Income Of Residents Research Articles

Low Socioeconomic Status is Associated With Higher In-Hospital Mortality in Stanford Type A Aortic Dissection Repair: A Population Study of National Inpatient Sample From 2015 to 2020

IntroductionStanford Type A Aortic Dissection (TAAD) is characterized by a high in-hospital mortality rate and necessitates urgent surgical intervention. While socioeconomic status is known to influence health-care outcomes, its specific association with TAAD remains underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the population-based association between socioeconomic status with TAAD repair outcomes using a national registry. MethodsPatients who had TAAD repair were identified in National Inpatient Sample from Q4 2015-2020. National Inpatient Sample stratified estimated median household income of residents within a patient's ZIP code. Patients residing in neighborhoods of incomes in the lowest and highest quartiles were selected as the study cohorts. Multivariable logistic regressions were used to compare in-hospital outcomes, adjusted for demographics, comorbid conditions, hospital characteristics, primary payer status, and transfer status. ResultsCompared to patients from high-income neighborhoods, patients in low-income communities had higher risks of mortality (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.45, P = 0.01), acute kidney injury (aOR 1.225, P = 0.03), and infection (aOR 1.474, P = 0.02), as well as longer wait from admission to operation (24.96 ± 2.64 versus 18.00 ± 1.92 h, P = 0.03) and longer length of stay (15.06 ± 0.38 versus 13.80 ± 0.36 d, P = 0.01). In contrast, patients from low-income communities had less risk of hemorrhage/hematoma (aOR 0.691, P < 0.01) and lower total hospital charge (428,746 ± 10,658 versus 487,017 ± 16,770 US dollars, P < 0.01). ConclusionsEvidence suggests patients from lower-income communities may have limited access to health care and treatment delays, leading to higher mortality and complications. The underlying reasons for these disparities in economically disadvantaged communities warrant further investigation, which could focus on health-care accessibility, timely detection of TAAD, and prompt transfers to specialized centers.

Incidence of Late-Onset Psoriasis Following Tonsillectomy: A Longitudinal Follow-Up Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort.

Tonsillectomy has been suggested as a potential intervention to resolve psoriasis; however, its preventive effects on the development of psoriasis remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the risk of developing late-onset psoriasis among a Korean adult population who had undergone tonsillectomy. Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort between 2002 and 2019 were utilized. Out of a total of 514,866 participants, 1082 participants aged 40 years or older who had undergone tonsillectomy were matched with 4328 control participants using overlap weighting adjustment based on the propensity score. The incidence and hazard ratio (HR) of psoriasis were calculated for both tonsillectomy and control groups. The incidence rates of psoriasis were 1.30% in the tonsillectomy group and 1.20% in the control group. The incidence of psoriasis (overlap-weighted HR = 1.08, 95% confidence of interval = 0.69-1.69, and p = 0.732) did not differ significantly between the patients who underwent tonsillectomy and those in the control group. The cumulative probability of developing psoriasis was not different between the two groups (Log-rank test: p = 0.440). These findings were consistent across subgroups divided by age, sex, income, and region of residence. We found that tonsillectomy did not confer a preventive effect on the development of late-onset psoriasis in the Korean adult population.

Research on the impact of marine economic development in coastal areas on regional economic resilience: evidence from China

Marine economy is a valuable pillar for the development of coastal areas. It is of profound significance to explore the influence of marine economy development on economic resilience of coastal areas. This paper constructs an economic resilience assessment framework based on resistance, adaptability, and evolutionary power, adopts the entropy method to calculate the economic resilience development level in China’s coastal areas from 2006 to 2019, and examines in detail the driving factors affecting the economic resilience from the indicator level. Furthermore, panel regression models are used to explore the influence of marine economic development on the economic resilience of China’s coastal areas and its mechanism of action. The results show that: (1) China’s coastal areas have an overall trend of rising economic resilience. The spatiotemporal differentiation characteristics of different economic resilience factors are significant. (2) Factors such as regional economic scale, innovation input, industrial transformation, resident income, consumption scale, degree of marketization, and financial scale are key factors to enhance the economic system resilience of coastal areas. (3) There is a significant positive impact of the marine economy on the economic resilience of coastal areas, and this promotion effect is regulated and constrained by the level of diversification of marine industries and the level of concentration of marine industries. (4) Heterogeneity analysis shows that there are significant individual differences in the impact of Marine economy on economic resilience, and its marginal effect first increases and then decreases. The corresponding policy implications are further analyzed based on the research results.

Incidence and Influencing Factors of Anxiety and Depression in Individuals with Acute Ischemic Stroke: A Retrospective Study.

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is the most common type of stroke in clinical practice, and individuals with stroke are more prone to psychological disorders than healthy individuals. This study aims to explore the incidence of anxiety and depression and related influencing factors in individuals with AIS. In brief, 680 individuals with AIS admitted to Chun'an County First People's Hospital from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the research subjects, and their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were evaluated with the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) to observe the occurrence of anxiety and depression, and single-factor and multi-factor logistic regression were used to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety and depression. Among the 680 individuals with AIS, there were 63 cases of mild anxiety (9.26%), 25 cases of moderate anxiety (3.68%), and 8 cases of severe anxiety (1.18%), with a total of 96 cases (14.12%) with anxiety symptoms. Additionally, there were 74 cases of mild depression (10.88%), 28 cases of moderate depression (4.12%), and 10 cases of severe depression (1.47%), with a total of 112 cases with depression (16.47%). The results of univariate analysis showed that there was a weak correlation between age, body mass index, disease duration, marital status, and the development of anxiety and depression in individuals with AIS (p > 0.05). Educational level, underlying diseases, family income, and place of residence were found to influence the development of anxiety and depression in individuals with AIS (p < 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that educational level (no higher education), underlying diseases (with), family income (<50,000 yuan/year, the average exchange rate of RMB to USD was 6.7261), and place of residence (rural area) were influencing factors for the development of anxiety and depression in individuals with AIS (p < 0.05). Depression and anxiety are common psychological disorders in patients with AIS. The level of education (no higher education), underlying diseases (with), family income (<50,000 yuan/year), and place of residence (rural area) were risk factors that may lead to anxiety and depression in individuals with AIS. For those with risk factors for anxiety and depression, reasonable intervention should be continually provided to guide early disease prediction and treatment of anxiety and depression in individuals with AIS.

Disparities by sex in Hispanic patients with cutaneous melanoma: A national database analysis.

e23045 Background: Melanoma is the fifth most common form of malignancy in the United States.1 Studies have established that Hispanic patients have worse melanoma-specific survival compared to non-Hispanic White individuals.2 However, there is a paucity of literature investigating sex differences in patient characteristics and outcomes within Hispanic melanoma patients. Thus, the aim of this study is to further examine sex differences in melanoma characteristics and disease-specific survival within Hispanic patients. Methods: Individuals of Hispanic descent diagnosed with microscopically confirmed cases of cutaneous melanoma (ICD-O-3 codes 8720/3-8780/3; Primary Site codes C44.0-C44.9) between 2000 and 2020 were identified through the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Statistical analyses involved Chi-squared tests, Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods, and multivariate Cox regression, with significance set at a p-value &lt; 0.05. Results: In a cohort of 12,328 Hispanic melanoma patients (43.3% male, 56.7% female), a significant association between sex and age was found (p &lt; 0.001). The greatest proportion of males were in the 60-79 age group (39.7%), while females were predominantly in the 40-59 age group (39.0%). Greater number of males had truncal melanomas (31.4%) compared to females having lower extremity melanomas (35.2%) (p &lt; 0.001). Females exhibited higher rates of localized disease (80.3% vs 70.2%) while males were more frequently diagnosed with regional (18.5% vs 13.8%) and distant disease (11.3% vs 5.9%) (p &lt; 0.001). Males demonstrated greater mean Breslow thickness (1.80 vs 1.44; p &lt; 0.001), elevated rates of lymph node positivity (37.2% vs 27.2%; p &lt; 0.001), and metastatic disease (2.8% vs 1.6%; p &lt; 0.001). On univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis, males demonstrated significantly reduced disease-specific survival (182.9 months) compared to females (214.2 months) (p &lt; 0.001). After adjusting for age, disease stage, annual income, rural vs urban residence, and primary tumor site, male sex independently increased disease-specific mortality compared to females (HR = 1.31; 95% CI 1.16-1.48; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Our investigation reveals that Hispanic males tend to receive melanoma diagnoses at older ages, advanced-stage disease, and primarily on the trunk.3 Furthermore, our study is the first to highlight a significantly reduced disease-specific survival in males compared to females. The observed sex differences may arise from a complex interplay of behavioral factors and immunological, hormonal, or genetic influences.4 Men exhibit a lower likelihood of engaging in skin self-examinations and seeking medical assistance. Limitations to this study include use of data reported through a national database. Nonetheless, this study underscores the significance of sex-specific variations in presentation and disease-specific survival among Hispanic patients.

Perceptions and Behaviors Regarding Early Screening and Breast-Related Complaints Among Saudi Women.

Background Breast cancer (BC) is a global public health issue, contributing to a significant death toll among women. Breast cancer is the most common type among Saudi women, accounting for over a quarter of all new cancer cases. The current approaches for detecting BC include mammography, clinical breast exams, and breast self-examination (BSE). Early diagnosis of BC is crucial for reducing mortality and morbidity. This study aimsto investigate attitudes and behaviorsregardingearly screeningand self-examination ofbreast cancerin Saudi Arabia. Materials and method This cross-sectional study was conducted over eight months. The sample size calculation with a 95% confidence interval and 0.05 precision rate is 600 of the total targeted group. The study included Saudi females aged 30 and above. Data were collected via an online questionnaire. The questionnaire evaluated various aspects, including information regarding sociodemographics, barriers, and attitudes toward breast cancer screening. Results The majority of participants were aged 41-50 (40.7%) and married (76.2%). Over a third (31.9%) had been diagnosed with benign breast tumors, with MRI being the most common examination method (39.2%). Regarding screening practices, 55.7% had been screened previously, with a high intention for future screening (76.8%). Attitudes toward screening were positive, with 83.4% willing to undergo testing if free, painless, and conducted by a female provider. Barriers to screening included fear of examination (30.2%) and shame about exposing the body (25.6%). Conclusion The study provides valuable insights into the demographic characteristics, prevalence of benign breast tumors, screening practices, and attitudes toward breast cancer screening among Saudi women aged 30 and above. Factors such as age, marital status, income, occupation, and geographical residency influence screening behavior and intentions. Efforts to promote awareness, reduce barriers, and improve access to screening services are essential for enhancing breast cancer detection and prevention within this population.

Perceptions and knowledge of ecosystem services in urban river systems, Eastern Cape, South Africa

The ecosystem services concept has been studied in rural contexts but not as much in urban landscapes, particularly for aquatic ecosystems in Africa. There is little knowledge of how people perceive ecosystem services (ES) supplied by rivers in urban centres and the factors influencing their perceptions. To fill this gap, the research presented here addresses two objectives: 1) to assess local communities’ perception and knowledge of different types of ecosystem services of an urban river in South Africa, 2) to assess the influence of particular demographic characteristics (age and gender), socio-economic characteristics (education, housing type, income, and years of residence), and prior knowledge of the ecosystem services concept on people’s perception of the ecosystem services provided by the Swartkops River in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. To address these objectives, a team of ten trained field staff collected 181 surveys between May–June 2021 in communities within the river catchment. We used multinomial logit models to analyse the relationships between demographic and socio-economic variables, and people’s perception of ecosystem services. For the majority of the ecosystem services, there was almost an equal split between the perception “sometimes” and “never” that the river provides a particular ecosystem service, and people were less likely to say that the river always provide a particular service. Prior knowledge of the ecosystem services concept, years of residence, age, income and housing type significantly influence people’s perception of ecosystem services. Prior knowledge, was important for the intangible services, whereas years of residence was more important for tangible services with direct use value. Level of formal education was not a significant variable. An important implication of this study is that ecological interventions can be designed through an understanding of factors influencing people’s perceptions of ecosystem services.

Influencing Factors and Coping Strategies of Women's Fertility Intention under the Guidance of China's Development Policy

With the rapid development of China's social economy, people's living standards continue to improve. However, the willingness to have children has shown a downward trend, and the fertility rate has also declined. This phenomenon has attracted widespread attention from all sectors of society. This study aims to conduct an in-depth analysis of the influencing factors of women's fertility intentions under policy guidance. A questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate and analyze the current influencing factors of women's fertility intentions. Research has shown that policy orientation significantly affects women's reproductive decisions. Individual factors such as age, education level, and occupation, as well as family factors such as family income and place of residence, are closely related to fertility intentions. The dissemination channels of the fertility policy affect women's understanding of the policy, which in turn affects fertility decision-making. Obstacles in career development also affect women's consideration of childbirth. The social environment, especially family support, has a significant impact on women's reproductive decisions. Meanwhile, the balance between family and career is also an important factor affecting women's willingness to have children. Based on this, this article suggests further optimization and adjustment of the current fertility policy, such as improving maternity leave benefits, introducing flexible work arrangements, providing career development support, supporting fertility assistance services, and breaking workplace discrimination, to better meet the diverse fertility needs of women and promote sustainable social development.

Research on Promoting Entrepreneurship among Returning Migrant Workers

To encourage migrant workers to return to their hometowns for entrepreneurship, the Guangxi government has formulated a series of supportive policies under the guidance of national policies. Understanding the direction for policy improvement requires exploring what migrant workers truly want and what concerns they have. This paper first establishes an index system based on eight dimensions including subjective attitudes, physiological motivations, and social motivations through the construction of a Random Forest model, analyzing the importance of various factors affecting the willingness of migrant workers to return home for entrepreneurship. The study found that the factor "influence from peer groups or media reports" has a significant impact on their willingness. Secondly, using the AMIRA model to predict the per capita disposable income of rural residents in Guangxi for the next seven years, it was found that their income is on an upward trend, which is conducive to enhancing the willingness of migrant workers to return home for entrepreneurship. Lastly, based on the research, countermeasures and suggestions are proposed from the perspectives of the government, market, and society to promote entrepreneurship among returning migrant workers.

Association Between High Blood Pressure And Cardiovascular Disease In Iraq: A Review

One of the most common ailments is hypertension, or high blood pressure. Many say this disease concerns them because it causes heart attack and stroke, which kill millions around the world each year. In recent years, the number of hypertension patients has been growing at an alarming rate. Humans with Hypertinsure about 1 billion The developing countries are particularly hard-hit What is more worrying than increasing numbers that have already skyrocketed--it's LMICC soaring These countries have also been especially hard hit by the burden of hypertension due to various socioeconomic aspects including income, wealth, employment status and place of residence. [1] Hypertension with its 41.5 incidence rate for every 1000 people is a big concern in Iraq. It is no different for children, obesity, poor dietary choices and lack of physical activity are all also associated with increasing risk of hypertension. Their experience makes clear how important it is to get hypertension under control and take measures prematurely.

Comparison of Early Marriage Age in Bangladesh, Ghana, Iraq and Indonesia

Early marriage is marriage before the age of 18 for either boys or girls. Early marriage can be influenced by customs, beliefs and religion. Customs in some areas lead to girls marrying much older men and have occurred in parts of Indonesia, especially in rural and inland areas. This study aims to examine the socio-cultural factors that drive the incidence of early marriage. The main methods in this research are qualitative ethnography and Narrative review. From the literature review research analyzed, there are several factors that influence early marriage, namely knowledge, education, socio-culture, income, economy, social norms, parents, gender, ethnicity, age, menarche, attitudes, media exposure, premarital pregnancy, family members, religion, adulthood phenomena, employment, peer influence, poverty, parental role, stigma, region and place of residence. This can be used as a reference for midwives in providing services by searching the literature through PubMed, NCBI, and Semantic Scholar. Of the several factors that influence early marriage, studies conducted in Bangladesh, Ghana, Iraq, Indonesia and other countries show that early marriage is still a major problem for the welfare of women from these four countries. Measures that can help address the problem of early marriage include improving access and quality of education, changing social norms that support early marriage, and empowering women to make decisions.

Spatial distribution, influencing factors and innovative development countermeasures of farmer cooperatives in Hunan Province, China

China’s rural reform is reliant on farmers' cooperatives as a key organization vehicle. It plays an important role in promoting rural revitalization. Such as, realizing the organic connection between small farmers and agricultural modernization. This study used the nearest neighbor index and kernel density estimation to analyze the spatial distribution and structural characteristics of farmer cooperatives in Hunan Province. It revealed the spatial differentiation law of cooperatives. Also using geographical detectors to figure out the main factors that affect the spatial distribution. The results show that: ① Hunan Farmers Cooperatives show significant spatial agglomeration. The overall spatial distribution shows the spatial characteristics of "one core, one circle, and multiple points". And the spatial distribution pattern of "large agglomeration, finger-shaped radiation distribution". Among them, the distribution of provincial demonstration cooperatives is relatively balanced. ② Cooperatives in six types of industries, such as planting, forestry, and feeding, showed agglomeration distribution. Different industrial cooperatives spread out in different ways, such as in an anti-"L" shape, a dual-core shape, or a one-center area. ③ The 24 influence factors selected from the five dimensions of the natural environment, social economic basis, production basis, output capacity, and facility basis have high, general, and weak influence on cooperatives' spatial distribution. The development and distribution of cooperatives mainly depend on resource endowment, social and economic development level, and market dependence. The spatial distribution heterogeneity of different professional cooperatives is mainly affected by slope, per capita disposable income of rural residents, road density, and other factors. ④ The progression of farmer cooperatives in Hunan Province should prioritize high-quality development, emphasizing the need for innovative approaches and transformative strategies within rural industrial organizations. It is imperative to optimize the spatial distribution of cooperatives, strategically contributing to the establishment of a novel framework for modern agricultural development in Hunan Province. Additionally, there is a critical emphasis on spearheading collaborative initiatives among cooperatives of varied industrial types, aimed at fostering the integrated development of rural primary, secondary, and tertiary industries.

The Associations between Parity, Family Income, Residence, and Abortion Incidence: A Meta-Analysis

Background: Abortion is a complex and controversial issue found across the country. The decision to terminate a pregnancy involves many aspects in terms of medical, ethical, moral, religious, social, economic, and legal. Understanding the factors that influence the incidence of abortion is critical to developing strategies to effectively address this issue. This study aims to analyze and estimate the magnitude of the effects of parity, family income, and residence with the incidence of abortion. Subjects and Method: Systematic review and meta-analysis studies were conducted according to the PRISMA flowchart and PICO model. Population: women of childbearing age. Intervention: multipara, high income, and urban residence. Comparison: primapara, low income, and rural residence. Outcome: The incidence of abortion. The basic data used involved Google Scholar, PubMed, BMC, Elsivier, ScienceDirect, and Springer Link. The inclusion criteria are full-text articles with observational study design using multivariate analysis that attaches aOR values and is published from 2014-2023. Data analysis using Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: Ten case control studies and nine cross-sectional studies from the Americas, Africa, and Asia were selected for the meta-analysis. Multiparous (aOR= 1.12; CI 95%= 0.54 to 2.34; p= 0.750), high family income (aOR= 0.55; CI 95%= 0.22 to 1.34; p= 0.190), and urban dwellings (aOR= 1.17; CI 95%= 0.88 to 1.55; p = 0.270) increases the risk of abortion in women of childbearing age, but is not statistically significant. Conclusion: Multipara, high family incomes, and urban residences increase the risk of the likelihood of having an abortion in women of childbearing age, but are not statistically significant.

Rural tourism: Nurturing prosperity and community resilience

Rural tourism entails visiting rural regions for leisure, recreation and cultural immersion. It is valued for its potential to generate economic opportunities, preserve cultural heritage and conserve natural resources while empowering local communities. It offers potential for economic development by creating employment opportunities and generating income for rural residents through various tourism-related activities. This paper investigates the benefits to local communities of rural tourism development through a comprehensive review and insights from community stakeholders. The research was based on existing literature and employed a survey using a structured questionnaire and rigorous data analysis techniques. The survey included three well-known villages for their tourism experiences in the Korça region located in the southeastern part of Albania. The primary research targeted 200 members of the local communities aiming to analyze their perceptions of the benefits that rural tourism brings to their communities both in terms of income generation and socio-economic benefits. The study revealed that rural tourism has positively contributed to the economic development of these communities through revenue growth, the generation of employment and self-employment opportunities as well as the improvement of infrastructure through the lens of community perspectives. Rural tourism holds considerable promise for advancing sustainable development by offering economic, social and environmental benefits to rural regions. However, careful planning, community involvement and adherence to sustainable tourism principles are required.

Duration of risk reduction in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality after a complete colonoscopy in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study

Colorectal cancer guidelines recommend screening colonoscopy every 10 years after a negative procedure. If risk reduction extends past 10 years, the recommended interval could be extended, reducing the burden on the individual and health-care system. We aimed to estimate the duration that patients remain at reduced risk of colorectal cancer incidence and mortality after a complete colonoscopy. We did a population-based cohort study of individuals aged 50-65 years between Jan 1, 1994, to Dec 31, 2017. We excluded individuals with previous exposure to colonoscopy or colorectal surgery, those previously diagnosed with colorectal cancer, or a history of hereditary or other bowel disorders. We followed up participants until Dec 31, 2018, and identified all colonoscopies performed in this time period. We used a 9-level time-varying measure of exposure, capturing time since last complete colonoscopy (no complete colonoscopy, ≤5 years, >5-10 years, >10-15 years, and >15 years) and whether an intervention was performed (biopsy or polypectomy). A Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusting for age, sex, comorbidity, residential income quintile, and immigration status was used to estimate the association between exposure to a complete colonoscopy and colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. 5 298 033 individuals (2 609 060 [49·2%] female and 2 688 973 [50·8%] male; no data on ethnicity were available) were included in the cohort, with a median follow-up of 12·56 years (IQR 6·26-20·13). 90 532 (1·7%) individuals were diagnosed with colorectal cancer and 44 088 (0·8%) died from colorectal cancer. Compared with those who did not have a colonoscopy, the risk of colorectal cancer in those who had a complete negative colonoscopy was reduced at all timepoints, including when the procedure occurred more than 15 years earlier (hazard ratio [HR] 0·62 [95% CI 0·51-0·77] for female individuals and 0·57 [0·46-0·70] for male individuals. A similar finding was observed for colorectal cancer mortality, with lower risk at all timepoints, including when the procedure occurred more than 15 years earlier (HR 0·64 [95% CI 0·49-0·83] for female participants and 0·65 [0·50-0·83] for male participants). Those who had a colonoscopy with intervention had a significantly lower colorectal cancer incidence than those who did not undergo colonoscopy if the procedure occurred within 10 years for females (HR 0·70 [95% CI 0·63-0·77]) and up to 15 years for males (0·62 [(0·53-0·72]). Compared with those who do not receive colonoscopy, individuals who have a negative colonoscopy result remain at lower risk for colorectal cancer incidence and mortality more than 15 years after the procedure. The current recommendation of repeat screening at 10 years in these individuals should be reassessed. Canadian Institutes of Health Research.

E-commerce development, poverty reduction and income growth in rural China

PurposeThis research examines the impact of the National Rural E-commerce Comprehensive Demonstration Project (NRECDP) on poverty reduction and income growth in rural China.Design/methodology/approachThe study develops a theoretical framework, which considers the role of geographical, technological, institutional and cultural factors for the e-commerce poverty alleviation (e-CPA) model. Empirically, this study applies the difference-in-differences (DID) model and the event study approach to evaluate the effectiveness of NRECDP on the basis of large-scale county-level and household-level panel data spanning 2010 to 2020.FindingsThe study found that the NRECDP, as a government-led, information and communication technology (ICT)-enabled, market-based program, has led to a significant increase in per capita output of primary industry employees, as well as in the disposable income of rural residents, especially those in national-level poverty-stricken (NP) counties. The interventions of the NRECDP achieved these positive outcomes through transportation and Internet infrastructure improvement, ICT adoption and human capital accumulation in impoverished towns and villages in remote rural areas. These effects are larger in the eastern region of China, followed by the central region, whereas the weakest effects were found in the western region. However, we found little evidence of the NRECDP increasing household developmental expenditure.Research limitations/implicationsThe study findings have important practical and policy implications for rural e-commerce development and self-sustained poverty alleviation solutions. The research revealed the significance of government NRECDP interventions for increasing rural income, reducing living costs, and empowering the rural population in its multiple social roles, namely, as consumers, producers, employees and microentrepreneurs. The local cultural context may also play a role in ICT adoption and entrepreneurship cultivation with a downstream effect on the effectiveness of e-CPA practices. Policymakers would need to ensure a supportive entrepreneur-friendly environment for rural e-commerce development and continue implementing progressive policies for poverty alleviation.Originality/valueThis study explores poverty alleviation issues in China by developing for the first time a multi-faceted framework that is subsequently tested by both county-level and household-level large-scale observations. Also, it is the first study to provide nationwide empirical evidence on the effectiveness of e-CPA in narrowing down the spatial and digital divides in China. In addition to the impact of geography, technology and governmental support, this study also sheds light on the role of culture in the adoption and diffusion of digital technologies and as a source of local entrepreneurial opportunities.

Factors associated with the use of annual health checkups in Thailand: evidence from a national cross-sectional health and welfare survey.

Thailand has provided free annual health checkups (AHC) since universal health coverage began in 2002. However, evidence regarding the equitable use of AHC is scarce. Thus, this study explored factors associated with the use of AHC in Thailand. A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the national 2015 Health and Welfare Survey. Respondents aged 15 years or above (n = 57,343) were selected as the study sample. Descriptive statistical analysis and multivariable binary logistic regression were conducted to examine the association between the use of AHC and factors selected on the basis on Andersen's Behavioral Model of Access to Medical Care. Among the study sample, approximately 4.9% (n = 2,815) had used AHC during the past year. Regarding predisposing factors, the use of AHC was positively related to age (e.g., over 61 vs. 15-30: AOR = 2.90 [95% CI = 2.40-3.52], p < 0.001) and female sex (AOR = 1.23 [95% CI = 1.12-1.35] p < 0.001). For enabling factors, the AHC use was positively associated with income (e.g., Q4 vs. Q1: AOR = 1.98 [95% CI = 1.75-2.25], p < 0.001), education (e.g., high vs. low: AOR = 3.11 [95% CI = 2.75-3.51], p < 0.001), being married (e.g., vs. single: AOR = 1.27 [95% CI = 1.11-1.46], p < 0.001), and urban residency (AOR = 1.12 [95% CI = 1.04-1.22], p = 0.006). For need-for-care factors, the AHC use was positively related to chronic disease (AOR = 1.26 [95% CI = 1.15-1.38], p < 0.001), non-smoking (e.g., vs. daily: AOR = 1.18 [95% CI = 1.03-1.36], p = 0.015), non-drinking (e.g., vs. 3-4 times per week: AOR = 1.26 [95% CI = 1.04-1.53], p = 0.016), and vegetable consumption (e.g., over 5 ladles vs. below 1 ladle: AOR = 1.86 [95% CI = 1.50-2.31], p < 0.001). The results indicate that health awareness could play a significant role in the use of AHC. Individuals with high socioeconomic status (e.g., high-income people) and those with low-risk health behaviors (e.g., non-smokers) generally have a high interest in health and well-being. This may have been the primary reason for the high use of AHC among these groups. Thus, the government should continue to promote the public's health awareness through various public campaigns and education programs to increase the use of AHC.

Study on the effect of county e-commerce development on rural residents' income growth

Against the background of rural revitalization and the development of county-level e-commerce industry, based on the data of Caoxian County of Heze, Shandong Province from 2017 to 2021, this paper studies the promotion effect of county-level e-commerce industry development on urban and rural residents' income through grey relative correlation analysis. The results show that the impact of the development of county e-commerce industry on the operational income of urban and rural residents is similar, and the impact on the operational income of rural residents is partly greater than that of urban residents, and the effect is not obvious. The influence of the development of county e-commerce industry on the wage income of rural residents is greater than that on the wage income of urban residents.

Health literacy in patients with gout: A latent profile analysis

Objectives Understanding the health literacy status of patients with gout diagnosis is essential for improving the health of this population. Our study aimed to investigate the latent profiles of health literacy in patients with gout and to analyze differences in characteristics across potential profiles. Methods This was a cross-sectional study. Eligible participants attended the Shandong Gout Medical Center, from March 2023 to May 2023 and self-reported gout diagnosis. We used the Health Literacy Scale for Patients with Gout designed and validated by our team. The scale had good reliability and validity among patients with gout. 243 patients completed the Demographic Information Questionnaire and the Health Literacy Scale for Patients with Gout. We used latent profile analysis to identify the latent profiles of gout patients’ health literacy. We used Chi-square tests with Bonferroni correction to analyze differences in demographics and illness characteristics across identified profiles. Results Three profiles of patients with gout emerged (prevalence): the low literacy-low critical group (21.81%), the moderate literacy group (42.79%), and the high literacy-stable group (35.39%). The three groups differed in age, education level, monthly income, disease duration, and place of residence (P&lt;0.01). Conclusions The health literacy of patients with gout was heterogeneous. Healthcare professionals should adopt targeted interventions based on the characteristics of each latent health literacy profile to improve the health literacy level of patients with gout.

Impacts of land use and cover changes on ecosystem service values from 1992 to 2052 in Gena District, Southwest Ethiopia

Land use and cover changes alter the functions and structures of ecosystem, resulting in variations in Ecosystem Service Values (ESVs). Thus, we examined the impacts of land use/land cover (LULC) changes on ESVs from 1992 to 2052 using geospatial technologies. The Landsat images were classified using the supervised maximum likelihood classification technique, and future changes in LULC were predicted using the CA-Markov model. Ecosystem Service Values coefficients were adopted from empirical studies and ESVs changes were evaluated based on the benefit transfer method using LULC data for the study periods, with their corresponding modified ESVs coefficients. The results revealed that, the proportions of grassland, forestland and shrubland declined by 58.5 %, 48.15 % and 33.48 %, respectively, from 1992 to 2022. Simultaneously, the highest rate of expansions of waterbodies (34 times), farmland and settlement threefold as well as bareland (60.2 %) from 1992 to 2022 was noticed. As a result, decreasing trends were experienced in the total ESVs of the district from US$33.6 million in 1992 to US$27.79 million in 2022, and are anticipated to further decline to US$25.94 million in 2052. The ESVs of forestland, shrubland and grassland shrank from 53.1 %, 40 % and 2.78 % in 1992 to 33.28 %, 33.16 % and 1.4 % in 2022 these changes are anticipated to continue for the next three decades, except trend for the increase in grassland ecosystem service value. Therefore, the government should redesign effective land management strategies to alleviate the negative consequences of LULC changes, facilitate payment for ecosystem services, and design ecotourism to boost the income of residents for major land use management-based production systems to increase the ESV in the district.