Income Of Rice Farmers Research Articles

ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DESA PEWUNU KECAMATAN DOLO BARAT KABUPATEN SIGI

The purpose of this study was to determine the income of rice farmers in Pewunu Village, Dolo Barat 
 District, Sigi Regency. carried out in Pewunu Village, Dolo Barat District, Sigi Regency from November 
 2020 to January 2021. Determination of sample farmer respondents taken as many as 32 people from the 
 total population of lowland rice farmers with the consideration that these 32 respondents can represent the 
 population of lowland rice farmers in the village Pewunu. The data used are primary data and secondary 
 data. The analysis used in this research is income analysis. The results of the income analysis show that the 
 average income received by lowland rice farming in Pewunu Village, Dolo Barat District, Sigi Regency is 
 Rp. 29,223,124 per season with an average income of Rp. 41,861,250 per season minus the total cost of 
 Rp. 12,638,126 per season.

Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Petani Padi di Kecamatan Babirik Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara

This research was designed to (1) calculate land productivity; (2) to analyze effect of the land area, labor, seeds and fertilizers on the income of rice farmers; (3) find out the most dominant factors affecting the income of rice farmers. This research took the case study area in Babirik Sub-district, HSU disctrict. The data source is primary, obtained via questionnaires will be analyzed with multiple regression linier which will be tested through the f-test and the t-test. This research found that land productivity was up to standard. Then simultaneously land area, labor, seeds and fertilizers had an significant effect. Land area is the most dominant factor affecting the income of rice farmers.

PEMBERDAYAAN DAN PERAN KELOMPOK TANI DALAM USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DI KABUPATEN BONE

The research was conducted to 1)Analyze the empowerment of farmer groups in the management of lowland rice farming in Toro Village, 2 Analyze the role of farmer groups in the management of lowland rice farming in Toro Village, 3)Analyze the production and income of lowland rice farming in Toro Village, 4)Analyze the influence of empowerment of farmer groups on the productivity of lowland rice in Toro Village, and 5)Analyzing the influence of the role of farmer groups on the productivity of lowland rice farming in Toro Village. The research was conducted in Toro Village, Tanete Riattang Timur District, Bone Regency in October-November 2021 from 17 farmer groups. Survey research method with purposive sampling, with 51 farmers as a sample. Farmer groups in Toro Village through the ability of farmer groups in managing information, managing farms, market production and application of technology are included in the very good category with an index of 82.9%. The role of farmer groups in Toro Village as a place of learning, a vehicle for cooperation and production units play a good role in increasing the productivity of lowland rice farming. Lowland rice farming is profitable for farmers with an average income of lowland rice in Toro Village of Rp. 22,084,070 and the average total cost of production is Rp. 3,260,108 and the average income of farmers per planting season is Rp. 18,823,963. Empowerment of farmer groups in Toro Village through the ability of farmer groups in managing information, decision making, farm management, production marketing and application of technology has a significant effect on increasing rice farming productivity in Bone Regency. The role of farmer groups as a learning platform, a vehicle for cooperation and production units has no significant effect on increasing the productivity of lowland rice farming in Bone Regency.

KELEMBAGAAN EKONOMI DALAM PRODUKSI BERAS ORGANIK (On Farm – Off Farm) Di JEMBER

This study aims to analyze the business of organic rice farming in farmer groups and to analyze institutions, calculate the profits of organic rice farming, social capital and distribution channels of organic rice in farmer groups. The research was conducted for 2 months starting from April to May by means of interviews and direct observation to the research site. The data analysis technique used is the production cost approach to calculate the income of organic rice farming and the institutional role of the Tani Jaya II Cooperative for organic rice farmers in Rowosari Village, Sumberjambe District, Jember Regency. The results of this study indicate that organic rice farming is said to be efficient, social capital can support the sustainability of farming and distribution on organic rice farming is more profitable if it is sold to Koperasi Tani Jaya II because cooperatives can buy rice at a higher price than collectors and business partners of rice farming businesses. Organic rice in Jember Regency with the Jaya II farmer group has very good potential due to the high demand for organic rice from several companies.

Dampak Penggunaan Jenis Pupuk Terhadap Pendapatan Petani Padi Sawah di Kabupaten Batanghari

Batanghari Regency is one of the regencies in Jambi Province that has a potential for the development of lowland rice commodities. Rice farming in Batanghari Regency consists of organic and inorganic rice. Organic rice is a farming technique using fertilizer (compost and organic fertilizers) that can be broken down by decomposer organisms. The continuous use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on agricultural land results in a decrease in the structure and composition of nutrients and soil fertility which indirectly affects the level of production. The decrease in the level of production will be followed by a decrease in the level of farmers' income which will have an impact on the decrease in farmers' income. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of using organic fertilizers on lowland rice plants on farmers' income in Batanghari Regency. The results showed that simultaneously the independent variables had a significant effect on the income of lowland rice farmers. Partially, rice production, fertilizer costs, pesticide costs and types of fertilizers had a significant effect on the income of lowland rice farmers, while the level of education did not significantly affect the income of lowland rice farmers in Batanghari Regency. The type of fertilizer had a significant effect on the income of lowland rice farmers, so that the income of rice farmers who use organic fertilizers was higher than the income of rice farmers who used inorganic fertilizers.

ANALYSIS OF AFFECTING RICE FARMERS INCOME IN KEDUNGPRING VILLAGE KEC. KEDUNGPRING KAB. LAMONGAN

The existence of social and economic factors that are owned by each farmer certainly results in differences. This can be attributed to the capacity of the farmers in producing rice crops and increasing business income in agriculture. The purpose of the study is to explain the analysis that affects the income of rice farmers. The research method used is quantitative method using analytical test tools in the form of T-test, multiple linear regression analysis, Coefficient of Determination Test, and F-test. The results of the data analysis are known that for X2 t test results obtained tcount (3.286) is greater than ttable (1.984) with df = (n-k), at a significant level = 0.05 (0.05/2 = 0.025). So that tcount > ttable then H1 is accepted, which means that there is a significant influence between Economic Factor variables on income, while the results of multiple linear regression tests show that Constant (α ) is 0.439, indicating the magnitude of the influence of Social Factors (X1), Economic Factors (X2 ), to Income (Y) meaning that if the independent variable is a constant, (X1, X2, = 0) then the income is 0.438. For the results of the coefficient of determination are Social Factors (X1), Economic Factors (X2) to the dependent variable, namely Income (Y) is 0.744. This means that 74.6% of the dependent variable, namely income, can be explained by the independent variable, namely social factors, economic factors. And the remaining 25.4% of income can be explained by other variables or other factors, here another factor is the selling price. And for the results of the F-test which shows that the Fcount is 84.568 with a sig level. of 0.000. At the level of significant value = 0.05.

Income Analysis of Farmers Using Rice Transplanter Technology as an Innovation for Rice Planting to Supporting Sustainabilty Agriculture

Sidrap Regency is one of the food barns in South Sulawesi, which can supply the rice needs of the surrounding area. Thus, efforts are made to introduce technology and innovation in their agricultural cultivation business so that farmers can increase their income with their legalized rice cultivation business. The puIDRose of this study was to find out how much rice farming income was earned by farmers when introducing Rica transplanter technology in their farming. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with variables that determine income analysis in the form of total production and costs used. The results showed that the rice planter system with the Rice Transplanter machine is still not widely used by farmers because the application of technology in the agricultural sector is also not something easy, one of which is because farmers' habits and understanding of technology are still lacking, besides that agricultural activities are also a source of livelihood for farmers so that farmers do not readily change old habits that have been adopted so far. The results showed that the income earned by farmers while adopting the Rice Transplanter technology was IDR 37,295,100, which indicates that there was no significant increase in Rice Transplanter innovation. This is because some farmers do not understand more deeply about the maximum use of this technology, so they still mix conventional uses.

UJI ADAPTASI VARIETAS UNGGUL BARU PADI MELALUI PENGELOLAAN TANAMAN TERPADU

Variety is one of the important components that contribute to increasing rice productivity and farm income. The purpose of the study is to obtain high productivity adaptive VUB and increase farmers' income to support organic farming. The study was conducted in Subak Timpag, Kerambitan, Tabanan, Bali Province in 2017 covering an area of ​​4 hectares using organic fertilizer PTT technology. The varieties used were Inpari 19, 24, 30, 31, 32, 33, and Mekongga as comparison. The variables observed were the components of growth, yield, and farming. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, single factor RAK with seven varieties as treatment with 10 replications. Farming costs and income were analyzed using income analysis and financial feasibility. The results of statistical analysis of several VUB treatments had a very significant effect on some growth and yields. VUB that can adapt well are Inpari 30, 19 and 31 varieties with a productivity of 7.87; 7.30 and 6.85 tons/ha. The average productivity increase is 1.64 tons/ha GKG or an increase of 29.88%. The results of the analysis of the costs used increased by 11.88%, but revenues also increased by 23.11% so that the average increase in income was 34.97% or Rp. 3,400,000.00 per ha, with an increase in the R/C ratio before and after assistance of 0.20 or 10.03%. The application of PTT technology is able to increase lowland rice productivity and can economically increase rice farming income, to support organic agriculture in Bali Province.

Impacts of Green Production Behaviors on the Income Effect of Rice Farmers from the Perspective of Outsourcing Services: Evidence from the Rice Region in Northwest China

Along with the increasingly prominent contradiction between agricultural development and a healthy ecological environment, the adoption of agriculture green production (AGP) methods has become an important measure to reduce excessive pesticide application, avoid ecological environmental pollution and promote sustainable agricultural development. However, few studies have explored the impact of green production behaviors on the revenue effect from the perspective of outsourcing services, and existing studies have not subdivided outsourcing into multiple categories to examine their impact. In this study, the first-hand data of 447 rice farmers in Ningxia and Shaanxi in northwest China were collected. By using the endogenous switching regression model (ESR), we focuses on the influence of rice farmers’ AGP behaviors on their income effect, and analyzed whether outsourcing service categories can promote rice farmers’ AGP behaviors and income. The results showed that outsourcing services significantly promoted AGP behaviors and the income of rice farmers. Specifically, outsourcing pesticide application showed the greatest effect on the reduction of pesticide usage, rice harvesting after a safe interval after pesticide application, and the income of rice farmers; weeding and harvesting outsourcing had less effect. These indicate that outsourcing services can improve environmental and economic benefits by reducing pesticide input costs, to promote rice farmers to engage in AGP behaviors. Moreover, green production behaviors help to increase the income of rice farmers. If rice farmers who have not implemented AGP conduct physical control behaviors, their income will increase by 23.110%; the reduction of pesticide application ranks the second, and their income will increase by 5.970%. The implementation of rice harvesting at the safe intervals after pesticide application had the lowest degree of improvement, and the farmers’ income will increase by 4.505%. The study provides data for promoting outsourcing services and AGP in developing countries. Therefore, the government should further improve outsourcing services and AGP policies to maximize the income of rice farmers in low- and middle-income areas.

Analisis Pendapatan Usahatani Padi Sawah Di Desa Tonom Kecamatan Dumoga Timur Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow

The purpose of this study is to analyze the income of lowland rice farming in Tonom Village, Dumoga Timur District, Bolaang Mongondow Regency. This research was conducted for 3 months, from November 2021 to January 2022. The data used in this study were primary data and secondary data. The sample was selected using a proportional stratified random sampling method (Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling). The population was divided into three strata based on the area of land planted with lowland rice, namely strata I (land area 1 Ha), Strata II (land area 1-2 Ha) and strata III (land area 2 Ha). The number of samples is 30 people from 116 farmer population. The results of this study indicate that the income of lowland rice farming per hectare at strata I, II, and III respectively is Rp. 6,029,865, Rp. 6,241,915, and Rp. 6,257,939. This shows a tendency that the larger the cultivated land, the higher the income per hectare from lowland rice farming.

Kontibusi Pendapatan Usahatani Padi Ladang Terhadap Pendapatan Petani Di Desa Taraudu Kecamatan Sahu Kabupaten Halmahera Barat

The purpose of this study was to determine and calculate the contribution of upland rice farming income to farmers' income. This research was conducted from September 2021 to November 2021. Primary data were obtained directly from selected respondents at the research location. The sampling method was carried out with a sampling census which made all members of the population as samples, the population in this study was 40 field rice farmers in Taraudu Village. The analysis used in this study is analyzed using the contribution formula and is presented in tabular form. The results of the study showed that upland rice farming contributed 10.72% to farmers' income.

EXAMINING SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSTRAINTS OF SMALLHOLDER WOMEN RICE FARMERS: A CASE STUDY OF GARU AND TEMPANE DISTRICTS, GHANA

Purpose: Past studies generally agree that gender-based socio-economic constraints in the agricultural sector negatively affect the growth of the agricultural sector in Ghana and other African countries. The government statistics showed that the Upper East Region of Ghana experienced a substantial decline in productivity, but few studies have clarified what socio-economic factors actually contributed to this decline. This study attempts to identify these factors and the extent to which these factors affect women farmers.
 Methodology: We conducted a preliminary field survey in Ghana among farmers and government officials and identified several possible factors, such as poor access to tractor services and improved seeds, the patriarchal traditional land tenure system, insufficient credit availability, limited extension services and lower fertilizer usage. On the basis of our preliminary survey, we designed a questionnaire to gain insights into local productivity and women’s roles. We selected ten farming communities in Garu and Tempane districts of the Upper East Region. Through purposive sampling, we distributed the questionnaire among 14 smallholder women rice farmers randomly from each community (a total of 140 respondents). We obtained valid answers from all.
 Findings: The results showed that women rice farmers identified the following factors that had inhibited their production activities: obtaining credit from financial institutions (95%), the limited availability of extension services (85%), the high cost of fertilizer (78%), poor accessibility to certified seeds (74%), patriarchal land tenure system (63%) and poor access to tractor service (59%). We then conducted a multiple regression analysis and found that respondents’ education, rice farming experience and income significantly influenced how they identified these constraints.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Agricultural productivity has been largely framed within a context of agricultural science, breeding, or food security, but not so much within a context of gender studies. In many rural areas of northern Ghana, women remain invisible, inaccessible and marginal in terms of policy support, scholarly investigation, and socio-economic equity; yet they are the very backbone of Ghana’s agricultural economy. This paper offers locally ground insights as a result of long-term field experience that allowed us to reach many of these marginalized local farmers. Whereas abortion and pro-life choice can be some of the on-going concerns for women in developed countries, local farmers in our study area share with us somewhat different and unique insights on how gender equity can be interconnected to food productivity.

Analysis of the Transition from Field Rice Farming to Cassava Farming through a Land Optimization Development Program in Eelahaji Village Kulisusu District Buton Utara Regency

This study aims to determine why farmers switch farming from field rice to cassava and determine the income difference between upland rice and cassava farming in Eelahaji Village, Kulisusu District, North Buton Regency. The study was conducted in Eelahaji Village, Kulisusu Subdistrict, North Buton Regency, in November 2021. The research population was all farmers receiving government assistance from the land optimization development program and 35 farmers who changed their farms. In contrast, the research sample was determined using the census method. The type and origin of the data used are primary and secondary data. Collecting data using the method of observation, interviews, and documentation. The research variables include income, cooperation of farmers in groups, farming habits, labor, production, costs, prices, and revenues. Analysis of the data used to answer the research objectives is descriptive analysis. The results of the study share that the reason for farmers to switch their farming is that the economic aspect uses a percentage (25%) in the form of 25% income and the social aspect with a percentage of 75% in the form of farmer cooperation in groups (25%), farming habits (25%) and labor ( 25%). The income of upland rice farming is on average IDR2,285,886/ha/year, while the income of cassava farming is on average IDR12,858,857/ha/year. Thus, it can be seen that there is a significant difference between the income of upland rice farming and cassava farming.

ANALISIS EFISIENSI PRODUKSI DAN PENDAPATAN USAHATANI PADI SAWAH DI KECAMATAN ABUNG TIMUR KABUPATEN LAMPUNG UTARA

This study aims to determine the level of production efficiency of lowland rice farming and lowland rice farming income. The study was conducted using a survey method. The research was carried out in Sidomukti and Bumi Jaya Villages, with the consideration that both villages had the same type of wetland, namely the largest type of irrigated paddy in 2018. The number of respondents was 75 paddy rice farmers selected using a simple random method. Data collection was carried out in March-April 2019. The amount of income was analyzed by calculating the R/C and the level of production efficiency was analyzed by the stochastic frontier production function. The results showed that lowland rice farming was not yet technically efficient, economically very efficient, and very efficient in price. The income of lowland rice farming in season I to cash costs is IDR9,653,092.11 per ha with an R/C of 2.66 and the income of lowland rice farming to the total cost of IDR5,647,645.87 with an R / C of 1.58 per ha meaning that farming is profitable to be cultivated. Key words: income, lowland rice farming, production efficiency

Food Security and Welfare Of Lowland Rice Farmers Analysis In The Border Area Of North Kalimantan

Household welfare is related to the fulfillment of basic human needs, namely food so that household welfare is related to food security. Household (family) food security can be defined as the ability of the family to access food properly to provide for the lives of family members. This research was conducted in Binalawan Village, West Sebatik District, North Kalimantan Province. This study aims to, (1) determine the income of rice farming (2) determine the contribution of rice farming income to total household income (3) determine the food security of farm households and (4) determine the welfare of rice farmers’ households. The method of determining the sample in this study using purposive sampling with the number of respondents as 42 farmers. The analysis used is the analysis of farm costs, revenues, income, contribution of farm income, analysis of food security (TSP) and analysis of food welfare. The results showed that the income of rice farming was Rp. 2,008,644.50 per year. The contribution of rice farming income to total household income is 4.737%. The household food security of rice farmers is 1.58, which means that the household’s ability to meet the food consumption needs of rice farming products can meet the needs of rice equivalent. Welfare of farmer households with a purchasing power level of 2.02 and a GSR of 1.44 which means that the economy of rice farmers’ households is classified as less prosperous.

ANALISIS PENDAPATAN, RESIKO PRODUKSI DAN FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH DALAM PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN BERUSAHATANI PADI ORGANIK DAN ANORGANIK DI KABUPATEN PRINGSEWU

This study aims to analyze (1) the income of organic and anorganic rice farming, (2) the risk of organic and anorganic rice production, (3) the factors that influence the decision making of farmers to choose organic rice farming. The research was conducted in Pagelaran Village and Patoman Village, Pagelaran District, Pringsewu Regency. The sample in this study were 88 respondents consisting of organic and non-organic rice farmers. The method used is quantitative analysis and logistic regression. The results showed that (1) the income of organic rice farming was Rp 24.579.156,66 with an R/C value of 1,53 while anorganic rice farming was Rp 9.046.423,03 with an R/C value of 1,75. (2) The risk coefficient of organic rice farming production is 0,514 while anorganic is 0,608. (3) The variables that influence the decision making of organic rice farming are age and education level.

DAMPAK PROGRAM ONE REGION ONE OFFTAKER TERHADAP PENDAPATAN PETANI PADI SAWAH (ORIZA SATIVA L.) DI KOTA SUKABUMI (Suatu kasus pada petani padi sawah Program One Region One Offtaker)

To increase the income of rice farmers in Sukabumi City, the Sukabumi City Food Security, Agriculture and Fisheries Service made a new breakthrough, namely the One Roof program which began in 2020. This program was implemented as a farmer partner institution, in this program an offtaker was appointed who in terms of guarantees financing capital for farming and at the same time guaranteeing the market for agricultural products. Farmers will obtain a business financing loan facility from the offtaker with a guarantee that the resulting product is sold to the offtaker at a reasonable price. The existence of offtakers is expected to be able to reduce farmers' dependence on middlemen who generally harm farmers. In addition, there is assistance from sapras (fertilizers and pesticides) to alleviate the need for sapras whose prices are increasing. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in production costs, production and income of lowland rice farmers before and after participating in the One Roof program. The data analysis method used was unpaired t-test. The results of the analysis show that the cost of farming production before participating in the One Roof Program is Rp 8,178,302/Ha, and after Rp 7.723.236, this shows a significant difference. Rice production before joining the One Roof Program was 6,530 Kg/Ha, and after 6,542 Kg/Ha, showed no significant difference. For lowland rice farmers' income before and after participating in the One Roof program, it shows a significant difference, before Rp 17,941,762/Ha/MT, while after Rp 20,408,759/Ha/MT.

FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PARTISIPASI PETANI DALAM PROGRAM ASURANSI USAHA TANI PADI (AUTP) DI KECAMATAN PENGANDONAN

This study aims to determine the factors that influence farmer participation in the rice farming business insurance program (AUTP) in Pengandonan District. The methodology of this research was carried out with qualitative methods. Where the research uses statistical analysis using logistic regression analysis. Data obtained by distributing questionnaires and data obtained from farmers directly and equipped with secondary data, namely the relevant agencies. The results of this study are the factors that influence farmers' decisions in participating in the rice farming insurance program (AUTP), namely there are seven factors including: age, education, farming experience, land area, income, planting calendar and premiums. Of the seven factors, six factors have a significant effect on farmers' decisions in participating in the rice farming insurance program, namely age, education, farming experience, land area, income, and premiums. And one factor that has no significant effect on farmers' decisions in participating in the rice farming insurance program is the planting calendar factor. Keywords: Participation, insurance, farming, rice

PERSEPSI PEMUDA TERHADAP PROFESI PETANI PADI DI KOTA SEMARANG

The majority of youth today do not choose jobs as farmers because they are considered unprofitable for life. This study aims to: (1) analyze youth perceptions of the rice farming profession, (2) analyze the simultaneous or partial influence of income, capital, social environment, age and education factors on youth perceptions of the rice farming profession in Semarang City. implemented in the city of Semarang. The method of determining the sample using the cluster sampling method with a total sample of 125 people. The type of data used is primary and secondary data obtained by interview, observation, and documentation. The data analysis method used is descriptive analysis and multiple regression test. The results showed that this positive perception can be seen from the youth's perception of rice farmers with a positive view or in accordance with the youth's expectations of the rice farmers which can be seen in terms of income, capital, social environment, age and education. Pemuda agrees that rice farmers' income is adjusted to the area of land owned by farmers and farmers' income is fluctuating. The youth considered that to become a farmer it was not necessary to have private land because farmers could work on other people's land. Lack of capital can affect the income of rice farmers. Peers who are in the environment around the youth do not take lightly the rice farmer profession and the youth's parents do not support their children to become rice farmers. Youth considers that to become a rice farmer there is no certain age limit and youth is suitable to be a rice farmer. Youth during their education did not acquire knowledge about rice farmers. Youth considers that being a rice farmer requires knowledge, experience and skills..

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF RICE FARMING INCOMEORGANIC AND NON-ORGANIC IN EAST OKU REGENCY

This study aims to analyze the income of organic and non-organic rice farming in Ogan Komering Ulu Timur Regency. The research method used is a survey method. The research was conducted on March 2022 in East OKU Regency. The sampling method used an unequal layered random sample method in which a population of 374 lowland rice farmers was taken using the slovin formula with a margin of error of 10% and the sample taken was 37 respondents, and 20 organic rice farmers, so the total sample is 57 people. Testing and processing of research data using statistical analysis of T test or difference test (t-test) with two averages (parired – samples T-Test) using SPSS 23. The results showed that there was a difference in income between organic rice farmers of Rp. 21. 930,748,- per year and the income of non-organic paddy rice farmers is Rp.21,411,372,- per year. Even though mathematically the household income of organic farmers is greater than the household income of non-organic farmers, statistically there is no significant or no significant difference between the income received by organic and non-organic farmers.