Incipient Wetness Impregnation Method Research Articles

Simple preparation of uniformly distributed mesoporous Cr/TiO2 microspheres for low-temperature catalytic combustion of chlorobenzene

In this study, novel Cr/TiO2 porous microspheres (h-CrTi) with uniform distribution were successfully prepared by one-step hydrothermal method. For comparative purposes, two other Cr/TiO2 composites were prepared by means of incipient-wetness impregnation (i-CrTi) and co-precipitation (c-CrTi) methods, respectively. The obtained materials were characterized by XRD, BET, XPS, SEM, HRTEM and H2-TPR. The results revealed that h-CrTi0.4 possessed more high valent Cr species and surface-adsorbed oxygen, better crystallinity and Cr species dispersion than i-CrTi0.4 and c-CrTi0.4. These indicated strong interactions between Cr and Ti in h-CrTi0.4 due to better contact. The catalytic activities of the as-obtained materials were tested towards the catalytic combustion of chlorobenzene (CB). The h-CrTi0.4 catalyst possessed not only the best catalytic performance (r = 31.50 × 10−3 μmol·m−2·min−1 at 200 °C at GHSV 15,000 h−1) but also lowest apparent activation energy (55.12 kJ/mol). The TPSR-MS data indicated that h-CrTi0.4 has high ability for removing adsorbed Cl species. h-CrTi0.4 showed stable activity without obvious decrease in CB conversion within 1000 min, which could also degrade dichloromethane (DCM), 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) and trichloroethylene (TCE) effectively. Therefore, Cr/TiO2 porous microspheres look promising materials for catalytic removal of chlorinated volatile organic pollutants.

Poisoning effects of lead species on the V2O5‐WO3/TiO2 type NH3‐selective catalytic reduction catalyst

AbstractHeavy metal Pb is an inevitable ingredient of coal‐fired flue gas and has been proven to be a source of inhibiting effect on the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst. In this paper, two types of Pb‐poisoned catalyst, prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation and solid diffusion methods, are studied to unveil the poisoning effects of lead species on the V2O5‐WO3/TiO2 catalyst. The activity test results showed that lead species loaded by the incipient wetness impregnation method exhibited a significant inhibiting effect on the denitrification efficiency of the catalyst although a negligible activity loss was observed on the samples from the solid diffusion method. Characterizations of fresh and Pb‐poisoned catalysts from incipient wetness impregnation method were applied using comprehensive techniques such as X‐Ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), X‐ray fluorescence (XRF), NH3‐temperature programmed desorption (NH3‐TPD), X‐Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and so forth. The analytical results indicated that a phase transformation occurred in tungsten species and the amorphous WO3 converted into PbWO4, causing the accumulation and valence imbalance of active vanadium phase, which further decreased the surface acidity and activity of the V2O5‐WO3/TiO2 catalyst.

Catalytic CO Methanation over Mesoporous ZSM5 with Different Metal Promoters

The carbon monoxide methanation has possessed huge potential as an effective method to produce synthetic natural gas (SNG). The basic requirements such as high catalytic activity at low temperatures (<500 °C) and high stability throughout all temperatures is needed for an ideal methanation catalysts. The ultimate goal of the study is to examine the influential of different metal promoters towards catalytic properties and catalytic CO methanation performance. A series of metal promoters (Rh, Co, Pd and Zn) mesoporous ZSM5 were synthesized using an incipient-wetness impregnation method and evaluated for catalytic CO methanation. XRD analysis showed that only metal oxides and no metallic phase of Rh, Co, Pd, and Zn were observed. The nitrogen physisorption analysis showed that mZSM5 possessed high surface area and micro-mesoporosity with intra- and interparticle pores. FESEM analysis illustrated that mZSM5 had typical coffin-type morphology and Rh metal dispersed on the surface of the support was confirmed by EDX analysis. Moreover, Rh (CO conversion = 95%, CH4 yield = 82%) and Co (CO conversion = 91%, CH4 yield = 71%) promoters showed significant improvement in CO methanation. On the other hand, Pd (CO conversion = 18%, CH4 yield = 12%) and Zn (CO conversion = 10%, CH4 yield = 9%) promoters had only low benefit to the CO methanation. This study affirmed that the catalytic activity of CO methanation was influenced by the variation in the type of metal loading due to different nature of metallic phases and their synergistic interaction with the supporting material.

Tuning electron density of metal nickel by support defects in Ni/ZrO2 for selective hydrogenation of fatty acids to alkanes and alcohols

Catalysts with tunable activity and selectivity to targeted products are highly demanded when using complex biomass-based resources for the production of fuels and chemicals. Here we synthesize a series of Ni/ZrO2 catalysts, denoted as iwi-Ni/m-ZrO2, pc-Ni/t-ZrO2 and pfc-Ni/t-ZrO2, prepared by incipient-wetness impregnation (iwi), positive co-precipitation (pc) and parallel flow co-precipitation (pfc) methods, respectively, with the purpose to tune the electron density of nickel in the Ni/ZrO2 catalysts for the selective hydrogenation of fatty acids to fuel-like alkanes or fatty alcohols. The structural and electronic properties of the catalysts are systematically investigated by N2 adsorption, XRD, H2-TPR, H2-TPD, HRTEM, XPS, in situ FTIR, and DFT calculations. The catalytic performance shows that monoclinic ZrO2 supported nickel catalysts (iwi-Ni/m-ZrO2) exhibit the highest selectivity to 1-octadecanol but the lowest selectivity to n-heptadecane, while tetragonal ZrO2 supported nickel catalysts (pc-Ni/t-ZrO2 and pfc-Ni/t-ZrO2), especially the latter possess the highest selectivity to n-heptadecane with the lowest selectivity to 1-octadecanol. This variation in the selectivity is found correlated with the oxygen deficiency of ZrO2 support which affects the electron density of supported Ni metals. Charge transfer from the support to metal occurs on all the three catalysts, which stems from the electrons trapped in the oxygen vacancies after removing the interfacial O atom in the process of reduction of the ZrO2 support. The negatively charged metal Ni promotes the heterolysis of hydrogen and the subsequent hydrogenation of adsorbed fatty acids to aldehyde intermediate. Ni metals of much higher excess electron density on m-ZrO2 (due to its higher reducibility) further catalyze the hydrogenation of the C=O bond of aldehyde to 1-octadecanol while Ni metals with approximate excess electron density on t-ZrO2 preferentially catalyze the cleavage of the C−CHO bond to produce n-heptadecane.

Cr doped mesoporous silica spheres for propane dehydrogenation in the presence of CO2: Effect of Cr adding time in sol-gel process

Abstract CrOX-doped mesoporous silica spheres (Cr/MSS-X) were prepared by adding Cr precursors at different preparation stages using sol-gel method (X = 1, 2, 3) and incipient-wetness impregnation method (X = 4), and their catalytic performances of propane oxidative dehydrogenation were evaluated in the presence of CO2. The results indicate that for the Cr/MSS-X catalysts prepared by sol-gel method, Cr adding time significantly influences the Cr dispersion, surface physic-chemical properties and their catalytic performance. Cr/MSS-2 catalysts obtained by adding Cr precursor after the tetraethyl-orthosilicate (TEOS) show the optimal catalytic activity. Although Cr/MSS-1 also shows good CrOX dispersion, part CrOX wrapped in the center of mesoporous silica spheres presents weaker catalytic activity. In this work, the catalyst preparation method is quite facile and has the potential to be utilized for industrial production.

Magnetic Fe3O4 supported PdAu bimetallic nanoparticles with the enhanced catalytic activity for Heck and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions

The PdAu bimetallic nanocrystals supported on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (PdAu/Fe3O4) were synthesized by a facile incipient wetness impregnation method. The as-synthesized bimetallic catalyst PdAu/Fe3O4 exhibits significantly enhanced catalytic properties for Heck cross-coupling reaction under aerobic condition compared to the monometallic counterparts. The enhanced catalytic activity is attributed to the low-alloyed structure with a Pd-rich shell and an Au-rich core as well as the synergistic effect between Pd and Au according to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results. Also, the cycle performance of the magnetic catalyst was evaluated. Reasonable yield was achieved after 6 cycles. In addition, the catalytic behavior of PdAu/Fe3O4 for Suzuki reaction was investigated, providing excellent yield and moderate cycle performance. These results suggest the magnetic bimetallic catalyst PdAu/Fe3O4 is a promising catalyst for Heck and Suzuki cross-coupling reactions.

Plasma-catalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride over Mn/γ-Al2O3 catalysts in a dielectric barrier discharge reactor

A coaxial dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor was used for plasma-catalytic degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride over a series of Mn/γ-Al2O3 catalysts prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method. The combination of plasma and the Mn/γ-Al2O3 catalysts significantly enhanced the degradation efficiency of tetracycline hydrochloride compared to the plasma process alone, with the 10% Mn/γ-Al2O3 catalyst exhibiting the best tetracycline hydrochloride degradation efficiency. A maximum degradation efficiency of 99.3% can be achieved after 5 min oxidation and a discharge power of 1.3 W, with only 69.7% by a single plasma process. The highest energy yield of the plasma-catalytic process is 91.7 g kWh−1. Probable reaction mechanisms of the plasma-catalytic removal of tetracycline hydrochloride were also proposed.

Barrier effect of SiO2 shell over hollow CeO2/CuO@SiO2 catalysts for broadening temperature window of total CO conversion

The hollow inverse CeO2/CuO@SiO2 catalysts with different Ce/Cu mass ratios were synthesized by the two-step hydrothermal and incipient wetness impregnation methods, and characterized by multi-technique characterizations, such as SEM, TEM, XRD, H2-TPR, XPS and N2 adsorption-desorption techniques. It is found that the hollow shell is composed of CuO and SiO2, and CeO2 nanoparticles are coated on the surface of CuO@SiO2 support. And the CeO2/CuO@SiO2 catalyst with the Ce/Cu mass ratios of 1:1 denoted as 1CeO2/CuO@SiO2, which possesses a maximum amount of highly dispersed copper species and medium-sized CuO as well as the highest concentration of oxygen vacancies, exhibits the highest catalytic activity and widest full CO conversion window. The barrier effect of the SiO2 shell effectively prevents the reduction of CuO species, which broadens temperature window of CO total conversion and enhances CO2 selectivity above 155 °C over the 1CeO2/CuO@SiO2 catalyst in comparison with the CuOCeO2 and CeO2CuO catalysts.

Elemental Mercury Removal by MnO2 Nanoparticle-Decorated Carbon Nitride Nanosheet

Carbon nitride nanosheet (CNNS) is facilely synthesized via a two-step thermal oxidative etching approach and then decorated with MnO2 nanoparticles via incipient wetness impregnation method for Hg...

Effects of the Active Phase of CoMo/γ-Al2O3 Catalysts Modified Using Cerium and Phosphorus on the HDS Performance for FCC Gasoline

The modified CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalysts with different Ce and/or P loading were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method. The catalysts were characterized using X-ray fluorescence spectros...

Synergetic Effect of Ultrasmall Metal Clusters and Zeolites Promoting Hydrogen Generation.

Taking advantage of the synergetic effect of confined ultrasmall metal clusters and zeolite frameworks is an efficient strategy for improving the catalytic performance of metal nanocatalysts. Herein, it is demonstrated that the synergetic effect of ultrasmall ruthenium (Ru) clusters and intrinsic Brønsted acidity of zeolite frameworks can significantly promote the hydrogen generation of ammonia borane (AB) hydrolysis. Ultrasmall Ru clusters are embedded onto the silicoaluminophosphate SAPO‐34 (CHA) and various aluminosilicate zeolites (MFI, *BEA, and FAU) with tunable acidities by a facile incipient wetness impregnation method. Evidenced by high‐resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy, the sub‐nanometric Ru clusters are uniformly distributed throughout the zeolite crystals. The X‐ray absorption spectroscopy measurements reveal the existence of Ru‐H species between Ru clusters and adjacent Brønsted acid sites of zeolites, which could synergistically activate AB and water molecules, significantly enhancing the hydrogen evolution rate of AB hydrolysis. Notably, the Ru/SAPO‐34‐0.8Si (Si/Al = 0.8) and Ru/FAU (Si/Al = 30) catalysts with strong acidities afford high turnover frequency values up to 490 and 627 min−1, respectively. These values are more than a 13‐fold enhancement than that of the commercial Ru/C catalyst, and among the top level over other heterogeneous catalysts tested under similar conditions.

Activated carbon supported bimetallic catalysts with combined catalytic effects for aromatic nitro compounds hydrogenation under mild conditions

Non-noble nickel catalysts have been widely studied and tried in hydrogenation, however the problem of nickel particle sintering is more and more common in high-loaded nickel catalysts. A series of highly dispersed bimetallic Ni-M/AC (M = Cu, Co, Fe or Zn) catalysts were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation methods and applied in 1-nitronaphthalene hydrogenation to 1-naphthylamine under mild reaction conditions. The prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD, BET, H2-TPR, TEM, HRTEM, HAADF-STEM, XPS, ICP, FT-IR and H2 chemisorption. The results show that the introduction of the metal promoter inhibits the sintering of the nickel and enhances the reducibility of the catalysts, leading to higher ratio of effective Ni° on the surface of the support, especially for Ni-Zn/AC sample. Moreover, the results of XPS indicate that the electron donating effect of Cu promoter increases surface electronic density of Ni, as a result, the electron-rich Ni might be produced because of the interfacial electronic effect, which favors the desorption and further impedes the hydrogenation of N-naphthylhydroxylamine. Ni-Zn/AC-350 with smaller nickel particles, better dispersion and larger content of effective Ni° presents the best catalytic performance in 1-nitronaphthalene hydrogenation to 1-naphthylamine under mild reaction conditions, it gives 100% conversion of 1-nitronaphthalene and 96.82% selectivity to 1-naphthylamine under 0.6 MPa and 90℃ for 5 h. Additionally, superior performances are also obtained in hydrogenation reactions of nitrobenzene, chloronitrobenzene, 1,5-dinitronaphthalene and 1,8-dinitronaphthalene over Ni-Zn/AC catalysts. With good hydrogenation activity the catalyst shows, the application prospect in industrial production of aromatic amine from aromatic nitro compounds has been becoming more and more extension.

The hydroisomerization of n-decane over Pd/SAPO-11 bifunctional catalysts: The effects of templates on characteristics and catalytic performances

Two series of pure SAPO-11 silicoaluminophosphates (S11-B(x) and S11-P(x)) with different SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratios are synthesized by employing Di-n-butylamine (DBA) and Di-n-propylamine (DPA) templates, respectively. The effects of templates on the physicochemical properties of SAPO-11 samples are investigated by XRD, N2-adsorption, SEM, XRF, 29Si MAS NMR and Py-IR measurements. The results demonstrate that S11-B(x) samples reveal different morphology and lower strong Brønsted acid density compared with S11-P(x) samples. In addition, the linear correlation between detected and calculated total Brønsted acid densities of all samples is established. The Pd/S11-B(x) and Pd/S11-P(x) bifunctional catalysts are prepared by depositing 0.5 wt% Pd on SAPO-11 samples via the incipient wetness impregnation and hydrogen reduction methods and the n-decane hydroisomerization over all catalysts are tested. The catalytic results suggest that, due to the larger CPd/CH+ ratios and fewer strong Brønsted acid sites, Pd/S11-B(x) catalysts show higher yield of i-decanes compared with Pd/S11-P(x) catalysts, while the Pd/S11-B(0.4) shows the highest i-decanes yield of 76.75% among all catalysts. The results of long-term tests of 120 h suggest that Pd/S11-B(0.4) catalyst also has better stability because of slighter aggregation of Pd metal particles and fewer blockages of micropore openings.

What is the Effect of Promoter Loading on Alkalized Bimetallic Co-Mo Catalyst for Higher Alcohols Synthesis from Syngas?

Manganese and nickel co-modified K/Co/MoS2 catalysts supported on graphene were prepared by incipient wetness impregnation method for application in higher alcohol synthesis (HAS). All catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorptiondesorption, temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effect of promoters, as well as supports on higher alcohol synthesis production from syngas, was investigated in a fixed bed reactor. The process was performed with an molar ratio H2 : CO = 1 : 1, operating pressure and temperature of 4 MPa and 330 °C, respectively, and gas hourly space velocity (GHSV) 3.84 m3 (STP)/(kgcat.·h) as reaction conditions (STP – standard temperature and pressure). Results originated from practical works showed that the addition of Ni to the graphene-based catalyst increased HAS production and decreased methanol formation. The total alcohols space-time yield (STY) and alcohol selectivity on Ni/Mn/Co/Mo/K/graphene catalyst reached a maximum at 0.41 galc./(gcat.·h) and 63.51 %, respectively, which is higher than the same composition over alumina supported catalyst.

Effect of Li promoter on FeMn/CNTs for light olefins from syngas

FeMnLi/CNTs catalysts with different Li content were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method for light olefins from syngas and investigated by N2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, H2-TPR, CO2-TPD and Mӧssbauer techniques. The addition of Li increased the surface basicity of catalysts and promoted the transformation of Fe3+ specious and formation of active phase, χ-Fe5C2, which was favorable to CO conversion and light olefins selectivity. The best catalytic performance was achieved over 8Fe8Mn1.5Li catalyst with CO conversion of 14.18% and light olefins selectivity of 48.42%.

Catalytic combustion of methyl ethyl ketone over paper-like microfibrous entrapped MnOx/AC catalyst

A novel MnOx-deposited paper-like stainless steel fibers entrapped activated carbon catalyst (Mn-GAC/PSSF) was synthesized by papermaking technology and incipient wetness impregnation (IM) method for methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) combustion, and Mn-deposited granular activated carbon catalyst (Mn-GAC) was prepared simultaneously as a contrast. Characterization of all the samples were carried out by using X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), H2-Temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). SEM showed that the Mn oxides on the carbons were relatively well distributed as that on the stainless steel fibers. XPS indicated that the Mn coexisted as Mn3+ and Mn4+. The catalytic activity test for MEK combustion was carried out at atmospheric pressure in a continuous fixed bed stainless steel tube reactor, the results revealed that the Mn-GAC/PSSF catalysts were much more active than Mn-GAC catalyst due to the properties of excellent mass transfer and contacting efficiency offered by PSSF structure, and exhibited high selectivity for complete oxidation of intermediates. Catalyst with higher Mn loading presented higher catalyst activity, the conversion of MEK reached to 90% at 521 K over the 30%-Mn-GAC/PSSF catalysts, while it was 566 K and 530 K over the 10%-Mn-GAC/PSSF catalyst and 20%-Mn-GAC catalyst, respectively.

Effect of rare earth element (Ln = La, Pr, Sm, and Y) on physicochemical properties of the Ni/Ln2Ti2O7 catalysts for the steam reforming of methane

Ln2Ti2O7 (Ln = La, Pr, Sm, and Y) and Ni/Ln2Ti2O7 catalysts were prepared using the co-precipitation and incipient wetness impregnation methods, respectively. XRD and Raman results reveal that with the decrease in rA/rB ratio of A2B2O7 (A = La, Pr, Sm, and Y; B = Ti), the crystal structure transformed from the monoclinic layered perovskite (La2Ti2O7 and Pr2Ti2O7) to the ordered pyrochlore (Sm2Ti2O7 and Y2Ti2O7). H2-TPR results demonstrate that the active Ni species had a stronger interaction with Sm2Ti2O7 or Y2Ti2O7 than with La2Ti2O7 or Pr2Ti2O7. Therefore, smaller Ni crystallites with larger active metallic surface areas could be formed in the Ni/Sm2Ti2O7 and Ni/Y2Ti2O7 catalysts. XPS results indicate that the oxygen vacancies and oxygen mobility were also gradually enhanced with the decrease in rA/rB ratio. As a consequence, the Ni/Y2Ti2O7 sample exhibited the highest catalytic activity and the best coke-resistant ability in the steam reforming of methane for hydrogen production among all of the catalysts. It is concluded that the change in A-site element influenced the structures of Ln2Ti2O7 significantly, which ultimately affected catalytic performance of Ni/Ln2Ti2O7 for the steam reforming of methane.

Effects of Molecular and Electronic Structures in CoOx/CeO2 Catalysts on NO Reduction by CO

Ceria-supported transition metal oxide (such as CoOx) catalysts are promising, more cost-effective candidates to replace platinum group metal catalysts in the NO reduction process. A series of CoOx (0.2–31.3 Co/nm2) catalysts supported on CeO2 were prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method and were tested for NO reduction by CO reaction in this work. Various characterization techniques, including Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, Raman spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) were used to investigate the molecular and electronic structures of CoOx/CeO2 catalysts. It was observed that there are structural changes with varied Co loadings, such as (1) sub-monolayer: 2.7 Co/nm2. The highest molar rate was observed at the 2.7 Co/nm2 sample. In the case of over-monolayer samples, such as 7.1 Co/nm2, the oxidation state of Co aff...

Improving of cold-start and combustion emissions in lean NO conditions with active and selective AgAl mesoporous catalysts

Mesoporous AgAl-MCM41 catalytic adsorbents were synthesized. Template-ion exchange (tie) and incipient wet impregnation (iwi) methods were employed to incorporate Ag. The presence of non-structural and structural Ag(I) ionic species were detected. As the former refers to the ions that occupy an active site, the latter are part of the support hexagonal network. In addition, Ag2O nanoparticles were observed.The samples were used in C7H8 adsorption at 100 °C and in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with toluene as reductant and H2O. The maximum NOx conversion was achieved with AgAl-iwi catalyst. Under dry conditions, a conversion of 84% was reported. With 2 or 10% H2O, the conversion was maintained between 80 and 90% and it is maintained at 70% after 50 h of reaction and successive cycles of water incorporation. In addition, the amount of toluene adsorbed follows the next order: AgAl-iwi > AgAl-tie > Al-MCM41 > MCM41. Instead, the quantity of C7H8 desorbed by the AgAl-tie is 34% above 400 °C. The AgAl-iwi solid show a ratio between the adsorbed and desorbed toluene of 99% in a wide range of temperature. This behavior is due to the presence of non-structural Ag(I) ions, which are the adsorption sites for the toluene.Comparing the performance of these materials with the AgNa-mordenite, the AgAl-iwi is more active catalyst and effective adsorbent between 100 and 550 °C. Thus, the mesoporous structure allows a better dispersion of the active sites, as well as the diffusion of toluene.

Morphology‐Controllable Hexagonal‐Phase Indium Oxide In Situ Structured onto a Thin‐Felt Al2O3/Al‐Fiber for the Hydrogenation of CO2 to Methanol

Indium oxide is as a promising catalyst for the hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol. Previous studies mainly focused on the cubic‐phase In2O3 (C‐In2O3), but the hexagonal‐phase In2O3 (H‐In2O3) with a corundum structure has been rarely studied because of the difficulty in its synthesis. Herein, the morphology‐controllable H‐In2O3 in situ structured onto a thin‐felt Al2O3/Al‐fiber is prepared by a facile mixed solvothermal method. The amount of H‐In2O3 is strongly dependent on the urea/In molar ratio during the mixed solvothermal synthesis. The optimal catalyst obtained at a urea/In ratio of 4.5 possesses the highest amounts of oxygen vacancy and strong basic site. Such catalyst achieves a turnover frequency of 47.8 h−1 (the number of CO2 converted into methanol per oxygen vacancy site per hour) and is stable for at least 200 h, being capable of converting 4.4% CO2 into methanol at a selectivity of 67.6% at 325 °C (or higher selectivity at the expense of conversion below 325 °C) with a methanol space time yield of 0.20 gMeOH gcat−1 h−1. In contrast, the microfibrous‐structured C‐In2O3 (prepared by the incipient wetness impregnation method) delivers a very low methanol selectivity of only 36.8% under identical reaction conditions. In situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy experiments reveal that the H‐In2O3/Al2O3/Al‐fiber catalyzes CO2‐to‐methanol conversion through formate intermediates.