Inappropriate Behavior Research Articles

Establishing Integrative Framework for Sustainable Reef Conservation in Karimunjawa National Park, Indonesia

The Coral Triangle region is facing negative impacts due to unbalanced carrying capacity and inappropriate public behavior, leading to unsustainable reef tourism. As a result, there has been increased awareness and preference for sustainable reef conservation (SRC). This study evaluates the integrative perspective framework of tourists’ heterogeneity preferences in SRC programs using a choice experiment conducted in Karimunjawa National Park (KNP), Indonesia. The study found that tourists preferred boat anchoring at the mooring buoy, a lower number of boats, smaller tourist groups with interpretation, added information boards, and environmental awareness education. Additionally, this research revealed that most tourists preferred the alternative SRC program and had a heterogeneous preference, which showed different features among each group. The scenario of an integrative program generated the highest value compared to the “recreational management” and “institutional control” scenarios. This evidence can assist policymakers in adapting policies for SRC programs and in potentially securing conservation funds associated with enhancing the institutional aspects of carrying capacity and marine environmental education for sustainable marine development.

Faktor Determinan yang Memengaruhi Perilaku Swadiagnosis dan Swamedikasi pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran dan Non-Kedokteran

Self-diagnosis and self-medication are some of the global health phenomena. Inappropriate behavior may lead to harmful effects such as misdiagnosis, antibiotic resistance, etc. Determinant factors such as age, gender, ownership of health insurance, and others are influencing self-medication. This study aims to find the prevalence of self-diagnosis and self-medication and the determinant factors influencing self-medication in university students. This study used a cross-sectional method conducted in April 2021 online. Using consecutive non-probability sampling, the research sample successfully obtained was 184 medical and non-medical faculty students. The research data were analyzed in univariate and bivariate. The prevalence of self-diagnosis and self-medication was 64.1% and 46.7% in the medical faculty-student group, then 63.0% and 43.5% in the non-medical faculty-student group. Duration of illness in the medical faculty-student group, self-diagnosis, and support from other persons in both groups of respondents significantly correlated with self-medication (p-value

Decision Challenges for Managing Acute Paediatric Infections: Implications for Antimicrobial Resistance.

Overprescribing of antibiotics in paediatrics accounts for a significant proportion of inappropriate antibiotic use in human healthcare, thereby contributing to the global health emergency of antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship efforts are complicated by the unique social dynamics in paediatric healthcare, with a specific challenge being the prominent role of parents and carers who act as intermediaries between prescribers and paediatric patients. In this Perspective article concentrating on healthcare of the United Kingdom, we describe this complicated interplay of different decision stakeholders (patients, parents and prescribers), outline four dimensions of decision challenges (social, psychological, systemic and specific diagnostic and treatment challenges) and provide a number of theory-based strategies for supporting different stakeholders during the decision process, ultimately with the aim of improving antimicrobial stewardship. Key decision challenges for patients and carers include limited knowledge and experience of managing infections, which were exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic and frequently result in health anxiety and inappropriate health-seeking behaviours. Challenges for medical prescribers span societal pressures from prominent patient litigation cases, cognitive biases, and system pressures to specific diagnostic problems (e.g., age limitations of current clinical scoring systems). Strategies for mitigating decision challenges in paediatric infection management will need to include a range of context- and stakeholder-specific actions, including improvements of integrated care and public health education as well as better clinical decision tools and access to evidence-based guidelines.

Attitudes et comportements face à l’image corporelle et l’alimentation chez un groupe d’adolescentes athlètes exerçant un sport de type esthétique à un haut niveau : l’influence des pressions de l’environnement sportif et de l’identité athlétique

ObjectivesThe first objective of this study was to describe and compare the intensity of inappropriate behaviors and attitudes toward food and body image (BAFBI) and the degree of internalization of athletic identity in a group of adolescent female athletes to those assessed in a control group. The second objective was to examine the contribution of sport-specific pressures on the variability in the intensity of BAFBI among the group of athletes. The third objective was to test whether the internalization of athletic identity acts as a moderating variable in the relationship between sport environment pressures and BAFBI. MethodThe sample consisted of 197 adolescent girls , 122 non-athletes and 75 athletes participating in high performance aesthetic sports. The Eating Disorder Inventory-3 (EDI-3) and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) were used to assess the intensity of BAFBI. Pressures from the sport environment were measured by the Weight Pressures in Sport for Female questionnaire (WPS-F) and the degree of internalization to athletic identity was assessed using the Athletic Identity Questionnaire (AIQ). ResultsThe results indicated that there is no significant difference between the two groups in the intensity of the BAFBI. The athlete group differed in their perception of the degree of internalization to athletic appearance. The results revealed that certain pressures in the sport environment contribute to the explanation of the variability of BAFBI among the group of athletes. Internalization of athletic identity was not a moderating variable between sport environment pressures and BAFBI among the participating athletes. ConclusionsThe results of this study highlight the influence of certain pressures in the sport environment on the adoption of various BAFBI in adolescent athletes.

Le viol des bébés, repérage et prise en charge

Le viol des bébés, repérage et prise en charge

Study on Juvenile Delinquency among Adolescents in Secondary Schools

Today, more than ever, the problem of juvenile delinquency pricks at the conscience of many societies, and India is not an exception. In this study, the researcher discusses the experiences and views of teachers of secondary schools regarding juvenile delinquency and the apparent moral decline among their learners. The problem was investigated from the perspective of socio-education, a field of research which, amongst others, studies the role of social factors that feature in the development of children and youth during their growth to adulthood. In Indian schools, the problem of juvenile delinquency is a issue. In his article on discipline in the Free State township schools, Masitsa (2008: 234- 236), cites a number of newspaper reports of juvenile delinquency among school children. This problem is not unique to South Africa, but affects many industrialised countries today (Rossouw, 2003: 416). De Wet’s study (2004: 206) on school vandalism, which is an example of antisocial behaviour, reveals that the problem also affects Britain, USA, Canada, France, the Netherlands and Australia, amongst others. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The research design for this study was a combination of quantitative and mainly qualitative, descriptive and interpretive enquiry, thus a mixed method research (MMR) approach. The study conducted on 91 samples. Data was collected using questionnaire and focus group interview. RESULTS: The delinquency rates in selected schools are very high. In addition, it was found that male learners, more than female learners, exhibit the most antisocial behaviour. In general, both genders, at varying rates disrespect authority, have the habit of lying, engage in theft, vandalism, truancy, substance and alcohol abuse, inappropriate sexual behaviour resulting in teenage pregnancy, and gangsterism, amongst others. The variable of location indicates that schools in formerly disadvantaged areas such as townships, squatter and rural areas experience the most antisocial behaviours by learners, as compared to their counterparts in formerly advantaged areas. Most teachers’ personal encounters of the problem in city schools seemed to be minimal. Some teachers of schools that are situated in middle class areas in townships shared similar sentiments to those of their city counterparts. Although the rate of learner misconduct is alarming, it can be contained as evidenced by behavioural changes witnessed in those learners who are remorseful. This suggests that intervention strategies do play a positive role in curbing unacceptable behaviour. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested that the majority of teachers in secondary schools are aware of the huge challenge posed by delinquent learners with regard to teaching and learning. The major perceptions the study gathered were that the dawn of a democratic dispensation in 1994 worsened adolescent delinquency and rendered many previously disadvantaged schools dysfunctional

Training Neurology Residents to Address Uncomfortable Patient Behavior Through a Simulated Experience (P8-2.002)

<h3>Objective:</h3> Evaluate how Neurology residents address a complaint of sexual harassment with a patient as the perpetrator. <h3>Background:</h3> Sexual harassment of medical providers is common. While hospitals typically have policies regarding harassment between employees, when the aggressor is a patient, the policies are not always clearly defined. Thus, clinicians may not have guidance on how to address inappropriate behavior from patients. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> We developed an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) in our simulation center for graduating Neurology residents. We trained a standardized professional (SP) to act as a junior resident who experienced verbal sexual harassment from a male patient. The learners were asked to elicit the complaint, provide counseling, and devise a plan. Faculty observers were present behind a one-way mirror glass and provided verbal feedback. The SP also gave verbal and written feedback using a standardized rubric. At the end of the encounter, the learners were provided an anonymous survey (1–5, least-most). <h3>Results:</h3> Fifteen residents participated in the OSCE. The SP gave full credit to all of the residents for their non-verbal communication and appropriate acknowledgement of her feelings. Six learners were given partial credit for mitigating the SP’s feeling of isolation. All but three learners were given full credit for collaborating with the SP to formulate a plan to treat the patient. Eight residents filled out a post-OSCE survey. On average, the learners were moderately prepared for the station (mean score 3.6±1.06), however they did find it to be very useful (mean score 4.5±0.76). All learners who filled out the survey felt that this OSCE should be repeated for future residents. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> OSCEs are a valuable and effective tool to assess how residents support a colleague when patients exhibit inappropriate behavior. This OSCE can be repeated for future residents to assess for trends in performance and perception. <b>Disclosure:</b> Dr. Sabadia has nothing to disclose. Dr. Kurzweil has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lillemoe has nothing to disclose. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $500-$4,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Seminars in Neurology. Dr. Lewis has received personal compensation in the range of $10,000-$49,999 for serving as an Editor, Associate Editor, or Editorial Advisory Board Member for Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. Dr. Pleninger has nothing to disclose. Dr. Giglio has nothing to disclose. Dr. Smith has nothing to disclose. The institution of Dr. Zakin has received research support from American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology. Sondra Zabar has nothing to disclose.

Error-related signaling in nucleus accumbens D2 receptor-expressing neurons guides inhibition-based choice behavior in mice

Learned associations between environmental cues and the outcomes they predict (cue-outcome associations) play a major role in behavioral control, guiding not only which responses we should perform, but also which we should inhibit, in order to achieve a specific goal. The encoding of such cue-outcome associations, as well as the performance of cue-guided choice behavior, is thought to involve dopamine D1 and D2 receptor-expressing medium spiny neurons (D1-/D2-MSNs) of the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Here, using a visual discrimination task in male mice, we assessed the role of NAc D1-/D2-MSNs in cue-guided inhibition of inappropriate responding. Cell-type specific neuronal silencing and in-vivo imaging revealed NAc D2-MSNs to contribute to inhibiting behavioral responses, with activation of NAc D2-MSNs following response errors playing an important role in optimizing future choice behavior. Our findings indicate that error-signaling by NAc D2-MSNs contributes to the ability to use environmental cues to inhibit inappropriate behavior.

Protective and Risk Factors of Peer Victimization among Adolescents: A Perspective from Victims

Peer victimization occurs when inappropriate behavior deviant from the social moral norm is conducted repeatedly, causing detrimental harm to victims. Growing numbers of studies cast focus on the deleterious consequences of peer victimization and the factors associated with it. The current study reviews previous research and summarizes risk and protective factors linked to peer victimization from a victim's perspective with a focus on social resources, psychological resources, parent-child relationships, and the peer selection process. The popularity enjoyed by adolescents is a protective factor against peer victimization, while peer rejection increases the likelihood of victimization. The number of friends buffers peer victimization, whereas quality's role is unclear. Shyness and internalizing problems increase peer victimization, both of which signal the submissiveness of victims in social interaction and thus be viewed as a weak target. A negative family pattern such as parental psychological control and child maltreatment put adolescents at risk of peer victimization by suppressing autonomy and a deficit of functional social skills, respectively. In addition, the dilemma faced by a victimized individual or internalizing adolescent caused by peer selection is discussed, which implies that the group of people is facing more obstacles in building peer social resources, yet they need it more imperatively. Interventions should be further explored and targeted at the risk and protective factors reviewed in the current study.

Комуникация, афект и учене в класната стая

The report draws the attention at the value and importance of effective communication in the learning process. Practice shows that when pursuing learning and educational goals, pedagogues do not sufficiently take into account the emotional and behavioral components of the process – the age characteristics, the different learning styles, the need for a positive attitude, etc. Strategies for achieving an affective learning environment that supports cognitive processes and meaningful classroom communication are explored. The material aims to present general pedagogical reflections on the inappropriate behavior of teachers and inadequate communication with students; feedback, grading the difficulty of the studied material, etc., whose recognition would lead to a decrease in anxiety in the classroom, an increase in motivation, the success and ability for self-expression of the learners.

"Strike at the Root": Co-designing Real-Time Social Media Interventions for Adolescent Online Risk Prevention

Adolescent online safety researchers have emphasized the importance of moving beyond restrictive and privacy invasive approaches to online safety, towards resilience-based approaches for empowering teens to deal with online risks independently. Unfortunately, many of the existing online safety interventions are focused on parental mediation and not contextualized to teens' personal experiences online; thus, they do not effectively cater to the unique needs of teens. To better understand how we might design online safety interventions that help teens deal with online risks, as well as when and how to intervene, we must include teens as partners in the design process and equip them with the skills needed to contribute equally to the design process. As such, we conducted User Experience (UX) bootcamps with 21 teens (ages 13-17) to first teach them important UX design skills using industry standard tools, so they could create storyboards for unsafe online interactions commonly experienced by teens and high-fidelity, interactive prototypes for dealing with these situations. Based on their storyboards, teens often encountered information breaches and sexual risks with strangers, as well as cyberbullying from acquaintances or friends. While teens often blocked or reported strangers, they struggled with responding to risks from friends or acquaintances, seeking advice from others on the best action to take. Importantly, teens did not find any of the existing ways for responding to these risks to be effective in keeping them safe. When asked to create their own design-based interventions, teens frequently envisioned "nudges" that occurred in real-time. Interestingly, teens more often designed for risk prevention (rather than risk coping) by focusing on nudging the risk perpetrator (rather than the victim) to rethink their actions, block harmful actions from occurring, or penalizing perpetrators for inappropriate behavior to prevent it from happening again in the future. Teens also designed personalized sensitivity filters to provide teens the ability to manage content they wanted to see online. Some teens also designed personalized nudges, so that teens could receive intelligent, guided advice from the platform that would help them know how to handle online risks themselves without intervention from their parents. Our findings highlight how teens want to address online risks "at the root" by putting the onus of risk prevention on those who perpetrate them - rather than on the victim. Our work is the first to leverage co-design with teens to develop novel online safety interventions that advocate for a paradigm shift from youth risk protection to promoting good digital citizenship.

Tiktok and the Deviation of Student Behavior in the Perspective of Ahmad Baradja's Thought

Tiktok is a widely-used application in Indonesia; its users reach 22.2 million at present. Some problems have arisen due to FYP-purpose, including dancing in public, actions that lead to immorality, and many other inappropriate behaviors against Islam and decency values in Indonesia. This study used qualitative research using a content analysis design. The number of accounts being studied was 105, with 7730 videos. The study results are: first, the Tiktok content typology of UIN Malang students is: daily activity (5,2%); TikTok hits 21,28571; a day in the life of 2,6 %; telling stories, 2,05%; hashtag challenges, 4,03%; dance challenges, 17.9 %; life at 11,98%; frivolous, 27,74%; education, 2,98%; others, 4,28%. Secondly, dominant behaviours of UIN students in their TikTok content include narcissism by making close-up videos, dancing to music, imitating viral sounds, aggressive behaviours in answering QnA, laughing at other people or an event considered funny, interacting with different gender, sharing sessions, calm and direct behavior, exposing body parts forbidden according to Islam, posing in specific styles, talking about other people, and flexing. Third, according of Ahmad Baradja Islamic behavior analysis, accounts with content against Islam are 31%, while those with content not against Islam are 69%. Most violations involve exposing body parts forbidden in Islam, interaction with different gender, the absence of shame, riya’ (pretending virtuousness) and expressing bad words.An interesting finding reveals that none of the first three contents has violated Islamic rule. Only in the fourth content did that violation start to appear. This violation then occurred multiple times in the following contents.

Low-cost modular devices for on-road vehicle detection and characterisation

Detecting and characterising vehicles is one of the purposes of embedded systems used in intelligent environments. An analysis of a vehicle’s characteristics can reveal inappropriate or dangerous behaviour. This detection makes it possible to sanction or notify emergency services to take early and practical actions. Vehicle detection and characterisation systems employ complex sensors such as video cameras, especially in urban environments. These sensors provide high precision and performance, although the price and computational requirements are proportional to their accuracy. These sensors offer high accuracy, but the price and computational requirements are directly proportional to their performance. This article introduces a system based on modular devices that is economical and has a low computational cost. These devices use ultrasonic sensors to detect the speed and length of vehicles. The measurement accuracy is improved through the collaboration of the device modules. The experiments were performed using multiple modules oriented to different angles. This module is coupled with another specifically designed to detect distance using previous modules’ speed and length data. The collaboration between different modules reduces the speed relative error ranges from 1 to 5%, depending on the angle configuration used in the modules.

Women's money beliefs and money behaviors and their relationship with socio-demographic, socio-economic and organizational-professional factors

Introduction. Women's attitudes to money seem to play an important role in easing social tension and, therefore, need to be studied. Social transformations and the war in Ukraine, as well as global socio-political and economic crises have a powerful effect on the mentality of the individual including the economic behavior of women, which calls for researching the types of womens' money attitudes and behaviors and their relationship with socio-demographic, socio-economic and organizational-professional factors. Aim: to analyze the levels and types of womens' money beliefs and behaviors and their relationship with socio-demographic, socio-economic and organizational-professional factors. Methods. A. Fernem Money Beliefs and Behavior Scale (MBBS) (a modified version: M. Simkiv Money Perceptions and Behavior Scale (ShGUP) (Simkiv, 2012)) and a specially developed passport questionnaire. Results. Womens' money beliefs and money behaviors were divided into four groups (money obsession, power, economy, and inappropriate money behavior) and had high, medium, and low levels. Besides, womens' money beliefs and money behaviors had positive and negative statistically significant relationships with socio-demographic, socio-economic, and organizational-professional factors. Conclusions. The obtained findings suggest the need of special psychology of money training programs to increase women's monetary literacy.

Sex Education to Prevalence of Sexual Harassment in Children with Autism

Children with autism, like children in general, also have experienced sexual development. The unique condition of children with autism (ASD) sometimes makes them engage in inappropriate sexual behavior and become vulnerable to sexual violence. Therefore, sexual education for children with autism is crucial and urgent. A team conducted this community service in January 2020 to provide social stories and PECS (Picture Exchange Communication System) as alternative teaching materials for sex education to children with autism at Rumah Autis Depok. The methods used were pre-observation, unstructured discussion and interview, implementation preparation, implementation, and monitoring. They quickly understood the message intended from PECS and social stories. The sex education materials showed differences in male and female bodies, sexes, and reproductive functions. This material is the starting material in sex education. Continuity using the same learning tools, namely social stories and PECS, is therefore required. Our monitoring process shows that Rumah Autis Depok continues to use social stories and PECS in their sex education lessons

There’s a Time and Place for Timeout

Timeout has been used extensively within schools to address inappropriate behavior in children. In practice, timeout is not a single strategy; rather, it is a compilation of related practices. Some forms of timeout are research-based practices for modifying student behavior. However, others lack research support and frequently are misused, hindering academic performance and risking harm to children. This article reviews the different types of timeout and shares best practices to help teachers use timeout successfully.

“I Never Liked Him”: Ryan Adams and the Toxification of Masculinity in the Post-MeToo Digital Era

This article explores the Twitter response to reports of abusive behavior by U.S.-based singer-songwriter Ryan Adams. Using a combination of quantitative data analysis techniques and close textual and contextual analysis, I analyze an archive of more than 130,000 tweets taken from the week prior to the initial reporting of Adams’s behavior in February 2019 and continuing until March 2021. On one hand, this archive of tweets illustrates the general value of Twitter as a component of “networked feminism,” in the sense that these tweets generally call attention to and criticize Adams’s inappropriate behavior. However, the overall response to Adams’s allegations also demonstrates both the limitations of Twitter for addressing MeToo-related stories and the problems of the frame of “toxic masculinity” in approaching these issues. Stressing the “toxicity” of these behaviors can serve to reinforce a normative, hegemonic understanding of “healthy” masculinity that masks the institutional forms of oppression that allow hegemonic masculinity to function.

Prevention and reduction of school deviance through programs of psychosocial rehabilitation of pupils

In the school environment, interventions focused on positive things are effective in managing deviant behavior problems among students. The ideal objective is for the school to begin to adopt systemic changes that involve managing problem behaviors in a positive and preventive manner and with the help of the other factors involved, with the aim of fostering a collaborative partnership between adults and children, which encourages the latter to solve the problems that affect their lives. The best solutions must be found to lead to the improvement of communication relationships, to help children, adults learn, and model positive skills related to human nature: empathy, honesty, to help them understand that inappropriate behavior that can affect others and that the solution is to solve problems without conflict.

Severe Complications after Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking (CXL).

To present a case series of rare and severe complications after corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) of keratoconus patients. Single-center descriptive case series covering the period of 2012 to 2022 at the Department of Ophthalmology at the University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland. We present four eyes of four patients that showed severe unusual complications within the first month after CXL. Three patients had been treated with the classical epithelium-off "Dresden" protocol. One patient had been treated with the accelerated epithelium-off protocol. One patient presented with extensive corneal edema due to rubbing the eye after treatment. Two patients showed a bacterial infectious keratitis: one due to Streptococcus pneumoniae and the other due to Staphylococcus hominis, Micrococcus luteus, and Streptococcus epidermidis. The latter of the two patients exhibited extensive infectious crystalline keratopathy. The fourth patient showed a severe ulcerative lesion where no infectious cause could be found. Therefore, an autoimmune keratolytic process had to be suspected. Apart from the corneal edema, which resolved ad integrum, the other complications resulted in permanent corneal scarring and thinning. One patient needed an emergency amniotic transplant. Severe complications after CXL remain rare. Most common causes are complications that are not directly associated with the treatment as such. Those indirect complications occur after the treatment during the healing course of the epithelium. Associations with bandage contact lenses, topical steroids, atopic disease, and inappropriate patient behavior are often suspected. Correctly performed corneal scrapings with repeated microbiological analysis and a detailed patient history are essential for establishing the correct diagnosis, especially in complicated cases that do not respond to a standard therapeutic regimen. This case series supports the efforts that are currently taken to improve the CXL technique in a way that postoperative complications are further reduced. A more efficient epithelium-on technique might be a step in that direction.

중재조항의 물적 관할 제한과 관련된 포괄적 보호 조항 및 최혜국대우조항 적용에 관한 연구

Purpose: This study analyses the umbrella clause and the most favored nation clause by focusing on A11Y Ltd. v. Czech Republic issued under international commercial arbitration.&#x0D; Research design, data, and methodology: Typical case analysis deals with the issues surrounding the selection of applicable cases for international commercial arbitration.&#x0D; Results: Under the arbitration clause, which explicitly excludes disputes regarding the FET clause and the non-discrimination clause, it is not acceptable to invoke both clauses through an umbrella clause.&#x0D; Conclusions: Above all, from the facts of this case, it is thought that even if the jurisdiction is expanded, difficulties accompany the complete citation of a claim on the merits. Regarding a non-discrimination obligation, the Tribunal denies the distinction of administrative rules in the context of expropriation. On the other hand, the inappropriate behavior of the Labor Bureau is acknowledged, and there is room for violation of FET or the obligation to prohibit investment damage.