Incidence Of Accidental Injuries Research Articles

Efficacy of Continuous Prevention of Injury Combined with Interfereuce of Pain on Enhancement of Physical Safety and Pain Control in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

To analyze the efficacy of continuous prevention injury combined with interference of pain on enhomcement of physical safety inside and outside hospital and pain control in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Two hundred and thirty-three MM patients admitted in our hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were divided into 2 group according to odd-even number of hospitalization: routine nursing group (odd number) and combined nursing group (ever number). 119 patients in routine nursing group were given routine nursing, 114 patients in combined nursing group were given combined nursing consisting of continuous prevention of injury combined with interference of pain. The safety event incidence, pain relief, life quality and mental status of patients in 2 groups were compared. The incidence of accidental injuries and disease damages in combined nursing group was significantly lower than that in routine nursing group (3.51% and 4.29% vs 11.76% and 12.61%) (P＜0.05). The numeric rating scale (NRS) pain score on the day of hospitalization was not significantly different between 2 groups (P＞0.05), after interference, the NRS score and the six-point behavior score in combined nursing group were superior to those in routine nursing group (P＜0.05). Before interference, the life quality scores were not significantly different between 2 groups (P＞0.05), after interference, the some indicators of life quality in 2 groups were impromoved, the scores of physical function, role function, coguitive function, emotional function, and social function of patients in combined nursing group were superior to those in routine nursing group, the scores related with fatigue, nausea and vomiting, pain, loss of appetite, insomnia and overall health status of patients in combined nursing group were superior to those in routine nursing group (P＜0.05). Before interference, there were no significant difference in scores of HAMA scale and HAMD scale between 2 groups (P＞0.05), after interference, the scores of HAMA scale and HAMD scale in 2 groups both decreased, but the scores of above-mentioned scales in combined nursing group was lower than those in routine nursing group (P＜0.05). The Continuous prevention of injury combined with interference of pain shows the better safety of inside and outside hospital and good efficacy of pain control for MM patients.

A Study to Assess the Knowledge of Mothers of Preschoolers regarding Home Accidents and Their Prevention in a Selected Rural Community of Moradabad, UP

A house is an exciting place for infants and small children, who love to explore but are not aware of the potential dangers. Life cannot be risk-free, but most household accidents can be prevented by utilizing a household safety list. The incidence of accidental injuries is increasing in India, especially home accidents, among children. The main causes of accidents at home are falls, fire, burns, drowning, suffocation, choking, poisoning, cuts, and lacerations with a large number happening in the living room but, however, the most serious ones happen in the kitchen. The mother should know about the home safety needs of under-five children because mothers are usually the caregivers, and who will be at home with the child. Therefore, the investigator felt the real need for assessing the knowledge of mothers of preschoolers on home accidents and their prevention. The research approach selected for the present study was quantitative research and the research design as descriptive survey design. The data collection tool was a structured interview schedule, and the technique used was interviewing. Sixty mothers of preschoolers were selected through purposive sampling technique and were interviewed to collect the data. Analysis of the data indicated that the majority (83%) of mothers of preschoolers was having moderate knowledge followed by 12% mothers having adequate knowledge and only 5% had inadequate knowledge regarding home accidents and their prevention. It also showed a significant association between knowledge regarding home accidents and their prevention with employment status and educational level of mothers. Thus it can be concluded that most of the mothers of preschoolers have moderate knowledge regarding home accidents and their prevention.

Abnormal Sleep Duration Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Accidental Injury.

Develop normative data for adult sleep duration and determine if nonstandard sleep time relates to the likelihood of accidental injury. Cross-sectional analysis. National health information database. The National Health Interview Survey, 2004-2013, was examined for adult sleep time and accidental injury within the past 3 months. The mean hours slept per night was determined. The relationship between sleep time and incidence of accidental injury was determined for any injury, injury while driving, and injury while working, adjusting for demographic variables. Among 221.4 million adults (raw sample, N = 282,692), the mean sleep time was 7.17 hours (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 7.16-7.18 hours). Men and women slept very similar times (7.14 vs 7.17 hours, respectively), and sleep time decreased until the fifth decade (minimum, 6.99 hours), increasing each decade thereafter; 2.81% of adults reported being accidentally injured in the preceding 3 months. Too little sleep and excessive sleep times were both associated with higher rates of accidental injury (odds ratio per hour of deviation from mean, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.12-1.19]), adjusting for age, sex, marital status, and education level. Similar increased odds ratios were noted for injury while driving (1.11 [95% CI, 1.01-1.22]) and injury while at work (1.12 [95% CI, 1.04-1.20]) with sleep time deviation. Most adults sleep between 7 and 8 hours nightly. Adults with sleep time outside this range, with either less or more sleep, have increased rates of accidental injury. These data highlight the need for sufficient quantity and quality of sleep in preventing accidental injury.

Guns and states

A recent report indicates that firearm-related injuries are responsible for 30% of pediatric trauma fatality. The literature is however limited in examining pediatric firearm injuries and variations in state gun control laws. Therefore, we sought to examine the association between pediatric firearm injuries and the Stand-Your-Ground (SYG) and Child Access Protection (CAP) laws. All pediatric (age, 0-20 years) hospitalizations with firearm injuries were identified from the Kids' Inpatient Database from 2006 and 2009. States were compared for SYG and CAP laws. A total of 19,233 firearm injury hospitalizations were identified, with 64.7% assault, 27.2% accidental, and 3.1% suicide injury. Demographics for assault injury were as follows: mean age of 17.6 years, 88.4% male, 44.4% black, 18.2% Hispanic, 70.5% from metropolitan areas, and 50.1% from the poorest median income neighborhoods. Suicide injury cases were more likely to be white (57.8% vs. 16.6%, p < 0.001) and female (15.1% vs. 9.8%, p < 0.001). States with the SYG law were associated with increased accidental injury (odds ratio [OR], 1.282; p < 0.001). There was no statistical association between CAP law and the incidence of accidental injury or suicide. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found other predictive demographic factors for firearm injury: black (OR, 6.164), urban areas (OR, 1.557), poorest median income neighborhoods (OR, 2.785), male (OR, 28.602), and 16 years or older (OR, 37.308). Total economic burden was estimated at more than $1 billion dollars, with a median length of stay of 3 days, 8.4% discharge to rehabilitation, and 6.2% in-hospital mortality. Pediatric firearm injuries continue to be a significant source of morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. A significant increase in accidental firearm injuries in states with the SYG law may highlight inadvertent effects of the law. Race, sex, and median income are additional contributing factors. Advocacy and focused educational efforts for specific socioeconomic and racial groups may potentially reduce firearm injuries. Prognostic study, level II.

Analysis of risk factors for accidental injury of children in emergency department of children' s hospital

Objective To understand the status of accidental injury children in emergency department of children' s hospital and discuss the risk factors of accidental injury in children to provide a scientific basis of prevention. Methods This study investigate parents on-site by questionnaire. We investigate 68 cases whose ages were 0~10 years. They came to emergency department due to accident. The investigation includes the incidence of accidental injuries, risk factors, and then a multi-factor logistic regression analysis would be done.Results The protective factor for children is mothers with high education level and children attending school.Children who have been injured in accident is the risk factor. Conclusions The occurrence of accidental injuries of children is the result of interaction of multiple factors, each factor should be taken for comprehensive preventive measures. Key words: Children; Accidental injuries; Risk factors; Logistic regression analysis

SOME APPLICATIONS OF DELINQUENCY THEORY TO CHILDHOOD ACCIDENTS

The past two decades have witnessed an increasing recognition on the part of the physician and the behavioral scientist that the state of a person's health—indeed, even his likelihood of surviving infancy or of being institutionalized for mental illness-is closely related to his social status and to the social, political, economic, and cultural characteristics of his community, his state, and his nation. With the growth of interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research, such "purely biological" phenomena as infant mortality, mental illness, malnutrition, and venereal disease have come to concern the sociologist and the anthropologist as strongly as they have the physician and the epidemiologist. Accidental injury and death, however, have to a large extent remained outside the sphere of interdisciplinary scrutiny. One reason for this neglect stems from the fact that data on accidental injury are so much less reliable than other health data as to be virtually unusable. Perhaps another reason is that the concept of an accident as an "act of God" persists in the minds of otherwise sophisticated persons—and "acts of God" seem somehow unrelated to the social and cultural environment in which they occur. Regardless of the reasons, however, the fact remains that, although a good deal is known about the socioeconomic and cultural conditions that influence the infant mortality rate, mental illness, and cardiovascular accidents, very little is known about the relationship between social conditions and the incidence of accidental injury and death. The following paper does nothing to advance our knowledge of this relationship. But it points out the gaps in our present knowledge, warns against pitfalls that are more familiar to behavioral than to medical scientists, and pleads for the application of sound sociological theory to a problem which is as much social as it is medical.

A Controlled Study of Health Education in Accident Prevention

THE HE ROCKLAND County Child Injury Prevention Project was developed as a controlled study to test the possible effects of public health education of groups of parents on the incidence of accidental injuries among their young children. Suchman and Scherzer 1 have emphasized the need for controlled studies in accident prevention in childhood, especially since the future course of mortality in the age group from 1 to 15 years is largely dependent on the death rate from accidents and other violence. 2 Furthermore, accidental injuries leading to death are only a small fraction of the accidents which result in temporary or permanent disability. Three general approaches have been used in the effort to reduce the rate of accidents among children: application of engineering or environmental measures, enforcement of legal measures, and public education in safe behavior. Education may be conducted in a one-to-one relationship, as is done by the practicing

MEDICALLY ATTENDED INJURIES AMONG YOUNG CHILDREN. OBSERVATIONS IN A SURBURBAN AREA.

Pediatricians have manifested increasing concern with the problem of childhood accidents, yet relatively little information is available on the nature and extent of nonfatal accidental injuries in childhood which come to the attention of physicians practicing in suburban communities. The present paper provides information on such accidents occurring to children under 7 years of age in a new, fairly homogenous, suburban area. The information was obtained in the course of a four-year control study to test the effect of intensive community educational efforts on the incidence of accidental injury among preschool children. The Child Injury Prevention Project is being conducted in Rockland County, located on the west bank of the Hudson River about 30 miles north of New York City. Rockland County embodies many of the changes taking place in large metropolitan areas. In a relatively short time, it has changed from a sedate area of large estates and heavily