Incomplete Responses Research Articles

Testing Linear Operator Constraints in Functional Response Regression with Incomplete Response Functions.

Hypothesis testing procedures are developed to assess linear operator constraints in function-on-scalar regression when incomplete functional responses are observed. The approach enables statistical inferences about the shape and other aspects of the functional regression coefficients within a unified framework encompassing three incomplete sampling scenarios: (i) partially observed response functions as curve segments over random sub-intervals of the domain; (ii) discretely observed functional responses with additive measurement errors; and (iii) the composition of former two scenarios, where partially observed response segments are observed discretely with measurement error. The latter scenario has been little explored to date, although such structured data is increasingly common in applications. For statistical inference, deviations from the constraint space are measured via integrated -distance between the model estimates from the constrained and unconstrained model spaces. Large sample properties of the proposed test procedure are established, including the consistency, asymptotic distribution and local power of the test statistic. Finite sample power and level of the proposed test are investigated in a simulation study covering a variety of scenarios. The proposed methodologies are illustrated by applications to U.S. obesity prevalence data, analyzing the functional shape of its trends over time, and motion analysis in a study of automotive ergonomics.

Effect of Different Motivational Factors on The Academic Performance of Foundation Year Students at the University of Sharjah

Objective: The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between foundation-year GPA -as a measure of academic performance- with different types of motivating factors towards studying medicine among students at the University of Sharjah. Methodology: the study used a cross sectional design with a target population of 158 students at the university of Sharjah college of Medicine, 45 students were included in the study by means of convenience sampling, measurement of intrinsic and extrinsic factors’ prevalence was conducted by a self-designed, self-administered questionnaire with elements from the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI). Questionnaires were administered prior to a PBL session conducted in December 2018. 13 responses were discarded due to incomplete responses. Data entry and analysis was done using SPSS 25. Results: out of 32 respondents (43.8% of which were males and 56.3% females), findings suggest a stronger correlation between extrinsic factors (0.208)

Differences in intraoperative sampling during meningioma surgery regarding CNS invasion – Results of a survey on behalf of the EANS skull base section

Introductionand Research Question: Invasive growth of meningiomas into CNS tissue is rare but of prognostic significance. While it has entered the WHO classification as a stand-alone criterion for atypia, its true prognostic impact remains controversial. Retrospective analyses, on which the current evidence is based, show conflicting results. Discordant findings might be explained by different intraoperative sampling methodologies. Material and methodsTo assess the applied sampling methods in the light of the novel prognostic impact of CNS invasion, an anonymous survey was designed and distributed via the EANS website and newsletter. The survey was open from June 5th until July 15th, 2022. ResultsAfter exclusion of 13 incomplete responses, 142 (91.6%) datasets were used for statistical analysis. Only 47.2% of participants’ institutions utilize a standardized sampling method, and 54.9% pursue a complete sampling of the area of contact between the meningioma surface and CNS tissue. Most respondents (77.5%) did not change their sampling practice after introduction of the new grading criteria to the WHO classification of 2016. Intraoperative suspicion of CNS invasion changes the sampling for half of the participants (49.3%). Additional sampling of suspicious areas of interest is reported in 53.5%. Dural attachment and adjacent bone are more readily sampled separately if tumor invasion is suspected (72.5% and 74.6%, respectively), compared to meningioma tissue with signs of CNS invasion (59.9%). Discussion and conclusionsIntraoperative sampling methods during meningioma resection vary among neurosurgical departments. There is need for a structured sampling to optimize the diagnostic yield of CNS invasion.

The Moderating Effect of Customer Relationship on Supply Chain Risk Management and Organization Performance in Logistics Sector of Pakistan

The current study aims to determine the moderating effect of customer relationship on supply chain risk management and organizational performance, specifically for Pakistan’s logistics sector. The logistics sector is selected for the study as it has considerable significance in the country’s economy and also having substantial growth due to the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC). This study is quantitative in nature and data collection is performed through a questionnaire based on several instruments (operation risk management, strategic risk management, perceived performance, customer relationship) from officials (administrative and management) of various public and private logistics companies involved in supply chain and customer relationships. A total of 227 responses are received out of 300, with 11 incomplete responses being eliminated. The hypotheses are formulated based on the literature and research theme. The hypotheses testing are performed using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) methodology. The findings suggest that strategic risk management and supply chain performance have a favorable relationship. The study also showed that there exists a negative association between customer relationship and performance. Conversely, the relationship between operational risk management and performance was not established in this study. The findings of this study offer inspiration for future research that can apply these findings on large sample of companies.

The Effects of Tangible and Intangible K-contents on Chinese Consumers’ Purchase Intention to Korean Products: Focusing on the Moderating Effect of Ethnocentrism

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is investigating the moderating effects of ethnocentrism, which has been overlooked in the research on the effect of K-contents on the intention to purchase Korean products. Design/Methodology/Approach - To test the hypothesis, a survey was conducted among Chinese consumers. The survey was conducted mainly through social media and online surveys. A total of 329 responses were collected, out of which 300 were used for empirical analysis, after excluding 29 incomplete responses. Findings - As a result of the empirical analysis, it was found that the ethnocentrism of Chinese consumers negatively moderates the relationship between the perception of tangible K-content, which is classified as Korean fashion and Korean food, on their intention to purchase Korean products. On the other hand, it was found that Chinese consumers’ ethnocentrism did not show a significant moderating effect in the relationship between their perception of intangible K-content classified as K-drama and K-pop and Chinese consumers’ purchase intention to Korean products. Research Implications - The results of this study can have important implications for multinational corporations in international markets, to manage their brand image in countries with strong ethnocentrism. It helps in identifying the negative moderating effect of ethnocentrism in the relationship between the Korean Wave (especially tangible K-content) and the consumers’ intention to purchase Korean products.

Resident Behavior and Activity Pattern Influencing Electrical Consumption in Household Air Conditioners in Tripoli - Libya

Air conditioning systems are essential in the Libyan residential buildings. This study focuses on the resident behavior and activity pattern that affecting electrical consumption related to the air conditioning systems, as part of applying energy efficiency standards and labels program. The data were collected using a questionnaire prepared for this purpose. Questionnaires were distributed on more than 150 families living in Tripoli-Libya, to determine the average number of air conditioners installed in each building, types of air conditioners, operating hours for each type, the average cooling capacity in (Btu/h), as well as the consumption rate during hot months. 103 responses out of 150 were collected and statistically analyzed using Excel sheet, while 10 incomplete responses were rejected. Results showed that more than 31 air conditioning brand names with different manufacturers and sizes are installed. Also, it was found that the average operating hours during the cooling period is 12.9hours/day, with average annual operating hours for each type is about 1430 hours/year. In terms of air conditioner cooling capacity, the most commonly used air conditioners are with a cooling capacity of 12,000Btu/h, and about 1926hours/year. Then the 18,000Btu/h with about 1880 hours/year. While the lowest used air conditioners are with a cooling capacity of 9000Btu/h are about 1214hours per year. It is also evident that the most relatively acquired types are the cheapest air conditioning systems regardless the energy efficiency criteria.

Ozone therapy in mitochondrial dysfunction abnormalities in major psychiatric disorders

The pathogenesis of major psychiatric disorders has been highlighted in the last decade, in addition to neurobiochemical imbalances and the presence of multisystemic mechanisms, dominated by mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory processes, immune imbalances, ROS (Reactive Oxygene Species) hyperactivity and endothelial dysfunction.
 This complex of multisystemic mechanisms results in incomplete therapeutic responses to therapeutic approaches based on the correction of homeostasis imbalances in biochemical systems. Partial correction of symptoms cannot balance multiple systemic dysfunctions and mitochondrial activity. In this context,there is a risk of neurodegenerative developments, which are announced by the occurrence of partial or total resistance to pharmacological therapies.
 Ozone is a factor with antioxidant, antiapoptotic action and which improves autophagy, a phenomenon that can improve mitochondrial dysfunction. The balance between the therapeutic use of ozone doses can be shaped by the concomitant administration of antioxidants.
 Psychotropic medication has a neurotoxic effect that potentiates ROS activity and the apoptotic mechanisms of neural structures, favoring brain structural alterations.
 Pathogenic patterns of major psychiatric disorders suggest possible benefits of complementary therapies with ozone oxygen therapy, which could reduce the number of adverse neurodegenerative development.

Key Factors Affecting Mathematics Teachers' Well-Being and Stress Levels: An Extended Engagement Theory.

The mathematics teachers' profession often has many challenges. It also occupies important positions at the K-12 education level, in which mathematics knowledge is the basis of all scientific fields. This tends to cause high-stress levels and a negative effect on well-being. Mathematics teachers' well-being has been less examined, and therefore this study aims to determine the factors affecting mathematics teachers' well-being and stress levels. The 210 data points collected from Chinese mathematics teachers using a web-based questionnaire were analyzed for reliability and validity, then model fit and SEM were applied for model validation after removing 3 invalid data points and incomplete responses. The results showed that behavioral and cognitive engagements significantly affect teachers' well-being, while the affective engagement was insignificant. The TPMK was the strongest significant predictor that had a positive impact on improving well-being and reducing stress levels. In addition, the stress level of mathematics teachers was influenced by gender and age. Finally, it was proven that teachers' well-being significantly reduced stress levels. This study's implication was to provide information on how to reduce stress levels.

Dynamic Risk Stratification for Predicting Long-term Outcomes in Pediatric Differentiated Thyroid Cancers.

The American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines recommend Dynamic Risk Stratification (DRS) for predicting long-term outcomes and personalizing management in adult differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs). However, its applicability in pediatric DTCs needs to be validated. We have attempted a validation study concerning the use of DRS in pediatric DTCs. Data of children (age ≤18 years) with DTCs and follow-up of ≥5 years were extracted. All patients were classified according to DRS (excellent biochemical or structural incomplete responses). Univariate and multivariate analyses were done to identify factor(s) affecting disease-free survival (DFS). We included 176 pediatric patients with DTC (median age at diagnosis 15 years). All patients underwent thyroidectomy and received radioiodine as part of initial management. On the basis of clinical, biochemical, and imaging findings acquired during the first 2 years of follow-up, the DRS system divided patients into 3 response categories: excellent response in 82/176 (46.6%), biochemical incomplete response in 56/176 (31.8%), and structural incomplete response in 38/176 (21.6%) patients. The median follow-up was 10.6 years (interquartile range 7.7-15.5). Ten-year overall survival and DFS rates were 100% and 88.7%, respectively. In univariate analysis, DFS was significantly affected by extrathyroidal extension (P = .002), lymph node metastasis (P = .018), ATA initial risk stratification (P = .033), and DRS (P = .004). However, in multivariate analysis, DRS alone showed a significant association with DFS (P = .016). Like adults, DRS correctly predicts long-term outcomes in pediatric DTC. In addition to ATA initial risk stratification, DRS could further refine risk in pediatric DTCs and help in planning more personalized treatment and follow-up strategies.

Eye injuries in badminton – players’ perspective toward the usage of personal protective equipment

ABSTRACT Objective We conducted a survey between April to September 2021 to understand the perspective of badminton players on the usage of personal protective equipment to avoid eye injuries. Methods The survey was conducted online. It was disseminated through various social media platforms and via e-mail. The survey was initially shared with university-level badminton players. Both recreational and professional players were included. They were further encouraged to circulate the survey questionnaire among their colleagues. Results In total, the survey received 372 responses. After removing possible duplicates and incomplete responses (n = 28), 92.5% (n = 344) of the responses were included in the final analysis. Among the 344 included responses, recreational and professional players accounted for 77.6% (n = 267) and 22.4% (n = 77), respectively. The mean age ± SD of the recreational and professional players were 24.1 ± 6.3 years (range 14–60 years) and 25.7 ± 6.0 years (range 14–61 years), respectively. A significant difference was noted for self-reported eye injuries between recreational and professional players while playing badminton (χ2 value = 5.321, p = 0.02). Among the recreational and professional players, 93.6% (n = 250) and 88.3% (n = 68) did not use protective eyewear while playing badminton. Professional players were at higher risk of eye injuries than recreational players (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.1–7.8). Conclusion The majority of badminton players in both groups agreed that PPE usage would lower the risk of sustaining eye injuries; however, they are ambiguous about the usage of protective eyewear. In contrast, players with self-reported eye injuries were aware of its impacts and encouraged the usage of PPEs associated with badminton. Further studies are warranted to understand and educate badminton players about the causes and impacts of eye injuries in badminton.

Topical Mechlorethamine for the Treatment of Psoriasis: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review.

Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disease that significantly impacts patients' psychosocial wellbeing. Despite increasingly effective treatment options, the recurrence of plaques after discontinuation of therapy in many patients highlights the need for additional therapies. We report two cases of patients with concurrent psoriasis and mycosis fungoides who were treated with topical mechlorethamine (MCH). A literature review was performed by searching PubMed using the keywords psoriasis, mechlorethamine, chlormethine, and nitrogen mustard. Both patients had significant improvement in their psoriasis following treatment with topical MCH gel, which was well tolerated and maintained clearance after 1 and 3 years of follow-up. Seven prospective cohort studies investigating the use of topical MCH were identified through literature review. Out of five studies reporting clinical outcomes by patient, 68 of 77 patients (88%) experienced an improvement in their psoriasis, with 47 of 77 (61%) achieving complete or near-complete clearance. The remaining two studies reported clinical outcomes by lesion, demonstrating improvement in 40 of 45 lesions (88%) and complete or near-complete clearance in 32 of 42 lesions (76%). Contact dermatitis was the most frequent adverse effect, observed in 56 of 125 patients (45%). Topical MCH may be an option for patients with psoriasis who fail or have incomplete responses to other treatments. Published studies are limited by lack of standardized treatment regimens and well-defined outcome measures, highlighting the need for prospective clinical trials to better understand the utility of this topical agent in psoriasis.

Macroalgae Specialized Metabolites: Evidence for Their Anti-Inflammatory Health Benefits.

Inflammation is an organism's response to chemical or physical injury. It is split into acute and chronic inflammation and is the last, most significant cause of death worldwide. Nowadays, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), the greatest threat to human health is chronic disease. Worldwide, three out of five people die from chronic inflammatory diseases such as stroke, chronic respiratory diseases, heart disorders, and cancer. Nowadays, anti-inflammatory drugs (steroidal and non-steroidal, enzyme inhibitors that are essential in the inflammatory process, and receptor antagonists, among others) have been considered as promising treatments to be explored. However, there remains a significant proportion of patients who show poor or incomplete responses to these treatments or experience associated severe side effects. Seaweeds represent a valuable resource of bioactive compounds associated with anti-inflammatory effects and offer great potential for the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. This review presents an overview of specialized metabolites isolated from seaweeds with in situ and in vivo anti-inflammatory properties. Phlorotannins, carotenoids, sterols, alkaloids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids present significant anti-inflammatory effects given that some of them are involved directly or indirectly in several inflammatory pathways. The majority of the isolated compounds inhibit the pro-inflammatory mediators/cytokines. Studies have suggested an excellent selectivity of chromene nucleus towards inducible pro-inflammatory COX-2 than its constitutive isoform COX-1. Additional research is needed to understand the mechanisms of action of seaweed's compounds in inflammation, given the production of sustainable and healthier anti-inflammatory agents.

Predictors of Interest in Radiation Oncology: The Effect of Race, Ethnicity, Gender, and Other Diversity Measures

The presence of women and people underrepresented in medicine (URiM) continues to be lower in radiation oncology (RO) than within the United States population, medical school graduates, and oncology fellowship applicants. The objective of this study was to identify demographics of matriculating medical students who are inclined to consider pursuing a residency in RO and identify barriers to entry that students may perceive before medical school training. A survey of incoming medical students at New York Medical College was distributed via e-mail and assessed demographic background information, interest in and awareness of oncologic subspecialties, and perceived barriers to RO. Students of the incoming class of 2026 had a complete response rate of 72% (155 complete responses and 8 incomplete responses of 214 class members). Two-thirds of participants had prior awareness of RO, and half have considered pursuing an oncologic subspecialty, but less than one-fourth have ever previously considered a career in RO. Students responded that they need more education, clinical exposure, and mentorship to increase their chance of choosing RO. Male participants had 3.4 times the odds of having an acquaintance in the community tell them about the specialty and also had significantly greater interest in using advanced technologies. There were no URiM participants who had personal relationships with an RO physician compared with 6 (4.5%) non-URiM participants. The average response to "What is the likelihood that you will pursue a career in RO?" showed no significant difference between genders. All races and ethnicities scored a similar likelihood of pursuing a career in RO, which differs greatly from the current RO workforce. Responses emphasized the importance of education, mentorship, and exposure to RO. This study demonstrates the need for support of female and URiM students during medical school.

Clinical audit and research in radiography practice: An exploration of the English landscape

BackgroundResearch and clinical audit are central to the quality improvement (QI) process in healthcare; whereas research produces new knowledge, clinical audit establishes if practice is meeting set standards. Thus, radiographers have responsibility to engaging in these QI activities. This study aimed to explore radiographers’ understanding, attitudes and level of involvement in clinical research and audit across England. MethodsA cross-sectional survey using an online questionnaire for data collection over a 6-week period was employed. The questionnaire consisted of open and closed ended questions. Participants were recruited through social media. The quantitative data obtained was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 26 (IBM Inc, Armonk, NY) whilst content analysis was used to analyse the free-response data. ResultsA total of 100 valid responses were obtained after exclusion of 45 partial and/or incomplete responses. Radiographers showed a positive attitude towards involvement in research and audit with overall mean score of 3.85 (SD 0.80) and 4.01 (SD 0.80), respectively. Of the respondents, 35.7% (n = 35/98) were currently involved in clinical audit projects whilst 78.6% (n = 77/98) have previously been involved. Radiographers with postgraduate degrees were significantly more likely to have initiated research, 61.5% (n = 16/26) (p = 0.01) and to have previously been involved with research, 80.8% (n = 21/26) (p = 0.02). A significant association between radiographers' role and implementation of changes, following an audit (p = 0.03) was noted. Similarly, a significant association was noted between radiographers’ role and initiation of research (p = 0.05). ConclusionClinical radiographers in England showed a positive attitude towards research and audit. However, this did not translate into actual participation in research and audit activities. Implications for practiceThe need to stimulate clinical radiographers’ interest in clinical audit and research is highlighted. Additionally, the findings support the rationale for managers to give more support including protected time to radiographers to engage in QI activities.

Barriers and Key Determinants to Optimize the Discharge from Inpatient Rehabilitation: A Saudi Perspective

<h3>Research Objectives</h3> To explore the barriers and key determinants of an effective discharge process from the perspective of rehabilitation clinicians. <h3>Design</h3> A cross-sectional study. <h3>Setting</h3> Rehabilitation hospital in a tertiary care hospital in Riyadh, which is considered the largest governmental medical city in Saudi Arabia, is composed of four specialized hospitals and four specialized centers. <h3>Participants</h3> 121 rehabilitation staff, recruited through convenience sampling, completed surveys; 6 participants were excluded due to incomplete responses to 11 or more of the 65 questions. <h3>Interventions</h3> Not applicable. <h3>Main Outcome Measures</h3> A newly developed questionnaire with 10-domains and 65-items was developed and used after validity and reliability testing. Exploratory factor analysis and principal component analysis were conducted resulting in a final questionnaire of 43-items in 7 components. <h3>Results</h3> Of the 115 included participants, the male-to-female ratio was 5:2; 47.8% were allied health professionals of diverse specialties, 10.4% were physiatrists, and 41.7% were rehabilitation nurses. 20% have a postgraduate degree, and 63.5% have more than five years of clinical experience. Forty-three items categories within seven components were identified as critical determinants of effective discharge. Within component 1, meetings with patients and family to address patients' goals and needs (r=0.400), weekly team meetings formulation of discharge plans (r=0.519), and display form (r=0.523), effective team dynamics (r=0.645), adequate patient and caregiver education and training (component 4, r=-0.457), and early identification of the discharge destination and disposition plan (component 5, r=-0.402) have been identified as critical determinants of effective discharge. In addition, all items of early identification and planning to overcome discharge barriers of component 7 were weakly correlated with effective discharge. Finally, barriers to effective discharge were demonstrated by the inverse relation between effective discharge and recurrent modification of rehabilitation program goals (component 2, r=-0.402), patient/family unrealistic expectations (component 3, r=-0.018), and multiple changes of the discharge date (component 6, r=-0.107). <h3>Conclusions</h3> This study demonstrated several key determinants and barriers that can improve the patient discharge from a Saudi rehabilitation setting. <h3>Author(s) Disclosures</h3> The authors declare that there is no conflict of interest.

Predicting Indonesian Consumers’ Intention to Buy Green Cosmetics Using The Modified TPB Framework

This study was conducted in order to determine some reasons or factors which could motivate or influence consumers’ intention to purchase or buy green cosmetics which were marketed in Indonesia. Using and adopting the modified version of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) framework, this study attempted to assess the role of three factors, namely attitude, perceived price and subjective norms, in affecting and influencing Indonesian consumers’ purchase intention to buy green cosmetics. Using and implementing survey method, questionnaires were chosen as the main tools for collecting and gathering all of the data needed from the respondents, in which, all of these questionnaires were distributed to all respondents in a virtual manner using google forms. Respondents who participate in this study are consumers who’ve purchased or bought any kinds of green cosmetic products from any brands which were sold in Indonesia at least twice (2x) for the past 1 year. A non-probability sampling method in the form of purposive sampling method was implemented in order to ensure the conformity of the respondents with the respondents’ criteria set in this study. A total of 786 data were collected all of the respondents, in which, after conducting thorough analysis and assessment concerning the all of these data, a total of 54 data were omitted due to incomplete or unsuitable responses, thus confirming that 732 data were usable to be assessed in this study. Using PLS-SEM method, authors concludes that all three variables, which are attitude, perceived price, and subjective norms play significant roles in affecting consumers’ intention toward buying green cosmetics in Indonesia

Public Perceptions of Climate Change and Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.

A cross-sectional survey was administered to adults in the United States using Amazon Mechanical Turk in December 2021 to assess public perceptions of climate change, healthcare, and plastic surgery. Incomplete responses were excluded from analysis. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine predictors of responses. There were 890 complete responses. Most participants strongly agreed or agreed that climate change is happening (89%). Fewer believed that healthcare has an impact on climate change (62%), with greater odds among respondents with an associate's degree or higher (odds ratio 2.8, P < 0.001). After they were given information about the impact of healthcare on climate change, most respondents were more worried about the effects of cosmetic plastic surgery (64%). Many respondents would be willing to engage in personal climate change mitigation measures if undergoing surgery and pay higher professional fees to support sustainable hospital practices. Most Americans believe climate change is happening, but fewer believe healthcare has an impact on climate change. Knowledge regarding the impact of healthcare and surgery on climate change may make patients more worried about the effects of plastic surgery on climate change, but patients may be willing to personally mitigate climate impacts of surgery.

Impact of Incomplete Surveys on Data Analysis of Sexual Health Concerns in Adults with Sickle Cell Disease

Introduction: Studies focusing on sexual health in relation to sickle cell disease are rare, with a PubMed search producing only 70 results, and research in this area focusing specifically on incomplete data is severely limited. The objective of this analysis is to uncover differences between completed surveys and incomplete surveys among adult survey participants with sickle cell disease to reveal a more comprehensive picture of the sexual health concerns of patients with sickle cell disease. Methods: A study targeting sexual health concerns among adults aged 18 years old and older with a sickle cell disease diagnosis was conducted between August 2019 and August 2020 at Duke's Adult Comprehensive Sickle Cell Center. Survey questions consisted of demographic questions as well as categories of sexual health concerns for both male and female participants. Study participation was not compensated and was completely voluntary. Patients were approached and consented by clinic staff following appointment check-in. Surveys were then aggregated into an Excel sheet and underwent data analysis. Incomplete surveys were sorted out on the basis of one or more incomplete questions and/or demographic responses. Incomplete and complete surveys were further analyzed in Microsoft Excel. Results: The demographic breakdown of completed surveys and incomplete surveys showed significant differences. Completed surveys consisted of 48% (N=48) female and 52% (N=51) male responses. Incomplete surveys consisted of more female responses with a 59% (N=32) female and 41% (N=22) male. Chiefly, the analysis of incomplete surveys revealed that male participants were more concerned about relationship changes with an intimate partner than female participants, with 9% of males and 6% of females reporting this concern. This presents a contrast to the completed survey group in which 6% of males and 8% percent of females were concerned about relationship changes with an intimate partner. Though female respondents had more incomplete surveys, male respondents expressed fewer concerns as compared to the completed surveys group. A full analysis of incomplete surveys revealed that the concerns of scrotal tenderness, penile tenderness, pain and discomfort with masturbation, pelvic pain, and difficulty achieving a comfortable position for intercourse were completely missing from male respondents with incomplete surveys. However, these same categories had a reporting percent in the completed surveys category among male respondents, with each category having 2% to 10% of male respondents reporting it as a concern. For female respondents, only one category, pain or discomfort with masturbation was absent from the analysis of incomplete surveys and had a 2% reporting rate among completed surveys. Conclusion: Overall, our results show that there are discrepancies in survey results that may disproportionately affect the measurement of sexual health concerns among adults with sickle-cell disease. Female participants were shown to comprise 59% percent of incomplete surveys versus 48% percent of complete surveys, indicating that there is an area of improvement to encourage more female responses. Additionally, male participants with incomplete surveys had many more concerns unreported, indicating there may be discomfort with addressing these concerns. Cliniciansshould be encouraged to takethe opportunity to allow more open discussions of such topics with male patients. In conclusion, incomplete surveys offer additional insight into the pressing issues of the sexual health concerns of adult patients with sickle cell disease that may be under-reported otherwise in this understudied demographic. Figure 1View largeDownload PPTFigure 1View largeDownload PPT Close modal

Facts and Recommendations regarding When Medical Institutions Report Potential Abuse to Child Guidance Centers: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Medical institutions are required to report suspected cases of child abuse to administrative agencies, such as child guidance centers in Japan. It is left to the discretion of the medical institutions whether to notify the family of the child or the center. However, it is unclear what kinds of measures are being taken to ensure a robust policy of notification versus non-notification and how notifying the family will affect the child. An unregistered questionnaire survey on reporting suspected child abuse cases to child consultation centers and notifying families was conducted by mail across 518 pediatric specialist training facility hospitals designated by the Japanese Pediatric Society. Responses were received from 323 facilities (62.4% response rate), of which 5 facilities were excluded because of incomplete responses. Therefore, in all, 318 facilities were included in the analysis. The results showed that 59.8% of the facilities had a policy of notifying the family, 33.7% said the decision varies from case to case, and 6.6% did not have a policy of notifying the family. The facilities that had a policy of either notifying or not notifying the family were less likely to experience problems than those with a policy of deciding on a case-by-case basis. The proportion of cases in which some problems occurred was higher in the cases where families were notified than in the cases where they were not, with 51.4% of the children experiencing worsening of relationships with family members. In the cases where the families were not notified, the children were twice as likely to experience further abuse than in cases where the families were notified. Problems arise in the case of both notification and non-notification. It is necessary to examine background factors and specific methods of notification in the cases where problems arise.

Development of a Model to Determine the Purchase Intention of Counterfeit Luxury Products Among Consumers in Bengaluru

The luxury fashion industry is a profitable one and is expected to grow at a rate of 10.99% annually. With the luxury industry growing, the counterfeiting industry is also seeing rapid growth. India’s trade has increased by 24% in the last two years. The research attempted to investigate the factors affecting consumers’ attitudes toward the purchase intention of counterfeit luxury products in South-East Bengaluru. The primary data were collected through an online survey questionnaire. Using the cluster sampling technique, a total of 309 responses were received, of which seven were rejected due to incomplete responses. Therefore, a sample size of 302 was seen fit to use for statistical purposes. Based on the identified factors, initially, a conceptual framework was developed, and the model was tested using JMP Pro 16 software. The research findings revealed that low -income group consumers tended to buy counterfeits more often. The ordinal position of birth played a significant role where first-born children showcased an unfavorable attitude. However, later-born children showcased a more positive attitude. Young adults showed an approved attitude toward counterfeits. The social class of students and employees showed an encouraging attitude toward counterfeits. Several personal and social factors were found to have a strong influence on the attitude toward counterfeits. From the findings, suggestions and recommendations have been drawn to assist genuine brands to frame better tactics to curb counterfeiting.