Inclusion Behavior Research Articles

A study on the double-edged sword effect of inclusive leadership on employees' work behaviour-dual path perspective of cognition and affection.

In order to cope with the volatile social environment and organisational change, more and more scholars call on leaders to stimulate subordinate effectiveness to a greater extent with inclusive behaviour. Existing studies focus on the positive impact of inclusive leadership, but ignore its potential negative impact. This study integrates Cognition-affection Personality System Theory to explore the double-edged sword mechanism of inclusive leadership on subordinates' work behaviour. Through the data analysis of 518 paired questionnaires collected in three stages, the results are as follows: Inclusive leadership has a positive impact on subordinates' psychological entitlement and state gratitude; Psychological entitlement and state gratitude play mediation roles not only between inclusive leadership and work withdrawal behaviour, but also between inclusive leadership and active behaviour; Subordinate narcissistic personality moderates the positive effect of inclusive leadership on psychological entitlement and state gratitude, and then moderates the indirect effect of inclusive leadership on subordinate work withdrawal behaviour and proactive behaviour through psychological entitlement and state gratitude. The above results expand the research on the action mechanism and boundary conditions of inclusive leadership in Chinese organisational context, and provide practical guidance for organisational managers to effectively conduct inclusive leadership.

Agglomeration behaviors of different types of complex TiN inclusions in high titanium wear resistant steel

Large-sized titanium-containing inclusion clusters seriously affect the continuous casting and performance of high titanium wear-resistant steel. In the current work, thermodynamic calculations were firstly conducted to predict the formation of various complex TiN inclusions, viz, TiOx-TiN, Al2O3–TiN and LaAlO3–TiN. Based on that, laboratory-scale experiments were designed to prepare samples containing a single type of complex TiN inclusions. The agglomeration characterizes of different complex inclusions were compared by combing in-situ observation based on confocal laser scanning microscopy and Newtonian motion equation. Furthermore, the Kralchevsky-Paunov model was used to study the influences of density and size on the agglomeration behavior of complex TiN inclusions. The result shows that the attractive force between TiOx-TiN complex inclusions increases from 1.93 × 10−18 to 4.34 × 10−17 N, while it was 3.41 × 10−17 to 5.12 × 10−16 N for Al2O3–TiN complex inclusions and 6.42 × 10−18 to 1.14 × 10−16 N for LaAlO3–TiN inclusions. Based on the experimental results and theoretical calculation, the agglomeration tendency of Al2O3–TiN is the strongest due to the considered size and compared to the TiOx-TiN inclusions, the stronger agglomeration tendency of LaAlO3–TiN ones can be attributed to their higher density.

Dissolution behavior of Al2O3 inclusions into CaO–MgO–SiO2–Al2O3–TiO2 system ladle slags

Dissolution behavior of Al2O3 inclusions into CaO–MgO–SiO2–Al2O3–TiO2 system ladle slags

Inclusive Recreational Sport for Visually Impaired and Sighted School Children Using Floormatics

Background: Globally, no sport provides a competitive setting for both the sighted and visually impaired, with either having an equal chance of winning. Floormatics is an innovative game designed to give a fair and inclusive play situation for the sighted and visually impaired with the aid of the blindfold. Objective: This study focused on utilising floormatics (play de blind) to promote inclusive recreational sports among visually impaired and sighted school children in Northern Nigeria on acceptability, inclusiveness, recreation behaviour, level of satisfaction, willingness to participate, and ability to compete in the game. Method: The cohort study design was used adopting a posttest-only experimental research method and a multistage sampling technique in selecting 180 volunteered participants comprising 90 visually impaired and 90 sighted from six schools in four states at the three geo-political zones that are part of the 19 states that comprised northern Nigeria. After 10-12 weeks of training and competition, data were collected with a modified theory of planned behaviour questionnaire (TBQ). Data were analysed using simple regression at.05 alpha levels. Result: The findings showed that 98% of the participants were delighted and willing to sustain participation [P.05], and engaged in competition with their counterparts irrespective of their visual status [P.05]. Also, there was no significant difference in the level of satisfaction [P.05] or competition involvement [P.05] among the sighted and visually impaired. Conclusion: The study has shown that floormatics as a game is capable of changing the inclusive recreational behaviour of the visually impaired with the sighted. Consequently, it was recommended that floormatics should be introduced to all-inclusive schools as an extracurricular sport, and adopt floormatics as a National Sport to promote healthy competition among the sighted and visually impaired.

Foregrounding why and when inclusive leadership triggers customer stewardship in hospitality organizations

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the potential positive correlation between inclusive leadership and hotel frontline employees’ (FLEs) customer stewardship (CS) behavior, using the conservation of resource theory as its foundation. It hypothesizes that role breadth self-efficacy (RBSE) acts as a mediating factor in this relationship, with employee conscientiousness serving as a significant moderating variable.Design/methodology/approachA time-lagged survey design was used, spanning over three rounds to collect data from 348 hotel FLEs and 42 managers. The analysis was conducted using structural equation modeling in Mplus version 8.6.FindingsThe study revealed a positive association between inclusive leadership and FLE CS, both directly and indirectly through RBSE. The results also showed that FLE conscientiousness moderated the direct link between inclusive leadership and RBSE, as well as the indirect link between inclusive leadership and FLE CS.Practical implicationsThe evidence suggests that inclusive leadership behaviors among hospitality managers may elevate FLE CS behaviors, implying significant benefits for the success of hospitality organizations. Managers should focus on enhancing FLEs’ RBSE to further improve CS behaviors. In addition, by considering FLE conscientiousness, managers can craft targeted strategies to maximize the impact of inclusive leadership on CS behaviors.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the limited body of knowledge on the precursors of CS behavior by explaining both direct and indirect connections with inclusive leadership. Furthermore, it broadens the understanding of the conditions under which leadership most effectively shapes such behaviors.

Critical precipitation behavior of MnTe inclusions in resulfurized steels during solidification

Critical precipitation behavior of MnTe inclusions in resulfurized steels during solidification

New Understanding on Relationship Between RTD Curve and Inclusion Behavior in the Tundish

New Understanding on Relationship Between RTD Curve and Inclusion Behavior in the Tundish

University pathway teachers’ salient beliefs of inclusive education: an elicitation study of the Theory of Planned Behaviour

ABSTRACT The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) has been increasingly used in the field of inclusive education to develop instruments that predict teachers’ inclusive behaviour. To ensure the instrument developed to measure the constructs of the TPB is closely aligned to the theory, an elicitation study should be conducted as the first step. However, they are often omitted or rarely reported in the literature, particularly in the literature surrounding inclusive education. This study extends the use of the TPB to an under-researched population in higher education, university pathway teachers (UPTs), who work in programs that provide alternative access to university education. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten UPTs from New South Wales, Australia to elicit their salient behavioural, normative, and control beliefs on inclusive education. Directed content analysis results showed that UPTs view inclusive education positively but are concerned with the extra time and work involved. In addition, UPTs believed that students without disability would be potentially opposing inclusive education. UPTs also revealed various essential facilitators and hindrances of inclusive education. These findings have implications for extending understandings of inclusive education to university pathway programs as well as for the importance of elicitation studies when using TPB with new populations.

Precipitation Behavior of MnS Inclusion in Unidirectionally-Solidified Fe-18Mn-1Al-0.3C Steels

Precipitation Behavior of MnS Inclusion in Unidirectionally-Solidified Fe-18Mn-1Al-0.3C Steels

Reimagining our futures together: An early bird's‐eye view of inclusive organizational behavior

SummaryThe world has witnessed high‐intensity and low‐occurrence crises such as the COVID‐19 pandemic that have radically changed not only the discourses of health and safety but also permanently changed the realities of the workplace. The COVID‐19 pandemic‐related new normal has resulted in the exponential increase in the acceptance of “homeplace” or “work from home” in work‐related domains. With this sudden dramatic shift in the way the present and future work is being conceptualized, there is every reason to believe that employees struggle with a plethora of intertwined thoughts and emotions, particularly a heightened sense of social isolation and exclusion from their work environment. The present study is an attempt to address this concern in the broader ambit of inclusive organizational behavior. Using an interpretivist research approach, we dwell on the genesis of organizational behavior in changing times, particularly digitalization and social isolation. We employ inductive analysis of the employee data generated over two waves and use grounded theory to explain how inclusive behavior could be fostered within organizations. Our study provides an early conceptualization of inclusive organizational behavior by identifying four factors, namely, inclusive support, inclusive work design, inclusive culture, and inclusive mindset. Furthermore, based on the findings of the study, a three‐tier model of inclusive organizational behavior is proposed that links individual, group, and system‐level dynamics in the organizations.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ НЕОДНОРІДНОСТІ ПЛАСТИЧНОЇ ДЕФОРМАЦІЇ ГЕТЕРОФАЗНИХ НЕМЕТАЛЕВИХ ВКЛЮЧЕНЬ В СТАЛЯХ

The nature and level of plasticity of microcomposite heterophase inclusions in steels under pressure treatment condition was investigated. Plastic phases in heterophase inclusions of various types under the conditions of hot and cold deformation of steels were investigated. It is shown that each type of inclusions, which are microcomposite formations in steels, is characterized by its own laws of the development of deformation processes, which are determined by their chemical and phase composition, structure, deformation capacity of inclusion phases. The generalized of the plastic behavior of heterophase inclusions of various types with a complex structure have been established and inhibitory effect of non-deformable inclusion phases on the behavior of plastic phases in a wide range of deformation temperatures of steels has been established. The peculiarities of the nature of plasticity of heterophase inclusions with different compositions and structures are discussed. The use of the obtained results will make it possible to develop technologies for obtaining steels with a regulated content and types of heterophase non-metallic inclusions, which will significantly increase their technological plasticity, as well as prevent the formation of various types of defects during pressure treatment of steels.

Interactions Between Alumina Inclusions at the Liquid Iron/Argon Gas Interface: Role of Contact Line Undulation

A deep understanding of the behavior of nonmetallic inclusions is essential for steel cleanliness control. The behavior of alumina inclusions at the liquid iron/argon gas interface is investigated using a high‐temperature confocal scanning laser microscope. The obtained images are used to determine the moving velocity of the inclusions on the interface. The obtained experimental data are quantitatively evaluated using the lateral capillary interaction model for multipole orders established by Danov–Kralchevsky while taking into account the resistive drag force. The attraction forces calculated from these data are in the range between ≈10−13 and ≈10−11 N. The best‐fitting model is assigned for each case. The multipole models almost counterbalance the drag force, indicating a good interpretation of the interaction between the inclusions. Moreover, the acting length of this interaction is examined and compared to the previous work on Ce2O3 inclusions. It is found that alumina inclusions generally exhibit a larger acting length at a large critical radius and a smaller acting length at a small critical radius when comparing them to their counterpart cerium oxide inclusions. Considering the particle shapes, high shape irregularity is better interpreted by higher orders of the multipoles.

Investigating the Effectiveness of Community-Based Learning Programs in Promoting Social Inclusion and Equity in Punjab

The presented study finds out how well community-based learning initiatives in Punjab can promote social inclusion & equity. This report acknowledges the ongoing difficulties that underprivileged groups in Punjab confront due to the factors of social exclusion or injustice. Programs for community-based learning have become recognised as promising instruments for resolving these problems by promoting inclusive behaviours and empowering people. By analysing their outcomes including highlighting the essential aspects that led to their effectiveness, this study aims to investigate how these initiatives helped to address the problems of social inclusion and equity. The research used a quantitative method approach for gathering and analysing data. To gauge their perceptions of changing social inclusion as well as equity, individuals involved in community-based learning in the province of Punjab were surveyed as part of the quantitative part.

Interventions for challenging behavior of autistic students in general education settings: A systematic literature review

BackgroundAs the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) increases, the number of students with ASD receiving their education in general education settings continues to rise. Yet, teachers are often underprepared to address the behavioral needs of autistic students in inclusive settings, which often leads to negative school outcomes. Currently, no review has systematically examined the characteristics and effects of behavioral interventions specifically for autistic students in general education settings. The purpose of this systematic literature review was to identify and synthesize empirical studies of interventions aimed at reducing the challenging behavior of students with ASD in general education settings. MethodA literature search was conducted across three academic databases, yielding 9561 articles that were screened for eligibility against a set of inclusion criteria. Additionally, an ancestral search of included articles and a pearling search of recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses on similar topics were conducted. Finally, 12 articles were descriptively synthesized. ResultsA lack of participant diversity in relation to disability, age, and race was found across the studies. Majority of the interventions were effective and interventions informed by functional behavioral assessments consistently yielded strong effects. Joint implementation of interventions was the most common form of researcher-practitioner collaboration, with a relative lack of studies involving practitioners in designing interventions. ConclusionsFindings of this review imply a broader issue of restrictive educational placement policies for autistic students who engage in challenging behavior and a critical need to support educators to implement more inclusive educational and behavior management practices.

Electrochemical properties of MnSe inclusions and improving the pitting corrosion resistance of stainless steel via Se microalloying

Controlling the electrochemical properties of non-metallic inclusions is of substantial interest in the design of corrosion-resistant alloys. To the best of our knowledge, the dissolution and pitting corrosion behavior of selenide inclusions in stainless steels and the improvement of the pitting corrosion resistance of type 304 stainless steels via Se microalloying have not been investigated. In this study, stainless steel specimens containing artificial MnS and MnSe inclusions were fabricated via spark plasma sintering to systematically investigate their electrochemical properties. The superior pitting corrosion resistance and dissolution resistance of MnSe to those of MnS were demonstrated. The results obtained from the sintered specimens were applied to improve the pitting corrosion resistance of type 304 stainless steels via Se microalloying. Adding a trace amount of Se (0.005 mass%) altered the readily soluble sulfide inclusions to dissolution-resistant selenide-type inclusions, resulting in improved pitting corrosion resistance of type 304 stainless steel.

In Situ Observation of the Dissolution, Collision, and Aggregation Behavior of Nitride Inclusions in GH4169 Nickel-Based Superalloy

In Situ Observation of the Dissolution, Collision, and Aggregation Behavior of Nitride Inclusions in GH4169 Nickel-Based Superalloy

Effects of nurse managers' inclusive leadership on nurses' psychological safety and innovative work behavior: The moderating role of collectivism.

In the rapidly evolving healthcare landscape, the capacity to foster innovative work behavior among nurses is increasingly important. This study examined the dynamics between inclusive leadership, psychological safety, collectivism, and innovative work behavior among nurses. The study used a cross-sectional, correlational design. This study utilized data from 730 medical-surgical nurses who provided direct care to patients. Standardized instruments were used to assess key study variables. Statistical analyses, including moderated mediation regressions, were employed to investigate the complex interplay among these variables. We found a positive association between inclusive leadership and innovative work behavior, and psychological safety mediated this relationship. Collectivism moderated inclusive leadership's direct relationship with psychological safety and its indirect relationship with innovative work behavior. The results revealed that nurses with lower levels of collectivism were more responsive to their managers' inclusive behaviors, strengthening the relation between inclusive leadership, psychological safety, and innovative work behavior. Our findings suggest that promoting inclusive leadership behaviors among nurse managers to create a psychologically safe environment can motivate nurses to engage in innovative work behavior. However, it is also important to understand that the effectiveness of leadership may differ depending on the collectivist values of individual nurses. Nurse managers should adopt inclusive leadership behaviors, such as valuing trust, open communication, and diversity, in order to foster psychological safety and innovative work behavior among nurses.

Fostering financial inclusion for attaining sustainable goals: What contributes more to the inclusive financial behaviour of rural households in India?

This study focuses on the effects of financial advisers, product attributes, and financial literacy on rural families’ financial inclusion in particular Indian areas. Survey data, collected from 423 respondents from the marginalized communities, is structurally еquation-modеlеd to test the hypotheses. The findings reveal that financial literacy and awareness exhibited a large direct effect on financial inclusion and the financial advisors play a significant role in achieving sustainable goals by moderating the economic behaviour of the rural households. It is recommended that finance advisors be engaged, overseen and made an integral part of financial systems to provide high-quality ethical service, bridge the trust gap between households and financial institutions, and promote the inclusive behaviour of rural household. The financial products, government schemes be customized to the best of specific nееds and demographics of rural areas and financial advisors must be engaged for community financial literacy campaigns so that the products reach the section at the bottom of economic pyramid. Overall, this study offers insightful facts that can support financial inclusion laws and help rural India achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

Detachment of a Soluble Particle at the Slag-Argon Interface: CFD Study and Experimental Observations

The behavior of non-metallic inclusions at interfaces of high-temperature melt and molten slag affects the removal of inclusions and the consequent melt cleanness. This study presents real-time in situ observations on the behavior of an oxide particle in the vicinity of the slag-argon interface by means of high-temperature confocal scanning laser microscopy (HT-CSLM). On top of that, CFD simulations are conducted to investigate the underlying mechanisms of particle-interface interactions. In addition to revealing the particle motion process from the argon phase toward the slag, a significant particle morphology alteration associated with its dissolution in the slag is experimentally observed. Particularly, upon detachment from the slag-argon interface, the particle exhibits more dissolution at the near-interface area. By combining with numerical simulations, this study indicates that particle separation at the interface can be characterized as two stages. First, a short-term capillary force-driven motion stage happens until the particle initially settles at the interface. The settling position estimated by simulation shows good consistency with experimental measurement. Second, the particle takes a relatively long time to eventually detach from the interface, and this period is accompanied by particle dissolution. Investigations suggest that the concentration variation near the interface arising from particle dissolution triggers a Marangoni flow. This flow, in turn, enhances the local dissolution rate, consequently causing a significant particle morphology change that influences the detachment. This study provides new insight into the mechanism of inclusion removal through slag absorption in metallurgical processes. Both particle dynamics and dissolution kinetics, especially the effect of solutal Marangoni convection, are highlighted in detaching a small-scale particle from the fluid-fluid interface.

Mediating Effects of Guilt and Shame on the Helping Behavior of People who Have Witnessed Ostracism.

Social connections are fundamental to human well-being, yet ostracism can lead to mental and physical maladjustment. Ostracized individuals often attempt to reconnect, but their efforts can be hindered by feelings of helplessness and depression. This study examines factors that facilitate helping behavior toward ostracized individuals by third parties who witness the ostracism, that is, the mediating effects of guilt and shame on the effects of witnessing ostracism on subsequent helping behavior. Participants (n = 161) read scenarios depicting ostracism or inclusion situations and reported their likelihood to engage in helping behaviors and their feelings of guilt and shame after witnessing the events. Results indicated that guilt mediated a positive relationship between witnessing ostracism and subsequent helping behavior, whereas shame mediated a negative relationship. These findings are consistent with existing research on the prosocial motivation of guilt and the avoidance tendencies of shame. The results highlight the complex interplay of emotions in shaping bystander responses to ostracism and shed light on potential interventions to promote inclusive behaviors. By influencing the emotions of bystanders, prosocial actions based on guilt can be encouraged and avoidance based on shame can be discouraged, ultimately promoting a more inclusive society.