Incomplete Status Research Articles

Molecular genetic identification ofAvenachromosomes related to the group 1 chromosomes of the Triticeae

A collection of 19 wheat (Triticum aestivum) probes, detecting sequences in the seven homoeologous groups of chromosomes, were hybridized to DNA from the 'Kanota' series of oat monosomic lines (Avena byzantina) to investigate their use for identifying groups of homoeologous oat chromosomes. Three probes from homoeologous group 1 of wheat, psr161, psr162, and psr121, mapped among the set of oat chromosomes 1C, 14, and 17. One homoeologous group 6 probe, psr167, mapped to oat chromosomes 1C and 17. Two oat probes that had previously been shown to map to oat chromosomes 1C, 14, and 17 were then hybridized to DNA from the 'Chinese Spring' wheat ditelosomics. They localized to homoeologous group 1 wheat chromosomes, one to the short arm and one to the long arm. These results reveal that in hexaploid oat there is a group of three chromosomes that correspond at least in part to homoeologous group 1 of wheat. The remaining wheat probes identifying other wheat homoeologous sets did not detect a complete series of homoeologous chromosomes in oat. This was presumably due to the incomplete status of the 'Kanota' monosomic series, chromosomal rearrangement in Avena, weak hybridization signals owing to low probe-target sequence homology, and (or) detection of only two hybridization bands by the wheat probe.

Definition of complete spinal cord injury

Prospective serial neurological examinations were performed on 445 consecutive traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) patients admitted for rehabilitation on an average of 22.8 +/- 15.6 days after injury. Patients were categorized by both the ASIA and Sacral Sparing (SS) definitions of complete SCI, in order to compare the definitions in terms of consistency and prognostic ability. Recovery during follow-up was determined by sensory scores for light touch, sharp/dull discrimination, proprioception, and the ASIA Motor Index Score. Change in complete status was unidirectional using the SS definition and bidirectional using the ASIA definition. Twelve patients with SS complete injuries on initial examination converted to SS incomplete injuries at follow-up. No patients converted from SS incomplete to SS complete injury. Twenty three patients with ASIA complete injuries upon admission converted to ASIA incomplete status and 6 converted from ASIA incomplete status on admission to ASIA complete status at follow-up. For quadriplegics, the average motor recovery for patients changing complete status according to the ASIA definition was 11.7 +/- 10.3, which was significantly less (p less than .05) than the average recovery using the SS definition (group 1), 17.9 +/- 9.3. For paraplegics, the average motor recovery using the ASIA definition, 8.3 +/- 6.7, did not differ significantly from the value using the SS definition, 6.8 +/- 4.0.

New households, new housing

nature of the process and its mechanism that includes responsibility for distribution, nature of the operational legal mechanism, the system of resolving conflicts, the simplicity and clarity of rules embedded in shared values, the impact of local customs, building practice, tradition of local aesthetics, etc., that is the secret behind the quality of wholeness. A depth of spirit present in the makers will certainly be helpful toward that end, particularly if it is rooted in deeply felt shared values. Despite its drawbacks, incomplete status, and draft form, A New Theory of Urban Design is an important contribution toward the goal of working out a contemporary process of city building that is capable of achieving the quality of wholeness we all wish to have.

Pregnant women still vulnerable to rubella

Now that an intensive surveillance and vaccination campaign has eradicated smallpox worldwide, the same dedication could well be applied to removing the last vestiges of an infectious disease that still results in tragedy here in the United States: congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). The incomplete status of the immunization effort against rubella was underlined once again by a report presented at the recent 20th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy in New Orleans by pediatricians and public health scientists from the University of Illinois Medical Center, Chicago. Following a major outbreak of rubella in Chicago in 1978, the pediatricians began seeing infants at their hospital with the cataracts, cardiac abnormalities, hearing impairment, and mental retardation characteristic of CRS. In a survey of other Chicago-area hospitals and physicians, they found 30 infants with signs of CRS who had been born during late 1978 or early 1979, pediatric infectious disease specialist Catherine

The Veridicality of Addicts’ Self-Reports in Social Research

This report examines the accuracy or veridicality of information obtained through interviews with drug addicts. Comparisons were made between the self-reports on six items of the interview and official records of the Baltimore City Police Department, the Baltimore City Juvenile Court, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The findings provide no evidence of systematic distortion intended to "cover-up" the criminal side of addict life. While errors of recall probably do affect self-reports, the incomplete status of official records frequently used to validate self-reports should be of equal concern.