Incidence Of Caries Research Articles

The Relationship of Parental Socioeconomic Status with Children's Dental Caries Incidence

Background: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease characterized by the destruction of the hard tissues of the teeth. Various age groups can experience dental caries and are more vulnerable in children, especially in elementary school. One of the factors that influence the occurrence of dental caries is the socioeconomic status of parents. Parents' socioeconomic status can be measured by education, occupation, and income. Several studies have shown that dental caries is more common in people with low socioeconomic status. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between parents' socioeconomic status and dental caries in children aged 11-12 years at SDN 03 Pakan Kurai Bukittinggi. Material and Methods: This study used a cross-sectional design. The number of research samples was 56 children. The sample selection used the Simple Random Sampling method. The instrument used was a questionnaire to measure the parent's socioeconomic status and the dental caries assessment based on the DMF-T/def-t index. Data analysis used a Chi-Square statistical test with p0.05. Results: The results showed that the prevalence of dental caries in children was 83.9%, the DMF-T+def-t index was 2.46, and the socioeconomic status of the respondents' parents was primarily low. The results of statistical analysis between parents' socioeconomic status and children's dental caries obtained p value = 0.000. Conclusion: There was a relationship between parents' socioeconomic status and dental caries in children aged 11-12 at SDN 03 Pakan Kurai Bukittinggi

Incidence of Dental Caries and Associated Factors in the School Period in a Municipality in Southern Brazil

Incidence of Dental Caries and Associated Factors in the School Period in a Municipality in Southern Brazil

Effect of sealant versus fluoride varnish on dental caries incidence in Mexican children: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Effect of sealant versus fluoride varnish on dental caries incidence in Mexican children: A randomized controlled clinical trial

Comparative Evaluation and Correlation of Salivary Total Antioxidant Capacity with Dental Caries among Smokers and Tobacco Chewers in North Karnataka Region of Indian Sub Population - A Clinico Biochemical Study

Background Tobacco chewing and smoking influence salivary antioxidant levels and therefore their effect on dental caries incidence needs to be evaluated. Objectives To correlate the effect of smoking and tobacco chewing on salivary pH and total antioxidant capacity TAC in individuals with and without dental caries in North Karnataka region of India.Methods About 180 male patients aged 20-60 years were chosen and allotted to three groups n60. Group 1 Non-smokers and chewers. Group 2 Only tobacco chewers and Group 3 Only smokers. Each group was further split into two subgroups n30 A with dental caries B without dental caries. Dental caries was assessed by WHO-recommended DMFT Decayed Missing Filled Teeth criteria and salivary samples were obtained by spitting method. Salivary pH was determined and supernatants from centrifuged samples were subjected to ferric reducing antioxidant power FRAP assay for estimating TAC levels. The one-way analysis of variance ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey tests were used for statistical analysis P lt0.05.Results Higher caries rate with lower pH and decreased salivary TAC levels were found in tobacco chewers and smokers with and without dental caries compared to non-tobacco chewers and non-smokers with significant difference.Conclusion Tobacco chewers and smokers showed decreased salivary TAC levels with lower pH and high caries rate compared to individuals without these habits.

The Use of Probiotic Preparations in Caries Prevention and Treatment

Abstract The article delves into the potential of probiotics and synbiotics as alternative approaches to preventing and treating dental caries. Probiotics are live, non­­pathogenic microorganisms combined with non ­living substances (prebiotics) that support their growth and activity. Probiotics, including strains of Lactobacilli, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, secrete various compounds, such as antimicrobial substances, bacteriocins, and enzymes, which help combat cariogenic bacteria. Research suggests that early administration of probiotics can establish a stable oral ecosystem and decrease the risk of dental caries. Synbiotics, a combination of probiotics and prebiotics, offer a synergistic approach to promoting oral health. Prebiotics like glucomannan hydrolysate, arabinose, xylose, and xylitol support the growth of beneficial bacteria while hindering the proliferation of cariogenic strains. The use of synbiotics, particularly in children, has shown promise in reducing the incidence of dental caries. Overall, this review highlights the growing interest in probiotics and synbiotics as potential solutions to addressing the complex issue of dental caries. These alternative methods offer the potential to rebalance the oral microbiota and reduce the prevalence of this widespread oral health problem. Nonetheless, further research is needed to confirm their efficacy and long ­term effects in preventing and treating dental caries.

Maternal and infant oral health benefits from mothers receiving prenatal total oral rehabilitation: a pilot prospective birth cohort study.

This study aimed to evaluate the maternal and infant oral health benefits from mothers receiving prenatal total oral rehabilitation (PTOR) before childbirth. Building upon our previous investigation, in which 15 expectant mothers received PTOR before their third trimester, achieving a state of oral health free from disease prior to delivery, we conducted a follow-up study to monitor these mothers and their newborns until they reached 2 years of age. We assessed the impact of PTOR on maternal and infant oral health, the utilization of dental care during the postpartum/early-life period, and the carriage of oral cariogenic microorganisms among mothers and their infants. Control groups consisting of 11 children and 17 mothers who did not undergo PTOR were included for comparative analysis. PTOR demonstrated a sustained improvement in maternal oral health outcomes by the end of 2 years postpartum, evidenced by a reduction in the Plaque Index and decayed surfaces compared with the control group (p < 0.05). PTOR was also associated with increased perinatal oral health literacy compared with the baseline of the mothers themselves (p < 0.05). In addition, PTOR led to a notable increase in maternal dental care utilization, rising from 26.7% before PTOR to 80% at 1 year postpartum and 70% at 2 years postpartum. Intriguingly, 40% of infants in the PTOR group had their first dental visit before reaching 1 year of age, in contrast to national data from the USA indicating a rate of less than 1%. Furthermore, a decrease in plaque Streptococcus mutans was observed in PTOR mothers 2 years postpartum, compared with both their baseline carriage and that of the control group (p < 0.05). Infants in the PTOR group also had a lower incidence of early childhood caries, with 18% in the PTOR group vs. 27% in the control group, although this difference was not statistically significant due to the small sample size. PTOR is associated with sustained oral health benefits and improves dental care utilization by mothers and their infants. Large-scale clinical trials are warranted to validate these study findings.

Tooth decay and autism spectrum disorders in children: is there a connection?

The study of caries lesions of children 7 and 12 years old with different degrees of severity of autism and concomitant intellectual disabilities, in comparison with a control group of neurotypical patients of similar age. The main study group included children with ASD ages 7 and 12 (n=214), and the comparison group included neurotypical children of the same age (n=140). To assess the incidence of dental caries, indicators of the prevalence and intensity of the process were used. The prevalence of dental caries in children with ASD is lower than in the comparison group or comparable. The average caries prevalence was found in the 7- and 12-year-old groups in children with mild autism without concomitant intellectual deficits (80.89±3.40 and 76.65±4.24, respectively). In children with severe and extremely severe autism, regardless of the presence of intellectual disability, the prevalence of dental caries was high in both age groups, which is comparable with the same indicator and age of neurotypical children. Moreover, both age groups of neurotypical children were also comparable in caries prevalence (89.67±1.65 and 90.32±1.20 respectively). Caries intensity did not seem to be related to years of autistic disorder (significantly lower in the group of 12-year-old children with ASD, compared to 7-year-olds). Caries intensity in children with ASD increased with increasing severity of autism and concomitant intellectual disability. Further comprehensive studies in terms of included variables are needed to identify contributing factors (impact of family socioeconomic opportunities, increased parental care, etc.).

Caries Incidence Rates Examination Through the Indonesian Digital Caries Risk Assessment for Parents of Muhammadiyah Warungboto Elementary School Yogyakarta

Early childhood caries in Indonesia is relatively high, as seen from the average def/DMF-T index of deciduous teeth in Indonesia reaching 8.1. One of the contributing factors is improper toothbrush habits. Based on Basic Health Research, 94.9% of Yogyakarta’s population, only 6.0% brush their teeth properly. This study aims to provide an overview of the success of examining the incidence of caries using the Indonesian Digital Caries Risk Assessment (IDCRA) website, which is reported directly to parents. This research method is a quasi-experimental method with a one-group pretest-postest design conducted on 83 parents and students of Muhammadiyah Warungboto Elementary School in Yogyakarta. Data were collected from pretest and postest assessments on students’ dental health knowledge, subjective and objective examinations using the IDCRA website, reporting of examination results to parents, and parental satisfaction questionnaires on dental examination reports. This study showed a 14% improvement in students’ comprehension of oral health after educational intervention. The initial def/DMF-T index of 4.6 decreased to 4.2 after implementing education and disseminating examination results to parents and students. Furthermore, the parental survey revealed that 96% of participants acknowledged that the dental examination report significantly increased their awareness of dental care for children. Additionally, 99% of parents supported ensuring children adhere to proper teeth-brushing practices to reduce the risk of cavities. In conclusion, dental examination reports using IDCRA are successful in informing parents about their children’s dental health and raising awareness for parents, students, and teachers to monitor and provide dental care for children.

MODERN SCIENTIFIC TRENDS IN THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF DENTAL CARIES

Background. Dental caries remains the most common disease of humanity today. The results of scientific research and clinical observations show that dental caries is most often treated surgically. The most effective way to reduce caries incidence is through primary prevention. Objective. The purpose of the study is to determine the current state of the problem of treatment and prevention of dental caries, to outline promising directions for solving this problem. Methods. In order to find out the main world trends in the treatment and prevention of dental caries, we studied the English-language papers of authors from Portugal, the USA, Saudi Arabia, Korea, Brazil, China, Argentina, the United Kingdom, Cote d'Ivoire, Italy, Ireland, Germany, France, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Switzerland, Turkey, Belgium, Poland and Croatia published in 2019–2023, including literature reviews that tracked the fundamental data of previous years. The analysis of literary sources made it possible to determine that world scientists have made significant achievements with methodological and methodical conclusions, conducted a comparative assessment and proposed new ways to solve the problem in modern conditions. Results. The issue of modern scientific trends in the treatment and prevention of dental caries are presented in this paper. It was established that the main methods of primary prevention in dentistry were the use of sealants for pits and fissures, local professional use of fluoride preparations, use of fluorine-containing toothpaste, chlorhexidine mouthwash at home, use of xylitol, recommendations for regular visits to the dentist, adherence to a non-cariogenic diet and oral hygiene habits. An analysis of various treatment approaches for dental caries is presented. An evaluation of the proposed treatment methods was carried out in the aspect of a critical approach to preventive removal of hard tooth tissues. The main prospective directions for improvement of treatment and preventive measures are outlined. Conclusions. Dentistry should begin with the identification and elimination of cariesogenic factors, preventive measures should be dominant. With the elimination of carious disease, the need for related specialties will significantly decrease

The relationship between caries risk assessment using the CAT-AAPD method and the incidence of caries in children

The relationship between caries risk assessment using the CAT-AAPD method and the incidence of caries in children

The Overview of Correct Toothbrushing and Diet Habit Towards Oral Health Status Using Indonesian Digital Caries Risk Assessment (IDCRA)

Abstract. Dental caries is an infectious disease in oral health and has become a major problem in Indonesia due to a lack of awareness. There are several causes of dental caries, such as consuming sugary snacks and toothbrushing habits which are common in school-aged children. Based on the caries risk assessment survey conducted in Yogyakarta, as many as 76.5% of the children had a high carries risk, 12.9% had a low caries risk, and 10.6% had a moderate caries risk. This research aims to determine the overview and correlation of correct toothbrushing and diet habit on oral health status using the IDCRA application at SD (Elementary School) Muhammadiyah Pepe and SD Muhammadiyah Warungboto Yogyakarta. This research type is descriptive-analytic with a cross-sectional design. The data were collected by subjective and objective intra-oral screening to examine the number of dental caries experiences (DMF-T/def-t) using IDCRA application in elementary school students aged 6-9. The data were then analysed using Spearman correlation by SPSS. The results revealed that students at SD Muhammadiyah Pepe and SD Muhammadiyah Warungboto Yogyakarta had caries with an average of DMF-T/def-t 7,5, meaning each had seven teeth with caries. In addition, most students (74%) consumed sugary snacks 1-3 times daily, while 60,6% needed to brush their teeth correctly. The caries incidence in school-aged children at SD Muhammadiyah Pepe and Warungboto Yogyakarta was classified as very high. This was influenced by their habit of brushing teeth and dietary habits done by the students. So promotive and preventive activities to increase the knowledge and awareness of children and parents need to be carried out regularly.

Monotonic Trend of Oral Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in Caraga Region, Philippines

Oral diseases are among the prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide, affecting billions of people. This research study analyzed oral health data from 2017 to 2021 to address the lack of published studies on dental cases in the Caraga Region. It focused on various aspects of oral health, including dental services, dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis. Data was collected by formally requesting information for various dental records collated from the Department of Health (DOH) Caraga database and collaborating with the Acebu Dental Clinic for images on dental diseases. In total, 547,405 individual dental cases from the Caraga region were collected from 2017-2021. The findings showed that noninvasive procedures often included oral hygiene counseling, while tooth extraction had the highest recorded data among invasive procedures. Data analysis by age group revealed that children aged nine and below had a higher susceptibility to dental caries, while those between 10 and 24 years old had higher instances of gingivitis. Individuals aged 25 and above were more prone to periodontal disease. The females exhibited a higher prevalence of dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis compared to males. Pregnant women also had a high incidence of untreated dental caries. This study reported a decline in the number of orally fit children, determined through oral examinations and complete rehabilitation, from 2017 to 2021. Trend analysis using the Mann-Kendall Test and Sen’s Slope revealed a monotonic decrease with negative values. The disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as lockdowns, limited access to dental care, and decreased awareness of oral hygiene, likely contributed to the decline in reported cases during this period.

Estimation of Buffering Capacity of Saliva Among 17-21 Years Old Population After Probiotic Yogurt Consumption-A Clinical Trial

The buffering capacity of saliva is a crucial function that serves multiple purposes. The normal pH of saliva is 6.3, and the buffering capacity of saliva maintains it above 5.5, thereby preventing demineralization. In this study, we evaluate the buffering capacity of saliva post-consumption of normal and probiotic yogurt. Therefore, the study's objective was to estimate saliva's buffering capacity among the 17-21-year-old population post-probiotic yogurt and regular yogurt consumption. The buffering capacity of saliva was tested using the Ericsson method (1959), where 0.5 mL of saliva was mixed with 1.5 mL of 5 mmol/L HCl. The mixture was mixed aggressively, centrifuged for a minute, and allowed to stand for 10 minutes. The baseline mean salivary buffering capacity of plain yogurt was , and after 15 days, it decreased to , then it gradually increased to after 30 days of follow-up. The baseline mean salivary buffering capacity of probiotic yogurt was , and after 15 days, it increased to then it increased further to after 30 days of follow-up. Probiotic yogurt reduces the incidence of dental caries by preventing demineralization of the enamel surface caused by reduced pH levels (acidic pH). However, it is seen that the buffering capacity of saliva does not significantly increase after the consumption of probiotic yogurt as compared to regular yogurt.

UJI COBA RANCANGAN MEDIA INTERAKTIF TERHADAP PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN TENTANG KARIES PADA ANAK SEKOLAH DASAR

Dental caries are dental and oral diseases that often occur in communities. Knowledge deficit is an indicator of a high incidence of dental caries. Media is a tool for delivering messages from sender to recipient, which can be used in the process of providing information to increase knowledge. Interactive media is a form of media that contains interactivity or a mutually active relationship between humans (users) and products (media). This study aimed to determine the results of a feasibility test of interactive media design for caries and trials of interactive media design for caries on student knowledge. This was a quantitative study with a pre-experimental design using a one-group pretest-posttest design. Before the trials of interactive media design to students' knowledge, preceded by an assessment of the feasibility test of the interactive media design by media experts. Samples were taken by total sampling with a total sample of 54 fifth grade students at SDIT Daarul Jihad. The results showed that the feasibility test for interactive media design get a feasibility percentage of 93.8% with a very feasible category. The result also showed there was an increase in knowledge of dental caries with an average pre-test score of 66.48 to 90.37 in the post-test average score the average increasing score 26,39. The Wilcoxon test showed a significance level of 0.000 &lt; 0.05. This showed that there was an influence from the results of the trials interactive media design for caries on the increasing knowledge of fifth grade elementary school students.

Dental And Oral Health Counseling Efforts On Students' Knowledge Levels (SDN 02 Tiron Madiun)

Dental and oral health is an integral part of body health. To achieve optimal dental and oral health, periodic treatment must be carried out. At SDN 02 Tiron Madiun, there has never been any socialization about oral and dental health. The purpose of this study is to analyze dental and oral health extension efforts on students' level of knowledge. The research method used is quasi-experimental with a research design of one group pretest posttest design. The study was conducted at SDN 02 Tiron Madiun with 22 respondents. The Wilcoxon signed rank test is used to analyze the data. Based on the data obtained, it shows that 22 respondents have a level of knowledge with a good category, 21 people (95.5%) and this study shows the influence of dental and oral health counseling on students' knowledge level (p = 0.021). Intervention in the form of counseling with poster media can significantly increase student knowledge. Provision of knowledge and teaching about dental and oral health from an early age to reduce the incidence of dental caries in school-age children.

Mapping of dental caries incidence based on geographical information system (gis) in elementary school

Background: Dental caries in Central Java, Indonesia is still important problem, around 43.45% even prevalence of caries in early childhood is still high around 82%. As an effort to control and prevent increasing that case, a risk analysis is needed to determine the risk factors supporting caries. Geographical information system (GIS) as a delivery of information on the spread of disease to support planning efforts. Aim of this study is to determine mapping of distribution dental caries incidence based on GIS concerned to analysis of caries risk factors at Elementary School in Semarang. Methods: Using cross sectional analytic survey with spatial vector map data of 31 public elementary schools at Banyumanik district, Central Java and attribute data on distribution of dental caries. Mapping distribution of caries incidence based on secondary data from City Health Office and Community Health Centre using (Quantum GIS QGIS) and Web GIS software. Results: Elementary schools with caries risk factor environment were good (n=16, 52%) and bad (n=15, 48%), otherwise those with health services were good (n=22, 71%) and bad (n=9, 29%). There was a relationship between caries risk factors and dental caries incidence (p value=0.004) and OR 19.83 (environment) and p value=0.027 and OR 7.917 (health services). Conclusion: Mapping distribution of caries incidence based on GIS was in a very high category influenced by bad environmental factors and poor health services.

Dental Caries and Tooth Brushing Practices among Students Elementary School

Dental caries is a disease that often occurs in mid-childhood (10-12 years), which is a vulnerable period marked by the transition of milk teeth to the growth of permanent teeth. Rikesdas West Sumatra reported the experience of dental caries in 41.74% of children aged 10-14 years, with a prevalence rate in Padang City of 36.71% with the number of sufferers around 6,154 children. This quantitative research aims to determine the prevalence of dental caries and tooth brushing practices among students at SDN 27 Sungai Sapih Kuranji, Padang City. An analytical observational approach was applied, with a total of 100 students selected as respondents using total sampling techniques. Next, the data was collected from November 2022 to February 2023 and analyzed using the Spearman test, then processed using a computerized program. The results showed that the majority showed moderate tooth brushing behavior (82%), while the incidence of dental caries was relatively low (45%). Basically, a significant relationship was found between dental caries and tooth brushing practices among respondents (p = 0.001). Collaboration between dental health professionals and schools is recommended to educate students about the importance of dental and oral care, emphasizing correct toothbrushing techniques, to increase knowledge and practice of oral hygiene.

Prevalence of root caries and associated factors among elderly population visiting a dental teaching hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

Among the oral ailments which are observed by dental practitioners in elderly, root caries is a significant one. It has been reported that about a third of older population bears most of the root caries burden. Root surface caries is one of the significant oral health problems in the elderly, and the incidence of root surface caries has been found to be one of the major risk factors for tooth loss. Limited studies have been carried out on root caries in elderly patients in context of Nepal. Hence, the objective of this study was to find the prevalence of root caries and its associated factors among the elderly population. This observational cross sectional study was done on 188 adult patients of 60 years and above. A specifically designed questionnaire was used to collect the following information: socio-demographic characteristics, use of medication, oral hygiene practices and oral health behaviour. Data were analyzed using Chi square test and descriptive statistics were calculated. It was found that the prevalence of root caries was 61.7% and it increased with age. There was an association between root caries and socioeconomic status which showed root caries was seen more in adults of upper middle class. More of root caries was seen in females, those who were unmarried, taking medications and non vegetarians. Oral hygiene habits and oral health behaviour had a positive impact on root caries. More of root caries was seen on buccal surface of molars.

SITUATION OF DENTAL CARIES AND GINGIVITIS AMONG ETHNIC MINORITY STUDENTS AT BOARDING SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN TUYEN QUANG PROVINCE IN 2017

Objectives: To describe the current status of dental caries and gingivitis among ethnic minority students at boarding secondary schools in Tuyen Quang province in 2017. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 1,665 ethnic minority students at 6 boarding secondary schools in Tuyen Quang Province. The characteristics of the incidence of dental caries and gingivitis were evaluated according to gender; the rates of caries of primary and permanent teeth were evaluated according to school; the rates of caries and the index of lost fillings of primary and permanent teeth, dental caries, the prevalence of tartar, and bleeding gums were evaluated according to school. Results: The rate of dental caries accounted for 59.3%, of which the rate of permanent tooth decay accounted for 52.3%; the rate of baby tooth decay was 44.6%. Among students with tooth decay, 44.4% had enamel caries; dentin caries rate accounted for 34.2%, and 21.5% had complicated caries. The index of decayed, missing, filled, teeth (DMFT) was 1.93, of which permanent teeth were 1.61, lost teeth were 0.20, and filling teeth were 0.11. The index of DMFT of milk teeth was 1.48, the index of decayed teeth was 1.21, the missing teeth were 0.15, and the filling teeth were 0.13. Gum disease accounted for 46.3% of the students studied. The rate of students with tartar was 34.1%. The average rate of students with bleeding gums was 12.3%. Conclusion: Dental caries, gingivitis, and tartar accounted for a relatively high rate among ethnic minority students at boarding secondary schools in Tuyen Quang Province.

Relationship between Child Nutritional Status and Parental Knowledge with the Incidence of Dental Caries among Children at Kemala Bhayangkari 94 Kindergarten of Semarang

ABSTRACTBackground: An indicator for determining a person's dental and oral health status is the presence/absence of diseases in the oral cavity, one of which is dental caries. According to the 2018 Basic Health Research, the prevalence of dental caries in Indonesia was 88.8% with root caries of 56.5%. The incidence of dental caries among children aged 3-4 years and 5-9 years were 81.5% and 92.6%, respectively. Objective: To determine the relationship between child nutritional status and parental knowledge with the incidence of dental caries among children at Kemala Bhayangkari 94 Kindergarten of Semarang. Methods: This was a quantitative study with cross sectional design. The samples consisted of 48 children and 48 parents at Kemala Bhayangkari 94 Kindergarten. Results: There was a relationship between child nutritional status and the incidence of dental caries (p value = 0.003), and there was a relationship between parental knowledge and the incidence of dental caries among children (p value = 0.000). Conclusion: There was a relationship between child nutritional status and parental knowledge with the incidence of caries among children at Kemala Bhayangkari 94 Kindergarten of Semarang.Keywords: Dental caries, Child nutritional status, parental knowledge