Inbound Tourism Market Research Articles

Research on Tourism English Translation Based on Cultural Difference

Tourism, especially foreign tourism, is a kind of typical cross-cultural communicative activity. Tourism English translation is involved in all aspects of cultural differences in China and western countries. Therefore, it is essential to master the skills when translating. Through analyzing the four main factors that affect the tourism English translation and from the respective of Chinese and Western cultural differences and different rhetorical in tourism English, this paper puts forward constructive ideas to further improve the accuracy of English translation in travel information, and thus make the tourists in the world have a better understanding of China. With the rapid development of globalization and the acceleration of international exchange, crosss-border tourism is showing a rapid development trend. As one of the preferred world’s places—China, a large number of monuments scenic spots attract the bulk of international tourists come to China and visit it every year. The translation of tourist information becomes an important way to promote and publicize the tourism landscape to overseas, and the translation quality of tourism information can directly affect the Chinese tourism industry, especially the prospects and development of inbound tourism market. Meanwhile, the English translation of tourism shoulders the great mission of the heritage of the exchange between Chinese and Western cultures, and it plays an important and immeasurable role in the dissemination of culture, the elimination of cultural differences, the integration of culture, and the protection of cultural aspects etc.

Patterns of political instability and inbound tourism to South Korea

AbstractSouth Korea’s political instability continues to be provoked by North Korea’s military threats. In the decade from 2004 to 2013, 14 incidents of military tension between South (ROK) and North Korea (DPRK) were recorded. The risks were due to nuclear and missile tests, the death of Kim Jong-il, and two brushfire wars. This research investigated the relationship between the political risks and the trends in inbound tourists to South Korea. In particular, incremental historical volatility demand trends are considered in the context of political events using a stochastic method. The results indicate a significant causal relationship between the types of political risk and the different patterns of volatility seen. Since 2003, the brushfire wars included the artillery attack on Yeonpyeong Island and the sinking of the South Korean Navy’s Corvette Warship. These events had the biggest political impact on the volatility of the inbound tourist market, and all risks had a direct effect on the volatile patt...

Examining the Korean Inbound Tourism Market Cycle: A Markov Regime-Switching Model

This study analyzes the Korean inbound tourism market (KITM) cycle and the driving forces of the KITM cycle. Based on data of tourism receipts from 1976 Q1 to 2012 Q2, the Markov regime-switching model identifies two distinct regimes of the KITM cycle: a high-growth regime and a low-growth regime, each with its own mean, variance, and duration. Moreover, in addition to the growth rate of tourist arrivals, the growth rate of international trade is found to be significant in keeping the KITM cycle in the high-growth regime. Empirical findings can offer essential information and policy implications for Korean government tourism policymakers and business managers.

A quantile regression analysis of tourism market growth effect on the hotel industry

This study used the quantile regression method to investigate how inbound tourism market growth proxied by the growth rate of total foreign tourist arrivals (GTA) affects the growth rate of sales (GS) and financial performance of hotel firms in Taiwan. The ordinary least squares estimation results of panel regression test revealed that GTA significantly affects GS, but has no significant effect on financial performance (proxied by hotel equity return). However, quantile regression tests revealed new and interesting results. GTA has a significant effect on GS at the different quantiles of GS. In comparison, although hotel equity return was not significantly related to GTA at the median and high quantiles, the effect of GTA on hotel equity return was statistically significant at the low quantiles. These results suggest that the effect of GTA on hotel equity return is asymmetric and state-dependent, conditional on the distributions of hotel equity return. The study further identified that GTA has a significant influence only on equity returns of hotels with a small size.

Smartphone Adoption amongst Chinese Youth during Leisure-based Tourism: Challenges and Opportunities

With the spread of Information communications technology (ICT) in China, the tourism industry has come to recognize the importance of examining the factors that influence adoption of smartphones during leisure-based tourism among Chinese youth, a vital segment in what the world’s greatest domestic, inbound, and outbound tourism market will be by 2020. Using data collected from undergraduate students at a university in China, this study, based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and theory of reasoned action (TRA), found that an extended model can predict travelers’ intentions. A detailed profile of Chinese youth and their smartphone usage is provided, and the managerial implications of increased adoption of Internet-capable smartphones during leisure-based tourism are also explored.

The Impact of the Chinese Tourism Market on Taiwan Residents’ Attitudes

ABSTRACTAlthough the development of Chinese tourists to Taiwan is a relatively recent phenomenon, China has quickly become a major tourist-generating market in Taiwan. The study aimed to investigate Taiwan residents’ perceptions of tourism impacts from the largest inbound tourism market of Chinese tourists to Taiwan, and their attitudes toward the development of the Chinese tourism market, the largest source of tourism in Taiwan’s inbound tourism market. This study employed questionnaires to acquire data from Taiwan residents using a convenience sampling method. The results showed that respondents with different backgrounds perceived different tourism quality impacts, overall tourism impacts, and attitudes toward tourism development of the inbound tourism market. Respondents’ attitudes toward tourism development were influenced by their perceptions of tourism quality impacts and overall tourism impacts. The perception of overall tourism impact is a significant predicator of attitude toward tourism development. Based on the study findings, the study provides suggestions for future development of the Chinese inbound tourism market and for future studies.

Understanding travel motivations of Chinese tourists visiting Cairns, Australia

Using survey data sets collected in 2008 and 2012, this study provides insights into the demographic profile, travel characteristics and travel motivations of Chinese tourists to Cairns. Strong correlations between the push and pull factors indicate that the attributes Cairns offers largely match the Chinese tourists' push motivational factors, which may explain why China has been Cairns' fastest-growing inbound tourism market. The special attributes of Cairns such as the Great Barrier Reef and reef-associated activities could be promoted in the Chinese market to strengthen Chinese tourists' push motivations. This study also suggests that certain groups such as females, people under 30 years of age and high income earners could be specifically targeted in tourism promotions as these groups tend to place higher values on the features and lifestyle of Cairns. Given that most of the respondents are experienced travellers, the findings of this study provide some empirical support for the travel career pattern theory of travel motivation.

International Tourists' Decision Timing: Cross-National Differences

This study concerns decision timing in international tourism; that is, the amount of time that elapses between a decision being made to visit a foreign country and the trip actually taking place. In particular, the focus is on differences in decision times among tourists of different nationalities. The empirical setting is the inbound summer tourism market in Norway, and the data are based on a large-scale visitor survey conducted in 2011. The average international tourist visiting Norway during the 2011 summer season made the decision to do so about six months in advance; however, there were noticeable national differences in this regard. Furthermore, the results show that certain other independent variables contribute to the statistical explanation of variations in decision times. The implications for further research and marketing are discussed.

Driving factors of the hospitality industry cycle

This study applies a Markov regime-switching model to examine Taiwan's hospitality industry based on the gross domestic product data of the hospitality industry from 1982Q1 to 2012Q2. On understanding the characteristics of Taiwan's hospitality industry, the study performs Granger causality tests to identify the driving factors of Taiwan's hospitality industry cycle. Two regimes of the hospitality industry cycle – a high-growth regime (HGR) and a low-growth regime (LGR) – are detected. Specifically, the average growth rate of HGR (LGR) is 3.01% (2.17%) and the standard deviation of HGR (LGR) is 0.69% (0.19%). The probability of the hospitality industry staying in HGR (LGR) is 98.25% (97.52%) and the expected duration of HGR (LGR) is about 57 (40) quarters. Further, the inbound tourism market growth is found to be a significant driving factor that can cause the hospitality industry to remain in the HGR. Valuable information and policy implications are provided to guide hospitality business managers and tourism policy-makers.

Forecast and Inspection of Inbound Tourism Market in China

Forecast and Inspection of Inbound Tourism Market in China

Tourists' Length of Stay: The Case of International Summer Visitors to Norway

Tourists' length of stay is a variable of key importance for any tourism destination due to its crucial effect on overall tourism expenditure. This study, using several econometric techniques, examines how nationality and a number of other independent variables affect length of stay. The empirical setting is the inbound summer tourism market in Norway, and the data refer to a large-scale visitor survey conducted in 2007. The results show that nationality explains many of the differences in length of stay among international visitors to Norway. The results also highlight how international visitors' age, spending patterns and other trip-related characteristics are associated with length of stay. The implications of the findings for tourism policy, segmentation and further research are, finally, discussed.

Impacts of High Oil Prices on Tourism in New Zealand

Global oil supply is unlikely to meet rapidly growing global demand unless oil prices rise significantly. In New Zealand, a high oil price future threatens the tourism sector, which is a major source of export income. Using a two-stage general equilibrium modelling approach, the long-run economic effects of a permanent decline in the global oil supply are quantified. The tourism sector and especially tourism exports are disproportionately affected, due to a combination of income and price effects. Impacts differ significantly by inbound tourist market segments. The most distant markets are more adversely affected, but distance is only one of several important factors.

The Study of Chinese Tourists' Motivations to Canada

China has emerged as an important inbound tourist market for Canada, especially after the United States implemented new border crossing regulations between Canada and the United States. Though Canada was granted approved destination status (ADS) just recently by the Chinese government, the number of Chinese tourists visiting Canada has increased significantly in recent years. To better understand why Chinese tourists choose Canada as a tourist destination, the study focused on the motivations of Chinese tourists who visit Canada by applying the concept model of push and pull factors. The results show that Chinese tourists are attracted by the unique attractions, high quality of Canadian life, appealing travel ads, shopping opportunities, and Canadian cosmopolitan city life. The reasons for visiting Canada include prestige, family ties, exploration, and escape/leisure.

Research Note: Long-Lasting Effects and Welfare Costs of Fluctuations

The tourism industry is growing rapidly but is also highly fluctuating. Using China's inbound tourism market as the object and based on the B–N data decomposition theory, this paper adopts the statistics of variance ratio to measure the long-lasting effects of stochastic fluctuations on China's inbound tourism industry. It also discusses the influences of stochastic fluctuations and the decreasing growth rate on the welfare of China's inbound tourism. The conclusion is that undoubtedly China's inbound tourism industry will continue to grow, but the impact of stochastic shocks will endure for a relatively long time. Twenty-four per cent of the long-term fluctuation of China's inbound tourism industry is the result of stochastic shocks, whose effect, in the short term, will continue to be reinforced. Though the elimination of fluctuations will increase welfare by 0.40%, lowering the growth rate will decrease welfare by a larger percentage. If the monthly growth rate decreases by 0.1%, welfare will fall by about 19.37%, 48 times the amount of welfare loss without fluctuation. Therefore, China's inbound tourism business should stick to the long-term policy of facilitating growth, while some administrative and legislative measures should be taken to address the negative impact of stochastic fluctuation appropriately.

Comparative Study of Characteristics of Asian Tourists in the United States - Focusing on Korea, China, Taiwan and Japan -

The purpose of this paper is to investigate and compare the characteristics of the Asian outbound tourists to the United States. This study will contribute towards the new government and market policy formation pertaining to both the tourist generating and receiving countries. This paper serves as a window for understanding trends and characteristics of outbound tourism in Korea, China, Taiwan and Japan by describing the travelers’ characteristics and travel patterns of the visitors to the United States from 1996 to 2009. This paper also identifies the estimation of income and price elasticity which can be used in developing better informed public and private policies regarding the tourism demand. The results of this study indicate that Japan among the Asia is the number one inbound tourist market in the U.S. in terms of arrivals and expenditures. However, the highest spending per traveler is the Chinese tourist. The average price elasticity was estimated at about -1.671, while income and GNI elasticity were at 1.225 and 2.432. The statistical difference among the studied countries was not significant except the income elasticity. The main characteristics of the travel patterns from the Asian countries indicate that the Chinese traveler are mostly for business, although they enjoy sightseeing, on the other hand, the majority of the Japanese tourists to the U.S. tend to be short holiday trips of 8 days, minute in comparison with 29 day tours of Chinese tourists.

Economic Effect on the Inbound Tourism Market of the Great East Japan Earthquake

2011年3月11日に起きた東日本大震災の影響は，上昇局面にあった訪日外国人市場に大きな影響を与えた．この論文は，利用可能な速報データに基づいて，震災による訪日外国人市場への影響について数量的に把握しようとしたものである． 訪日市場への影響は，国籍別，目的別，地域別等のセグメント別にみると一様では無いことから，本論文では，震災後の客層の変化について分析を行うとともに，客層変化の結果としての費目別消費構成の変化方向について整理した．次に，2011 年3-9 月期の訪日外客消費額と，震災の短期的影響として前年同期消費額との差額を試算した．最後に，2005 年産業連関表を基に作成した分析用 62 部門連関表を用いて，訪日外客消費の減少による負の経済波及効果を推計した．外客消費額の減少額は 3,009億円と推計され，これによる負の経済効果は，生産波及効果で6,685 億円，付加価値効果で3,271 億円，雇用効果は559百人と推計された．

Identifying economically potential inbound markets for Malaysian tourism industry

The key objective of this study is to determine and analyze the impacts of inbound tourism on the Malaysian economy using an input-output analysis. With the view of accomplishing the key objective, this study also explores the economic potential of inbound markets for the Malaysian tourism industry. As central to any economic impact analysis, tourism multipliers are estimated from the inverse of Leontief’s input-output matrix. The empirical results reveal two interesting observations concerning inbound tourism impacts on Malaysian economy. These are, firstly, tourism sectors that produce larger multipliers do not generate larger total economic impact, and secondly, inbound markets with highest per capita do not yield highest economic impact. Therefore, this study concludes that an economic sector with lower multipliers should not be neglected and that the contribution of inbound tourism market generating lower per capita expenditure should not be ignored when preparing appropriate tourism marketing and public policies for developing economies.

Tourism market segmentation in Iran

AbstractThis study was a prototype segmentation of Iran's inbound tourism market with a concentration on culture. The focus of this paper was to introduce a step by step description of the methodology used to segment Iran's inbound tourism market. In the first phase, cluster analysis was employed to segment the entire market based on two dimensions of tourists' expenditure and cultural traits. In the second phase, the resulting clusters were divided into further subgroups using a common sense approach. Additional variables were utilised to profile the segments, and finally, the segmentation process was verified through outcome analysis. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Towards a Conceptualization of Unethical Marketing Practices in Tourism: a Case‐Study of Australia's Inbound Chinese Travel Market

This paper has a twofold purpose: to identify the types and impacts of unethical practices in an international travel market and to offer a generic model to enhance our understanding of the causes and consequences of such practices. The Chinese outbound market is used as a case study. The choice of China is timely and appropriate, given that the country is forecast to be one of the world's major outbound markets by 2010 with over 100 million leaving mainland China (World Tourism Organization [WTO], 2006). The research setting is the Chinese inbound tourism market to Australia where the Chinese market has grown substantially since Approved Destination Status (ADS) was granted in 1999. The implications of this research for European and North American tourism operators are significant, given the 2005 agreement between the European Commission and the Chinese authorities that allows group travel from China into Europe. Using the long‐interview technique with industry participants in Australia and China a conceptual framework of the environment in which unethical practices occur is provided. A model illustrating antecedents, impacts, and outcomes of unethical practices is offered. Key managerial findings include the unhealthy consolidation of channel power in the Chinese market and the influence of ethnic networks across borders. Several key issues requiring further research are highlighted.

Estimating Volatility of American Tourist Demand with a Pleasure purpose in Korea Inbound Tourism Market

Estimating Volatility of American Tourist Demand with a Pleasure purpose in Korea Inbound Tourism Market