada Sektor Industri Kecil Dan Menengah Di Kabupaten Lombok Timur

The population growth in East Lombok Regency continues to increase, requiring adequate job opportunities to reduce unemployment and poverty. Employment absorption in the small and medium industries sector is expected to be a solution. This study aims to analyze the impact of investment and the number of industries on employment absorption, both partially and simultaneously. The research adopts a descriptive quantitative approach using multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that both variables have a positive and significant partial effect on employment absorption. Investment has a t-value of 2.748 > 2.306 t-table, while the number of industries has a t-value of 2.866 > 2.306 t-table. Simultaneously, the independent variables significantly influence employment absorption. The R² value of 79.2% indicates that the independent variables explain the dependent variable, while the remaining 20.8% is influenced by factors outside the model. These findings highlight the importance of investment and industrial development in increasing employment opportunities in East Lombok Regency.

Implementing a rapid application development course in higher education and measuring its impact using Kirkpatrick’s model: a case study at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University

Nowadays, technological development and improvement in business is happening rapidly, so higher education (HE), and not only, studies should constantly provide and develop new up-to-date knowledge and skills to students, in order to train competitive specialists, address digital transformation by developing digital readiness of higher institutions, and increase employment opportunities of students. Consequently, this paper discusses the implementation of the newly developed courses for teaching Rapid Application Development (RAD) on the Oracle Application Express platform into the studies at Vilnius Gediminas Technical University (VILNIUS TECH) and presents the effectiveness of the implementation of this course measured using Kirkpatrick’s model. The obtained results show that students’ knowledge of RAD increased after attending the course. In addition, a 76% agreed that this course increased their knowledge of the subject matter.

Impact of entrepreneurial incubators on youth employment in South African local government

Background: Unemployment has been the central socioeconomic issue in South Africa since the democracy in 1994. As a result, the nation’s unemployed youth continue to be at risk in the job market. In the quest for alternatives, youth entrepreneurship has been acknowledged as a crucial strategy for empowering youth through innovation and technology.Aim: This study sought to analyse the impact of innovative entrepreneurial incubators (IEIs) in fostering youth employment within Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality.Setting: This study was conducted within the Raymond Mhlaba Local Municipality to analyse the effectiveness of IEIs in supporting young entrepreneurs, thus increasing employment opportunities for the youth in South Africa.Methods: A sample of 20 semi-structured open-ended interviews was conducted, and thematic coding was used for data analysis.Results: The study found that there are several challenges pertaining to the effective implementation of IEIs to foster youth employment in South African municipalities. This is attributed to a lack of funding and educational programmes.Conclusion: The main recommendation is that all municipalities must establish IEIs and devise strategies to ensure that these are implemented effectively.Contribution: This study contributes to improved municipal governance through providing innovative mechanisms that foster effective and efficient implementation of IEIs in South African local government. This contribution aims to ensure that municipalities discharge their constitutional mandate to improve citizens’ standard of living through IEIs, especially in areas with high youth unemployment.

Repositioning of an Engineering Works Complex as an Industrial Hub for Spare Parts and Components Production

Ajaokuta Steel Company Limited (ASCL) comprises several units, including the Engineering Works Complex, which is one of the key auxiliary units of the steel plant. This complex is equipped with the necessary tools and machinery for producing fixtures and spare parts that meet a wide range of requirements. These machines are operated by welltrained engineers, skilled technicians, and artisans. The complex is designed to carry out repairs on equipment across the entire steel plant, as well as to manufacture spare parts for external agencies. Additionally, facilities are available for training technicians and artisans. The Engineering Works Complex consists of five major workshops: the Machine and Tools Shop, Forge and Fabrication Shops, Foundry and Pattern Making Shops, Power Equipment and Repair Shops, and the Rubberizing Shop. It is fully equipped to meet the industrial demand for spares and consumables, and it has the capacity to serve as a research institution where modern research can be conducted. This research aims to explore the potential of repositioning the Engineering Works Complex at Ajaokuta Steel Company as a leading industrial hub for the production of spare parts and components in Nigeria. The study will analyze the potential economic benefits of this repositioning, such as increased employment opportunities, higher productivity, and greater contributions to the national economy. By drawing on case studies from other countries that have successfully developed their engineering sectors, the research will provide insights and lessons that can be applied to the Nigerian context. The Engineering Works Complex is actively utilizing the government's local content policy to achieve these goals. With the necessary attention, including adequate funding for the various shops within the complex, it could generate significant revenue and create employment opportunities in downstream industries, ultimately contributing to the industrialization of local communities and the country at large.

A Study on The Relationship Between Organic Agriculture and Agricultural Employment in Türkiye

Organic agriculture is a sustainable agricultural system with different principles that is carried out within the scope of certain rules. Due to the substitution of organic inputs with chemical inputs, getting the products ready for sale, weed control, and similar operations by hand, enterprises engaged in organic farming require a larger labor force. All these jobs increase employment opportunities in rural areas and allow small family businesses to continue production. In this study, it has been tried to reveal the relationship between organic agriculture and agricultural employment with the help of an econometric model and to determine the effect of organic agriculture on employment. The study analyzed a 17-year time series of data spanning from 2004 to 2021 to identify the factors influencing agricultural employment, taking into account various aspects of organic agriculture, including the number of organic agricultural products, the count of farmers engaged in organic agriculture, the area dedicated to organic agricultural production, the organic wild collection area, the total area allocated for organic agricultural production, the quantity of organic agricultural production, the number of entrepreneurs involved in organic agriculture, the unit price of subsidy for organic agriculture, and the total amount of subsidy provided to organic agriculture. Based on the results of the regression analysis, it was determined that the number of organic products does not have a significant effect on agricultural employment. In addition, it was found that the wild harvesting area is positively significant for agricultural employment and that the total production area of organic agriculture and the amount of subsidy are negatively significant. The results of the research reveal that a 1% increase in the wild harvesting area related to organic agriculture would lead to an increase of more than 0.28% in the agricultural employment rate, while a 1% increase in the total production area and the amount of subsidy would lead to a decrease of 0.40% and 0.44% in the agricultural employment rate, respectively.