Income Distribution Gap Research Articles

Dampak Tax Amnesty Terhadap Pelaku UMKM di Kabupaten Sidoarjo

This study aims to 1) To analyze interpretively the impact of the implementation of tax amnesty on MSMEs in Sidoarjo district. 2) To analyze and follow up the monitoring and evaluation model of the Tax Amnesty against MSME Actors in Sidoarjo Regency. The research subjects were MSME actors who performed Amnesty Taxes. The technique of collecting data uses In Depth Interview, Literature Study, Documentation. The technique of analyzing data uses qualitative data which is demonstrated by Focus Group Discussion (FGD). From the results of the study there are (1) negative impacts obtained: (a) weakening tax administration and reducing state revenues, (b) increasingly widening the income distribution gap, (c) creating social and racial jealousy, (d) the perception that Indonesia is a failed country because unable to enforce the rule of law in his own country. Whereas Dapak is positively obtained (a) Increasing state income, (b) Giving birth to new tax objects, (c) Secrets of taxpayers participating in the tax amnesty guaranteed security, (d) Increasing the growth of the property industry in the country, (e) Tax elimination that should be owed (f) Improve taxpayer compliance. (2) there are still many MSME actors in Sidoarjo who do not carry out Tax Amnesy because the public is afraid that in relation to the reduced profits (3) there is a lack of socialization and simulation of tax amnesty carried out by the government.

The Impacts of Fiscal Decentralization, Institutional Transformation, and Regional Revenue on Income Disparities between Provinces in Indonesia

This study aims to determine the impacts of fiscal decentralization, institutional transformation, and regional revenue to the income disparity among the provinces in Indonesia. This study uses panel data with the number of runs 528 pieces of data that includes 33 provinces in Indonesia period 2000-2015. The data were taken from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and Bank Indonesia. They were analyzed using a multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that tax revenue sharing fund and natural resources revenue sharing fund impact positive and significant on the income disparity among the provinces in Indonesia, while the general allocation fund, special allocation fund, institutional transformation, and the local revenue do not significantly affect the income disparity among the provinces in Indonesia. Tax and natural resources revenue sharing fund are actually exacerbating the gap of income distribution among regions in Indonesia. The implication of this study is that the government needs to review the allocation mechanism of General Allocation Fund, Special Allocation Fund, Tax Revenue Sharing Fund and Natural Resources Revenue Sharing Fund in order to serve as an instrument of fiscal capacity equalization of each region as well income distribution equalization among regions in Indonesia. The local government needs to continue improving the local revenue through the optimization of local tax revenue, regional retribution, profits of Regional Owned Enterprises, and other legitimate acceptances.

赣州市居民可支配收入差距研究—基于结构差异与县域差异视角

赣州市居民可支配收入差距研究—基于结构差异与县域差异视角

Effect of Financial Inclusion on Income Inequality: Evidence from Cross-Country Analysis

The objective of this paper is to examine the effect of financial inclusion on income inequality. We use the World Bank’s Global Financial Inclusion database to build our own financial inclusion index and its two components. The estimation of financial inclusion on income inequality for 69 countries indicates that higher inclusive finance associates with lower income inequality. We also find the non-monotonic relationship between financial market size and income distribution for both developed and developing countries. Therefore, one country can narrow income distribution gap by promoting financial inclusion while avoiding the risks of increasing the financial market size. We found the Kunezts’ hyphothesis in case of developing countries while the relationship between income and inequality in developed countries is an U-shape. It confirms the situation of many rich countries where income inequality has risen after recent global financial crisis.

Gini Coefficient for Voltage Security Assessment of Multi-stage Transmission Expansion Planning

Due to the voltage security uncertainty caused by construction sequence in multi-stage transmission expansion planning (MTEP) in bulk power grids, it is necessary to appropriately arrange the construction sequence of the MTEP schemes to reduce voltage security risk. The Gini coefficient is widely used to weigh the gap of residents' income distribution. In this paper, the voltage security Gini coefficient is defined as the voltage security risk index of the MTEP scheme, and is presented to quantitatively evaluate the entire voltage security of one MTEP scheme. Voltage security evaluation model of the MTEP is established based on voltage security Gini coefficient. Compared to the stabilization cost, the proposed model directly reflects the voltage security of the MTEP scheme, and the local optimum is avoided. The presented method is applied on the IEEE 118-bus 54-generator test system. Results show the validity and effectiveness of the proposed model.

Nature and Dynamics of Inequalities in Ghana

This article analyzes forms, structure, drivers and implications of inequalities in Ghana; examines its political economy and suggests remedial policy options and challenges. Regarding economic inequalities, it shows that despite a general reduction in the incidence of income poverty, its depth has increased: with a wider income distribution gap between the poorest and richest households; marked disparities between the well-endowed South and the impoverished North; and a gendered bias in the distribution of wealth assets. Overall, the non-diversified nature of Ghana’s recent rapid growth has not boosted employment or reduced inequalities.

Anti-Poverty Experience of Brazil and Its Enlightenment for China

Both China and Brazil are among the developing countries. There is some similarity on poverty in less developed countries, especially in the city poverty issue. To resolve the city poverty problem, we should decrease the gap of income distribution, increase the income of middle-class, protect the legal profit of rural floating population and ensure their equal treatment with the urban residents and set up the perfect guarantee system.

The Empirical Analysis of the Impacts of Income Distribution Gap on Consumption Demand: Based on the Statistic Data of Chinese Urban Residents in 2000–2010

This paper analyzes the impact of income distribution gap on consumption demand from a theoretical view, and draws the conclusion that there is an inverse relationship between income distribution gap and consumption demand. Then, the paper finds that the existing widening income distribution gap in China has a negative impact on consumption demand, but this is not the key factor for the insufficient consumption demand because of the low level of per capital income. At last, it suggests that governments should improve the income level of entire residents and adjust in- come distribution structure simultaneously.

Institutional causes for the slowing transition, unemployment and unequal distribution

Usually 65%–80% of the employment can be taken by small-and-medium-sized enterprises in a country. The more small-and-medium-sized enterprises are active in the economy, the higher proportion of the middle income classes in the population, and the lower proportion of the poor people caused by unemployment and under-employment. Therefore, without changing the policy inclination to support gigantic or large companies we cannot solve the problem of surplus on labor force, urban unemployment and gap of income distribution. Now we may face the danger of developing into “the Latin-America trap”. At present we should focus on institutional reform of the government and promote the development of small-and-medium-sized enterprises.

"It Can't Happen Here": A Post-Khomeini Look at Indonesia Islam

Research Article| March 01 1980 "It Can't Happen Here": A Post-Khomeini Look at Indonesia Islam Sidney R. Jones Sidney R. Jones Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Far Eastern Survey (1951) 20 (3): 311–323. https://doi.org/10.2307/2643747 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Sidney R. Jones; "It Can't Happen Here": A Post-Khomeini Look at Indonesia Islam. Far Eastern Survey 7 February 1951; 20 (3): 311–323. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2643747 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAsian Survey Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1980 The Regents of the University of California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.