Incompatible Features Research Articles

Monitoring the Energy of a Cavity by Observing the Emission of a Repeatedly Excited Qubit.

The number of excitations in a large quantum system (harmonic oscillator or qudit) can be measured in a quantum nondemolition manner using a dispersively coupled qubit. It typically requires a series of qubit pulses that encode various binary questions about the photon number. Recently, a method based on the fluorescence measurement of a qubit driven by a train of identical pulses was introduced to track the photon number in a cavity, hence simplifying its monitoring and raising interesting questions about the measurement backaction of this scheme. A first realization with superconducting circuits demonstrated how the average number of photons could be measured in this way. Here we present an experiment that reaches single-shot photocounting and number tracking owing to a cavity decay rate 4 orders of magnitude smaller than both the dispersive coupling rate and the qubit emission rate. An innovative notch filter and pogo-pin-based galvanic contact makes possible these seemingly incompatible features. The qubit dynamics under the pulse train is characterized. We observe quantum jumps by monitoring the photon number via the qubit fluorescence as photons leave the cavity one at a time. Additionally, we extract the measurement rate and induced dephasing rate and compare them to theoretical models. Our method could be applied to quantum error correction protocols on bosonic codes or qudits.

Defining sensory representation

ABSTRACT In the paper, I argue that the notion of sensory representation that Pautz defines (via the Ramsey method) has incompatible features. The notion is defined in terms of its ability to explain both the phenomenal character of experience and its ability to give us cognitive access to perceptible properties, all while being existence-neutral. I argue that there is strong reason to conclude that no worldly relation could play all three roles simultaneously.

Action control costs in task selection: Agents avoid actions with incompatible movement and effect features.

When a movement triggers effects with incompatible features, conflict between action and effect features creates costs for action planning and initiation. We investigated whether such action control costs also factor into action choices in terms of the principle of least effort. Participants completed a reaction-time experiment, where they were instructed to perform left and right mouse swipes in response to directional cues presented on the screen. Participants could select between two action options on each trial: Depending on which part of the screen (upper or lower) the action was performed in, the swipe resulted in a visual stimulus moving in the same (compatible) or in the opposite (incompatible) direction as the mouse. Incompatible action-effect mappings did indeed incur action control costs. In accordance with effort avoidance, the proportion of compatible choices was significantly above chance level, suggesting that action selection and initiation costs factor into participants preferences. Interestingly, however, participants' choice tendencies were not predicted by the actual increase in action-initiation costs in the incompatible condition. This indicates that effort-related decisions are not simply based on monitoring performance in the actual task, but they are also influenced by preestablished notions of action-planning costs.

STYLISTIC USE OF ANTONYMS IN HAMO SAHYAN’S POEMS

Within the framework of the article, the stylistic expressive possibilities of antonyms become the object of study, based on the examples taken from Hamo Sahyan’s poems. As noted by Professor S. Melkonyan, for the definition of stylistic patterns and rules, examples and their variety are of particular importance. Rich examples of interesting expressions of stylistic features of semantic groups (synonyms,antonyms, homophones, homographs) can be found in Hamo Sahyan’s poems. The purpose of the article is to study antonyms as a type of semantic group, to study their use in Sahyan’s fiction speech as a way of expressing poetic emotions, feelings and thoughts. Antonyms are words and expressions which have opposite meaning, and found together in the same corresponding segment of speech are endowed with expressive meaning and emotional nuances. Examples selected from Hamo Sahyan's creative heritage are rich material for studying the stylistic meanings of antonyms. The main and important stylistic value of antonyms is that due to their use contrast is created in speech. The oxymoron is not the result of ordinary contrasts. It is a phrase, the components of which express opposite, often mutually exclusive and incompatible features. An oxymoron differs from a contradiction. The connection of the components of the latter is free and can have different expressions. Linguistic and verbal (contextual) antonyms have different stylistic values.

Hypallage is a rare bird. Not.

Hypallage, a “marginal” rhetorical trope, is defined as a combination of seemingly incompatible features and has been exploited since antiquity in poetic and narrative discourse, e.g., angry crowns of kings (Odes of Horace). Here the hypallactic incompatibility arises from the position of angry as a prenominal modifier of crowns rather than of kings. We deny that hypallage is a rare phenomenon restricted to belles-lettres; rather, we claim that hypallage is a highly entrenched mechanism in ordinary language. We demonstrate that structural and semantic parallelisms exist between prototypical hypallactic transpositions and the marked placement of constituents in clausal, morphological, and speech act constructions, as well as quantifier and adverbial placement. Hypallactic expressions constitute a violation of the Iconic Proximity Principle. Nevertheless, they are a means for a speaker to convey complex meanings at any level of grammar and discourse with a minimum of coding effort. The exploitation of hypallactic anti-iconicity by a speaker and its resolution by a hearer are made possible by shared conceptual models, the conceptual metonymies and/or metaphors operating on them, and pragmatic inferencing. We conclude that the prioritizing of figurative motivation at the expense of iconicity is a pervasive cognitive mechanism in language.

Interconversion of captions described by ARIB-TTML and IMSC

ARIB-TTML is a subtitle and caption standard for broadcasting systems in Japan. TTML profiles for Internet media subtitles and captions (IMSC) is a W3C recommendation. ARIB-TTML and IMSC are widely used in UHD satellite broadcasting in Japan and OTT operators; however, they have incompatible features and different description methods. These differences impede program exchange between broadband and broadcast. In this study, we propose a method for the interconversion of subtitles and captions described in ARIB-TTML and IMSC. We organized the features of each standard and proposed a conversion algorithm. The interconverted caption files were confirmed using a JavaScript-based caption renderer.

Multi-Biometrics: Survey and Projection of a New Biometric System

Multi-biometric systems using feature-level fusion allow more accuracy and reliability in recognition performance than uni-biometric systems. But in practice, this type of fusion is difficult to implement especially when we are facing heterogeneous biometric modalities or incompatible features. The major challenge of feature fusion is to produce a representation of each modality with an excellent level of discrimination. Beyond pure biometric modalities, the use of metadata has proven to improve the performance of biometric systems. In view of these findings, our work focuses on multi-origin biometrics which allows the use of pure biometric modalities and metadata in a feature fusion strategy. The main objective of this paper is to present an overview of biometrics as bordered in the literature with a particular focus on multibiometrics and to propose a model of a multi-origin biometric system using pure biometric and soft biometric modalities in a feature-level fusion strategy. The curvelet transformation and the order statistics are proposed respectively for the extraction the feature of the pure biometric modalities, and for the selection of the relevant feature of each modality in order to ensure a good level of discrimination of the individuals. In this paper, we have presented the overview of biometrics through its concepts, modalities, advantages, disadvantages and implementation architectures. A focus has been put on multi-biometrics with the presentation of a harmonized process for feature fusion. For the experiments, we proposed a global model for feature fusion in a multi-origin system using face and iris modalities as pure biometrics, and facial skin color as metadata. This system and the results will be presented in future work.

A movie box office revenues prediction algorithm based on human-machine collaboration feature processing

Improving the accuracy of box office revenue forecasts is conducive to stimulating the creation, market investment, infrastructure construction, and rational allocation of public resources in the film market, as well as promoting social welfare and cultural prosperity. Since the existing box office revenue prediction algorithm does not consider film industry structure, the prediction accuracy is not satisfying. This paper firstly builds a two-stage human-machine collaborative feature processing framework. In the first stage, based on the box office data, the regression decision tree algorithm is used to process all the box office features preliminarily and delete the unimportant features automatically. In the second stage, feature processing is coupled with the built Artificial Neural Network (ANN). In this stage, the features processed by the machine are manually classified, and multiple, incompatible feature sets are divided. After designing the incompatible set network pruning algorithm, the neural network is pruned. We construct the data set with a total of 7098 movies crawled online on four platforms. Numerical experimental results show that the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of the two-stage algorithm is significantly better than the baseline model, which can effectively reduce the noise caused by encoding between incompatible features directly, improve the prediction accuracy of ANN, accelerate the forward inference speed of ANN and reduce the consumption of computing resources.

Sublinear diffusion in the generalized triangle map.

Diffusion of the orbits in a nonchaotic area-preserving map called a generalized triangle map (GTM) is numerically and analytically investigated. We provide accurate empirical evidence that the mean-squared displacement of the momentum for generic perturbation parameter settings increases sublinearly in time, and that the distribution of the momentum obeys a time-fractional diffusion equation. We show that the diffusion properties in the GTM do not follow any of the known stochastic processes generating sublinear diffusion since two seemingly incompatible features, non-Markovian yet stationary, coexist in the dynamics.

Analysis of Factors That Influence Business Strategy Decision Making on Startup Through The Concept of Pivot Strategy

The growth of Indonesia's population is in line with the growth of startups every year. Indonesia is one of the countries with the most startups in the world. Not a few startups fail when developing. Startups need to reflect on the company's performance and develop strategies that will be used. This research aims to analyze the factors that influence business strategy decision-making at startups at the Business Incubator in Bandung Techno Park through ten types of pivot strategy concepts. The phenomena in this research were explored using the case study method. The data collection technique was through semi-structured interviews and triangulation of sources by involving startup alumni of the Business Incubator in Bandung Techno Park as interviewees. The interviewees involved were four startup CEOs and one expert. Interviewees were interviewed about the factors that influence business strategy decision-making through the concept of pivot strategy. The most commonly used types of pivot strategies are Zoom-in Pivot, Zoom-out Pivot, Customer Segment Pivot, and Customer Need Pivot. The factors that influence when deciding to use the pivot strategy are customer request, lection of inappropriate target segments, inadequate business vision, incompatible features, and finding new opportunities that match customer needs.

Wind Farm Power Generation Control Via Double-Network-Based Deep Reinforcement Learning

A model-free deep reinforcement learning (DRL) method is proposed in this article to maximize the total power generation of wind farms through the combination of induction control and yaw control. Specifically, a novel double-network (DN)-based DRL approach is designed to generate control policies for thrust coefficients and yaw angles simultaneously and separately. Two sets of critic-actor networks are constructed to this end. They are linked by a central power-related reward, providing a coordinated control structure while inheriting the critic-actor mechanism's advantages. Compared with conventional DRL methods, the proposed DN-based DRL strategy can adapt to the distinctive and incompatible features of different control inputs, guaranteeing a reliable training process and ensuring superior performance. Also, the prioritized experience replay strategy is utilized to improve the training efficiency of deep neural networks. Simulation tests based on a dynamic wind farm simulator show that the proposed method can significantly increase the power generation for wind farms with different layouts.

Optimising a Euclidean Colour Space Transform for Colour Order and Perceptual Uniformity

In this paper, we attempt to optimise a colour space transform for colour order and perceptual uniformity to verify if a trade-off could be achieved between the two. The IPT colour space is used as basis for the optimisation. An optimisation model consisting of a modified XYZ-to-LMS matrix, a nonlinearity factor, and two geometric transformation matrices is proposed. Two objective functions are constructed based on the optimisation model, where one would improve perceptual uniformity primarily and the other would improve colour order instead. Finally, the two objective functions are combined, in an attempt to optimise both simultaneously and see if a trade-off between the seemingly incompatible features can be achieved. The performance of the optimised IPT transform is then compared to the original IPT transform, in terms of relative improvements in perceptual uniformity and colour order. Finally, the results show that there is indeed an inverse relationship between the two objectives. However, by adjusting the bias of the optimisation, a balance could be achieved between the two, where both colour order and perceptual uniformity was improved with respect to the original IPT transform.

Rheological criteria for distinguishing self-healing and non-self-healing hydrogels

Owing to the structural resemblance of synthetic hydrogels to biological tissues, numerous self-healing wet materials have recently emerged, based on either chemical or physical motifs. With a plethora of novel synthetic hydrogels, a reliable characterisation strategy to assess self-healing is necessary. Herein, we therefore propose rheological criteria to distinguish self-healing hydrogels by comparing two types of poly (vinyl alcohol) hydrogels prepared via freezing/thawing (FX) or borax addition (BX). Non-self-healing FX and self-healing BX hydrogels exhibit incompatible features for three rheological characteristics: 1) Bingham behaviour without a lower Newtonian flow region (LNFR) (FX) versus pseudoplastic behaviour with a LNFR (BX), 2) infinite chain flow relaxation time (τf) versus finite τf on a reasonable time scale, and 3) drastic gel-sol transition with heating versus negligible transition. The plotting of modulus master curves confirms the terminal flow behaviour of the self-healing BX hydrogels, in contrast to the rubbery nature of the FX gels. The flowability of the self-healing hydrogels is ascribed to the pseudo-state of the gel network, due to the dynamic nature of the borate-diol bonds. Thus, the rheological criteria provide a sound theoretical background for self-healing material characterisations.

Dissecting localization phenomena of dynamical processes on networks

Localization phenomena permeate many branches of physics playing a fundamental role on dynamical processes evolving on heterogeneous networks. These localization analyses are frequently grounded, for example, on eigenvectors of adjacency or non-backtracking matrices which emerge in theories of dynamic processes near to an active to inactive phase transition. We advance in this problem gauging nodal activity to quantify the localization in dynamical processes on networks whether they are near to a transition or not. The method is generic and applicable to theory, stochastic simulations, and real data. We investigate spreading processes on a wide spectrum of networks, both analytically and numerically, showing that nodal activity can present complex patterns depending on the network structure. Using annealed networks we show that a localized state at the transition and an endemic phase just above it are not incompatible features of a spreading process. We also report that epidemic prevalence near to the transition is determined by the delocalized component of the network even when the analysis of the inverse participation ratio indicates a localized activity. Also, dynamical processes with distinct critical exponents can be described by the same localization pattern. Turning to quenched networks, a more complex picture, depending on the type of activation and on the range of degree exponent, is observed and discussed. Our work paves an important path for investigation of localized activity in spreading and other processes on networks.

“Case Carmen” by Maxim Shalygin: heroine’s characteristic Features in a retrospective ballet composition

Topicality of research. In contemporary culture artists take a remarkable interest in remakes due to the desire to actualize the classical subjects and show new semantic layers familiar to the person of the 21st century. Dance performance “Case Carmen” (2017, The Hague) by the Dutch choreographer Lonneke van Leth opens up a new modern look at one of the brightest heroines in the history of world literature and art.Scientific novelty. The musical series of ballet, written by the Ukrainian-Dutch composer of the new generation Maxim Shalygin, for the first time serve as an object of scientific consideration which is a new step in the process of studying the composer’s multifaceted creativity.The main objective of the study is to consider the features of Carmen’s figurative characteristic in retrospective composition of “Case Carmen” dance performance.Methodology. The article uses methods of historical and theoretical musicology. Ballet electro acoustic score has determined the peculiarity of the analytical method which combines genre-intonation and auditory descriptive analysis. A comparative method is used to reveal similar and distinctive features of the modern ballet version and primary sources (P. Merime’s novels, J. Bizet’s opera); 2) in Carmen’s image interpretation in the ballets of the 20–21 centuries. An appeal to the retrospective category led to the use of a linguistic approach.Relevance of the study. “Case Carmen” (Dance Performance About the Murder Case) is a «dance thriller» whose characters (Carmen, Jose, Mikaela) are borrowed from J. Bizet’s opera but are inscribed in the picture of modern life with its oppressive routine and routine relationships. M. Shalygin’s music as well as L. van Leet’s choreography emphasizes the acute-modern orientation of the play (this is evidenced by the performer composition itself – the combination of instrumental ensemble, female choir and electronics). There were found connections of the ballet with P. Merimee’s novella, which are traced at the level of constructing the whole (retrospective composition stemming from the specific organization of artistic time) as well as the level of Carmen’s characteristics (formation of the heroine’s image from individual memories and representations about her). The value of the Detective’s image (dramatic role) is revealed, it is a new character that lives through Carmen’s case in retrospective reflection. Being obsessed with the fatal beauty, he reconstructs the history of her relationship with Jose, speaking as a guide between past and present. The importance of a wide range of noise in the musical fabric of the ballet was emphasized, which “cemented” the whole structure, while enhancing the feeling of nonlinear time, the habitat of events in partially erased, blurry or distorted by the consciousness memories. On the basis of the dance performance musical series analysis the complexity and ambiguity of the image of Carmen with the inherent unpredictability, mystery, demonism, aspiration of mortal danger, a combination of incompatible features such as purity and promiscuity are described. Accordingly, the musical characterization of the heroine is colorful and contradictory, based on a variety of genre-tone sources (elevated chorale and club dubstep, inspired flexible cantilena and soulless mechanistic motility).Results and conclusions. The dance performance “Case Carmen” is marked by the discontinuity, multidimensionality and artistic time reversal. In this complex fluctuation of the present and past images of the main characters appear among which the most complex and ambiguous is Carmen’s characteristic. An exceptionally original and multi-valued interpretation of the eternal story in the modern format of the “dance thriller” presented by the choreographer L. van Leet and composer M. Shalygin contains numerous directions for new research. First of all, this relates to the ballet musical number which is one of the most important components of the performance that gives the key to solving the mystery of the fatal beauty.

Design Choices and Trade-Offs in Health Care Blockchain Implementations: Systematic Review.

BackgroundA blockchain is a list of records that uses cryptography to make stored data immutable; their use has recently been proposed for electronic medical record (EMR) systems. This paper details a systematic review of trade-offs in blockchain technologies that are relevant to EMRs. Trade-offs are defined as “a compromise between two desirable but incompatible features.”ObjectiveThis review’s primary research question was: “What are the trade-offs involved in different blockchain designs that are relevant to the creation of blockchain-based electronic medical records systems?”MethodsSeven databases were systematically searched for relevant articles using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Papers published from January 1, 2017 to June 15, 2018 were selected. Quality assessments of papers were performed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies—of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool and the Critical Assessment Skills Programme (CASP) tool. Database searches identified 2885 articles, of which 15 were ultimately included for analysis.ResultsA total of 17 trade-offs were identified impacting the design, development, and implementation of blockchain systems; these trade-offs are organized into themes, including business, application, data, and technology architecture.ConclusionsThe key findings concluded the following: (1) multiple trade-offs can be managed adaptively to improve EMR utility; (2) multiple trade-offs involve improving the security of blockchain systems at the cost of other features, meaning EMR efficacy highly depends on data protection standards; and (3) multiple trade-offs result in improved blockchain scalability. Consideration of these trade-offs will be important to the specific environment in which electronic medical records are being developed. This review also uses its findings to suggest useful design choices for a hypothetical National Health Service blockchain.International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)RR2-10.2196/10994

Control parlamentario y convergencia entre presidencialismo y parlamentarismo

It is perfectly possible to compare presidentialism and parlamentarism with regard to controls. Without parliamentary oversight representative democracy does not exist. Constitutional norms and Standing Orders already reflect this tendency in Latin America. This conclusion leads us to a different approach to the classic controversy on both systems of government. The original US presidential system is somewhat outdated and difficult to export. The binomial presidentialism/parlamentarism is nowadays more a continuum with differences in degree. Three tendencies can be detected: European parliamentarism has evolved towards presidential leadership, Latin American presidentialism has incorporated parliamentary tools, and, finally, cross-fertilization among Parliamentary Standing Orders has developed. Extreme multi-party systems, proportional representation, and an absolutist understanding of presidential separation of powers which makes parliamentary oversight impossible are incompatible features. The easiest solution emerges from abandoning that separatist interpretation. The idea that the President should be directly accountable to the electorate and not to the Parliament make difficult mechanisms of political responsibility, but certain devices of oversight could be enough to achieve checks and balances.

A recommender system for train routing: When concatenating two minimum length paths is not the minimum length path

In this paper, we propose a method for finding the optimal route for a specific train from a station to another one in the Spanish railway network (or any railway network involving different incompatible features like gauges, electrification and signaling systems). The complexity of the Spanish railway infrastructure makes it difficult to give an estimation of the fastest route of a train from a given station to another. Indeed, very unintuitive situations may happen. The problem of finding fastest routes is typically modeled by a graph where nodes represent stations and edges represent railway sections. However, this approach is not suitable for the Spanish railway network. In order to solve the problem of calculating the fastest routes, we will propose here a novel approach based on modeling the railway network through a different graph whose nodes represent railway sections.

La función parlamentaria de control a caballo de parlamentarismo y presidencialismo

Es posible comparar presidencialismo y parlamentarismo en los controles parlamentarios. Sin control parlamentario, no puede existir democracia representativa, tampoco en el presidencialismo. Las normas constitucionales y de los Reglamentos ya reflejan esa tendencia en Iberoamérica. Esta conclusión lleva a que el clásico debate sobre ambos sistemas de gobierno deba contemplarse de una manera distinta. Hay una pluralidad de tipos presidenciales y semipresidenciales de confusa diferenciación en la realidad. El presidencialismo originario estadounidense es antiguo y difícilmente exportable. El presidencialismo iberoamericano contemporáneo se ha ido parlamentarizando. Existe actualmente un continuum en el binomio presidencialismo/parlamentarismo con diferencias de grado más que cualitativas. Se advierten tres tendencias: la presidencialización del parlamentarismo europeo, la parlamentarización del presidencialismo iberoamericano, e influencias recíprocas entre los Reglamentos parlamentarios. Pluripartidismo extremado, representación proporcional, y un entendimiento absolutista de la separación de poderes presidencial, que impida los controles parlamentarios, son rasgos incompatibles. La solución más fácil está en abandonar ese entendimiento absolutista que no garantiza bien constitucional alguno. La duración fija del mandato presidencial y la idea de que el Presidente debe responder de forma diferida y directa ante el electorado hacen imposible mecanismos de control-responsabilidad política de su figura, pero puede bastar con reforzar los de control-fiscalización para construir checks and balances y representación política en el Parlamento.*

A multifunctional photoanode made of titania submicrospheres and titania nanoparticles modified titania nanotube arrays on FTO glass for dye-sensitized solar cells

We have proposed a novel engineered multifunctional photoanode which consists of one-dimensional (1D) TiO2 nanotube arrays modified by TiO2 nanoparticles as a bottom layer and three-dimensional (3D) TiO2 submicrospheres as a top layer by a simple one-time chemical bath deposition method. This 1D-3D bilayer photoanode simultaneously possesses the incompatible features such as high specific surface area, pronounced light-scattering ability, and fast electron transport. The novel 1D-3D bilayer photoanode demonstrates a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.93%, leading to a 26.5% increment of PCE compared with that of TiO2 bare nanotube arrays (5.48%).