Incidence Of Occupational Accidents Research Articles

Incidence of Occupational Accidents and Contributing Factors among Male Workers in an Electrical Distribution Company in Istanbul, Turkey

Background: This study aimed to determine the incidence of occupational accidents among male workers in an electric power distribution company and to analyze the contributing factors.
 Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted on 158 male workers from an electricity distribution company in Istanbul (Turkey) between October 2014 and June 2015 in two phases. In the first phase, the data were collected with the face-to-face interviews based on a questionnaire related to the occupational accidents and working conditions in the past year. Then, each worker was followed-up for four months for the occupational accident incidence. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. The degree and magnitude of association between dependent and independent variables were determined by Phi (Φ) and Cramer's V coefficient.
 Results: The incidence rate of self-reported occupational accidents was 47.5% in the past year. The incidence was found to be higher for those aged over 41 (51.7%, p=0.02), work in lighting and overhead line units (71.0% and 47.2%, p=0.04), have occupational disease (66.7%, p=0.01), and have witnessed any occupational accident in the electricity sector (66.1%, p<0.001). The incidence rate was moderately associated with the working unit (Cramer’sV=0.25), witnessing any occupational accident (Φ=0.29), and occupational disease (Φ=0.21). It was higher for those with shift work (52.0%; p=0.29) and with job insecurity (51.8%, p=0.11). The incidence rate of occupational accidents based on four-month follow-up was 0.53 person-year. The most frequent type of accident was explosion (14.3%), and the majority of the accidents resulted in injuries (78.6%).
 Conclusion: The incidence of occupational accidents among male workers in the electricity distribution company was higher than the national average. The accidents were significantly related to the working conditions.

Incidence and time trend of occupational accidents in the textile and clothing industry: analysis of Santa Catarina, Brazil, between 2008 and 2017.

To estimate the incidence and time trend of typical work accidents in the textile and clothing industry in Santa Catarina from 2008 to 2017. This was a retrospective epidemiological study based on data from the Annual Social Information Report (RAIS). The time trend was analyzed by calculating the average annual change and logistic regression. There was a downward trend in the incidence of occupational accidents in Santa Catarina during the period studied (8.8%). The highest incidence occurred in 2008 among men (12.6%), workers aged between 40 and 49 years (6.7%), black people (7.4%), people with less than 12 years of education (5.0%), with an average income of 3 to 7 minimum wages (7.0%), with up to 4 years of employment (6.9%), workers in the manufacture of textile products (10, 3%), medium-sized establishments (that is, between 100 and 499 workers; 7.9%) and in the regions of Greater Florianópolis (7.0%) and Vale do Itajaí (6.8%). The risk for typical occupational accidents dropped significantly over the period studied. However, future studies are needed to analyze new relationships that may point to other associated factors. It is hoped that this study can contribute to support measures for the prevention, promotion, protection and rehabilitation of the health of workers in this production sector.

Factors Associated with Occupational Accidents to Nurses in Emergency Room of Anutapura General Hospital Palu City

The IGD room is a unit that deals directly with the patient for 24 hours a day. Workload and high stress levels in the face of critical conditions require nurses to work quickly and appropriately. Based on data from the preliminary study of the researchers, nurses working in the Emergency Installation Room Anutapura Palu General Hospital are 31 nurses, aged between 23-45 years with an average work period of 7 years and the majority male. The data of accidents cases were 81 cases in bracket within 3 months January-March 2016, and most cases were found in IGD Anutapura Palu with 19 cases. The purpose of research to determine the factors associated with the incidence of occupational accidents in nurses in the Emergency Room of Anutapura Palu General Hospital. This research is a kind of quantitative analytic research with Cross Sectional design. Population in this research is all nurses who work in Emergency Room of Anutapura Palu General Hospital that amount 31 people, sampling with technique Total Sampling. The results of study were age (p = 0,002), sex (p = 0,019), use of APD (p = 0,007), regulation (p = 0,006), training (p = 0,007), supervision (p = 0,006) . However there is no working period relationship (p = 0,083) with Work Accident. It is expected that the management of the hospital to improve the quality of training and supervision and reinforce the rules that have been made by giving heavy sanctions to workers who get violated the rules.

Comparison of organizational commitment, job stress and personality traits among injured and non-injured employees of Isfahan refinery

Background: In recent decades, scientific growth has led to industrial progress and increased welfare for humans. But there are other unintended consequences, including work-related accidents. The incidence of occupational accidents in the various countries of the world, especially in the industrial sector, is increasing over time. So that occupational accidents are one of the most important problems in developing countries today. Thus, the purpose of this study was to compare the organizational commitment, job stress, and personality traits of injured and non-injured employees in Isfahan Refinery Company.
 Methods: The research method is descriptive and in terms of comparative causal research, the statistical population of the study was 420 people and the number of unfortunate incidents in the number of 238 people in the autumn of 1397-39, totally 658 people, among whom A total of 100 poeple were selected via convenience sampling in two groups of 50. In this research Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (Ellen & Miller, 1990), Job Stress Questionnaire (Lambert et al., 2007), Personality Characteristics Questionnaire (McCrae &, 2004) were used.
 Results: The data were analyzed by using multivariate and one-variable variance analysis. The results of multivariate analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups of injured and non-injured employees in the job stress and affective commitment, but their differences in normative and continuance commitment and personality traits were not significant.
 Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that workplace accidents could be decreased through increasing of affective commitment and decreasing of job stress. Therefore, the need to pay attention to these factors should be considered by policymakers, scientists and practitioners.

The effect of work locus of control and general health on accident - proneness : The mediator role of effort - reward imbalance

Introduction: Workerschr('39') accident-proneness is considered as an inherent and coherent feature in incidence of occupational accidents. Therefore, recognizing its determinants could be effective in preventing such accidents. This study aimed to investigate the effect of work locus of control and general health on accident-proneness with the regard to the mediating role of effort-reward imbalance.
 Methods: This analytical and cross-sectional research was conducted in 2018 using structural equation modeling (SEM) with partial least square approach. In total, 225 employees with a history of occupational accidents in Esfahan Steel Company were selected. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-23 and SMARTPLS3.
 Results: The obtained results indicated that the measurement and structural models were fitted. In addition, results demonstrated that all assumptions of the research were significant with the exception of the general health effect on accident proneness. 
 Conclusion: The results of this study showed that by controlling the work environment stressors, such as balancing effort-reward, could reduce the accident- proneness. In addition, by checking the general health and work locus of control to prevent the occupational accidents in the sieving process, people with internal control should be selected for stressful occupations.of work locus of control and general health on accident-proneness with the regard to the mediating role of effort-reward imbalance.

PENGGUNAAN ALAT PELINDUNG DIRI (APD) DAN LAMA KERJA PADA KEJADIAN KECELAKAAN KERJA PENGUMPUL SAMPAH

Based on the results of the data obtained from the Parks Department and the Health of Bengkulu in 2013 produced garbage 291 m3/day. and the number of officers in the waste collection market Bengkulu City numbered 40 officers of garbage collectors. The purpose of this research was to determine the relationship of the application of personal protective equipment and length of employment with the incidence of occupational accidents in the garbage collector. This research used an analytical survey research methods, with a cross-sectional design. The sample was a total sampling of 40 people. Analysis used chi square with α = 0.05. The results showed no significant relationship between the application of personal protective equipment in work accident at a garbage collector (p=0.034 and OR=7.46) and there were a significant relationship between length of employment with the incidence of occupational accidents at waste collection (p=0.001 and OR=37.50).

THE RELATIONSHIP OF SAFETY AND HEALTH KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE OF USE OF SELF-PROTECTOR EQUIPMENT WITH WORK ACCIDENT ACCIDENT IN BATIK KNIFE CRAFTS IN PT. X

Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) knowledge is an integral in the system of employment and human resources. Accident is undesirable and can not be known when it happened, but it can be anticipated. Attitude in the use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is essential in order to reduce the incidence of workplace accidents in the industry knife batik craftsmen of PT. X. This study aims to determine the relationship of knowledge on OSH and attitudes to the use of PPE at the workplace where accident of knife batik in PT. X. Type of quantitative research, using cross sectional design. The number of research subject were 31 people. The independent variable among others, knowledge on OSH and attitudes of the use of PPE workers batik craftsmen knife. The dependent variable was the incidence of occupational accidents in the workplace of batik craftsmen knife. Measurements using a questionnaire respondents identity and scale includes 3 kinds knowledge on OSH, attitude use of PPE and work accidents in the workplace. Analyzed by univariate, bivariate, multivariate with analysis product moment Pearson correlation and linear regression. The results showed a significant correlation between knowledge on OSH at work and the attitude of the use of PPE with accidents in the workplace, where knowledge of OSH contributed 16% and the attitude of the use of PPE contributed 22% of the accidents and the attitude of the use of PPE with accidents in the workplace contributes 35.6%. There is a significant effect between knowledge on OSH and attitudes towards the use of PPE accident of knife batik craftsmen in PT. X. Keywords : Knowledge on OSH, PPE attitudes, Occupational Accident, Knife batik craftsmen.

Occupational health and safety indicators of Turkey and their relationships with social and economic development factors between 1998 and 2014

ABSTRACTThe aim of this descriptive study is to analyse occupational health and safety status of Turkey between 1998 and 2014 and examine its relationships with some socioeconomic factors. Data reported by Social Security Institution of Turkey and two types of incidence rates of occupational accidents determined by the institution were used in analysis; the first uses working hours, while the latter uses the number of employees as basis. A third type of incidence rate involving occupational deaths per 100,000 employees was used in comparing Turkey and EU, and it was found significantly higher from developed countries like EU-15 (t = −10.032, P < 0.001). Incidence of occupational accidents and indicators, such as human development index (HDI), GDP, literacy rate, and budget spending for education in Turkey between 1998 and 2014, were correlated with each other, and a significant negative relationship was found between fatal occupational accidents and literacy rate (r = −0.577, P < 0.05). Furthermore, a negative significant relationship between growth rate (GDP) and HDI (r = −0.813, P < 0.01) was observed. A positive relationship between GDP and incidence of fatal accidents was found, but it was insignificant (r = 0.502, P > 0.05). Economically growing populations can protect their workers against occupational hazards by taking effective and preventive measures for occupational health and safety.

Occupational Health and Safety legislative compliance in the construction sites in Windhoek, Namibia

Non compliances towards occupational health and safety legislations has been on increase globally which leads to higher incidence of occupational accidents, injuries and diseases. The aim of the study is to determine the presence of occupational hazards in the construction industry and to investigate the occupational health and safety provision and compliance among construction sites in Windhoek. A quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive design was used to conduct the study. Census sampling was used to include ten construction sites with project running during data collection time and whose site managers agreed to participate in the study. Data was collected in ten construction sites with the site inspection checklist to assess the occupational hazards and OHS compliance in participated construction sites. Data was analysed with SPSS software. The study findings indicated that occupational hazards are prevalent in the construction industry, but there is poor mechanism to control hazards and to prevent hazard exposures. Furthermore, most construction sites are non compliant towards OHS legislations. It is recommended that OHS legislations should be enforced to promote the OHS in the construction industry.

Trabalhadores de um hospital escola em Fortaleza-CE: exposição cotidiana à Hepatite B

We aimed to analyze the incidence of occupational accidents involving risk for hepatitis B among healthcare professionals in a teaching hospital in 2013 using a cross-sectional design that incorporated both descriptive and quantitative data. We analyzed 95 occupational accident notifications, with the majority coming from women (73.7%) working as a technical or nursing assistant (39; 41.1%). The most prevalent age group was 20–39 years, and most (62; 65.3%) were professionals. Percutaneous exposure occurred in 77 (81.1%) cases, with the needle lumen as the main delivery object accounting for 35 cases (36.8%). Blood was the most common biological agent, accounting for 75 cases (78.9%). Eighty-one (83.5%) were known source patients, with 5 (5.3%) testing positive for HBsAg. Furthermore, 69 (72.6%) professionals had completed their vaccination schedule for hepatitis B. After contact, 25 (26.3%) were vaccinated and 2 (2.1%) received immunoglobulin. Despite the efforts of the Ministry of Health (MOH) to emphasize the adoption of biosecurity measures, accidents still occur among professionals, increasing the risk of exposure to blood-borne diseases.

Working on Sundays–Effects on Safety, Health, and Work-life Balance

Several attributes of the work schedule can increase the risk of occupational injuries and accidents, health impairments, and reduced social participation. Although previous studies mainly focused on the effects of shiftwork and long working hours on employee health and safety, there is little evidence of a potential negative impact of working Sundays on the incidence of occupational accidents, health impairments, and work-life balance. A representative sample of employed workers in 31 member and associated states of the European Union (n = 23,934) served as the database for a cross-sectional analysis. The sample was collected via face-to-face interviews in the year 2005. The association of the risks of occupational accidents, health impairments, and decreases in work-life balance with working Sundays was calculated using logistic regression models, controlling for potential confounders, such as shiftwork, workload, and demographic characteristics. The results indicated that working one or more Sundays/month was associated with increase both in the risk of reporting one or more health impairments (odds ratio [OR]: 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06–1.29) and poorer work-life balance (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.02–1.28). These effects remained after controlling for potentially confounding factors, such as other work schedule attributes, intensity of physical and mental workload, and individual characteristics. Furthermore, working Sundays was also related to increased risk of occupational accidents within the last year (OR: 1.34, 95% CI: 1.03–1.73). Controlling again for individual, workload, and working-time characteristics, a significant association with accident risk, however, remained only in work sectors with low a priori risk of occupational accidents (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.02–1.91), although the increased risk could be observed for both medium and high a priori risk sectors working Sundays (without controlling for additional confounders). The results thus indicate that the detrimental effects of working Sundays on safety, health, and social well-being should be taken into account when designing work schedules. The potential hazards to employees' safety, health, and work-life balance, in particular, should be considered in discussions concerning extending work on Sundays in certain sectors, e.g., retail. (Author correspondence: awirtz@hsph.harvard.edu)

Occupational health crossing borders part 2: Comparison of 18 occupational health systems across the globe

Occupational health and safety (OHS) is considered one of the most important factors for a sustainable development; however, it is often considered a luxury by decision-makers. This article compares OHS systems of 18 countries at different stages of development. In an international summer school, structure of the national OHS system, definition of occupational accidents and diseases, procedures for compensation claims, outcome (expressed as incidence of occupational accidents) and training opportunities were presented. National OHS systems ranged from non-existent to systems implemented almost 200 years ago. Priorities, incidence of occupational accidents and training opportunities varied. Common problems included the lack of OHS service for small enterprises and in rural areas. International training programs like this summer school might enhance the exchange about OHS opportunities around the globe and contribute to improved workers health.

Worker participation in change processes in a Danish industrial setting

Improving the design, management and organization of work may be an important step in improving occupational health. An intervention, guided by the principles of participatory action research (PAR), is directed at traditional work environment problems in the epoxy plastic industry, that is, eczema and accident-related injuries. The study population consisted of employees at two wind turbine- manufacturing plants. A quasi-experimental design was employed with before and after measurements and a comparison group with a 3(1/2) year follow-up period. The role of employee elected safety representatives was changed from one of controlling and "policing" to that of safety advisors. The attitudes of employees also changed, from an individualistic understanding of safety as the responsibility of the single employee, to a more collective understanding of safety as being everyone's shared responsibility. Structural changes led to a less hierarchical management system. This process led eventually to the establishment of self-governing work groups in which each member had a well-defined area of responsibility. The change process was associated with improvements in the psychosocial work environment and safety climate, a 66% reduction in the incidence of eczema, and a 48.6% reduction in the incidence of occupational accidents. In the comparison population, a twin factory under the same company, similar but delayed and less dramatic changes also occurred. Implementation of a comprehensive intervention was followed by improved employee perceptions of the company's safety standards and the psychosocial work environment, as well as by substantial reductions in the incidence of eczema and occupational accidents.

Occupational health in Central America.

The 12.4 million economically active population (EAP) of the seven Central American countries includes a large informal sector. Social security covers only 14-60%. No surveillance of occupational safety and health (OSH) hazards or accidents exists. Extrapolating the incidence of occupational accidents among insured Costa Rican workers to the Central American EAP yields two million accidents yearly, still a gross underestimate. Occupational diseases are underreported, misdiagnosed, and not recognized as such. A number of regional OSH programs aim at modernization of the labor administrations and address the formal sector, in particular textile maquila, in connection with free trade agreements. The weak role of the ministries of health is expected to strengthen under the Pan American Health Organization OSH program. Employers largely influence new policies. Workers' influence on OSH policies has been weak, with only about 10% unionization rate and scarce resources and OSH knowledge. Informal workers, however, are getting organized. OSH research is underdeveloped and not linked to policy making. Construction, agriculture, and general un/underemployment are considered priorities for intervention. The informal sector needs to be included in national and regional OSH policies. Regional collaboration and international development support are of strategic importance to achieve sustainable improvement in OSH.

One-year incidence of occupational accidents in a rural Swedish municipality.

A continuous all embracing registration of acute, in-patient and out-patient visits at hospitals and primary health care centres, has been conducted since 1978 in Skaraborg County in western Sweden. A special focus has been directed at accident cases which account for 20% of the total number of acute visits. The accidents have been divided up by environment: home, work, traffic and other. Cases of work-related accidents have been mapped out in more detail with the help of standardized and structured surveys via telephone interviews, information from hospital records, and death certificates. This study aims at achieving increased understanding and knowledge about the accident pattern in the working environment in a municipality. This mapping of cases of work-related accidents in a defined population is also a part of evaluation of an intervention programme. Such a comprehensive community-oriented intervention programme has never been reported before. A total of 20,440 inhabitants in the municipality were registered in health and medical care centres over a six-year period because of injuries. Out of this total, 3,729 or 18.2% occurred on the job. A significant over-representation of work-related accidents existed for men, those in the 16-34 year age group, and those in manufacturing or farming. High incidences of industrial accidents were concentrated in the months of August through November. The most common types of injuries were to the eyes, or from crushes, falls, cuts, or punctures from sharp or piercing objects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)