Inclusion-exclusion Research Articles

Study on the influence of balloon dilation mode on the intravertebral cleft of osteoporotic fracture

BackgroundIntravertebral cleft is common in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture, and the bone sclerosis around the fissure brings difficulties to the surgical treatment. It is not known whether the balloon dilatation mode of percutaneous kyphoplasty affects the distribution of bone cement in the fracture vertebral body and further affects the surgical effect. The purpose of this study was to discuss the effect of balloon dilatation mode on percutaneous kyphoplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures with intravertebral cleft.MethodsAccording to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, a retrospective analysis of patients with osteoporotic vertebral fracture combined with intravertebral cleft treated by percutaneous kyphoplasty in our hospital was conducted. All patients were divided into two groups based on way of balloon dilation. The mode of balloon dilatation, imaging changes of vertebral body, VAS score, ODI score, bone cement distribution and postoperative complications were analyzed.ResultsA total of 96 patients with osteoporotic vertebral fracture combined with intravertebral cleft were included in the study, including 51 patients treated with single balloon bilateral alternating dilatation technique and 45 patients treated with double balloon bilateral dilatation technique. The vertebral height, Cobb’s angle of kyphosis, VAS score and ODI score were significantly improved in both groups after operation (P < 0.05). The postoperative vertebral height and Cobb’s angle of kyphosis in the double balloon bilateral dilatation group were better than those in single balloon bilateral alternating dilatation group (P < 0.05). The distribution of bone cement in the single balloon bilateral alternating dilatation group was more inclined to insert filling, while the double balloon bilateral dilatation group was more inclined to fissure filling. The VAS score and ODI score at the final follow-up in the single balloon bilateral alternating dilatation group were lower than those in the double balloon bilateral dilatation group (P < 0.05).ConclusionDouble balloon bilateral dilatation technique can better restore the injured vertebral height in patients with osteoporotic vertebral fracture combined with intravertebral cleft. However, the distribution of injured vertebral cement in patients with single balloon bilateral alternating dilatation technique is more likely to be inserted and filled, and the long-term analgesia and lumbar function of patients are better.

Comparison of Kegel Exercises and Stabilization Exercises for Urinary Incontinence in Postpartum Females

Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) is the spontaneous urine loss upon any effort or physical activity, or coughing or sneezing. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Kegel exercises and stabilization exercises on urinary incontinence along with the improvement in the strength of pelvic floor. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study in which purposive sampling was done from postpartum females from Physiotherapy OPDs of Government hospitals of Faisalabad after meeting inclusion exclusion criteria. Thirty females with urinary incontinence were assigned into two groups: Group A and Group B. Group A received Kegel exercises for 4 weeks and group B received stabilization exercises for 4 weeks. Data was analyzed by SPSS version 16. Paired T test was used for inter-group analysis and independent T test was used for intra-group analysis. Results: The study concluded that the incidence of stress urinary incontinence increases with age as 36.7% participants of the study were from 51-60 years of age group. This study also proved that both kegel exercise and stabilization exercise were beneficial in treating stress urinary incontinence and showed significant difference with a p value of 0.012. Conclusions: It showed that stabilization exercises are a better approach in treating stress urinary incontinence by showing greater mean value of 2.533 ± 1.187. In the end, kegel exercises are primary treatment of stress urinary incontinence but when doing them alone, they showed lesser improvement with a mean value of 1.533 ± 0.833.

Effectiveness of Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) in Comparison with Other Therapeutic Interventions in Treatment of Adult Stroke Patients: A Systematic Review

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of adult disability. Among the various therapeutic modalities used for improving upper extremity function post stroke, Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) is one of the most investigated interventions. Objectives: To review the available literature to find evidence for CIMT intervention in overcoming upper extremity impairment in adult stroke patients. Methods: A literature search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Google Scholar databases. Free full text articles from 2015 - April 2021 with interventional studies, comparing CIMT with other therapeutic interventions for stroke patients with unilateral upper limb involvement were reviewed Results: Twenty-five articles were reviewed after applying the inclusion exclusion criteria. Sample size in case of interventional studies ranged from 19-159 participants. Fifteen studies (60%) concluded that CIMT is superior to conventional therapy in overcoming non-use of affected upper limb, two articles (8%) concluded CIMT brings about limited improvements functionally. 50% studies denied long term gains or improvements, one article (4%) specifically denying any effects lasting post 6 months, three studies (12%) reported better results when CIMT was used in combination with other therapies, one study (4%) has shown Botox and CIMT combination to be a promising treatment method for improving motor function. Conclusion: We found CIMT a useful therapy in adult stroke patients with more studies showing a significant improvement in early phases of rehabilitation. Even if the articles have denied long-term gains or improvements beyond six months, none have shown deterioration in CIMT group Keywords: Adult stroke, Constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT), systematic review

Histopathological evaluation of endometrial curettings in women with abnormal uterine bleeding: A retrospective analysis

Endometrial pathologies have been a predominate problem faced by women globally.Among all the endometrial pathologies, abnormal uterine bleeding is first in the list among the developing countries. To analyse the percentage of endometrial pathology detected in women who were diagnosed from abnormal uterine bleeding in our tertiary health care centre.A retrospective study of 158 women patients who were diagnosed with abnormal uterine bleeding and their endometrial tissue sampling were evaluated for endometrial pathology. The study data were collected from February 2017 till January 2019 based on Inclusion criteria and Exclusion criteria.According to the inclusion criteria, the 152 cases medical data which includes clinical evaluations along with endometrial histopathology evaluation were analysed. According to our analysis, the histopathological examination reports revealed most of the cases were diagnosed with benign endometrial pathology (34.72%) and abnormal endometrial pathology (9.09%). The 9.09% includes 7.44% presented with endometrial hyperplasia and 1.65% presented with endometrial cancer.Histopathological study of endometrial curettage tissue is the approved method for detecting any endometrial pathology. This is an onerous task for pathologists as not to miss any important findings. According to our analysis the commonest incidences of endometrial pathology were normal endometrium 56.19% of cases and benign pathology 34.72% and the less incidences of preneoplastic lesions 7.44% and endometrial carcinoma 1.65%.

Corporate entrepreneurship and leadership theories: conceptual review

PurposeThis study aims to intersect corporate entrepreneurship (CE) as a construct with two leadership theories, agile leadership management (ALM) and complexity leadership theory (CLT), to develop further a conceptual model representing the relationship through scientific review and bibliometric analysis. The said leadership styles discussed here are essential for CE to grow, and therefore, this study aims to contribute to a firm’s survival in the circular economy.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis as research design. A total of 74 studies were included from the Scopus database in this review based on a specific inclusion–exclusion criterion and were analysed using VOS Viewer and MS-Excel.FindingsThis research found that agile leadership and complexity leadership framework contributed positively to the generation and promotion of CE in firms and created a conceptual model for the same. Also, a complementary bibliometric and keyword analysis of the included studies is presented.Research limitations/implicationsThe study’s primary limitation lies in the limited number of studies included in the review. Also, the conceptual model proposed is subject to further empirical testing; moreover, both ALM and CLT impact CE and other business environment factors that can guide future research.Practical implicationsThis study gives insights into the significance of CE and leadership style through a systematic literature review in designing the conceptual model. This research will be a significant contribution to leadership and entrepreneurship. This research can guide many leadership styles in developing strategies for a sustainable organization model by boosting CE to tackle economic challenges such as a circular economy.Social implicationsThis study conceptual model can be used for developing a sustainable organizational model using leadership as a mediating factor to survive in a continuous changing environment.Originality/valueThe two leadership styles included in this study are relatively new, and research has been on the boom for the past decade. There has been little research on the interplay of these leadership styles on CE.

Prevalence of Delirium in Advance Cancer Patients Admitted in Hospice Centre and Outcome after Palliative Intervention.

The assessment of prevalence of delirium in advanced cancer patients admitted in hospice centre and outcome after palliative intervention. The possible related risk factors for development of delirium. This was prospective analytic study done at hospice centre attached with tertiary cancer hospital in Ahmedabad during August 2019 - July 2021. This study was approved by the Institutional Review Committee. We selected patients according to following inclusion criteria (all patient admitted to hospice centre above 18 years, with advance cancer disease and on best supportive care) and exclusion criteria (Lack of informed consent, Inability to participate in study due to mentally retard or coma). The following information were collected: age, gender, address, type of cancer, comorbidities, history of substance abuse, history of (h/o) palliative chemotherapy or radiotherapy within last 3month, general condition, ESAS (Edmonton symptom assessment scale), ECOG (Eastern cooperative oncology group), PaP score (palliative prognostic score), medication including opioids, NSAIDs (Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs), steroids, antibiotic, adjuvant analgesic, PPI (Proton pump inhibitor), anti-emetic etc. Delirium diagnosis was based on diagnostic criterion of DSM-IV text revised and MDAS. In our study we found prevalence of delirium was 31.29% in advanced cancer patients admitted to hospice centre. We found most common type of delirium is hypoactive (34.7%) and mixed subtype (34.7%) followed by hyperactive (30.4%) delirium. Resolution of delirium was higher among hyperactive delirium (78.57%) followed by mixed subtype (50%) and hypoactive (12.5%). Mortality was higher among patient with hypoactive subtype (81.25%) followed by mixed (43.75%) and hyperactive delirium (14.28%). An identification and assessment of delirium is vital for acceptable end of life care within the palliative care in light of the fact that the presence of delirium is related with morbidity, mortality, prolonged ICU hospitalization, expanded time on a ventilator, and by and large more prominent medical services costs. Clinicians should utilize one of a few approved delirium assessment tools to help evaluate and archive cognitive function. Prevention and recognizing the clinical reason for delirium are generally the best method for diminishing the morbidity from delirium. The study results demonstrate that multi component delirium management or projects are generally proficient to lessen the prevalence and negative outcomes of delirium. It was found that palliative care intervention has quite a positive outcome as it not only focus on the mental health of the patients but also of family members who go through the same amount of distress and also help them to communicate properly and manage to settle the mental state and end the life without pain and distress.

Serum biomarkers associated with radiographic skeletal maturity indicators: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

To evaluate the relevant scientific literature to determine the association between different serum biomarker levels and radiographic skeletal maturity indicators. A literature search was carried out on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, Semantic Scholar, Science Direct and Opengrey.eu up to November 2021 and 7466 records were retrieved via the electronic search. Study selection, data extraction and subsequent risk of bias assessment (RoB) was carried out independently by two authors. In case of any discrepancy, a third author was consulted. After the exclusion of duplicates and the application of inclusion exclusion criteria, 19 studies (published in 25 articles) were included in the systematic review out of which 17 had a cross-sectional and two had a cohort study design. For the meta-analysis, based on the homogeneity, five cross-sectional studies measuring serum IGF-1 levels were incorporated. The meta-analysis revealed that the serum IGF-1 levels peak at the CS4 stage (401.77 ng/mL [333.50 - 470.05]) in the pooled group. However, in the subgroup analysis, it was found that the serum IGF-1 levels peak at CS3 in girls (422.82 ng/mL [377.46-468.18]) and CS4 in boys (487.04 ng/mL [391.83-582.25]). Among the various biomarkers evaluated, serum IGF-1 was the most associated with different stages of radiographic skeletal maturity indicators with its levels peaking at CS3 in girls and CS4 in boys.

Dharavi in Beijing? A Hidden Geography of Waste and Migrant Exclusion

Waste-picking and informal recycling promote grassroots investment, providing employment, conserving resources, and protecting the environment. Six million people work in informal recycling across urban China. In particular, in Beijing in the 2010s, between 200,000 and 300,000 people—mostly migrants—worked in the waste sector. Following the publicity of being labeled a “city besieged by garbage,” Beijing’s waste recycling has taken center stage in state and municipal campaigns, enterprise interests, and activism. In 2019 China promulgated a nationwide garbage sorting plan, ignoring an elaborate migrant-run recycling system and the lived experiences of those migrants since the 1980s. Drawing from a decade-long project on the Henancun villages within Beijing and on archival materials, this article reconstructs and brings to the foreground the hidden geography of Beijing’s migrant recycling: its state-sanctioned germination, flourishing, and frequent expulsions. We examine the interface of state, municipal bureaucracies, urbanites, and scholars in shaping rhetoric, producing the boundary between formal and informal, and the structuration of flexible inclusion and constant exclusion of waste and migrant waste workers, resulting in disrupted historicity of migrant citizenship claims and community dislocations. China’s hidden, shifting “Dharavi” features the enormous resilience of, and long-term exploitation and exclusion of, its migrants.

Prenatal Yoga Menurunkan Keluhan Nyeri Punggung Bawah pada Ibu Hamil

Globally, the prevalence of low back pain in pregnancy varies between 34-86%. Prenatal yoga increases flexibility, strength, and endurance of muscles such as the back, abdominal, and pelvic floor muscles. This study aims to determine the effect of prenatal yoga on reducing low back pain in pregnant women. This research method is quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test approach with a control group design. A total of 46 pregnant women (23 subjects in each group) who came consecutively and had passed the selection based on inclusion criteria (pregnant women aged 16-31 weeks, experiencing mild to moderate low back pain, willing to be research respondents) and exclusion (pregnant women) with complications, nausea vomiting pregnancy, spinal disorders, multiple pregnancies, taking pain medication, having medical restrictions on physical activity or exercise, and participating in other back pain therapies) were selected as study subjects. Research subjects in the intervention group received prenatal yoga once a week (60 minutes) for eight weeks with the same sequence, while the control group was given education and motivation for pregnancy exercise according to ANC standards using leaflets. Pain measurement using VAS performed before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test and paired t-test. The results of the study showed that there was a decrease in low back pain in the prenatal yoga group and the control group (p&lt;0.001). The average decrease in low back pain in the prenatal yoga group was higher (3.57mm) than in the control group (1.76mm). The study concludes that prenatal yoga is a complementary and alternative therapy that is safe and can prevent and reduce complaints of low back pain in pregnant women.

The Relationship between Family Functions and the Quality of Life of the Elderly with Hypertension in the working area Public Health Center of Babadan

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Hypertension is still a major problem in the elderly at the Babadan Health Center, based on data in 2021 the incidence of hypertension at the Babadan Health Center is 539 cases. Due to the high rate of hypertension in the elderly, it has a negative impact on the quality of life. Elderly who suffer from hypertension need the role of a good family function in order to create a good quality of life as well. The general purpose of this study was to explain the relationship between family functions and the quality of life of elderly patients with hypertension in the working area of Babadan Health Center.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Analytical observational research with cross sectional approach and using simple random sampling technique. This research was conducted from October to December 2021 in the working area of the Babadan Health Center, Ponorogo Regency. The number of samples for this study was 67 samples with inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Data collection was obtained from the results of filling out the APGAR Family questionnaire and the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire which had been tested for validity and reliability. The data obtained were analyzed with bivariat analysis used Chi-Square test.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The majority of elderly people with hypertension at the Babadan Health Center have healthy family functions and a good quality of life, especially in the domain of social relations. Based on statistical analysis using the Chi-Square test, it was found that there was a significant relationship between family function and the quality of life of the elderly with hypertension (p = 0.000; PR = 8.9; CI = 95% 2.954 to 26.830).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Elderly people with hypertension who come from healthy families are 9 times more likely to have a good quality of life than the elderly who come from unhealthy families. The role of a good family function will affect the quality of life of elderly people with hypertension, especially in terms of social relationships.&lt;/p&gt;

Meta-Analysis of the Effect of Nursing Intervention on Children with Type 2 Diabetes.

To systematically evaluate the effect of nursing intervention on children with type 2 diabetes. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on nursing intervention in children with type 2 diabetes in CNKI, VIP, WanFang, Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Embase, and Science were searched by the computer until July 2022. Two evaluators reviewed the articles, selected the information, and assessed their quality according to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria and then carried out meta-analysis with RevMan 5.3. A total of 5 RCT studies were kept, including 319 patients with type 2 diabetes (≤21 years old), where 162 patients were in the nursing group and 157 patients were in the control group. Meta-analysis revealed that, compared with routine nursing, nursing intervention could effectively control children's fasting blood glucose (FBG) (MD = -1.68, 95% CI (-2.19, -1.17), P < 0.00001), 2 h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG) (MD = -4.01, 95% CI (-4.70, -3.33), P < 0.00001), fasting insulin (FINS) (MD = -7.42, 95% CI (-10.63, -4.20), P < 0.00001), 2 h postprandial insulin (2hINS) (MD = -58.18, 95% CI (-103.24, -13.11), P = 0.01), triglycerides (TG) (MD = -0.41, 95% CI (-0.56, -0.25), P < 0.00001), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) (MD = -8.85, 95% CI (-14.67, -3.03), P = 0.003) and effectively maintain patients' blood glucose at a normal level (MD = -8.85, 95% CI (-14.67, -3.03), P = 0.003), where all the differences were statistically significant. The existing evidence showed that nursing intervention has a significant effect in controlling normal blood glucose and improving insulin utilization in children with type 2 diabetes, which can effectively improve the therapeutic effect on children.

FACTORS RELATED UTERINE MIOMAS (UTERINE FIBROIDS) AT RSUP DR. MOHAMMAD HOESIN PALEMBANG

Background: Uterine fibroids or uterine myomas are benign tumors cell myometrial smooth muscle surrounded by a pseudocapsule. Uterine fibroids occur in reproductive age women and will slowly disappear at menopause. Uterine fibroids are the second most common reproductive problem experienced by women in Indonesia after cervical cancer. The world incidence rate of uterine myomas is 20-35%, while Indonesia ranges from 2.4% to 11.7%. The study was conducted to know related factors with incident of uterine myomas at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang. Methods: This research is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The sample of this study were gynecological patients at RSUP Dr. Mohammad Hoesin Palembang and data collected for the period January 2020 - July 2021 that met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Results and Conclusions: From 60 patients, the proportion of patients with uterine myomas was 61.7%. The analysis using the Chi-square test showed that age ( p = 0.005) had a significant relationship with the incidence of uterine myomas. The results of the analysis using the Chi-square test showed that age at menarche ( p= 1.00), parity ( p= 0.761), body mass index ( p =0.559), infertility ( p =0.112), history of hypertension ( p =1.00 ), history of diabetes mellitus ( p = 1.00), history of using hormonal contraception ( p = 0.634) did not have a significant relationship with the incidence of uterine myoma. Conclusion of this study is the mostr related factors of uterine myomas is age factor.

Association Between Smoking Behavior and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

To systematically review the association between smoking behavior and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). PubMed, Medline, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were used to conduct this review. The two researchers independently screened the literatures, conducted the quality assessment, and data extraction according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The RevMan 5.3 was used to analysis the apnea hypopnea index (AHI) index, min saturation of oxyhemoglobin (SaO2), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score, and oxygen desaturation index (DOI) and publication bias analysis to assess the effect of smoking on OSA patients. Furthermore, we performed subgroup of the severity of OSA, different countries of sample origin (western countries or eastern countries), and pack-years (PYs < 10 or PYs ≥ 20) to analyze the heterogeneity. Thirteen studies were included in this analysis that conformed to inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. Totally 3654 smokers and 9796 non-smokers have participated. The meta-analysis of 13 studies demonstrated that AHI levels were significantly higher in smoker group compared with non-smoker, ESS scores were also significantly higher in smoker group compared with non-smoker, min SaO2 levels were obviously lower in smoker group compared with non-smoker, however, DOI levels hadn't significantly different between two groups. The subgroup analysis showed that there was an association between severe OSA, eastern countries, pack-years, and smoking. Smoking behavior is a significant association with OSA. Heavy smokers with histories of more than 20 PYs were at a higher risk of OSA. Moreover, patient with severe OSA exhibited a significantly association with smoking compared with patients with mild or moderate OSA. The relationship between smoking and OSA was controversial, especially, whether smoking increase or aggravate the risk of OSA. In our review and meta-analysis, we demonstrated that smoking behavior is a significant association with OSA. Heavy smokers with histories of more than 20 PYs were at a higher risk of OSA. Moreover, patient with severe OSA exhibited a significant association with smoking compared with patients with mild or moderate OSA. More prospective long-term follow-up studies about effect of quit smoking on OSA are recommended to establish the further relationship.

Effectiveness of Post Isometric Relaxation Versus Reciprocal Inhibition Technique on Hamstring Muscle Flexibility

Background: To expand the muscular extensibility, alternation of muscle energy techniques have been upheld, yet proof present to help the general value of a specific methodology. Two strategies of muscle energy techniques have been explored in the osteopathic writing that differs principally in the group of muscles focused on. Objective: The objective of our study was to find out the effectiveness of post isometric relaxation and reciprocal inhabitation technique on hamstring muscle flexibility among students of Johar Institute of Professional Studies Lahore. Methods: The Quasi-experimental study was for comparison of two Relaxation Techniques with 50 healthy students of both gender were recruited by non-probability convenient sampling technique from different department of Johar Institute&#x0D; st of Professional Studies Lahore from 1 October to March 2020. For enrolling the subjects in this study we used convenience sampling technique. Furthermore, 50 subjects were selected on the basis of inclusion exclusion criteria and were arbitrarily divided in to two groups with 25 in each group. Hamstring length was assessed using AKE test. For intervention, Group A performed post isometrics relaxation and Group B performed Reciprocal Inhibition Technique. Knee range of motion was assessed pre-intervention and post-intervention. Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and Universal Goniometer were assessment tools accessed for all patients before and after 4 weeks of physical therapy intervention. Data were documented and analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test was applied to find association between the variables of hypothesis. Results: In both groups, the pre-intervention and post-intervention measurements by statistical analysis found that there is significant improvement in hamstring muscle flexibility with P value ≤ 0.05 for both right side and left side. Conclusion: The current study found out that both post isometric relaxation and reciprocal inhibition are equally beneficial in the treatment of tight hamstrings.

Intramedullary Nailing Versus Plate Fixation for Humeral Shaft Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The two techniques most utilized in the surgical treatment of humeral shaft fractures are open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) and intramedullary nailing (IMN). Although there have been multiple comparative clinical studies comparing outcomes for these two treatments, studies have not suggested one approach to be superior to the other. The purpose of this study is to perform a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of studies that evaluated the treatment of humeral shaft fractures with either ORIF or intramedullary nail. We conducted this meta-analysis utilizing stricter inclusion and broader exclusion criteria to examine these two common approaches. We examined those articles which have compared first-time, closed fractures of the humeral diaphysis in adults in fracture patterns that could be treated equivalently by intramedullary nail or plate fixation. The primary outcome of interest was nonunion, and studies that did not report nonunion rates were excluded. There were a total of 1,926 abstracts reviewed and a total of three articles were included in the final analysis after screening. There was no significant difference in the incidence of nonunion between plating (2/111, 1.8%) and nailing (4/104, 3.9%) (P>0.05). The mean difference in average time to union for plated fractures and nailed fractures was 1.11 weeks (95% CI 0.82 to 1.40) which was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the incidence of radial nerve palsy (12/111, 10.8%) for plating compared to nailing (0/104, 0%) (P=0.0004). There was no difference in incidence of post-operative infection between the two groups intramedullary nailing (P>0.05). The results of this analysis demonstrate an increased risk of iatrogenic radial nerve injury, and a significantly shorter time to union when treating humeral shaft fractures with plating as compared to intramedullary nailing. There was no difference in the rates of nonunion or delayed union. Based on the evidence, both plating and nailing can achieve a similar treatment effect on humeral shaft fractures.

Recurrence Of Anterior Shoulder Dislocation with Or Without Physiotherapy

Shoulder withdrawals are horrendous and can hinder everyday activities as well as help in sports. The greater part of shoulder separations (&gt;95%) happen in the front course and are from time to time achieved by injury. Discontinuous separations can be avoided and social costs can be diminished with proper treatment. Objective: To evaluate the recurrence of anterior should dislocation with or without physiotherapy. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over 180 participants of recurrence of anterior shoulder dislocation according to inclusion exclusion criteria. Non probability purposive sampling was used to assemble data from Lahore. Data was collected by questionnaire Functional shoulder Instability. Data were collected from the Patients of the University of Lahore Teaching Hospital, Mansoora Hospital, Jinnah Hospital and Mayo Hospital. Results: Out of total 180 participant’s, 140 were males and 40 were females. Mean age was 25.9 with a St. Deviation of 5.3 having maximum age of 35.00 and minimum age of 15.00. Injury mechanism among participants was seizure in 20 (11.1%), falls present in 46 (25.6%), sporting injury in 54 (30.0%), motor vehicle accident in 54 (30.0%) and in other is 6 (3.3%). 98 (54.4%) participants have previous instability of other shoulder and 82 (45.6%) don’t have previous instability of other shoulder. 74 (41.1%) participants have left dislocation side and 106 (58.9%) participants have right dislocation side. 28 (15.6%) participant’s undergoes physiotherapist treatment and 152 (84.4%) participant’s undergoes general physician treatment. Conclusions: Hence it was concluded that, recurrence of shoulder was occurred mostly in that participants’ which were undergoes general physician treatment.

The Effect of Duration of Laser Radiation with the Same Dose in the Treatment of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis

Introduction: Recurring aphthous ulcers is a common and painful ulcer in the oral area. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of length of radiation in the same dose for the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis. To date no similar study is available.&#x0D; Materials &amp; Methods: In this double-blinded clinical trial, 30 patients with minor aphthous ulcer that were referred to Oral medicine department of Islamic Azad university were selected according to convenience sampling and inclusion exclusion criteria and were randomly divided into two similar groups. Low level laser therapy with diode 660nm was used in group A with 200 mW and 20 seconds setting and in group B with 20 mW and 200 seconds setting in two sessions on the first and third days were used. The time of clinical healing and the pain intensity as VAS were recorded. Data were analyzed by Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test (p value &lt; 0.05).&#x0D; Results: The pain intensity from first day after the laser until the seventh day in group B was significantly less than group A (p value &lt; 0.001). The mean size of lesion was significantly lower in the third day (p value = 0.03), fifth (p value &lt; 0.001) and seventh (p value = 0.001). The mean clinical healing time in group B was significantly lower than group A (p value &lt; 0.001).&#x0D; Conclusion: According to this study's findings, longer time of irradiation in lower output power of 660 nm diode laser was suggested for treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcer.

Does urination position have an effect on evaluation of lower urinary tract function ın children? A uroflowmetric study

BackgroundWe aimed to determine whether different urination positions had significant impact on the parameters of uroflowmetry performed by healthy individuals and children with voiding dysfunction.MethodsThe study was conducted with a prospective and comparative design. Children between 5 and 15 years of age who met the inclusion–exclusion criteria of the study were enrolled. Children in the study were divided into two groups. Participants whose voiding dysfunction symptom score was ≥ 9 points were classified in group 1 and the remaining individuals were classified in group 2. Girls urinated in two different positions as sitting and squatting while boys urinated in three different positions as sitting, squatting and standing. Also, habitual urination position was asked and recorded for each individual participated in the study. Uroflowmetry parameters were compared for different urination positions in two groups separately and a p value of ≤ .05 was accepted for statistical significance.ResultsVoided volume, maximum flow rate (Qmax), time to reach Qmax, urination time and postvoid residual volume measured by abdominal ultrasound were recorded in every participant for each urination position in both groups. In group 1, girls with voiding dysfunction presented a significantly higher postvoid residual volume in squatting position compared to sitting position (the p value = 0.02). In group 2, healthy boys presented a significantly higher Qmax in standing position compared to sitting and squatting positions (the p value = 0.01). All participants provided a better uroflowmetry pattern in their habitual urination positions.ConclusionUrination position may affect uroflowmetry results; however, its impact on lower urinary tract function requires further research.

Formulations of the inclusion–exclusion principle from Legendre to Poincaré, with emphasis on Daniel Augusto da Silva

The inclusion–exclusion principle is a simple, intuitive, and extremely versatile result. It is one of the most useful methods for counting and it can be used in different areas of mathematics. In the eighteenth century, the first uses of this result that appear in the literature are related to the study of problems of games of chance. However, the first formulations of this principle appear, independently by several authors, only in the nineteenth century. In this article, we study the formulations obtained by Adrien-Marie Legendre, Daniel Augusto da Silva, James Joseph Sylvester, and Henri Poincaré. We highlight the contribution of the Portuguese mathematician Daniel Augusto da Silva, since his formulation can be applied to different problems of number theory, whenever collections of numbers satisfying certain properties are involved, and this is the reason why his formulation stands out compared with all the others.

CORRELATION OF THE USE OF CONTRACEPTIVE PILL COMBINATION TO RISK OF LEIOMYOMA EVENTS IN RSPAL SURABAYA

The use of contraception is important to control population growth, regulate the interval between pregnancies, avoid unwanted births, control the time of birth in a husband and wife relationship and determine the number of children in the family. According to the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of East Java Province in 2018, the number of active Family Planning (KB) participants of married women of childbearing age who use hormonal contraception in the form of pills was 19.26%, injections were 50.44%, and implants is 11. 45%. Uterine fibroids occur in 20%-25% of women of reproductive age. The prevalence of leiomyoma may increase with hormonal contraceptives containing the hormone estrogen, either pure or combined. Uterine fibroids can affect the quality of life of the sufferer. Purpose: To analyze the relationship between the use of combined pill contraceptives and those who do not use the combined pill contraception in women with the incidence of leiomyoma. Method: This research is an observational analytic carried out retrospectively with a case-control approach. The sampling technique in this study was non-probability sampling, namely purposive sampling. This study uses secondary data, namely medical records of gynecological patients at the RSPAL Dr. Ramelan Surabaya by meeting the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria. The data collected will be analyzed by looking at whether leiomyoma patients use combined pill contraception. Result: Patients diagnosed with leiomyoma who used the combined pill contraceptive were 48 (63%), while those who did not use the combined pill were 28 (37%). This study's results indicate a significant relationship between the use of combined pill contraceptives and the incidence of leiomyoma (p=0.001). Conclusion: There is a relationship between the use of combined pill contraceptives with the incidence of leiomyoma.