Including Cell Phones Research Articles

The 2018-2019 FoodNet Population Survey: A tool to estimate risks and behaviors associated with enteric infections.

The FoodNet Population Survey is a periodic survey of randomly selected residents in 10 US sites on exposures and behaviors that may be associated with acute diarrheal infections and the health care sought for those infections. This survey is used to estimate the true disease burden of enteric illness in the United States and to estimate rates of exposure to potential sources of illness. Unlike previous FoodNet Population Surveys, this cycle used multiple sampling frames and administration modes, including cell phone and web-based questionnaires, that allowed for additional question topics and a larger sample size. It also oversampled children to increase representation of this population. Analytic modeling adjusted for mode effects when estimating the prevalence estimates of exposures and behaviors. This report describes the design, methodology, challenges, and descriptive results from the 2018-19 FoodNet Population Survey.

Perception of drivers toward road safety and factors that cause road accidents in Riyadh city of Saudi Arabia

Injury as a result of road traffic accidents (RTA) is one of the leading causes of death and disability-adjusted life years. Strategies to handle this major public health problem, which has significant consequences for the Saudi economy and families, have been underway for many years but with very little success. This study’s main aim is to determine respondents’ perceptions of traffic safety and the factors that lead to road traffic accidents. It is a cross-sectional study conducted on randomly selected university students, faculty drivers, and visitors using King Saud University’s parking facility. Data were collected from 381 drivers using a pretested questionnaire, which comprises questions intended to attain the study’s objectives. The critical factors affecting traffic safety are public information followed by road maintenance, Garage, vehicle inspection, Road design and equipment, Training of drivers, Sanctions and Police enforcement, Protective devices and vehicle design, and post-accidental care. Road traffic accidents were found to be 39.0% with respondents aged less than 20 years, followed by ages between 20–35 years, which was 34.8%, and only 2.4% above 50 years. The most frequent occurrence of road traffic accidents was angle collision (39.0%) and back collision (18.9%), followed by hitting a fixed object (17.7%). Distraction habits during driving include cell phone usage (56.7%), followed by smoking (24.4%), and eating and drinking (18.9%) while driving. The most common traffic violations were increased speed limit (48.1) and loss of driving license (11.8%). The most common injuries were head (39.0%) and limbs (22.0%). A significant association between drivers’ age during the accident and distraction habits has been found (p < 0.000). The study demonstrated that drinking/eating, cell phone use, and violation of traffic rules are significant reasons for RTA. The findings of this study will contribute to a more comprehensive knowledge of road traffic accidents for the formation of effective strategies and evidence-based policies for the prevention of accidents.

Innovative Solutions for Worn Fingerprints: A Comparative Analysis of Traditional Fingerprint Impression and 3D Printing.

Fingerprint recognition systems have achieved widespread integration into various technological devices, including cell phones, computers, door locks, and time attendance machines. Nevertheless, individuals with worn fingerprints encounter challenges when attempting to unlock original fingerprint systems, which results in disruptions to their daily activities. This study explores two distinct methods for fingerprint backup: traditional fingerprint impression and 3D printing technologies. Unlocking tests were conducted on commonly available optical fingerprint lock-equipped cell phones to assess the efficacy of these methods, particularly in unlocking with worn fingerprints. The research findings indicated that the traditional fingerprint impression method exhibited high fidelity in reproducing fingerprint patterns, achieving an impressive unlocking success rate of 97.8% for imprinting unworn fingerprints. However, when dealing with worn fingerprints, the traditional fingerprint impression technique showed a reduced unlocking success rate, progressively decreasing with increasing degrees of finger wear. In contrast, 3D-printed backup fingerprints, with image processing and optimization of ridge height, mitigated the impact of fingerprint wear on the unlocking capability, resulting in an unlocking success rate of 84.4% or higher. Thus, the utilization of 3D printing technology proves advantageous for individuals with severely worn or incomplete fingerprints, providing a viable solution for unforeseen circumstances.

Managing Department Notification Using Android Application

The proposed project is a smart this project's primary goal is to automate and increase mobility in an institution's student inf. management process. In a real-world setting, like a college campus, information is communicated among the students verbally, through handwritten manuals, and by notice. Today, it is crucial for students to communicate with one another more quickly and easily by using new channels in addition to the traditional ones, including cell phone technology. Universities and colleges generally use notice boards, websites, emails and many different social media sites to circulate information, notices etc. Many time students are not able to keep track of all these sources resulting in them missing out on certain events. In order to overcome these shortcomings and ensure that students do not miss important news, an application is to design a “Department Information App” using android application. The main idea behind the application is to facilitate the discovery of events in and around institutions/organizations in order to keep everyone informed about interesting events such as conferences, workshops, internships etc. using a single application that allows students and faculty to view notifications from anywhere

Publicity governance in contingency management during the COVID-19 pandemic in China: A “Government-Society” perspective

Background Publicity is a common form of governance in government and is even more important in contingency management, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Publicity has two sides, the main body of publicity is led by the government, the object of publicity is the response to the public. So, publicity exists in the "government-society" field. Our aim was to find out how governments have been able to achieve effective publicity in the COVID-19 and to promote the active participation of society in governance. Materials and methods We adopted a case study approach. Taking Chongqing Municipality as an example, we collected 201 messages from five forms of publicity, including cell phone SMS, village (community) broadcast, publicity placards or banners, official websites, and government media platforms during the period of 2020–2021, and described and analyzed the publicity content of different forms of publicity. Results During the whole period of the COVID-19, the publicity governance under contingency management showed the characteristics of focusing on administrative efficiency, social efficiency and post-social efficiency, and showed specific publicity governance functions such as mobilization and control, education and clarification, cultivation of public consciousness and shaping government credibility. Conclusions Publicity governance in contingency management during the COVID-19 pandemic emphasizes three effective approaches: time synchronization, organizational scale, and interaction among multiple advocacy agents. This can extend the existing government-centered research to the level of interaction between the government and society, and help the government to better use effective publicity to achieve the governance task under contingency management.

Screen use while eating is associated with lower intuitive eating and higher disordered eating in Chinese adult men and women.

We aimed to explore the potential associations between screen use while eating and intuitive eating and disordered (thinness-oriented and muscularity-oriented) eating behaviors. Analyses included 600 Chinese adults (50% women; Mage = 30.67, SD = 8.08) recruited online. The use of four major screen devices was captured, including cell phones, tablets, computers, and TVs. Three types of eating behaviors were examined, namely intuitive eating, thinness-oriented disordered eating, and muscularity-oriented disordered eating. Pearson correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted separately for men and women to examine the sex-specific associations between screen use while eating and intuitive eating, thinness-oriented disordered eating, and muscularity-oriented disordered eating. In both men and women, more screen use while eating was significantly associated with lower intuitive eating, higher thinness-oriented disordered eating, and higher muscularity-oriented disordered eating, above and beyond total screen time and social media use. We found preliminary evidence for the significant links between screen use while eating and intuitive eating and disordered eating. Given the global increases in screen use, continued research is warranted to further explore the role of screen use while eating in the development and maintenance of intuitive eating and disordered eating. Much remains unknown regarding screen use while eating and eating behaviors. We found that in both Chinese men and women, more screen use while eating was significantly and uniquely associated with lower intuitive eating, higher thinness-oriented disordered eating, and higher muscularity-oriented disordered eating. Findings highlight the importance of incorporating screen use while eating in future research on intuitive eating and disordered eating.

How Do We Recognize the Same Object From Different Angles?

Visual constancy is the crucial mental ability by which we recognize an object as the same even when it may look different. If we did not have visual constancy, we would not recognize the objects around us if we saw them from a different angle, in different lighting, or from a distance. Because of visual constancy, we know an animal is an elephant whether we see it from the front or from the side. Do you think a computer could do the same? Many types of smart computers, such as smartphones and self-driving cars, also use a version of visual constancy to function in the real world. Many cybersecurity tools, like CAPTCHA, take advantage of the fact that humans are much better than robots are at tasks requiring visual constancy. Visual constancy is a learned skill, and understanding it better helps us create smarter machines, including cell phones.

A Study on Marketing Strategies of Apple

Apple Inc. is an information technology company with a wide range of products which include cell phones, computers, tablets, television products and wearable devices. According to Aljafari (2016), “Apple Inc. was established in 1976 as a computer software and hardware company, since then Apple has transitioned into the creation of other technological devices and has established a chain of retail stores to provide their customers with a better buying experience”. Apple products are sold through its retail stores, online sites, and third-party wholesaler and retailers. Apple’s mission is committed to providing the best innovations and technologies in the world. The company is also committed to protecting the environment, to ensure good health and safety of the company’s employees, customers and the global communities where they are established (Capilla, 2011). However, the company is dealing with image issues after attention was drawn on the unsafe working conditions in some of its factories in china (Chong, 2018). Therefore, this report highlights an important marketing plan that will help Apple resolve its management and marketing issues. Apple segment its customer base based on the combination of segmentation strategies, it uses Behavioral, demographic & psychographic factor in segmenting the market. Similarly, it uses nice & differentiated targeting strategies to be a top player in the smartphone market despite having expensive products as compared to other players like Samsung, LG etc.

Bentuk dan nilai rasa disfemia pada komentar netizen dalam bermedia sosial di instagram

There were several language terms used by Instagram users for exacerbating the lexical units meaning, leading to reader negative impressions. This research was focused on Instagram social media data that can be accessed as friends and in general. This research was different from previous research because most focus on one Instagram account. This research has two main objectives. First, to find out the form of dysfemia in the Instagram comment column. Second, to find out the value of dysfemia contained in the comments. This research type was qualitative with the method of content analysis. For this purpose, data was collected from all forms of netizen interactions, including comments on words, phrases and expressions. Meanwhile, the source of the research data was the conversations of Instagram users. The research instrument used was the researcher himself and a number of supporting equipment including cell phones and stationery (books and pens) were also used. Data was collected through reading and recording techniques. Then the collected data was analyzed through reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that the forms of dysphemia in the comments of Instagram users tend towards dyspnea in the form of words, phrases and expressions. Meanwhile, the value content of taste was scary, scary, disgusting, and strengthening. Future studies should compare dyspnea with euphemia. Keywords: Form, dyspnea, Instagram, netizen, sense value

Interaction-Enhanced and Time-Aware Graph Convolutional Network for Successive Point-of-Interest Recommendation in Traveling Enterprises

Extensive user check-in data incorporating user preferences for location is collected through Internet of Things (IoT) devices, including cell phones and other sensing devices in location-based social network. It can help traveling enterprises intelligently predict users' interests and preferences, provide them with scientific tourism paths, and increase the enterprises income. Thus, successive point-of-interest (POI) recommendation has become a hot research topic in augmented Intelligence of Things (AIoT). Presently, various methods have been applied to successive POI recommendations. Among them, the recurrent neural network-based approaches are committed to mining the sequence relationship between POIs, but ignore the high-order relationship between users and POIs. The graph neural network-based methods can capture the high-order connectivity, but it does not take the dynamic timeliness of POIs into account. Therefore, we propose an <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">I</b> nteraction-enhanced and <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">T</b> ime-aware <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">G</b> raph <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">C</b> onvolution <bold xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">N</b> etwork (ITGCN) for successive POI recommendation. Specifically, we design an improved graph convolution network for learning the dynamic representation of users and POIs. We also designed a self-attention aggregator to embed high-order connectivity into the node representation selectively. The enterprise management systems can predict the preferences of users, which is helpful for future planning and development. Finally, experimental results prove that ITGCN brings better results compared to the existing methods.

Privacy-Aware Point-of-Interest Category Recommendation in Internet of Things

In location-based social networks (LBSNs), extensive user check-in data incorporating user preferences for location is collected through Internet of Things devices, including cell phones and other sensing devices. However, directly acquiring the preferences of spars users remains an open challenge. This article offers a point-of-interest (POI) category recommendation model based on group preferences (PPCM). This model is proposed for three reasons: 1) because data influence the training of a deep learning model, the group influence of users is taken into account. To protect the privacy of users’ check-in records and classify similar users into the same group, locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) is used; 2) a successive POI category recommendation model should capture the long- and short-term dependence ability. The attention mechanism and a temporal sliding window are paired with the long short-term memory (LSTM). This paradigm is useful for efficiently mining users’ long-term dependencies and interests; and 3) although the overall users’ check-in data are vast, check-in location options are also massive for a single user. There is a scarcity of data that may be utilized to mine user interests. Thus, instead of using POI, we leverage the POI category to better mine the user’s interests. On real check-in data sets from New York City and Tokyo, the PPCM is compared to other models. The comparison results indicate that the PPCM has improved recommendation performance.

Assessing the Impact of Hands-Free Georgia on Serious Motor Vehicle Accidents.

Hands-Free Georgia Law (HB673) was designed to prevent motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) by banning drivers from using their hands for non-driving-related activities, including cell phone use. We investigate HB673 effect on trauma activations secondary to MVCs in Georgia. The Georgia Trauma Registry (GTR) was queried for MVCs from 2017 to 2019, representing the 18months prior and following implementation of HB673. The number of MVCs for each period and severity of MVC designated by the average injury severity score (ISS) for each trauma activation were collected. Prior to implementation, a total of 43080 traumas were recorded in GTR, 11111 (25.8%) were attributed to an MVC. Following implementation, 12130 (23.6%) occurred secondary to MVCs. Statewide MVC-related traumas per 1000 residents increased from 1.07 to 1.14 with increased mortality rate and unchanged median ISS per MVC. The Hands-Free Georgia Law seems to have not had a major reduction in mortality in its early implementation.

The Influence of Social Media on Adolescent Suicide: Is It All Bad?

Current daily practices in many emergency departments throughout the United States include providing emergency stabilization and psychiatric care for adolescents presenting with suicidal ideations and attempts. Upon presentation for care, standard nursing practices are to initiate suicide precautions. These precautions include removing all personal items from the patient, including cell phones or other electronic devices and with it, their access to social media. Although many believe this removal gives adolescents a necessary break from their peers and the social pressures associated with adolescence in the 21st century, is this practice supported by current evidence? And does it benefit adolescents, or provide additional psychological stress and anxiety, thus exacerbating their current state of crisis? The current literature review examines these questions and reveals contradictory evidence supporting detrimental and constructive effects of social media removal during adolescent emergency treatment for suicidal behaviors. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61(4), 12-17.].

Maximum Co-Location Patterns of Mining Based on Count-Ordered Citations-Analysis of Spatial Databases

Searching for the spatial co-area that shows up as often as possible in neighboring space is generally utilized in numerous areas, including cell phone administrations and traffic the board. To accomplish this objective, the SGCT calculation further develops different calculations which use tables to find applicant sets. It utilizes an undirected chart to mine up-and-comers of the maximal co-area designs first, then, at that point, utilizes a dense tree design to store example clubs of competitors. In any case, as how much information develops, the SGCT calculation might store enormous number of hubs during the time spent producing the tree. In this paper, we propose another system which will think about the quantity of occasions of every occasion. We propose a Count-Ordered Instances-tree to record competitors of connection sets. From our trial results, we show that our methodology needs more limited time and costs less extra room than the SGCT calculation.

Screen Time and Mental Health Among Adolescents: Implications of the Rise in Digital Environment in South Africa.

The rise in use of digital technology among adolescents is unquestionable, with few studies having explored the effect of screen time on mental or behavior challenges in sub-Saharan Africa. We investigated the extent of screen time and its associations with mental/behavior challenges in South Africa. A multisite study was conducted among adolescents aged 15 to 17 years from three government schools in KwaZulu-Natal Province, South Africa. Measures included depressive symptoms (using Patient Health Questionnaire-9), behavioral problems (using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire), and screen time (using Children's Leisure Activities Study Survey). The prevalence of severe depressive symptoms, conduct features, and negative prosocial behavior was 11.2% (n = 20), 13.6% (n = 25), and 4.9% (n = 9), respectively. The mean screen time was 2.1 h/d (SD = 2.4) during weekday and 4.7 h/d (SD = 5.5) during weekend. Weekend screen time was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of severe depression and conduct challenges, based on multivariable regression. We also found that greater weekend cell phone use was significantly associated with lower prosocial behavior. No role of weekday screen time was detected in this study. Parents or legal guardians need to be aware of their children's weekend screen time, including cell phones, as access to digital devices becomes more ubiquitous in resource-limited settings.

Evaluation of a Brief Intervention to Reduce Mobile Phone Use in College Students

Objectives Excessive mobile phone use contributes to distracted driving, may increase risk for automobile accidents, and a minority of mobile phone users exhibit behaviors consistent with technological addiction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether cell phone beliefs and behaviors could be changed by a brief educational encounter. The Theory of Reasoned Action provided a lens for viewing attitudes and behavior. Methods A one-week pre-post design with a thirty-day follow-up was used with participants (N = 215, 67.0% female, age = 20.0 + 1.6) assigned to a peer-led intervention or comparison group. The intervention included cell phone educational materials regarding the potential for negative health effects of mobile phone use. A short index of cell phone behavior was developed which showed good internal consistency with a Cronbach’s α of .81. Results The intervention group “agreed” or “strongly-agreed” more than the comparison group on five of the seven areas of cell phone beliefs and behaviors ( P &lt; 0.05, item Cohen’s d = .32 to .47, total d = .50) at one week following receipt of educational materials. Conclusions We conclude that attitudes and behaviors regarding mobile phones are malleable and susceptible to change in young adults following a brief psychoeducational intervention.

Enhancement of Security in Wireless Sensor Network by Using Trust Evaluation and TCP/IP Based Technology

Today Wireless network technology are widely used technology in many organizations. Wireless LANs transmit and receive data without physical channel means over the air so no need for a wired connection. For this radio frequency (RF) technology is used. Without any cables attached, a wireless network allows devices to remain linked to the network. The main advantage of wireless network is that it is typically cheaper, simpler, quicker to set up as wireless network does not require expensive wiring. Mainly radio communication is used to implement wireless communication networks. At physical level of OSI model network structure this implementation takes place. Examples of wireless networks include cell phone networks, Wi-Fi local networks &amp; terrestrial microwave networks. The advent of wireless sensor network has given birth to new kinds of routing algorithms and new security threats.

Static magnetic field measurements of smart phones and watches and applicability to triggering magnet modes in implantable pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators

Implantable pacemakers and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) are designed to include a "magnet mode" feature that can be activated from magnets stronger than 10 G. This feature is designed to be used when a patient is undergoing a procedure where electromagnetic interference is possible, or anytime suspension of tachycardia detection and therapy is needed. A publication in Heart Rhythm demonstrates an iPhone 12 triggering the magnet mode of a Medtronic ICD. The purpose of this study is to determine the separation distance between consumer electronic devices that may create magnetic interference, including cell phones and smart watches, and implantable pacemakers and ICDs where magnet mode can be triggered. The static magnetic fields of the iPhone 12 models and Apple Watch were measured at several planes in 1 cm resolution using an FW Bell 5180 Gauss Meter with STD18-0404 Transverse probe (unidirectional probe). All iPhone 12 and Apple Watch 6 models tested have static magnetic fields significantly greater than 10 G in close proximity (1-11 mm), which attenuates to below 10 G between 11 and 20 mm. The findings of this study support the US Food and Drug Administration recommendation that patients keep any consumer electronic devices that may create magnetic interference, including cell phones and smart watches, at least 6 inches away from implanted medical devices, in particular pacemakers and cardiac defibrillators.

Trataka Kriya in Individuals with Digital Eye Strain: A Pre–Post Experimental Design

Abstract Introduction Digital eye strain is the physical discomfort felt after 2 or more hours in front of a digital screen, including cell phones. Digital eye strain is otherwise known as computer vision syndrome. Trataka is to look at or to gaze—it is a preliminary step for meditation that involves staring at a single point such as a small object, black dot, or candle flame. Objective This study aimed to analyze the effect of trataka kriya in the management of digital eye strain. Materials and Methods Thirty participants of the age group 18 to 40 years were recruited in the study. The study design was a pre–post experiment. A convenient sampling technique was used to recruit the participants. The study included participants who use laptops or smartphones for a minimum of 2 hours daily and also participants having eye strain, dry eyes, burning sensation in the eyes, headache, and eye fatigue. They performed trataka kriya exercises once a day on alternative days for 1 month. Outcome measures was a computer vision syndrome questionnaire to assess the visual fatigue experienced by the study participants and the Schrimer test to find out whether the eye produces enough tears to keep it moist. Statistical Analysis and Results Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16.0. To compare the computer vision syndrome questionnaire and Schrimer test before and after interventions paired t-test was used. A p-value of less than 0.05 is considered significant for the study. Conclusion The study concludes that there was an improvement in the subjects with digital eye strain after performing trataka kriya. The clinical implication of the study is that this method can be used as one of the nonpharmacological interventions for digital eye strain.

Rethinking Cell Phone Use While Driving: Isolated Risk Behavior or a Pattern of Risk-Taking Associated with Impulsivity in Young Drivers?

This study examines whether cell phone use stands apart from a general pattern of risky driving practices associated with crashes and impulsivity-related personality traits in young drivers. A retrospective online survey study recruited 384 young drivers from across the United States using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to complete a survey measuring risky driving practices (including cell phone use), history of crashes, and impulsivity-related personality traits. Almost half (44.5%) of the drivers reported being involved in at least one crash, and the majority engaged in cell phone use while driving (up to 73%). Factor analysis and structural equation modeling found that cell phone use loaded highly on a latent factor with other risky driving practices that were associated with prior crashes (b = 0.15, [95% CI: 0.01, 0.29]). There was also an indirect relationship between one form of impulsivity and crashes through risky driving (b = 0.127, [95% CI: 0.01, 0.30]). Additional analyses did not find an independent contribution to crashes for frequent cell phone use. These results suggest a pattern of risky driving practices associated with impulsivity in young drivers, indicating the benefit of exploring a more comprehensive safe driving strategy that includes the avoidance of cell phone use as well as other risky practices, particularly for young drivers with greater impulsive tendencies.