Family Income Research Articles

The social cost of student food insecurity at an Atlantic Canadian university: exploring the relationship between social support and psychological distress

ABSTRACT With escalating living expenses and tuition fees, food insescurity continues to moderate university student well-being and academic success. In the postsecondary food security literature, studies assessing distinctions among social support subtypes and how they might interact with mental health are absent. Therefore, the primary objectives of the current study were to characterise students classified as food insecure at an Atlantic Canadian university, compare their social support subtype and psychological distress levels with students classified as food secure, and determine whether/how these subtypes predict psychological distress. Using data from the 2023 National College Health Assessment (NCHA-III) survey (n = 1694), 46.6% were deemed food insecure based on the USDA ERS Food Security scale. A series of two-factor chi-square tests revealed that students classified as food insecure were more likely to be male, undergraduate, international, identify as Black or South Asian, and report lower family incomes and poorer grade point averages (GPAs). These students were also less likely to report campus belongingness, reciprocity, and wellness advocacy. Subsequent t-tests revealed that students classified as food insecure scored lower on each Social Provisions Scale subtype (‘attachment’, ‘guidance’, ‘reliable alliance’, ‘social integration’, and ‘reassurance of worth’), and higher in psychological distress. A hierarchical regression analysis revealed ‘reassurance of worth’ to be the lone, significant support subtype predicting lower psychological distress for students classified as food insecure, a finding which suggests that having one’s self-worth validated, affirmed, and fostered by others may help moderate psychological distress, perhaps by counteracting stigma and shame. The implications of this finding are considered.

Factors Affecting Stunting in Toddlers in the Working Area of the UPTD Puskesmas Deleng Pokhisen Aceh Tenggara

Background: Stuntingis a condition of failure to thrive in children under five years old (babies under five years) resulting from chronic malnutrition so that the child is too short for his age. Stunting has the potential to slow down brain development, with long-term impacts in the form of mental retardation, low learning ability, and the risk of developing chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity. The aim of this research is to determine and analyze the factors that influence stunting in toddlers in the UPTD Puskemas Deleng Pokhisen Aceh Tenggara. Research Method: This research uses quantitative methods with a cross sectional design and sampling using total sampling. The population and research sample were 210 respondents, namely mothers who had stunted toddlers. This research uses a questionnaire. The research time is June - July 2024. This research analysis uses Univariate, Bivariate and Multivariate. The statistical tests used are the chi-square test and logistic regression. Research Results: Research results regarding the influence of maternal height p value= 0.006, history of diarrheal disease p value= 0.049, family income p value= 0.003, diet p value= 0.001 with stunting in toddlers. Based on the results of the logistic regression test, the most influential variable was a history of diarrhea with an Exp(B) value of 2.769. Conclusion: The conclusion in this study is that there is an influence on maternal height, history of diarrhea, family income, and eating patterns on stunting among toddlers in the UPTD Puskemas Deleng Pokhisen Aceh Tenggara. In order to reduce the prevalence of stunting in toddlers, it is hoped that the Health Service, Community Health Centers, especially health workers, will collaborate to increase health promotion about stunting, the risk of diarrheal disease due to stunting, the benefits of family income and the importance of a good diet for toddlers.

Association of Perinatal Factors and Family Sociodemographic Characteristics With Cardiometabolic Health in Pre-Adolescence: Cross-Sectional Results From Healthy Growth Study.

Study the influence of a variety of perinatal factors on the presence of metabolic syndrome and its parameters in prepubertal age, considering socio-demographic factors, sex, Tanner stage and weight status of the preadolescent. Data collected from the cross-sectional Healthy Growth Study (2007) in students from four prefectures of Greece and their families. Cardiometabolic risk factors (waist circumference, blood pressure and blood indices) and perinatal data (from parents and health records) were collected. Single and a multiple logistic regression performed to assess the associations with cardiometabolic risk in preadolescence. Dependent variables included waist circumference, blood glucose, HDL-C, TG, blood pressure and metabolic syndrome presence, while independent variables encompassed perinatal factors categorised as pre-pregnancy, during and post-pregnancy. 2666 pre-adolescents (mean age 11.2 year) participated in the study. After adjustment for parental educational level, family income, sex, Tanner stage and weight category, maternal pre-pregnancy weight was positively associated with high waist circumference (OR, 95% CI 1.02 (1.00-1.04)), low HDL-C levels (OR, 95% CI 1.01 (1.00-1.03)) and metabolic syndrome (OR, 95% CI 1.02 (1.00-1.05)). Timing of solid foods' introduction was positively associated with high waist circumference (OR, 95% CI 1.09 (1.01-1.08)), gestational age with high glucose levels (OR, 95% CI 1.12 (1.04-1.19)), smoking (OR, 95% CI 1.07 (1.00-1.14)) and alcohol consumption (OR, 95% CI 2.35 (1.05-5.27)) during the first trimester of breastfeeding with high glucose levels and low HDL-C levels, respectively. Number of previous miscarriages was positively associated with low HDL-C levels (OR, 95% CI 1.28 (1.04-1.57)). Gestational age was negatively associated with high waist circumference (OR, 95% CI 0.87 (0.80-0.95)) and iron supplementation in the third pregnancy trimester negatively association with high TG levels (OR, 95% CI 0.34 (0.12-0.91)). Maternal weight, perinatal behaviours, infant feeding and miscarriages influence pre-pubertal cardiometabolic health, independent of sociodemographics, sex, Tanner stage and weight.

Factors associated with mental health disorders in undergraduate students: A meta-analysis

Mental health disorders are a significant issue, yet there is currently no consistent data regarding the factors that may contribute to their occurrence. The aim of this study was to identify the factors that may influence the occurrence of mental health disorders in the undergraduate student population. This meta-analysis, registered in PROSPERO, was conducted as of September 5, 2024. The systematic searches were conducted on three databases (Scopus, Embase, and PubMed). Data on factors related to the occurrence of mental health disorders in undergraduate students were collected to calculate pooled point estimates using the Mantel-Haenszel test. Out of 6,837 articles, 16 articles were included in the analysis. Our findings revealed that female students had a higher chance of experiencing mental health disorders compared to male students (OR: 1.43; 95%CI: 1.14–1.80; p-Egger of 0.1041; p-Heterogeneity of <0.0001; p=0.0020). The chance of having mental health disorders was also higher among single students compared to those in relationships (OR: 1.20; 95%CI: 1.02–1.43; p-Egger of 0.0535; p-Heterogeneity of 0.1130; p=0.0180). This study did not find any associations between age group, family income, smoking, living arrangements, years of study, or regularity of physical activity with the occurrence of mental health disorders. These findings could serve as a basis for improving policies aimed at reducing the rates of mental health disorders in undergraduate students.

Effective Treatment for Mental and Substance Use Disorders in 21 Countries

Accurate baseline information about the proportion of people with mental disorders who receive effective treatment is required to assess the success of treatment quality improvement initiatives. To examine the proportion of mental and substance use disorders receiving guideline-consistent treatment in multiple countries. In this cross-sectional study, World Mental Health (WMH) surveys were administered to representative adult (aged 18 years and older) household samples in 21 countries. Data were collected between 2001 and 2019 and analyzed between February and July 2024. Twelve-month prevalence and treatment of 9 DSM-IV anxiety, mood, and substance use disorders were assessed with the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Effective treatment and its components were estimated with cross-tabulations. Multilevel regression models were used to examine predictors. The main outcome was proportion of effective treatment received, defined at the disorder level using information about disorder severity and published treatment guidelines regarding adequate medication type, control, and adherence and adequate psychotherapy frequency. Intermediate outcomes included perceived need for treatment, treatment contact separately in the presence and absence of perceived need, and minimally adequate treatment given contact. Individual-level predictors (multivariable disorder profile, sex, age, education, family income, marital status, employment status, and health insurance) and country-level predictors (treatment resources, health care spending, human development indicators, stigma, and discrimination) were traced through intervening outcomes. Among the 56 927 respondents (69.3% weighted average response rate), 32 829 (57.7%) were female; the median (IQR) age was 43 (31-57) years. The proportion of 12-month person-disorders receiving effective treatment was 6.9% (SE, 0.3). Low perceived need (46.5%; SE, 0.6), low treatment contact given perceived need (34.1%; SE, 1.0), and low effective treatment given minimally adequate treatment (47.0%; SE, 1.7) were the major barriers, but with substantial variation across disorders. Country-level general medical treatment resources were more important than mental health treatment resources. Other than for the multivariable disorder profile, which was associated with all intermediate outcomes, significant predictors were largely mediated by treatment contact. In addition to the gaps in treatment quality, these results highlight the importance of increasing perceived need, the largest barrier to effective treatment; the importance of training primary care treatment clinicians in recognition and treatment of mental disorders; the need to improve the continuum of care, especially from minimally adequate to effective treatment; and the importance of bridging the effective treatment gap for men and people with lower education.

Factors Influencing Students’ Performance in University Mathematics Courses: A Structural Equation Modelling Approach

This study examined the predictive relationships between Grade 12 National Senior Certificate (NSC) Mathematics results (representing students’ academic preparation at the secondary school level), university mathematics credits (indicating students’ progress in mathematics-related university courses), gender, and socioeconomic status (SES, measured by school quintile and family income) on student performance in specific university mathematics courses. The endogenous construct, student performance in university mathematics courses, was assessed using final grades from three courses representing progressive levels of mathematical complexity. Previous research had often evaluated these factors in isolation, leaving gaps in understanding how they collectively influenced academic success in South African higher education. Participants were selected using stratified random sampling to ensure representation across diverse socioeconomic backgrounds and genders. Data collection relied on institutional records for NSC Mathematics results, university mathematics credits, and course grades. SES information was gathered using surveys capturing school quintile and family income data. Structural equation modelling (SEM), specifically the covariance-Based SEM approach, was employed to analyse these variables’ direct and indirect effects on student performance. The analysis was conducted using the lavaan package in R, enabling the simultaneous assessment of multiple variables and offering a comprehensive understanding of their interrelationships. Results indicated that NSC Mathematics results and university mathematics credits were significant predictors of student success. Additionally, gender and SES were found to moderate these relationships, with performance disparities observed. The findings emphasised the need for a multi-dimensional approach to predicting and supporting student success in university mathematics. Recommendations included the implementation of targeted interventions, such as academic assistance programmes and policy initiatives, to ensure that all students have equitable access to resources and opportunities.

The linkage of government assistance programs towards digital and financial well-being of small household income families in Urban Area: Lesson from COVID-19 pandemic

The COVID-19 pandemic and the Movement Control Order (MCO) have had a negative impact on the financial well-being and digital well-being of B40 or small household income families in urban areas. In responding to the crisis, the government had launched multiple assistance programs to assist the group. Hence, the study intends to examine the relationship of government assistance towards digital and financial well-being of the group. Utilizing survey, the study involved 417 respondents living at the Public Housing Project (PPR) residential areas in Kuala Lumpur—the capital of Malaysia. The data was analyzed using Smart PLS and the key findings were (1) government assistance programs significantly affect the digital well-being and financial well-being of B40 urban families. However, there is no significant relationship between financial well-being and digital well-being. Besides, the Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) indicated that the importance of government assistance programs towards digital well-being performance is higher than financial well-being. The assistance programs offered by the government plays essential role to ease the digital and financial constraints of B40 urban families during a difficult time. Reforms to the government assistance programs, the empowerment of digital aid packages, and the enhancement of social security net initiatives for B40 urban families are necessary to enhance the group’s preparedness and resilience in the face of new shocks in the future.

Covid-19 Vaccine Acceptance and its Influencing Factors Through a Cross-Sectional Study

Background: The rise in Covid-19 related deaths has led to the implementation of vaccination. Despite this effort, some of the population remains reluctant to get vaccinated, citing various reasons for their hesitation. The objective of this research was to examine the various factors affecting covid-19 vaccination acceptance. Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design and was conducted between October and December 2022. This study looked at various independent variables such as sex, education, occupation, family income, health insurance, social assistance, history of Covid-19 infection, and information from the health worker. The main variable of interest was vaccination acceptance. The research involved a group of 133 people. Research data is collected by sending surveys to participants while adhering to Covid-19 health guidelines. The research data was examined using chi square test and logistic regression. This study received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee at Palu Health Polytechnic, Ministry of Health in Indonesia number: 0089/KEPK-KPK/VI/2022. Results: Most of the individuals were involved in favor of accepting the Covid-19 vaccine, with a percentage of 83.5%, whereas only 16.5% declined it. Among the different factors considered, age was found to be the most significant in determining vaccine acceptance compared to having social assistance and information from health workers. Conclusion: Vaccine acceptance varied by age, prioritizing older individuals due to their heightened vulnerability to the Covid-19 virus. It is crucial to further investigate how different factors such as socio-demographic characteristics, vaccine’ knowledge, and trust in the healthcare system interact with each other.

Control of Asthma and its Influencing Factors in Children Followed in Pneumo-pediatrics Consultation at the Mother-child Hospital in the City of Marrakech, Morocco

Introduction Evaluate asthma control and determine its influencing factors to ensure adequate management and improve the quality of life for asthmatic children. Method A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over a two-month period, from 02/11/2022 to 01/01/2023, at the pneumo-pediatric consultation at the MCH. The target population was asthmatic children aged 4 to 11 and their parents. The Arabic version of the C-ACT and PMAQ-3W were used to assess asthma control and medication compliance, respectively. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS, using descriptive and correlational analysis (bivariate and multivariate). Results 203 asthmatic children were included in the study, out of which 60.6% were male, with a mean age of 6 years. Asthma was uncontrolled in 53% of children. Factors associated with uncontrolled asthma were rural residence, low parental education, low monthly family income, lack of awareness of triggers, presence of conjunctivitis or allergic rhinitis, occurrence of respiratory infections, parental history of asthma, exposure to smoking, and non-compliance with treatment. Conclusion 53% of children had uncontrolled asthma. A range of predictive factors were significantly associated with suboptimal asthma control. Recommended actions to improve childhood asthma control include education on trigger prevention and medication compliance, treatment of comorbidities, and accessibility of care for all socio-economic classes.

Epidemiological and Geographical Factors Associated with Dengue in Bangladesh: A Multicenter Study of the 2023 Dengue Epidemic.

Bangladesh is a well-known epidemic zone for dengue fever. Several epidemiological and geographical factors influence the transmission and severity of dengue infection. This study aimed to determine the epidemiological and geographical factors that contributed to the severity of the dengue outbreak in Bangladesh in 2023. This hospital-based cross-sectional study investigated 1,313 dengue patients admitted to public hospitals in Dhaka, Chattogram and Kishoreganj, Bangladesh, between July and December 2023. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the independent risk factors for severe dengue infection. The average age of respondents was 29.5 years, with individuals aged 20-40 accounting for 59.5%. Of the 1,313 dengue patients, 19.3% (254) were diagnosed with severe dengue infection. Patients with low monthly income and those lacking awareness of dengue's spread from clogged rooftop water were respectively 2.35 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.35; P <0.05; 95% CI: 1.08-5.07) and 2.23 (aOR 2.23; P <0.05; 95% CI: 1.20-4.14) times more likely to develop severe dengue. The dengue outbreak has become a serious public health issue in Bangladesh, with factors such as low family income and lack of awareness contributing to the development of severe cases. These findings provide valuable evidence for policymakers to guide and implement preventive measures and raise awareness.

Factors Influencing Stunting among Children in Pekanbaru City

Stunting is a chronic condition caused by prolonged nutritional deficiencies, leading to impaired growth and development in children. This study examines the factors influencing stunting among children in Pekanbaru City, focusing on maternal age, age at first marriage, family income, maternal education level, and birth weight. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed, analyzing data from 77 respondents using multiple linear regression. The findings reveal that maternal education is the most significant factor affecting stunting. The results underscore the importance of maternal education in reducing stunting prevalence. This research contributes valuable insights for policymaking to address stunting issues.

Achieving Zero Poverty Goal in Bojonegoro Through the Welfare Sheep Program: Public Value Perspective

The main objectives of this study are to evaluate the public value of the Welfare Sheep Program in achieving zero poverty in Bojonegoro Regency. This program is one of the efforts made by the Government to improve the welfare of the poor as a form of responsibility and concern from the Government to reduce poverty rates. This study adopts a qualitative method with a case study approach. This type of research is qualitative descriptive. Data collection was carried out through observation, interview, and documentation techniques. The researcher applies Mark Moore's theory of public value, namely Legitimacy and Support, Operational Capability, and Substantial Value. The findings of the study show that the Welfare Sheep program has succeeded in increasing the income of beneficiary families in the form of increasing the number of sheep. However, the availability of quality feed is still the main obstacle to the program's sustainability because of sheep deaths. This happens because no technology can increase livestock productivity through feed. By using modern technology, the feed management process becomes faster, more effective, efficient, and can help meet the nutritional needs of sheep in real-time and allows farmers to produce more nutritious feed that is in accordance with the nutritional needs of sheep.

Level of Stress and Coping Strategies Adopted by Undergraduate Students Attending e-learning Classes: A Cross-sectional Study from Eastern India

Background COVID-19 has forced universities across India and the world indeed, to suspend physical classrooms and shift to online classes to contain the outbreak, which caused stress among students and usage of adaptive and maladaptive coping mechanisms. Early identification of faulty coping mechanisms will help to reduce stress and prevent unwanted behavioural modification among students. Aim This study aimed to assess the levels of stress and coping strategies adopted by undergraduate students attending e-learning classes. Materials and Methods An online cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate students of various disciplines (general degree, professional and others) from the Eastern part of India who were attending e-learning classes during the COVID-19 pandemic using a snowball sampling technique from July 2020 to June 2021. Level of stress associated with higher learning was assessed by Higher Education Stress Inventory scale (HESI) and coping strategies were assessed by the WHO Brief-COPE inventory. Results The mean age of the subjects was 21.63 ± 1.629 years. The mean score of the subjects for level of stress using HESI was 93.7 ± 11.35. The majority of the subjects had moderate stress (73%) related to e-learning followed by severe stress (27%). None of the participants had mild stress. Participants mostly used adaptive coping techniques to manage stress in both moderate and severe stress ( P &lt; .001). Level of stress and year of study and monthly family income of the subjects were found to have a significant difference in mean scores ( P = .003). Year of the study and age had significant associations with adaptive coping techniques. Active coping (adaptive technique) was used by female students more than male students ( P = .02). Conclusion An increased awareness of e-learning and the specific stressors that students face, will allow educational institutions to offer specific and tailored support to their students.

The Association Between Periodontal Status, Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Self-Rated Oral Health in Socially Underprivileged Adolescents.

To assess the associations between periodontal conditions, dental caries, sex, psychosocial factors, socioeconomic status, oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), and self-rated oral health among adolescents living in socially deprived neighbourhoods. A school-based survey was conducted in a random sample of 406 12-year-old adolescents in 11 neighbourhoods in the East region of Manaus, Brazil. Gingival status, dental calculus (Community Periodontal Index), and dental caries (DMFT index) were registered through clinical examinations. Adolescents self-completed questionnaires to assess psychosocial factors (self-esteem, sense of coherence, and oral health beliefs), socioeconomic status (family income, parent's schooling, number of goods, and house crowding), oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) (CPQ11-14), and self-rated oral health. Direct and indirect relationships between variables were tested using structural equation modelling guided by the Wilson and Cleary model. Greater gingival bleeding was directly associated with worse self-rated oral health. Poor OHRQoL was directly linked to the number of teeth with dental calculus, more teeth with dental caries experience, and worse psychosocial factors. Worse socioeconomic status and dental calculus were associated with gingival bleeding. Dental calculus and socioeconomic status were indirectly associated with self-rated oral health via gingival status. OHRQoL mediated the association of dental caries experience and psychosocial factors with self-rated oral health. Gingival bleeding and dental calculus may negatively affect self-reported oral health in adolescents. Socioeconomic status and psychosocial factors were also relevant determinants for oral health in this age group.

Disparity in Resource Utilization of motion-sparing Anterior Cervical Spine Surgery: An analysis of NSQIP® and PearlDiver® Database.

Widespread racial, gender-related, socioeconomic and insurance-related disparities have been widely implicated in the utilization of new and improved surgical techniques including various aspects spinal surgery. A comprehensive analysis of such disparities is lacking for motion-preserving techniques in cervical spine surgery. To explore the disparities in resource utilization of motion-sparing technology in cervical spine surgery. Retrospective Review of large database PATIENT SAMPLE: NSQIP® database from 2010-2021 and PearlDiver® database from 2010-2022 were queried. CPT codes for cervical disc arthroplasty (CDA), and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) were utilized to isolate the case records (Table 1 and 3). Pre-operative clinical, racial, and gender data were investigated utilizing NSQIP®. PearlDiver® was used for area-level family income, education, insurance status and unemployment. Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis and logistic regression were used for univariable categorical, continuous and multivariable analyses, respectively. A total of 5,912 and 32,625 CDA cases and 69,701 and 526,851 ACDF cases were isolated from NSQIP® and PearlDiver®, respectively. 'Younger' age, 'Asian Pacific Islander' race and elective surgery (p<0.001), were associated with undergoing CDA in NSQIP® database. Presence of Type 1 diabetes, smoking and hypertension (HTN) (p<0.001) were associated with undergoing ACDF in NSQIP®. PearlDiver® database showed 'Younger' age, higher area-level 'Family Income', and a higher mean percent of patients with 'private health insurance' (p<0.001) were associated with undergoing CDA. Higher area level unemployment was associated with ACDF. Wide spread racial, gender-related, and socioeconomic disparities have been observed. Identification of these disparities is sentinel for implication of change in health-care policy mitigating issues such as underinsurance leading to establishment of health equity.

A longitudinal study of resilience and social function in patients with colorectal cancer and stomas.

To explore the dynamic changes, influencing factors, and relationships between resilience and social function in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and stomas at different postoperative stages, and to inform precise psychosocial rehabilitation interventions. A longitudinal study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in eastern China from January 2021 to June 2023. Patients completed a self-designed socio-demographic questionnaire one month post-surgery, and the Connor and Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and Social Dysfunction Screening Scale (SDSS) at 1, 3, and 5months post-surgery. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA, Spearman correlation, group-based trajectory modeling, and binary logistic regression. A total of 131 patients were included in the analysis. Resilience showed an initial increase followed by a decline, while social function consistently improved. A moderate negative correlation between social dysfunction and resilience was observed at all time points. Influencing factors for resilience and social function varied across different postoperative stages. Significant differences in resilience trajectories were observed based on education and family income. Resilience trajectories significantly impacted social function trajectories (OR 19.39, 95% CI 2.46-152.91, P<0.05). This study identifies distinct trajectories of resilience and social function in patients with colorectal cancer and stomas. Low resilience is linked to severe social function deficits. Stage-specific interventions are crucial to enhance social adaptation and improve overall quality of life. Tailored support is needed throughout recovery to address the unique challenges faced by these patients.

Social Media Addiction and Cognitive Behavioral Physical Activity Among Adolescent Girls: A Cross-Sectional Study.

To measure a multivariate analysis of social media addiction and cognitive-behavioral physical activity associated with several sociodemographic characteristics in adolescent girls. A cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of adolescent girls studying in a vocational high-school in the Middle-Black-Sea region in Türkiye (n = 333). A questionnaire, Social Media Addiction Scale-for-Adolescents (SMAS-A), and Cognitive-Behavioral Physical Activity Questionnaire (CBPAQ) were used to collect the data. The mean age was 15.35(SD=1.15), and 29.4% were the ninth-class students. Of the adolescent girls, 85.9% were social-media users, 59.8% used the internet 2-hours-or-more/daily, 67.9% declared themselves as moderately-active. The mean scores of the SMAS-A and the CBPAQ were 3.40 (SD=1.61) and 21.03(SD=7.64), respectively. There was a significantly-negative correlation between cognitive-behavioral physical activity and social-media addiction levels. The One-Way MANOVA results showed significant differences in the academic level, family income, mother education, and physical activity measurement application usage affected to cognitive-behavioral physical activity. Social media usage habit affected to the social media addiction level. Daily internet usage time and self-declared physical activity level were the mutually affected factors. School nurses should act to improve healthy social media usage habits to promote well-being and encourage the positive attitudes towards regular physical activity in this population.

Posttraumatic growth trajectories of couples with gynecological cancer: A longitudinal study.

We aimed to describe and compare posttraumatic growth (PTG) levels among gynecological cancer patients and spouses at various time points within one year of diagnosis, as well as to investigate the association, trajectory, and subgroup characteristics of their PTG. Couples in a longitudinal observational study filled out questionnaires within 1 month of gynecological cancer diagnosis, as well as 3, 6, and 12 months later. A growth mixture model (GMM) was utilized to explore PTG trajectories. Statistical analyses included Spearman rank correlation, chi-square test, nonparametric test, and post-hoc test. A significant positive correlation was found between the PTG scores of patients and spouses at different times (P<0.01), with the patients' scores being significantly higher (P<0.001). Within a year of diagnosis, patients' and their spouses' PTG showed an overall upward trend. The GMM identified three categories for patients' PTG trajectories: high stability (33.7%), decline (19.1%), and low growth (47.2%). Similarly, spouses' PTG trajectories fell into three categories: medium growth (42.8%), decline (8.6%), and low stability (48.6%). Subgroup analysis of patients and spouses with different PTG trajectories indicated significant differences concerning educational attainment, residence location, per capita monthly family income, payment method of patients' medical expenses, and subjective severity of patients' diseases (P<0.05). This study represents the inaugural effort to investigate the levels and correlations of PTG between gynecological cancer patients and their spouses from a longitudinal perspective. Furthermore, three distinct trajectories were identified for both partners. Patients and spouses exhibiting different PTG trajectories possess unique demographic and disease characteristics.

ColombiaTuitionSET: Labeled dataset for exploring socioeconomic status, career selection, and tuition fees at a Colombian public university.

This dataset examines the interplay between socioeconomic status and educational outcomes among students at the Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Collected from publicly available data in collaboration with the National Directorate of Information, the dataset includes anonymized records of 3361 students from multiple university campuses during the first semester of 2021. It captures a diverse array of socioeconomic and academic variables, such as family income, residence type, tuition fee, and career choice, providing a unique basis for studying educational access in Colombia. Following authorization from the National Directorate of Information, the dataset underwent a rigorous anonymization and validation process, ensuring data integrity and reproducibility. The data was systematically cleaned and organized to highlight key demographic and socioeconomic variables relevant to student accessibility, persistence, and financial sustainability in higher education. With its detailed structure, this dataset is a valuable resource for policymakers and researchers focused on reducing educational inequalities. It supports analyses that reveal how socioeconomic conditions impact educational pathways, enabling the design of targeted interventions to enhance equity in university access and retention. This dataset contributes significantly to the understanding of educational challenges in Colombian public universities, providing a comprehensive basis for the investigation of the socioeconomic factors that influence students' access to and success in higher education.

Adolescent Social Media Use and Mental Health in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes Study.

Research on adolescent social media use focuses on negative mental health outcomes, with less attention on potential positive outcomes. The current study addresses this limitation by investigating associations between adolescent social media use and both psychological well-being and psychopathology. Three US-based pediatric cohort sites participating in the National Institutes of Health Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes study contributed cross-sectional survey data. Adolescents (13-18years) self-reported the time spent and type of (active, passive) social media use, and their psychological well-being (Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System [PROMIS] Life Satisfaction and Meaning and Purpose), psychopathology (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire and PROMIS Depressive Symptoms), and peer relationship quality (PROMIS Peer Relationships). We estimated associations between social media use and 4 mental health groups aligned to the dual factor model of mental health (high well-being/low psychopathology; high well-being/high psychopathology; low well-being/low psychopathology; low well-being/high psychopathology), and tested interactions with peer relationships. Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, and family income. Participants (N= 963) were sociodemographically diverse (22% income ≤130% federal poverty level; 42% adolescents of color). Elastic net regressions revealed more hours using social media increased the probability of being in the high psychopathology/low well-being group; adolescents with poor peer relationships spending ≥7hours/day on social media had the greatest risk of poor mental health. Positive peer relationships were the strongest predictor of positive mental health. Peer relationships were the most meaningful contribution to adolescent mental health, and quality of social media use had little influence.