Incoming Stream Research Articles

Data-driven prediction and study of vortex induced vibrations by leveraging hydrodynamic coefficient databases learned from sparse sensors

Semi-empirical models are currently the state-of-the-art industry tool for flexible cylinder vortex induced vibrations (VIV) fatigue prediction. Accurate prediction of the structural response relies entirely on the accuracy of the acquired hydrodynamic coefficient database. The construction of systematic hydrodynamic coefficient databases from rigid cylinder forced vibration experiments can be time-consuming for simple cases and intractable for multi-parametric cases. An alternative approach has been implemented in this work to improve the flexible cylinder VIV prediction by machine-learning optimal parametric hydrodynamic databases using physical experimental measurements. The methodology is applied to a straight riser in uniform flow and extended to non-straight riser configurations and non-uniform incoming flow profiles. Moreover, database inference is extended to using direct sparse sensor measurements along the structure. Specifically, a 19-dimensional parametric hydrodynamic coefficient database is obtained for: (i) straight riser in uniform flow (using sparse strain measurements), (ii) straight riser in sheared flow, and (iii) catenary riser in uniform flow with a 60 deg incidence angle between the catenary plane and the incoming flow stream. The predicted amplitude and frequency responses, using the extracted databases, are compared with observed experimental results.

Towards open-set text recognition via label-to-prototype learning

Scene text recognition is a popular research topic which is also extensively utilized in the industry. Although many methods have achieved satisfactory performance for the close-set text recognition challenges, these methods lose feasibility in open-set scenarios, where collecting data or retraining models for novel characters could yield a high cost. For example, annotating samples for foreign languages can be expensive, whereas retraining the model each time when a “novel” character is discovered from historical documents costs both time and resources. In this paper, we introduce and formulate a new open-set text recognition task which demands the capability to spot and recognize novel characters without retraining. A label-to-prototype learning framework is also proposed as a baseline for the new task. Specifically, the framework introduces a generalizable label-to-prototype mapping function to build prototypes (class centers) for both seen and unseen classes. An open-set predictor is then utilized to recognize or reject samples according to the prototypes. The implementation of rejection capability over out-of-set characters allows automatic spotting of unknown characters in the incoming data stream. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves promising performance on a variety of zero-shot, close-set, and open-set text recognition datasets.

Learning Non-Parametric Models in Real Time via Online Generalized Product of Experts

In this work, we address the problem of online learning, where models must be continually updated from an incoming stream of data, while retaining past information. We develop an approach that is nonparametric, models uncertainty, and requires minimal hand-tuning. Our proposed algorithm, which we term online generalized product of experts (OGPoE), extends the powerful generalized product of experts (GPoE) framework to the online setting by leveraging methods for sparse, variational Gaussian process approximations, as well as nonparametric clustering. We devise a 1-D example learning problem to illustrate how our method works, and we verify that we achieve competitive results with other popular modeling approaches on a benchmark learning problem. Finally, we demonstrate how our algorithm can produce high accuracy predictions on a physical system, by learning the kinematics for a concentric tube robot, even when the robot is subject to changing, unknown loads.

SMEs' Performance in Indonesia: The Nexus of Notable Ethics-Strategic Behavior Constructions.

PurposeThe rational strategic behavior of humanity to prioritize their self motives may lead to unethical conduct, with a potential financial consequence. Thus, this study investigates how the love of money and locus of control can affect the unethical behavior and performance of small and medium economic actors in the Indonesian context.Participants and MethodsThis article examines the responses from 530 small entrepreneurs as part of the hypotheses in behavioral strategy by employing covariance-based structural-equation modeling (CB-SEM). This quantitative approach is conducted following the acceptance of the data quality requirements.ResultsThe findings confirm most hypotheses, leaving one insignificant nexus of locus of control and SME performance. This finding also illuminates the intangible behavior in shaping the SMEs’ strategic performance. Some indirect relationships are also provided.ConclusionThis study substantiated the notion that the strategic aspect of SMEs’ business relies on the behavioral construction of the actors. How entrepreneurs view their source of action internally or externally is critical in shaping how they view money achievement. A strong tendency to love money too much leads them to be more unethical and ends up in a deteriorating sign of financial performance. However, being unethical justifies the potentiality of increased income streams. This specific finding of strategic behavior corresponds to the how “unregulated morality” creates a freedom in doing business.

Modeling and Validating a News Recommender Algorithm in a Mainstream Medium-Sized News Organization: An Experimental Approach

News recommending systems (NRSs) are algorithmic tools that filter incoming streams of information according to the users’ preferences or point them to additional items of interest. In today’s high-choice media environment, attention shifts easily between platforms and news sites and is greatly affected by algorithmic technologies; news personalization is increasingly used by news media to woo and retain users’ attention and loyalty. The present study examines the implementation of a news recommender algorithm in a leading news media organization on the basis of observation of the recommender system’s outputs. Drawing on an experimental design employing the ‘algorithmic audit’ method, and more specifically the ‘collaborative audit’ which entails utilizing users as testers of algorithmic systems, we analyze the composition of the personalized MyNews area in terms of accuracy and user engagement. Premised on the idea of algorithms being black boxes, the study has a two-fold aim: first, to identify the implicated design parameters enlightening the underlying functionality of the algorithm, and second, to evaluate in practice the NRS through the deployed experimentation. Results suggest that although the recommender algorithm manages to discriminate between different users on the basis of their past behavior, overall, it underperforms. We find that this is related to flawed design decisions rather than technical deficiencies. The study offers insights to guide the improvement of NRSs’ design that both considers the production capabilities of the news organization and supports business goals, user demands and journalism’s civic values.

Heat transfer characteristics of jet impingement onto the concave surface of a cone

ABSTRACT Heat transfer coefficient measurements for jet impingement onto the concave surface of a cone with apex angles equal to 30° and 70° are reported in this study. Static pressure measurements along the cone surface are also reported which aid in explaining the results from the heat transfer measurements. The conical geometry finds application for the heating of aircraft gas turbine engine nose bullet region which could experience ice formation whenever aircraft operates at higher altitudes. The concave surface of the cone is heated by impinging hot air tapped from the compressor. The heat transfer coefficients, which are significantly different compared to flat surface impingement, and are scarcely available, are reported in this study. The influence of the jet axis coincident with the cone axis and impinging into apex region was studied first. The methodology where a thin stainless-steel foil is heated with a known heat flux by passing electric current through it and then measuring the detailed surface temperature using an infrared thermal camera, was used to compute the wall Nusselt distribution. The Nusselt number variation is presented as a function of nondimensional apex to nozzle spacing (L/D) and the nondimensional axis displacement (O/D). Three different diameter (D equal to 10 mm,14 mm and 20 mm) pipes were used for the concentric impingement case and the Nusselt number distribution was observed not depend on the injection diameter. The jet Reynolds number was varied between 25000 and 82000. The peak Nusselt number values are similar to those for flat plate impingement and do not occur at the cone apex, but at a nondimensional distance between 3.2 and 3.9 for 4.25 < L/D < 10.25 for the 30° cone. The peak Nusselt number values increase by almost 30% with decrease in the L/D from 10.2 to 3.0. Wall static pressure measurements indicated that the peak Nusselt number values occur in regions where the interaction between the incoming and outgoing streams is strongest – these regions occur at distances downstream from the stagnation region toward cone exit. The peak heat transfer coefficient location could not be obtained for the 70° cone, but the measured maximum values are higher by 30–50% compared to those for the 30° case. The jet is able to penetrate further toward the apex of the cone for 70° cone compared to 30° cone shifting the peak heat transfer locations closer to the apex for larger apex angle case. There is insignificant influence of jet diameter on Nusselt number variation for the three diameter values investigated in this study. The influence of displacing the jet axis by a distance equal to half the jet diameter in a direction perpendicular to the cone axis was also studied but detailed measurements were possible only for the 30° cone. Two semi-circular regions, one close to the impingement tube and the other away from the tube, displaying similar heat transfer coefficient behavior were observed. A peak in the Nusselt number occurs in each semi-circular region and the magnitude of the peaks are nearly same and they lie on either side of the peak location observed for the concentric impingement case when the flow geometric parameters are similar for the two cases. The measurements for the 70° cone exhibited all features of the 30° cone but the maximum values were higher by nearly 40% for this case.

Expanding the Miscanthus market in the UK: Growers in profile and experience, benefits and drawbacks of the bioenergy crop.

To achieve net zero greenhouse gas emission by 2050 as set out by the 2019 amendment to the 2008 UK Climate Change Act, a major shift towards renewable energy is needed. This includes the development of new methods along with improving and upscaling existing technologies. One example of new methods in bioenergy is developing new Miscanthus cultivars for electricity generation via thermal power station furnaces. Miscanthus is still relatively new compared with other agriculture practices, so market assessments and improvements are needed to reduce the barriers to entry for prospective growers. This publication provides a profile of UK Miscanthus growers and their businesses, their experiences of benefits and drawbacks of the crop, and what they see as potential barriers to entry for prospective farmers. A survey of current Miscanthus growers in England and Wales was conducted and indicated that most farmers were content with the crop and that its environmental and economic benefits were noted. However, it was evident that with a geographically limited UK market, growers wanted to see a better distribution of biomass processing stations to reduce the ongoing costs of transport. With growing demand for renewables, including bio-energy sources, it was determined important to provide information and support for stable farming operations and to incentivise the adoption of Miscanthus. Such incentives include ongoing development of new cultivars, focussing on traits such as production potential and stressor resilience, and growers indicated preference for an annual planting grant. These developments are predicted to further improve the crop's profit margin, making it a more cost-effective crop for farmers. Sensitively managed Miscanthus also has the potential to contribute to carbon sequestration, soil health, and aspects of farmland biodiversity. Incentivising such management in government land-based environmental schemes would offer additional income streams and help to promote environmental positive crop planting.

Consider how unionization rules could impact your athletics programs

With a student‐athlete's right to negotiate for payments for the use of their name, image, and likeness now firmly established, many student‐athletes are capitalizing on individual and group/team‐based marketing opportunities in a variety of ways. While they certainly welcome this new income stream, there's a large external funding source in the form of media rights payments that remains untapped and appealing from the student‐athletes’ perspective. Indeed, various news reports indicate that the payments received by many schools from the sale of their individual and collective media rights appear to be increasing in size.

Single-phase flow distribution and mixing in a novel microfluidic header: Experimental and CFD studies

A novel microfluidic header is proposed for scaling-up microbore tube-based applications of chemical microprocessing. A scale-up factor of up to 24 is demonstrated. The performance of the header is rigorously evaluated for uniform flow distribution and mixing of two incoming reactant streams. The effects of flow velocity and flow rate ratio on coefficient of variance of flow (COVflow) and mixing (COVmixing) are studied. An increase in flow velocity is seen to reduce values of COVmixing as well as COVflow. Experiments are conducted for two different scale-up factors (16X and 24X). COVmixing as low as 8.57% and 5.96% could be attained for the two levels of scale-up studied (i.e. 16X and 24 X case respectively). This indicates the efficient flow distribution and mixing achieved by the header. Euler Lagrangian CFD simulations are carried out to substantiate the experimental trends. The results of numerical simulations are in line with the experimental observations. In addition to predicting values of COVmixing the model also provides information on the quality of mixing at the integrated microfluidic T junctions.

AD|ARC (Administrative Data Agri-Research Collection): Linking Individual, Household and Farm Business Data for Agricultural Research.

ObjectivesTo create an anonymised data resource of farm households in the UK to generate evidence to support policy development, implementation and evaluation; improve understanding of farm family socio-economic characteristics; and assist all stakeholders interested in understanding about the health and well-being, resilience and prosperity and spatial properties of farming communities. ApproachThe AD|ARC resource is being created in each UK country. The core dataset comprises of linking together existing agricultural datasets (farm business activity data, Rural Payments data) the Inter Departmental Business Register and the Population Census. This hub dataset is linked to the health and education data available in each country. The research is being conducted in a separate but coordinated way across the UK, harmonising the data to allow aggregation to a UK level where possible. Our research objectives are in four broad categories of Socio-Demographics, Health and Well-being, Prosperity and Resilience and Environment and Place. ResultsThe presentation will report on initial findings from the socio-demographic research theme where researchers have investigated the composition and characteristics of farming households both in terms of the farm business (e.g. farm type, turnover, active farm diversification) and individual characteristics (e.g. age, educational attainment, off-farm income streams). From this analysis it will be possible to determine the degree of homogeneity that exists within the farming population for key indicators, the degree of homogeneity that exists amongst the broader group of farm households members for key indicators, and the extent to which farmers and farm household members conform to the socio-economic characteristics of the non-farming rural population. Results will be assessed for policy relevance and areas of ongoing investigation will be highlighted. ConclusionAgriculture is currently facing a range of challenges with little known about the impact on farmers and farming households. AD|ARC introduces a new, powerful and versatile resource that will inform debate and policy decision-makers, potentially leading to better outcomes on a range of issues relevant to farmers and farming communities.

Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on women entrepreneurial sustainability: the role of Islamic microfinance institutions

PurposeThe breakout of the COVID-19 pandemic has forced governments all over the globe to bring radical changes to all walks of life. Strict lockdowns are not only adversely affecting the social, economic, and psychological wellbeing of individuals but also questioning the sustainability of most businesses. In wake of the current scenario, this study is aimed at exploring how the COVID-19 pandemic is influencing the sustainability of entrepreneurship particularly from a female perspective and further providing insights into the role of Islamic financial institutions in the sustainability of businesses during COVID-19.Design/methodology/approachThis is a qualitative study that takes social constructivism approach to study the underlying phenomenon. Semi-structured interviews are conducted to collect primary data. Secondary data are also utilized in this study to theoretically define various concepts relating to entrepreneurial sustainability. The application of thematic analysis revealed various risks associated with sustainability. The interviews reveal the ground realities and tell us about the hardships being faced by the entrepreneurs due to ongoing crises. The participants of the study also shed light on the role of Islamic financial institutions during the pandemic.FindingsThe study results revealed that it may look impossible for women entrepreneurs to halt or avoid the adverse consequences of the pandemic; however, a few female entrepreneurs strived to guard their existing portfolios with the help of Islamic microfinance institutions. Whereas, several women, especially those running home-based businesses, lost their income streams. Despite these rapid challenges, most female entrepreneurs are working on inventive online systems to sustain their business activities during the crisis. Finally, guidelines are suggested which can help achieve sustainability of the entrepreneurial startups.Research limitations/implicationsThe outcomes of this study are expedient for funding agencies, government authorities and Islamic financial institutions as well as for non-government institutions to establish sustainable and broader policies for women to become successful entrepreneurs during severe disasters like COVID-19. Moreover, the study is a helpful tool for women entrepreneurs to avert the worst impact of the pandemic with the help of Islamic microfinance institutions. The themes of this study help generate realistic information to appraise the strategies to create facilitating business environments that drive the women to carry out the entrepreneurial activity during any crisis like the COVID-19.Practical implicationsThe results of this study provide evidence that crisis can be anticipated up to some extent if entrepreneurs become able to take proactive decisions in case of expected or identifiable threats. The study may also help the women entrepreneurs to comprehend the serious consequences of the pandemic by shifting their mode of financing to Islamic finance. Although this pandemic is a cause of physical discomfort instead this research may encourage the female entrepreneurs not to lose heart, just find the potential opportunities for their home-based and small businesses and manage funding from the Islamic microfinance institutions.Originality/valueThe study adds to the existing literature on entrepreneurial sustainability with a particular focus on the role of Islamic microfinance institutions for women entrepreneurs' sustainability in Pakistan. Secondly, the study employs the entrepreneurial sustainability model (ESM) that, according to the best of our knowledge, has not been used by the researchers earlier to study the given research phenomenon. Thirdly, the study findings are expedient for funding agencies, government authorities and financial institutions as well as for non-government institutions to establish sustainable and broader policies for women to become successful entrepreneurs during disasters like COVID-19.

From philanthropy to business: the economics of Royal Society journal publishing in the twentieth century

Scientific journal publishing has become a lucrative enterprise, for commercial firms and (some) society publishers alike; but it was not always thus. The Royal Society is the publisher of the world's longest-running scientific journal, and for most of the history of the Philosophical Transactions , its publication was a severe drain on the Society's finances. This paper uses the rich archives of the Royal Society to investigate the economic transformation of journal publishing over the course of the twentieth century. It began the century as a scholarly mission activity heavily subsidized by the Society, but ended it as a valuable income stream. Never-before-seen data reveal three phases: the end of the philanthropic model of circulation; the transition to a sales-based commercial model amidst the post-war boom in subscriber numbers; and the challenges facing that new business model once subscriber numbers went into decline in the late twentieth century. The paper does not directly address the open access movement of the twenty-first century, but is essential reading to understand the financial background.

Do financial models reshape un-cooperative cities? On urban founder’s profit and collaborative-communicative planning in times of austerity

This paper develops a conceptual approach to articulate the political-economy inspired literature on the financialisation of cities with a critical reading of collaborative-communicative planning theory to recognise the active role of planners in the multi-scalar, collective ‘making’ of financialisation by cities. More particularly, I stretch Hilferding’s original idea on founder’s profit, which was associated with the financial gains obtained from Initial Public Offerings and trading of company shares in open markets. In collaboration with private investors and producers of urban space, planners in cash strapped cities and states search for solutions to invest in better cities by anticipating their exclusive rights to various streams of income, while co-promoting and extracting part of urban founder’s profit in doing so. Nevertheless, a communication that is framed around the representational spaces and language of financial models triggers planners’ increasing entanglements with finance in the transformation of cities into abstract tradeable income yielding assets. A methodological-heuristic case study illustrates how tracing the models enables us to follow the money, exposing the contradictory role of collaborative-communicative planning and demand for a project with alternative time-space epistemologies.

Self-branding strategies of online freelancers on Upwork

Self-branding is crucial for online freelancers as they must constantly differentiate themselves from competitors on online labor platforms to ensure a viable stream of income. By analyzing 39 interviews with freelancers and clients on the online labor platform Upwork, we identify five key self-branding strategies: boosting a profile, showcasing skills, expanding presence, maintaining relationships with clients, and individualizing brand. These self-branding strategies are contextualized within Goffman’s dramaturgical theory and through an affordances lens, showing immanent tensions. While online freelancers successfully leverage self-branding to improve their visibility on Upwork and beyond, the client perspective reveals a fine line between too little and too much self-branding. Online freelancers must brand themselves in visibility games when the game rules are largely opaque, riddled with uncertainty, and constantly evolving. We connect the findings to adjacent platform economy research and derive a self-branding as a performance framework.

Shallow mixing interfaces between parallel streams of unequal densities

As opposed to the case of shallow mixing layers forming between parallel streams of unequal velocities and equal densities, the spatial development of the mixing interface (MI) between two parallel streams of unequal velocities and sufficiently large density contrast is controlled by the formation of a spatially developing, lock-exchange-like flow in transverse planes. Buoyancy effects are driven by the presence of a vertical density interface near the splitter plate. Eddy-resolving numerical simulations conducted in a wide and very long channel are used to investigate the mean flow structure and the effects of the lock-exchange-like flow and the associated coherent structures on mixing and the capacity of the flow to entrain sediment from the channel bed. When the two streams have unequal densities, quasi-two-dimensional Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) vortices still form near the MI origin, but their coherence is lost over a much shorter distance compared with the case with no density contrast, and their cores are severely stretched in the transverse direction. A main cell of recirculating (cross-) flow forms in the mean flow, in between the fronts of the near-bed intrusion of heavier fluid and the free-surface intrusion of lighter fluid. The instantaneous flow fields contain streamwise-oriented vortical cells along the interface separating the regions containing heavier and lighter fluids. These vortical cells play an important role in enhancing mixing, similar to the KH billows forming in a classical lock-exchange flow. The regions of highest turbulence amplification are situated next to the boundaries of the main recirculating cell. Once the oscillating fronts of the intrusions get sufficiently close to the channel sidewalls, streamwise cells of secondary flow form near the channel boundaries. For cases with a strong density contrast, the free-surface mixing pattern is not a good indicator of mixing between the two streams. For the same flow velocities in the incoming channels, the two streams mix faster with increasing density difference between the two streams. This is because, as opposed to the KH vortices, coherent structures induced by the formation of the lock-exchange-like flow maintain their coherence and capacity to induce mixing at very large distances from the splitter plate. Meanwhile, the redistribution of the streamwise momentum leading to uniform, fully developed flow over the whole cross-section is delayed by buoyancy effects. Away from the splitter plate, the region with the highest sediment entrainment potential is situated next to the edge of the main recirculation cell on the high-speed side of the channel. For the same flow velocities in the incoming channels, the sediment entrainment capacity of the flow is much larger in the simulations conducted with density contrast between the incoming streams and peaks for the case when the faster stream contains the denser fluid.

Disturbance growth on a NACA0008 wing subjected to free stream turbulence

The stability of an incompressible boundary layer flow over a wing in the presence of free stream turbulence (FST) has been investigated by means of direct numerical simulations and compared with the linearised boundary layer equations. Four different FST conditions have been considered, which are characterised by their turbulence intensity levels and length scales. In all cases the perturbed flow develops into elongated disturbances of high and low streamwise velocity inside the boundary layer, where their spacing has been found to be strongly dependent on the scales of the incoming free stream vorticity. The breakdown of these streaks into turbulent spots from local secondary instabilities is also observed, presenting the same development as the ones reported in flat plate experiments. The disturbance growth, characterised by its root mean squares value, is found to depend not only on the turbulence level, but also on the FST length scales. Particularly, higher disturbance growth is observed for our cases with larger length scales. This behaviour is attributed to the preferred wavenumbers that can exhibit maximum transient growth. We study this boundary layer preference by projection of the flow fields at the leading edge onto optimal disturbances. Our results demonstrate that optimal disturbance growth is the main cause of growth of disturbances on the wing boundary layer.

Insurance-adjusted valuation, decision making, and capital return

Although the insurance industry has a significant economic role, few theoretical studies link insurance with the overlapping generations economy. This study suggests a new overlapping generations model that includes insurance in the agents' economic decisions under the uncertainty of financial losses. In this insurance model, we derive risk-averse workers' optimal insurance purchases and consumption based on the insurance-adjusted valuations, which are the present value of the income streams minus insurance premiums paid in the future. The theoretical equilibrium model predicts capital returns, wealth, labor supply, etc. Our findings show that higher workforce and technological progress increase private insurance demand and reduce the capital-output ratio, and higher losses as a fraction of output increase social insurance demand and reduce the capital-output ratio via numerical comparative statics.

Impact of COVID-19 on Virtual Guitar Communities

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the music industry was already experiencing uncertainty as musicians experimented with new modes of dissemination and monetization following developments in telecommunications. The arrival of the internet instigated varying, sometimes contradictory, cultural concerns including dispersion, dissipation, preservation, development, homogenization and heterogeneity. Guitar players have traditionally formed local networks and communities in geo-located domains. However, in the twenty-first century, community domains also include virtual spaces. An immersive netnographic study investigated activities in online guitar communities from the perspective of UNESCO’s Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage. Data were analysed using the protocols of Inductive Thematic Analysis generating seven codes, regarding the impact of COVID-19 on virtual guitar communities. Without doubt, the pandemic has had serious negative effects on individual musicians’ and live venues’ income streams. However, it does seem to have acted as a catalyst for fresh vigour within online communities seeking new ways to connect. With more artists sharing and interacting, the result could be a richer environment in the future. However, without a strong recognition of cultural responsibility this richness may result in a homogenous melting pot. Alternatively, it may also bring to light cultural expressions previously suppressed.

An assessment of the viability of a commercial lionfish fishery in the US Virgin Islands

The presence of invasive lionfish in the U.S. Virgin Islands and the difficulties experienced by commercial fishers and concerned stakeholders presents an oddly complementary set of dilemmas. Local stakeholders have difficulties implementing a financially sustainable means of reducing the lionfish population. Meanwhile, commercial fishers are frustrated by the decline in traditional fisheries. In many cases, this decline is in part accelerated by the presence of lionfish outcompeting the native species for the same prey. In other words, the successful development of a market for lionfish could solve several problems including: providing an additional fishing target for commercial fishers, increasing the diversity and amount of fresh fish landed and consumed locally, providing a stable income stream to supplement commercial fishing related businesses (i.e., fishing/dive suppliers, restaurants, etc.), and reduce pressure on wild stocks and the coral reefs (i.e., improve and protect the diversity and resilience of the ecosystem). This study examines the barriers and opportunities in developing a lionfish market for local consumption in the USVI.

Bisnis Model Kanvas Pada PT. Pabrik Gula Candi Baru Sidoarjo Jawa Timur

This study aimed to formulate a nine-component business model canvas at PT. Candi Baru Sugar Factory Sidoarjo, East Java to achieve a level of efficiency by creating new market space by integrating all business activities to win the competition to get a bigger market share by reducing costs. The research method used business environment analysis, business model canvas analysis with nine components, and a four-step blue ocean strategy framework. The results of the business model canvas formulation at PT. Candi Baru Sugar Factory, Sidoarjo, East Java, offers two alternatives for expanding customer segments (Customer Segments) to create new market space. The new customer segments are food and beverage industry company and a paper industry company. The addition of a customer segment resulted in changes to other components of the business model canvas consisting of key partners (Key Partners) where the ministry of trade regulates HET (Highest Retail Price) and supervises the distribution of national sugar and imported sugar to consumers which have a significant effect on national sugar prices. and partner farmers as suppliers of raw materials aimed at smooth production activities in expanding customer segments so that it has an impact on increasing production capacity (milling machines), improving product quality, main resources, cost structure, and increasing income streams.