Violent Incidents Research Articles

“Get ‘Em Out”: The Constitutive Violence of Trump Rallies

Drawing upon rhetorical fieldwork conducted at Trump rallies, I interpret the violent incidents at Trump rallies as rhetorical texts to argue that the recurring violent confrontations between Trump supporters and protestors operated rhetorically, by solidifying in-groups and out-groups, and bolstering Trump’s authoritarian narratives of a collapsing nation in need of a “strongman” to restore law and order. Aside from improving understanding of Trump’s appeal, this essay elucidates how violence can be used to persuade and shape social relations.

TELEMEDICINE AND MEDICAL MALPRACTICE

Digitization in healthcare covers many topics such as artificial intelligence, robotic surgery, wearable health technologies, nanotechnology, 3D printers, virtual reality applications, electronic prescription, and remote health delivery services (telemedicine). Among these developments, telemedicine is one of the applications that are expected to cause significant changes in the classical patient-physician relationship in the near future. Telemedicine is defined as the use of electronic information and communication technologies to provide and support health services in situations where distance is a problem. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), telemedicine applications are divided into five main categories: teleradiology, teledermatology, telepathology, telepsychiatry, and telemonitorization. Due to the increasing need and demand after the COVID-19 epidemic in Turkey, the "Regulation on the Delivery of Remote Health Services" was published in the Official Gazette dated 10.02.2022. Telemedicine applications, which are fast, effective and financially sustainable healthcare services, have various advantages and disadvantages. This system offers main advantages such as increasing the quality of health services, decreasing economic costs, providing equally accessible health services to everyone, including those living in different age groups and/or rural areas, alleviating the workload of the emergency service, and preventing the increasing incidence of violence in health. Besides lack of face-to-face communication, insurance payment coverage, and digital security problems are the possible disadvantages of the system. The lack of the necessary legal infrastructure and the new implementation of telemedicine pose significant risks in terms of malpractice. In addition to informed consent, diagnosis, follow-up, treatment, consultation, and medical record processes, in these cases, it is important for medical malpractice evaluation to reveal the differences between telemedicine from classical medical education teachings and to draw its legal framework clearly. In our study, it is planned to guide the possible processes in Turkey by considering the approaches to malpractice in the practices of countries where telemedicine is applied.

Development of model schools and practices for minimizing violence among students

ABSTRACT Violence among students in Thai society is a growing concern. This study aimed to develop model schools to address violence, evaluate their effectiveness, and propose a scalable practice model. Nine vocational schools in Bangkok implemented a participatory action research (PAR) approach using the PAOR cycle. Surveys, focus groups, and observations collected data, which underwent qualitative and quantitative analysis. Results showed that, compared to the previous year, two schools had no violent incidents, two saw a 50% reduction, and five achieved a 100% reduction in violence. Qualitative findings indicated improvements in student behavior, management systems, and collaboration networks. Key success factors included personnel commitment, strong networks, and adaptable management. The study created the ‘3S3C Practice Model,’ which integrates core activities with ‘T.E.A.M. Principles’ to enhance implementation. This model offers a framework for reducing student violence. Future research should focus on validating its applicability and scalability in diverse educational settings.

Physical violence: crime or cultural protégé?

South Africa has a dark history with regards to the violation of human rights. Sloth-Nielsen "Child Justice" in Boezaart (ed) Child Law in South Africa (2017) 682 states that racialised justice was at the order of the day. Almost 30 years since the dawn of democracy, not enough has changed and the country is currently plagued by a scourge of gender-based violence. The devastating impact of sexual violence on victims is well documented. In Maila v The State [2023] ZASCA 3 the court stated that "sexual violence victims often experience a profound sense of shame, stigma and violation". As recent as 5 April 2022, the Constitutional Court condemned "the horrific reality that this country has for far too long been, and continues to be, plagued by a scourge of gender-based violence to a degree that few countries in the world can compare" (AK v Minister of Police 2022 (11) BCLR 1307 (CC) 1312. See also Maila v The State 11 and Khambule v S [2023] ZAKZPHC 35.) In Petersen v The State [2023] ZASCA 26, a 9-year-old child was violently and brutally raped. After raping her, the appellant had cut the child's throat with a piece of glass. She had, however, already died as result of asphyxiation due to strangulation by the appellant. The second and third counts of rape and murder were committed while he was out on bail for the first offence. In Tshabalala v S; Ntuli v S 2020 (5) SA 1 (CC) 17 the same Court held that "[h]ardly a day passes without any incident of gender-based violence being reported. This scourge has reached alarming proportions. It is sad and a bad reflection of our society that 25 years into our constitutional democracy, underpinned by a Bill of Rights, which places a premium on the right to equality and the right to human dignity, we are still grappling with what is a scourge in our nation". Mkhize and Vilakazi "Rethinking gender and conduits of control: A feminist review" 2021 SAJHR 1 state that "the war on women, their bodies and their right to self-determination persists, irrespective of the Constitution" and that many of South Africa's contemporary social institutions, including culture, normalise forms of gendered violence and the exploitation of women's lives and bodies through cultural practices like ukuthwala. For far too long has physical violence, and gender- based violence in particular, escaped the full might of the penal machinery under the cloak of culture.

Perspectives of physicians on risk factors for patient aggression and violence against physicians in Chinese hospitals: a Q-methodology study

BackgroundThe prevalence of patient (and their relatives/friends) aggression and violence against healthcare professionals in general, and physicians in particular, is a recognized problem worldwide. While numerous risk factors for such aggression and violence from patients (and their relatives/friends) have been identified, little is known about which risk factors are perceived as relatively most important in a specific context and among a particular group, and about the potentially differing views on the relative importance. This lack of insight prohibits preventive measures being tailored to address the main risk factors.MethodWe conducted a Q-methodology study to investigate physicians’ perspectives on risk factors for aggression and violence from patients (and their relatives/friends) against physicians in Chinese hospitals. A total of 33 physicians from public Chinese hospitals participated in this study and were asked to rank 30 risk factors according to their importance in triggering violent incidents. In addition, respondents were asked to explain their ranking of most and least important risk factors.ResultsBy employing a by-person factor analysis, four distinct perspectives on the importance of risk factors were identified: (1) unmet expectations of treatment and lack of resources; (2) perpetrator’s educational background and personal characteristics; (3) distrust and limited protection measures; and (4) perpetrator’s emotional well-being and poor interaction. There was a consensus across perspectives that failure to meet perpetrator’s expectations is one of the most important risk factors and that physician’s gender is one of the least important risk factors in the occurrence of patient (and their relatives/friends) aggression and violence against physicians in Chinese hospitals.ConclusionsThis study has identified four distinct perspectives held among physicians on the risk factors for patient aggression and violence against physicians in Chinese hospitals. These insights enable the development and prioritization of targeted measures to address specific risk factors according to the dominant views among physicians.

What experts say about domestic violence: constructing Thailand’s domestic violence severity index through an expert judgement approach

Purpose While many countries have adopted traditional approaches to identify patterns and trends in domestic violence at a national level, a strategy that provides more insightful information is still lacking. In response to this need, the purpose of this study is to propose the construction of a domestic violence severity index (DVSI) as an alternative. This index serves as a strategic instrument for policymakers and law enforcement agencies, enabling them to monitor changes in the overall severity of domestic violence incidents over time, beyond relying solely on the volume of reported incidents. Design/methodology/approach Reported domestic violence incidents are collected over the past five years (2019–2023) from the entire country. Unlike sentence-based approaches such as the Cambridge Crime Harm Index and the Canadian Crime Severity Index, the DVSI applies a crime severity index based on expert judgment to assess the seriousness of domestic violence categories. Twenty-three experts with extensive experience in domestic violence issues across various governmental and nongovernmental organizations participated in providing assessments. To ensure consistency in assigning weight values to the domestic violence categories, the average scores provided by experts were calculated using arithmetic mean, median, mode and geometric mean. Findings Domestic violence maps reflecting trends between 2019 and 2023 across 77 provinces in Thailand have been generated based on the index data. The maps depict significant serial and spatial correlation levels from 2019 to 2023. Practical implications These maps carry significant implications for the country’s domestic violence prevention strategy by offering detailed insights into the geographical locations and periods requiring focused attention and resource allocation from the government. This tool can also aid the public in gaining a better understanding of the prevalence of domestic violence in society, facilitating increased coordination and collaboration among stakeholders. Originality/value Many countries quantify domestic violence using simple methods, such as calculating percentages or measuring incidents per 100,000 population. However, a specific DVSI has not yet been developed to analyze and understand domestic violence trends geographically, which could serve as an additional measure to protect victims. In addition, the study uses an expert judgment approach, a rare method in constructing a crime severity index, especially in the context of domestic violence.

Domestic violence: Screening and management in South Africa

Violence manifests in various ways in healthcare, including trauma from an undifferentiated patient, psychosomatic illness, substance abuse or dependency and mental health challenges. Different forms of violence exist, such as intimate partner violence, gender-based violence, domestic violence, child abuse, neglect, elder abuse, sexual violence, self-directed violence and collective violence. These may be included in domestic violence or exist as standalone forms. Health practitioners play a pivotal role in managing incidents of domestic violence. This article highlights the definitions in the Amended Domestic Violence Act of 2021 and suggests screening options for domestic violence. The authors also suggest screening tools, a management flow diagram and contact numbers for resources. Domestic violence can be a generational curse that compromises biopsychosocial wellbeing. To break the perceived culture of violence, healthcare workers play a pivotal role in screening and management, as well as the mandatory reporting of domestic violence when children and the elderly are sharing such a household.

The Association Between Street Construction Projects and Community Violence in New York City.

Community violence is a major cause of injury and death in the USA. Empirical studies have identified that some place-based interventions of urban private places, such as remediations of vacant lots and buildings, are associated with reductions in community violence in surrounding areas. The aim of this study was to examine whether routine maintenance and repair of urban public places (e.g., street construction projects) are also associated with reductions in community violence, proxied by violent crime incidents. This staggered adoption difference-in-difference analysis investigated the association between street construction projects and community violence in New York City from 2010 to 2019, divided into 40 calendar quarters. The units of analysis were street-quarters (n = 155,280). Intervention street-quarters were those with completed projects in 2010-2019; control streets were those where projects were scheduled but not completed before 2019. The outcome of community violence was proxied by counts of crime and violence incidents reported to the New York Police Department, within street-quarters. There were 81,904 street-quarters with any community violence incidents (52.7%). We found that street construction projects were associated with a decrease in reckless endangerment (ATT = - 1.3%; 95% CI = - 2.1%, - 0.4%), robbery (ATT = - 3.4%; 95% CI = - 6.1%, - 0.7%), and weapons offenses (ATT = - 1.6%; 95% CI = - 3.0, - 0.08%) occurring on street-quarters. Street construction projects may be yet another type of place-based intervention to reduce community violence.

Support needs of Ukrainian healthcare workers during wartime: A study on trust, legal security, and labor union involvement.

As Ukraine enters its third year of war with Russia, healthcare workers (HWs) continue to face significant challenges. This study aimed to evaluate Ukrainian HWs' involvement in and trust in labor unions, assess their perceptions of social and legal security in the workplace, and identify the support they need. An anonymous online survey of HWs included both closed-ended and open-ended questions. A total of 1442 healthcare professionals participated in the study. Of these, 62.5% are members of labor unions, yet only 37.2% trust these unions. Additionally, 34.2% reported experiencing a violation of their rights at the workplace in the last two years, and 14.1% had sought legal consultations from labor unions. Regarding social support, 31.1% of HWs expressed a need for assistance. The most desired forms of support from labor unions were identified in four key areas: advocating higher wages, support for health rehabilitation and rest, legal assistance, and psychological counseling services. Despite the significant level of involvement of HWs in labor unions, there is a pressing need for labor unions to focus on building trust among their members. The notable incidence of rights violations at work underscores the necessity of deeply understanding the underlying reasons for these cases. The most critical support needs identified were financial aid and health-related assistance, highlighting the primary areas where HWs require help.

Things Latinas need to plan for safety: A dual-site concept mapping study.

Latina women in the United States experience intimate partner violence (IPV) at high rates, but evidence suggests Latinas seek help for IPV at lower rates than other communities. Safety planning is an approach that provides those experiencing IPV with concrete actions to increase their safety and referrals to formal services. While safety planning is shown to reduce future incidences of violence, little is known about the safety planning priorities of Latinas. This study leveraged Group Concept Mapping, a mixed-method process consisting of brainstorming, sorting, rating, and interpreting. First, 17 Latinas who were survivors of IPV and/or professional advocates generated responses to a focal prompt. Next, 19 participants pile-sorted a list of unduplicated responses into categories. Data were analyzed using multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis and results were iteratively refined by the study team. Forty-two Latina participants in Chicago and Miami rated each item based on its necessity for safety using two scenarios: if a survivor planned to leave a partner or remain in the relationship. Bivariate correlation analyses were used to examine differences in safety planning priorities across multiple axes. Finally, results were shared with participants for feedback and contextualization. Combined, a total of 46 Latinas participated in data collection activities. Brainstorming and sorting data generated seven clusters of safety planning needs. Statistically significant differences in cluster rating were found for women who intended to leave a relationship (for whom legal services was most necessary) versus those who intended to stay (for whom safety planning services were critical) and those in Chicago versus those in Miami. This study contributes to the small, but growing, literature regarding safety planning needs of Latinas in the US and illustrates potential ways in which future safety planning interventions should be tailored to these communities.

Factors Associated with Management of Workplace Violence Competence Among Chinese Nursing Interns.

The cases of workplace violence (WPV) experienced by nurses and nursing students in recent years has become alarming high. However, managing and developing WPV competence among nursing students remain underreported. Therefore, this study investigated the current status of management of workplace violence competence (MWVC) and identify associated factors affecting their MWVC among nursing interns. A total of 817 nursing interns from six tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province, China, participated in this study in July 2023. Data were collected via online survey questionnaires using the Management of Workplace Violence Competence Scale (MWVCS), the Patient Risk Identification Ability Assessment Questionnaire, and the Professional Identity Questionnaire for Nursing Students (PIQNS). Among participants, 91.1% were female (n=744), 68.1% (n=556) were between 21 to 23 years old, and 54.1% (n=442) obtained a bachelor's degree. The score of management of workplace violence competence was 123.25 (SD=11.06). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that the diploma degree (B=3.152, p<0.001, 95% CI: 2.087-4.217), witnessed a workplace violence incident in a hospital (B=4.274, p<0.001, 95% CI: 3.164-5.384), trained in WPV prevention skills (B=7.196, p<0.001, 95% CI: 6.007-8.386), patient risk identification ability (B=1.006, p<0.001, 95% CI: 1.163-0.893), and professional identity (B=0.693, p<0.001, 95% CI: 0.571-0.815) were the associated factors of MWVC among nursing interns. The MWVC among nursing interns was at an intermediate level. To enhance MWVC, it is recommended to strengthen WPV prevention and management training, particularly for interns with diploma degrees, no experience witnessing WPV incidents, no prior training in WPV prevention skill, and lower levels of patient risk identification ability and professional identity. Our findings may guide the establishment of focused training programs and support measures to improve interns' capacity to manage WPV, increasing their professional growth and mental health while giving significant insights and intervention techniques for nursing educators and managers.

To what extent does fecundity hinder women’s potential development in the modern society and is fecundity inherently a concept separated from women

This essay investigates how women’s potential for development in modern society has been hindered by associations with fecundity, arguing that fertility should be conceptualized separately from womanhood. It addresses the current challenges women face in the realms of economic value, family roles, and artistic representation, highlighting how patriarchal and capitalist structures confine women’s value primarily to their reproductive capacity. Despite the introduction of policies aimed at preventing discriminatory employment practices based on marital or reproductive status, women continue to face implicit marginalization in the workplace. The essay identifies a positive correlation between the frequency of childbirth and the incidence of domestic violence, suggesting a devaluation of women’s roles within households that stems from reducing their worth to fertility alone. Furthermore, a review of ancient artworks reveals a historical emphasis on women’s reproductive function, often at the cost of diminishing their individuality. Through a metaphysical perspective, the essay argues that fecundity is not inherently linked to womanhood and calls for broader social awareness and transformative changes to dismantle patriarchal structures that sustain this misconception.

Journalism and Advancing Human Rights: Suo Motu Cases in India

Journalism plays a pivotal role in advancing human rights. Newspapers and media not only make citizens aware of human rights, they are also key in reporting incidents of violation of these rights. In India, this journalistic responsibility is heightened manifold with the suo motu cognizance afforded through the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC). Applying suo motu, the NHRC issues orders and acts without being petitioned. As such, newspapers and media in India have the capacity to not just increase public awareness but also lead to direct remedial action. In this paper, NHRC suo motu cases registered in the study period of five months from April 2024 to August 2024 are examined. This includes a total of 65 eligible cases, of which 60% stem from 7 newspapers and 40% from 21 additional newspapers. Nearly three-quarters - 48 of the 65 - cases are reported from 7 states. The cases cover hazardous and illegal employment, rape and sexual offences, medical issues, negligence and mismanagement by authorities, police mistreatment, and other incidents. Four illustrative cases of deaths filed within the NHRC suo motu cognizance are presented in detail, reflecting the nature and content of grievances of human rights violations in India. These include sewer deaths, suicide due to police harassment, a police custody death, and death by electrocution. By understanding suo motu cases in the human rights context in India, journalists can gain perspective on their role in advancing the dignity of our society.

Studi Kasus Forensik Pada Luka Trauma Tumpul Ditinjau Dari Perspektif Medikolegal

Violence reflects social conflicts that can harm both the physical and psychological well-being of victims while violating legal norms. Although physical crime trends in Indonesia showed a decline from 2017 to 2019, North Sumatra remained the epicenter of violence incidents, particularly assault cases. The handling of such cases is inseparable from the role of Visum et Repertum, a legal document that serves as key evidence in the criminal justice process, as stipulated in Article 184 of the Indonesian Penal Code (KUHP). Through a case study of a 69-year-old man who became a victim of minor assault, this study highlights the process of medical investigation and legal analysis. A bruise on the head caused by a bare-handed blow did not hinder daily activities, classifying it as a minor assault punishable by up to three months in prison under Article 352 (1) of the Penal Code. This study emphasizes the need for synergy between controlling socio-economic factors and enforcing legal procedures to address violence, while strengthening the role of Visum et Repertum as a vital element of justice

Specialized trauma surgery: do we need it at all?

Despite maximally motivated and professionally outstanding young talent, the particularly stressful surgical disciplines have recruitment concerns. In recent years various sections and subsidiary societies of the German Society for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery (DGOU) have developed and distributed personnel and institution-related certificates. Organ-specific and procedure-specific certificates are very popular to confer increased visibility to individuals and institutions. Many specialists for orthopedics and trauma surgery specialized early in fields, such as foot, knee, shoulder, elbow or arthroscopic surgery. General traumatology, treatment of polytrauma and complex traumatology of the chest and abdomen are becoming more and more unattractive. Knife attacks and also the "truck attack" at the Breitscheidplatz in Berlin illustrate the smoldering terror situation in Germany. The Federal Criminal Police Office also recently announced that the incidence of domestic violence increased by 6.5% in 2023 alone. This cannot be mastered with specialization alone. The visibility and the attractiveness of specialized trauma surgery must be increased and structures for appropriate specialization must be achieved. The possible introduction of aqualification "specialized trauma surgery" is discussed. In current considerations of the German Society of Trauma Surgery (DGU), the Academy for Trauma Surgery (AUC) and the Working Group for Osteosynthesis Issues (AO) Trauma Germany, astepwise acquisition of defined knowledge from the principles on basic contents up to specialization and expert knowledge, could lead to the acquisition of the qualification in "specialized trauma surgery".

Safety After Dark: A Privacy Compliant and Real-Time Edge Computing Intelligent Video Analytics for Safer Public Transportation.

Public transportation systems play a vital role in modern cities, but they face growing security challenges, particularly related to incidents of violence. Detecting and responding to violence in real time is crucial for ensuring passenger safety and the smooth operation of these transport networks. To address this issue, we propose an advanced artificial intelligence (AI) solution for identifying unsafe behaviours in public transport. The proposed approach employs deep learning action recognition models and utilises technologies like NVIDIA DeepStream SDK, Amazon Web Services (AWS) DirectConnect, local edge computing server, ONNXRuntime and MQTT to accelerate the end-to-end pipeline. The solution captures video streams from remote train stations closed circuit television (CCTV) networks, processes the data in the cloud, applies the action recognition model, and transmits the results to a live web application. A temporal pyramid network (TPN) action recognition model was trained on a newly curated video dataset mixing open-source resources and live simulated trials to identify the unsafe behaviours. The base model was able to achieve a validation accuracy of 93% when trained using open-source dataset samples and was improved to 97% when live simulated dataset was included during the training. The developed AI system was deployed at Wollongong Train Station (NSW, Australia) and showcased impressive accuracy in detecting violence incidents during an 8-week test period, achieving a reliable false-positive (FP) rate of 23%. While the AI correctly identified 30 true-positive incidents, there were 6 cases of false negatives (FNs) where violence incidents were missed during the rainy weather suggesting more data in the training dataset related to bad weather. The AI model's continuous retraining capability ensures its adaptability to various real-world scenarios, making it a valuable tool for enhancing safety and the overall passenger experience in public transport settings.

Progress and Persistent Challenges in the Juvenile Justice System

The twenty first century has witnessed a transformation in juvenile justice characterized by a more liberal and treatment and prevention-oriented approach. In comparing 2000 to the present, this article assesses the declines in juvenile arrests and case processing, greater emphasis on evidence-based programs and trauma-informed care, and court decisions and legislation that reflect significant strides in dealing with youth. The progress suggests that we are well-situated to continue to endorse a more proactive stance. These trends, however, are somewhat tenuous. The article highlights three ongoing challenges: racial and ethnic disparity in the system, limitations in strategies to divert youth from the system, and adolescent mental health. With media emphasis on isolated incidents of juvenile violence, conservative ideology, and politicization of juvenile justice policy, there is concern that a more punitive approach will re-emerge. There are steps to counteract these influences, but they require a collective effort.

Examining Systemic and Interpersonal Bias in Violence Risk Assessments of Patients in Acute Psychiatric Care.

The assessment and management of inpatient risk for violence in acute psychiatric care are challenges that introduce the potential for bias. This study aimed to examine inequities based on social determinants of health (SDoH) (e.g., race-ethnicity, gender, or mode of admission to acute care) that may lead to unfair assessment of psychiatric patients. The authors analyzed electronic health records of 7,424 acute care patients across 12,650 stays (2016-2022) at a large Canadian psychiatric hospital. Risk ratios (RRs) were calculated by SDoH for staff assessments of high risk (perceived risk), for violent incidents (actual risk), and for potentially biased risk assessment (particularly when a patient was assessed as high risk but did not become violent). In univariate analyses, patients assessed as high risk who did not become violent were more likely to be male than female and to be Black, Indigenous, or Middle Eastern than White. When RRs were mutually adjusted for all variables, the associations for gender and race-ethnicity were attenuated or were no longer statistically significant. Associations with potentially biased risks that remained significant included most psychiatric diagnoses (vs. a depressive or anxiety disorder), supportive or unstable housing (vs. owning a home), and admission by police (vs. self-admission; RR=2.14, 95% CI=1.92-2.40). Systemic factors, such as admission by police and housing status, and having severe mental illness were the primary drivers of observed inequities in risk assessments of patients from racial-ethnic minority groups. Addressing these systemic factors might be key to improving acute psychiatric care.

Power Through Anonymity: Exploring Barriers to Reporting Sexual Assault Through Analysis of Reddit Data

In 2018, Dr. Christine Blasey-Ford's accusations of sexual assault against Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh and sexual assault convictions of Hollywood mogul Harvey Weinstein prompted questioning of why sexual assault victims do not report incidents of sexual violence to law enforcement. A hashtag movement, #whyididntreport was started wherein people began sharing their stories of sexual violence and the reasons they didn’t report. Even though research investigating barriers to reporting sexual violence exists such open, voluntary accounts have not existed before nor have been studied. This study used data from a social media website Reddit to capture barriers to reporting sexual assaults. A qualitative thematic analysis was used to identify six themes through the lens of feminist and social control theories. These findings indicate that even with more readily available knowledge about sexual assault, understanding of consent is still lacking. In addition, the current political climate is adding to fear of consequences when reporting sexual assaults. The implications of these findings for social workers indicate the necessity of social worker's role not only in reporting and clinical work, but also in advocacy and policy work relating to sexual assault.

Institutional confidence, underreporting and academic consequences of gender-based violence among university staff and students in Europe

ABSTRACT This article examines the relationship between reporting incidents of gender-based violence, adverse academic consequences, and confidence in institutional responses within academic institutions based on an online survey conducted in 46 research organisations located in 15 European countries. By ‘academic consequences’, we refer specifically to the effects on an individual's educational pursuits, including but not limited to changes in academic performance, disruptions in coursework, and alterations in educational trajectories. Our results show that reporting gender-based violence is associated with increased severity of academic consequences, but that confidence in institutional responses has a negative association with adverse academic consequences. The level of confidence in institutional responses is identified as a moderator, intensifying the protective effect against adverse academic consequences, but interestingly only among staff. A multilevel intersectional analysis is used, considering various identity characteristics and accounting for structural inequalities. The article concludes with a discussion of the critical role of confidence in institutional responses and suggests that institutions must move beyond procedural adjustments to foster a holistic change in culture, norms, and power structures. Recommendations for institutions include developing safe and confidential reporting mechanisms, building trust in responses, and fostering a culture of respect and zero tolerance for violence to effectively address this critical issue in academic settings.