Incidence Of Anemia In Pregnancy Research Articles

OPTIMIZATION OF DRUG SUPPLY OFFICER HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS ON THE IMPROVEMENT OF PREGNANT WOMEN WITH ANDROID BASED ANEMIA

Objective: According to WHO, 40% of the maternal mortality rate in developing countries about the incidence of anemia in pregnancy. The incidence of anemia in pregnancy is caused by iron deficiency and acute hemorrhage. The frequency of pregnant women in Indonesia who are anemic are still very high at 63.5% compared to only 6% in the United States [1]. The aim of this research to determine differences in hemoglobin levels before and after supervised by officers to take medication to increase hemoglobin levels in pregnant women with anemia.
 Methods: The research was quasi-experiment using the control group conducted on July 11, s/d August 15th, 2019. The sample in this study was 30 respondents as the experimental group and 30 respondents as a control group, starting with the measurement of hemoglobin of respondents then monitoring the group given the intervention officer taking medication through an android-based application and subsequently re-measured hemoglobin level. Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate through t-test with α = 0.05.
 Results: The result of the univariate analysis showed the average value of maternal age, parity and gestational age is homogeneous with p-value>0.05, which means there is no difference in the characteristics of groups of officers taking medication and without officers taking medication, and the bivariate analysis in getting p-value<0.001 so as to conclude that there are differences in hemoglobin level difference in the group taking medication and the clerk without officers taking medication.
 Conclusion: The conclusion of this research was hemoglobin levels increased in pregnant women with anemia after supervised by officers to take medication and increasing regularity in consuming Fe tablets in pregnant women.

AGE AND PREGNANCY DISTANCE AS A RISK FACTOR FOR ANEMIA CAUSES IN PREGNANT MOTHERS IN THE AREA OF PUBLIC HEALTH CENTRE OF BANJARNEGARA REGENCY

Anemia is a condition where the body has a few numbers of red blood cells (erythrocytes). This condition is commonly found in pregnant women. WHO determines the incidence of anemia in pregnancy ranging from 20% to 89% by determining Hb less than 11 gr%. The purpose of this study was to determine the age and of pregnancy in pregnant women with anemia in the public health centre in Banjarnegara. The method used in this study was descriptive analysis. Sampling-based on total sampling, amounting to 29 people. The results showed that most of the age group numbered 25 respondents (86%), and the majority of respondents pregnancy distance totalled 27 respondents (93%). In conclusion, most respondents in the age and of pregnancy were low-risk categories. However, it was better for a woman who plans to become pregnant to pay attention to proportional age to get pregnant, and a healthy pregnancy distance, one of the things that can be done is to use contraception that is appropriate to the conditions the woman and her purpose whether to deploy, thin out or stop the pregnancy. Keywords : Age, pregnancy distance, anemia, pregnant women

Maternal and Perinatal Morbidity and Mortality Associated With Anemia in Pregnancy.

To estimate the incidence of anemia in pregnancy and compare the maternal and perinatal outcomes of women with and without anemia. We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study on all pregnant women in British Columbia who had a live birth or stillbirth at or after 20 weeks of gestation between 2004 and 2016. Women were diagnosed with anemia based on two criteria: third-trimester hemoglobin value or a delivery admission diagnosis of anemia (made before delivery). Anemia was categorized into no anemia (hemoglobin 11 g/dL or greater), mild (9-10.9 g/dL), moderate (7-8.9 g/dL), severe (less than 7 g/dL), or anemia of unspecified severity (with diagnosis made before delivery). Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% CIs expressing the association between anemia and maternal and perinatal outcomes. Of 515,270 women in the study population, 65,906 (12.8%) had anemia: 11.8%, 0.43%, and 0.02% had mild, moderate, and severe anemia, respectively, and 0.58% had anemia of unspecified severity. Anemic women had longer hospitalization duration and more antenatal admissions, and rates of preeclampsia, placenta previa and cesarean delivery were higher among women with anemia. The intrapartum-postpartum blood transfusion rate was 5.1 per 1,000 among women without anemia, and higher among women with anemia (aOR 2.45, 95% CI 1.74-3.45 for mild anemia; 21.3, 95% CI 12.2-37.3 for moderate anemia; not analyzable for severe anemia; and 48.3, 95% CI 6.60-353.9 for anemia of unspecified severity). Anemia was associated with preterm birth (mild anemia, aOR 1.09, 95% CI 1.05-1.12; moderate anemia, aOR 2.26, 95% CI 2.02-2.54; anemia of unspecified severity, aOR 2.27, 95% CI 2.06-2.50), small-for-gestational-age live birth, low 5-minute Apgar score, neonatal death, and perinatal death. Maternal anemia in pregnancy represents a common and potentially reversible risk factor associated with antepartum, intrapartum, and postpartum maternal morbidity and perinatal morbidity and mortality.

The relationship analysis of compliance consuming iron tablet with incidence of anemia on pregnant mothers in third trimester at the co-endemic areas of Bengkulu City, Indonesia

In developing countries generally, the incidence of anemia in pregnancy is still a major public health problem. This study aims to analyze the compliance of consuming Iron tablets with the incidence of anemia on pregnant mothers in the third trimester at Bengkulu city. This study used cross-sectional design, samples were third trimester pregnant mothers taken by purposive sampling as many as 106 pregnant mothers. Data analysis was carried out by using chi-square and binary logistic regression test. The results of Chi-square test on factors related to compliance, it was obtained that consumption of iron tablets, ANC services, ANC visits, and availability of iron tablets were significantly relationship with the incidence of anemia (p-value <0.05). While the results of binary logistic test stated that the availability of iron tablets was the most dominant influence on the incidence of anemia (pvalue= 0.023), OR 13.95 (95%CI: 1.438- 135.459). It is expected that the local government must pay more attention to plan the need of Iron tablets based on the estimation number of pregnant mothers.

Correlation of maternal hemoglobin with outcome of neonatal gestational age and birth weight

Background: Anemia is the most common nutritional deficiency disorder in the world. Maternal anemia has become one of the major health concerns worldwide. It is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes such as increased rates of maternal and perinatal mortality, premature delivery, low birth weight and certain anomalies. This study was done to find out the correlation between maternal hemoglobin and birth weight and gestational age of newborn at birth.Methods: This is an observational clinical study, which included 1501 pregnant mother and their newborn babies. All singleton live born babies born were examined. The pregnant women’s lowest recorded hemoglobin measurement during pregnancy is correlated with outcomes of neonatal gestational age and birth weight.Results: Majority of the mothers belonged to lower middle class. 59.4% of the mothers were anemic. 21% of the babies born were preterm and 30% of the babies born were low birth weight.Conclusions: In India, according to WHO 2018 data, anemia in pregnancy is 65-75%. Present study outcome shows, preterm deliveries is 12.1% and low birth weight is 17.8% born to anaemic mothers who were 59.4%. The reduction in percentage of anaemic mothers in current study is due to National health programmes. In future, these programs will help to reduce the incidence of anaemia in pregnancy, which in turn will reduce low birth weight and preterm deliveries.

THE AFFECTING ANEMIA OCCURRENCE FACTORS IN PREGNANCY IN SINGKAWANG CITY

Abstract: Anemia is a common health problem during pregnancy. Anemia can cause complications in pregnancy and increase maternal mortality (MMR). The maternal mortality Kota Singkawang reaches 306 / 100,000 live births. In the year 2014 the number of maternal deaths in the city of Singkawang about 80% among them due to bleeding and other causes. This study aims to determine the affect of the incidence of anemia in pregnancy in the city of Singkawang. The method used in this research is cross-sectional study. The data factors processed in univariate with frequency number table, bivariate with cross table 2 X 2 and tested with chi square. While the amount of risk is measured by Odds Ratio. The number of samples is 210 pregnant women taken by simple random sampling. The result of the research was 57.1% of respondents who had anemia. The result of bivariate analysis found that from 4 variables studied, there were 4 variables related to the incidence of anemia that is education (p = 0,0475, OR = 2,000), the number of ANC visits (p = 0.047, OR = 2,000), the parity (p = 0,341, OR = 1,336), the pregnancy distance (p = 0,556 , OR = 0.813). Therefore, to suppress the incidence of anemia in pregnancy and its various effects it is advisable to regulate pregnancy through family planning programs, as well as to note the increase of ANC visits.Keywords: Education, parity, number of ANC visits, pregnancy distance, and anemia.

Anaemia in pregnancy and associated factors: a cross sectional study of antenatal attendants at the Sunyani Municipal Hospital, Ghana

BackgroundAnaemia in pregnancy is an important health issue resulting in high maternal morbidity and mortality. The purpose of the current study was to identify factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women receiving antenatal care at the Sunyani Municipal Hospital in Ghana.MethodsA cross-sectional study involving pregnant women seeking antenatal care at the Sunyani Municipal Hospital was conducted between May and June, 2015. It involved the collection of data on socio demographic and obstetric variables, medical interventions and malaria infection, consumption of iron containing foods and supplements using a case record form and a structured questionnaire. Also, data on haemoglobin concentrations at first and current antenatal visit were collected. Bivariate and multivariate statistical analysis were done to determine factors associated with anaemia.ResultsOut of the 316 participants, 129 (40.8%) were found to be anaemic (Hb <11.0 g/dl) at the time of their first ANC visit (mean Hb: 11.21 g/dl, range 6.8–15.1 g/dl). Seventy-nine (61.2%) of them had mild anemia (Hb 9.0–10.9 g/dl), 48 (37.2%) had moderate anemia (Hb 7.0–8.9 g/dl) whilst 2 (1.6%) had severe anemia (Hb <7.0 g/dl). During their most recent ANC visit, the prevalence of anaemia was found to be similar to that of the first visit with 131 (41.5%) of them being anaemic [mean Hb: 11.24 g/dl, range 8.10–14.5 g/dl]. The haemoglobin levels however improved significantly during the most recent visit compared to the first with none of the women being severely anaemic (Hb <7.0 g/dl). The prevalence of moderate anaemia reduced from 37.2% (CI 28.9–46.2) during the first visit to 19.1% (12.7–26.9) during the most recent visit, a reduction of 48.7%. Malaria infection, frequency at which one consumed fish/snails and gestational age at first ANC visit were the main factors found to be associated with anaemia among the pregnant women.ConclusionsMalaria infection, fish/snails intake and gestational age at first ANC visit were significantly associated with anaemia. Addressing these factors can reduce the incidence of anaemia in pregnancy.

Hubungan Kepatuhan Minum Tablet Fe dengan Anemia Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Grabag II Kabupaten Magelang

Background : Anemia in pregnant women in a national problem. In Indonesia, the incidence of anemia in pregnancy is quite high. Anemia prevention program does is provide iron tablet that preparations Fe. How to consume tablets Fe followed by respondents as important to follow the advice given by the researchers then the tendency will increase in hemoglobin levels as expected.&#x0D; Objective : Given the relationship between adherence Fe tablets in pregnant women with anemia Puskesmas Grabag II Magelang regency.&#x0D; Methods : This study is a correlational research analytic, using a cross- sectional survey design. The sampling technique used was purposive sample of the number of samples in this study were 134 respondents.&#x0D; Results : There was a relationship adherence Fe tablets with maternal anemia status in Puskesmas Grabag II Magelang regency with p value of 0.000 (0.000 &lt; 0.05) and the relationship is strong enough that the value of the Contingency Coefficient 0.556.&#x0D; Conclusion : There is a relationship adherence Fe tablets with maternal anemia status.

Relationship between Maternal Haemoglobin and Fetal Weight

Aims: This study was done to determine the relationship between maternal haemoglobin and fetal weight. Methods: This study was carried out at Paropakar Maternity and Women’s Hospital in 491 primigravidas with full term singleton pregnancy. The study population was divided into two groups, one who had haemoglobin 10 gm% or more and the other women having haemoglobin less than 10 gm%. Fetal weight as the outcome variable was compared between anaemic and nonanaemic mothers and the relation between maternal haemoglobin and fetal weight was studied. Results: The prevalence of anaemia was 46.2% out of which 99.5% had mild anaemia and 0.5% had moderate anaemia. Mean haemoglobin level was 11.54 gm% among non anaemic women and mean birth weight was 2.9 kg in this group whereas mean haemoglobin level was 9.2 gm% in anaemic women and mean birth weight was 2.6 kg in this group and 60% babies had low birth weight (&lt;2.5 kg) born to anaemic women (haemoglobin &lt;10 gm%), and 40% babies had fetal weight &gt;2.5 kg. Similarly babies born to nonanaemic women (haemoglobin &gt;10 gm%) 18.1% had LBW and 81.9% had fetal weight &gt;2.5 kg. The risk of low birth weight was 6.8 times higher among anaemic mothers as compared to non- anaemic mothers which was statistically significant with p-value of 0.0001 (OR 6.80 95% CI, 3.83-12.12). Conclusions: Anemia in pregnancy is one of the causes for poor fetal outcome. Proper antenatal care and counseling can reduce the incidence of anaemia in pregnancy. Nepal Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology / Vol 8 / No. 1 / Issue 15 / Jan- June, 2013 / 37-40 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njog.v8i1.8860

Seasonal Incidence of Anemia in Pregnancy in Ibadan

There was a distinct seasonal incidence of severe anemia in pregnancy and the puerperium seen in Ibadan during the years studied (1961–1964), with a maximum between May and July each year when up to 47 patients may be seen in 1 month. The variation of incidence was the result of folate deficiency at a time of food shortage, and was not due to an increase of malarial transmission or hemolysis. It is suggested that the fall in the incidence of folate deficiency seen about August follows the harvesting of the new yam crop.

Incidence of anemia in pregnancy: Influence of social circumstances and other factors: Reid and Mackintosh: Lancet 1: 43, 1937

Incidence of anemia in pregnancy: Influence of social circumstances and other factors: Reid and Mackintosh: Lancet 1: 43, 1937

THE PREVENTION OF HYPOCHROMIC ANEMIA IN PREGNANCY

Within the past decade the high incidence of anemia in pregnancy has become generally appreciated. Although the work of Strauss and Castle,¹Dieckmann and Wegner²and others has indicated that a 10 to 20 per cent lowering of the hemoglobin during pregnancy may be the result of hydremia and not represent true anemia, approximately 25 per cent of otherwise normal women are definitely anemic following parturition.³The vast majority of such patients have anemia of the hypochromic variety,⁴which has come to be associated with a virtual deficiency of available iron for purposes of blood regeneration within the body. Strauss and Castle,⁵Davies and Shelley⁶and other clinicians have shown that in pregnancy this anemia is to be associated not only with the presence of the fetus but also with gastric secretory defects and inadequate diets and usually may be completely relieved equally well