Inadequate School Research Articles

Feeding the City, Pandemic and Beyond

Feeding the City, Pandemic and Beyond

Self-rated health among teachers: prevalence, predictors, and impact on absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick leave.

Introduction:Self-rated health is an important indicator of health in the population, but among teachers, predictive sociodemographic, occupational, and health variables and the impact of self-rated health on absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick-leave are unknown.Objectives:The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with poor self-rated health among elementary school teachers and to investigate whether poor self-rated health can predict absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick leave.Methods:The sample comprised 493 elementary school teachers from Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. A self-report questionnaire was used to assess self-rated health and sociodemographic, occupational, and lifestyle factors, health indicators, chronic diseases, disabilities, and number of days of absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick leave. Poisson regression was used to estimate prevalence ratios and rate ratios.Results:The prevalence of poor self-rated health was 16.4% and the variables positively associated with this outcome were health insurance (prevalence ratio = 2.35), inadequate school infrastructure (prevalence ratio = 1.56), physical activity (prevalence ratio = 0.60), poor perceived fitness (prevalence ratio = 2.44), voice disorders (prevalence ratio =1.46), common mental disorders (prevalence ratio = 1.74), emotional exhaustion (prevalence ratio = 1.61), low personal accomplishment (prevalence ratio = 1.64), chronic disease (prevalence ratio = 2.39), and disability (prevalence ratio = 1.57). Poor self-rated health was positively associated with both absenteeism (rate ratio=1.71) and presenteeism (rate ratio = 1.74).Conclusions:Occupational and individual characteristics associated with impaired physical and mental health should be targeted to improve self-rated health among teachers. Furthermore, a single question on self-rated health is a useful tool for monitoring and preventing absenteeism and presenteeism among teachers.

Teacher’s Strategies In Assisting Learning Disability Students In Inclusive Classroom of SDN 3 Karangrejo Banyuwangi

The high number of students with learning disability in Banyuwangi Regency requires teachers to implement appropriate strategies in the learning process. Learning disability can be interpreted as a condition in the learning process which characterized by obstacles that are realized or not by people who experience in psychological, sociological, or physiological in the whole learning process that interfere the listening, speaking, reading, writing, and counting. The purposes of this study are: (1) Determine the application of teacher strategies who have learning disability in SDN 3 Karangrejo Banyuwangi. (2) Understand the factors support and inhibit teacher strategies in helping students’disability. The method applied is a descriptive qualitative approach. The results showed that, (1) The strategies implemented by teachers are applying cooperative learning models so that students who have learning disability can work together with other students, implementing classes with a pull out system which means students who have learning disability can learn with the teacher at a certain time by using several learning media (2) Supporting factors of teacher strategies are supported by parents and the existence of private tutor. While the factors inhibiting are students' mood swings and inadequate school facilities.

CHALLENGES FACED BY ENGLISH TEACHERS IN REMOTE AREA BASED ON SCHOOL-BASED MANAGEMENT POINT OF VIEW (A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOLS OF SOUTHEAST WAWONII SUBDISTRICT)

The objective of this research is to find out challenges faced by English teachers in the remote area based on school-based management point of view. The method used in this research was qualitative method with phenomenological approach. It was conducted at SMP Negeri1 Wawonii Tenggara, SMP Negeri 2 Wawonii Tenggara, and SMP Negeri 2 Wawonii Tenggara. The total subjects of this research consisted of 3 English teachers who were not native resident of the study location. The data were collected by in-depth interview, observation, and documentation study. The data were analyzed by using modification of Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method in Creswell (1998). The data analysis indicated that challenges faced by English teachers based on two aspects of School-based management were as follows: (1) challenges faced by English teachers in remote area based on teachers’ role as a teacher/an educator, (2) challenges faced by English teachers in remote area based on teachers’ role in organizing school-based management. The result showed that there were some challenges that the teachers faced namely: inadequate school facilities, lack of parents’ motivation to their children, lack of students' competence, and overburdened with more duties and responsibilities. To overcome the teachers’ challenges were not only the teachers’ responsibility but also the components of school itself, including headmaster, administrator staff, society and students’ parents to realize their role in School-Based Management and work together with good coordination to get the purpose of implementing School-Based Management.

Gifted child in kindergarten – assessment pitfalls

Issues and considerations raised in the article are related to the identification (assessment) of gifted children, often described in literature, in relation to selected theories of ability. It is very likely that a gifted child characterized by the specificity of early childhood, commonly defined as intelligent, with high cognitive abilities, will abandonits innate, unique potential, entangling in various types of “problems”, taking on the features of the syndrome of inadequate school achievements, etc. in the future, as a result of adverse environmental impacts, the coincidence of events. The individual case studies presented in the article are intended to illustrate the significance of individual impacts on a gifted child of preschool age, due to the specific developmental peculiarities of this period.

Use of Remote Lab for Online and Real time Practicum At Vocational School in Indonesia

The Aims of this paper is to analyze the influence of Remote Lab on overcoming the limitation of practicum facilities. This study uses qualitative research methods. In this study, the researchers conducting a study of the use of remote labs in overcoming the unavailability of laboratory equipment. 1). The completeness of practicum equipment available at SMKs is still inadequate, only around 30%. Some students stated that when carrying out practical activities, each tool used by 4 students simultaneously made the practicum process not run effectively and often there was discrimination only intelligent students who could complete the sequence, then some students also stated that the existing components many have been damaged. Another statement expressed by students that not all productive subjects can be practiced because of limited equipment that can be caused by several factors including: a) inadequate school budget; b) tools and practice materials that are difficult to obtain; 2) The Remote LAB application sends data at any time when selecting a Lab, selecting a Gate, and selecting input from a gate. The output of the gate will be measured using a multi-meter and oscilloscope and will be monitored directly via YouTube streaming, so that it can be monitored in real time on the Remote LAB Android application; 3) Practical experience does not have to be identical in a laboratory room on a supervised Schools. Students receive tangible observations using real equipment to arrive at concrete conclusions, as well as assessing them in a physical laboratory with equipment so that it will be beneficial to improve their laboratory abilities.

Students’ Demotivating Factors in English Language Learning at One State Madrasah Tsanawiyah in Palembang, South Sumatera, Indonesia

This research investigated students' demotivating factors in English language learning at MTsN 1 Palembang. The research was in the form of case study research design. The participants were the second-grade students at MTsN 1 Palembang. Based on their English achievement, there were 11 students being demotivated in learning English. The data were gained by using document review and face-to-face interviews. The data from document review and interview were analyzed by using thematic analysis. The findings showed that there were five demotivating factors in English language learning: (a) inadequate school facilities, (b) lack of teachers' competence and teaching styles, (c) learning content and materials, (d) classroom condition and classmates' attitudes, and (e) lack of self-confidence.
 
 Keywords: demotivation, demotivating factors, English language learning

Overcrowded classrooms – The Achilles heel of South African education?

Background: The South African education system is characterised by a shortage of teachers and inadequate school infrastructure which is contributing to the overcrowded nature of South African classrooms. The current national learner–educator ratio (LER) is 33:1, and some classes have even reported an LER value of 50:1 and higher. The South African LER is more than double the average of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s international average of 16:1. Aim: This research has been conducted to identify overcrowdedness in classrooms as a factor associated with poor academic achievement. Setting: A qualitative research approach served this study best when an investigation was launched into the impact of overcrowded classrooms in the Foundation Phase in the Tshwane-West district. Methods: The study’s sample comprised 10 purposefully chosen participants who are knowledgeable and experienced in the field of teaching in overcrowded classrooms in the Foundation Phase. The participants included heads of departments, primary school principals, higher education lecturers and a department of basic education official. In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with each of the participants. Findings: Based on the findings, the impact of and challenges (such as didactical neglect, discipline issues and negative teacher attitudes) related to overcrowdedness was elaborated on, and practical recommendations were made regarding possible solutions. Conclusion: This study conclude by emphasising the importance of a combined effort between all role players, such as the School Management Teams and the teachers, when dealing with the challenges posed by overcrowdedness.

Development of Remote Laboratory for Distance Learning Practicum Online And Real-Time Digital Electronics Subjects

This study aims to: 1) find out how to Develop Remote Laboratory as a new tool for online and realtime practicum learning in digital electronics; 2) find out how to use Remote Lab that meets the valid, practical and effective criteria. This research is a type of research and development (R&D) where the product can work effectively and be ready to use. The development of hardware and software in the form of Remote Lab media is carried out with an engineering approach where the stages are: analysis, design, implementation, and evaluation. The analysis used in this study is a descriptive analysis that describes the results of development, validator responses and trial results. Analysis of software and hardware is done by considering the minimum specifications, with reference to the development of software for the media that is effective and practical. The use of Remote Lab can be applied at the Vocational School by looking at the results of the development based on the validation of the material experts (Content Aspect of 4.45% with very good category, and the Design Practicum aspect obtained a score of 4.4 with a very good category), validation of media experts (Aspect of Visual Display obtained score 4.47 in the excellent category, real-time aspects obtained a score of 4.5 in the excellent category, programming aspects obtained a score of 4.57 in the excellent category), Analysis of the Effectiveness and Practicality of Using Remote Labs obtained a score of 4.56 with the category very effective, then Practical Assessment of Remote Lab products obtained a score of 4.9 with a very practical category. The creation of online and realtime distance learning practicum systems that can facilitate students who are constrained by distance and inadequate school facilities. Practical equipment so that learning outcomes in practicums can be met according to their competencies.

Aerial bombardment and educational attainment

ABSTRACTThis paper provides evidence that the Allied bombing of Vietnam, the longest and heaviest aerial bombardment in history, imposed detrimental ramifications on educational attainment and future labor market outcomes of school-age individuals. By exploiting the plausibly exogenous district-by-cohort variation in bomb destruction under a difference-in-differences framework, we find that an increase in bomb intensity leads to significantly fewer educational years completed and lower future earnings for school-age children exposed to the bombardment. We further show that both the supply-side factors (inadequate school security and the lack of teachers) and the demand-side factors (residential casualties, restricted access to healthcare, damaged properties and increased reliance on welfare assistance) could be potential mechanisms driving the long-term consequences of aerial bombardment. Our findings underline the importance of conflict prevention and post-conflict reconstruction in promoting sustainable development.

Socioeconomic Status, Parental Education, School Connectedness and Individual Socio-Cultural Resources in Vulnerability for Drug Use among Students.

Background and Aims: Families who live in a disadvantaged socioeconomic situation frequently face substandard housing, unsafe neighborhoods, inadequate schools and more stress in their daily lives than more affluent families, with a host of psychological and developmental consequences that can hinder their children’s development in many ways. However, the measurement of socioeconomic status among youth and its link with different forms of illicit substance use is challenging and still unclear. This paper extends existing research on the relationship between socioeconomic status and illicit drug use among adolescents by focusing on three different patterns of use (experimental, episodic and frequent) and making use of two indicators to improve the measurement of individual socioeconomic characteristics in a big sample of European students. Methods: Data were drawn from the European school Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD), which, since 1995, collects comparable data among 15-to-16-year-old students to monitor trends in drug use and other risk behaviors across Europe. The sample comes from 28 countries that participated in the 2015 data collection. The consumption of cannabis, cocaine and heroin are considered, and the related patterns are identified based on the frequency of use. Family characteristics at student level are defined through two dimensions: parental educational level and perceived socioeconomic status. Multivariate multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression was performed in order to measure the association between individual characteristics and vulnerability for drug use. Results: Some patterns of use, episodic and frequent in particular, were found strongly associated with a lower socioeconomic status and lower parental education. Conclusions: Our results suggest that drug policies should be combined with actions aimed at removing barriers to social inclusion that are attributable to the socioeconomic background of adolescents.

“I Can't Breathe”: Connecting COVID-19, Protests, and Global Health

COVID-19 has exposed the underlying racial hierarchy in the United States and elsewhere. Tragically, one study indicates that Black and Latinx people have COVID-19 mortality rates as much as nine times higher than White people in the United States when age is taken into account. Several commentators have attempted to account for these glaring health disparities by pointing to preexisting health conditions like hypertension, diabetes, obesity, and the higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease among Black people, which can make for greater and more severe and deadly complications with COVID-19. Yet, structural factors ensure that Black people are “more likely to encounter those things that we know compromise health–like inaccessible or biased health care providers, inadequate schools and education systems, unemployment, hazardous jobs, unsafe housing, and violent, polluted communities.”

A Study of Demotivators in Chinese University’s English as a Foreign Language Teaching and Learning

Demotivation and motivation study among foreign language learning has been salient and meaningful around the world since they influence the result of language performance. Different demotivators were drawn by different researchers coming from different perspectives. The objective of this paper is to investigate and develop demotivating factors in a Chinese foreign language learning context and explore the implications of these factors on future teaching. This study investigated 588 college students from a Beijing municipal university in a survey on demotivating items which influenced their foreign language learning considering their past personal language study experience. The methodology of the study is both qualitative and quantitative. The key findings of the study were that 7 Demotivators were distracted by using SPSS: teacher-related competence factor, learner-level factor, teaching content and material, inadequate school facilities and judgement, grammar-translation teaching method, confuse of purpose of language study, and testing and grading system. All the factors, especially the teacher-related demotivating factor, were identical with most research findings. While students-related factors were prominent factors in the study. This research is valuable for both secondary and high school teachers as it demonstrates students’ demotivating and negative factors in drawing students back in the process of language study and improves pedagogical means and methods by bridging the gap between researchers and educational practitioners. It can also inform educational bureau and families in the society about this current trend and how it could influence the students' foreign language learning process.

Challenges in ICT Integration among Malaysian Public Primary Education Teachers: The Roles of Leaders and Stakeholders

The major role of ICT tools is a means to communicate and collaborate in a globalized, technological world in the knowledge society. In education, the role of ICT is paramount, especially for supporting teachers in ICT integrated teaching. However, little research has been conducted particularly in Asia-Pacific, on the interaction between teachers and ICT integration influenced by their school’s stakeholder, which lead to successful implementation among teachers in teaching. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the challenges faced by teachers to ICT tools and how the schools' leaders and schools' stakeholders overcome these challenges. By employing a qualitative research methodology, data were collected using a multi-method of data collection, including in-depth interviews, non-participants observations, field notes, and document analysis. The findings uncovered three themes for existing challenges and overcoming challenges. Three themes for the challenges are the inadequate schools’ ICT tools, failure to commit to the schools’ regulations, and failure to comply with the schools’ regulations. The three themes for overcome challenges are assisted performance, sharing ideas, and distributed leadership style. This study can be an exemplar for other schools in strategizing ICT integration for teachers in teaching.

The Self-Management of Special Allocation Fund for Education Sector in South Timor Tengah District in 2017

This research was conducted to investigate and describe; (1) the mechanisms of planning, organization, implementation, supervision and accountability evaluation on self-management of Special Allocation Fund (SAF) or Dana Alokasi Khusus (DAK) for education sector in South Timor Tengah Regency. (2) Factors that support and inhibit the self-management of SAF for education sector in South Central Timor District. This qualitative research was carried out in the form of case study. The focuses of this research included; (1) The Self-Management Planning of the SAF in TTS District; (2) Organization in the self-management of SAF for education sector in TTS District; (3) Implementation of the self-management of SAF for education sector in TTS District; (4) Supervision in the self-management of SAF for education sector in TTS District; (5) Accountability of in the self-management of SAF for education sector in TTS District; (6) Factors that supported and inhibited in the self-management of SAF for education sector in TTS District. Research informants were purposively selected, while the research data were collected through interviews, documentation, and observation. The obtained data were then analyzed using a data analysis technique proposed by Miles and Huberman (2009).The results of this research showed that the management mechanisms (planning, organization, implementation, supervision, and accountability evaluation) of self-management of SAF for education sector in TTS District has been running well. However, several inhibiting factors were found in its implementation which factors mainly dealt with the problems related to inadequate school principal's managerial ability in managing the fund based on the self-management system. The most fundamental problem in this context related to the failure to complete the works within the predetermined schedule. This problem occurred due unprofessional workers and low discipline in working within the predetermined time. In addition, the sanctions for school principals and treasurers did not do their job well were not strict. Other inhibiting factors included problems related to the topographical and geographical conditions in TTS District which often caused slower work pace. The inefficient process in determining the school principals also caused delays in management of Self-Managed SAF. Key w ords : Management, Special Allocation Fund, Education, Self-Management DOI : 10.7176/PPAR/9-11-01 Publication date: November 30 th 2019

Investigating the Difference in Demotivation Factors: A Case Study of Two Groups of Indonesian EFL Learners.

Investigating demotivation factors of two different groups of EFL learners might provide more insights to reduce demotivation among students. Nevertheless, there is lack of studies toward demotivation, especially ones that analyze demotivation of Indonesian’s EFL students. Adara (2018) analyzed demotivation factors of a group of EFL students in Bekasi. However, her study only focused on one group of learners and did not compare demotivation factors which may affect different group of learners. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the differences in demotivation factors of two groups of Indonesian EFL learners. Whereas one group consists of 44 English literature college students, another group is 41 students major in communication study. Applying a mixed-method approach to obtain the results, the present study distributed a set of questionnaires adapted from Sakai and Kikuchi (2009) to two groups of college students whereas the interviews were administered to six of them. The results indicate that both groups of learners were mostly demotivated by teachers’ incompetence and teaching styles, lack of intrinsic motivation, and inadequate school facilities. The results of present study suggest the importance of teachers’ roles in providing appropriate teaching approach for learners as well as learning content and materials to avoid students’ demotivation.

Assessment of school readiness of children and factors associated with risk of inadequate school readiness in Ujjain, India: an observational study

ObjectiveSchool readiness is a condition or state indicating that the child is ready to learn in a formal educational set-up. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence...

Commodification Education at Darussolah Senior High School on Singojuruh, Banyuwangi- East Java Province

Education in Indonesia has two gates for implementing education, namely under the auspices of the Ministry of National Education and Education under the auspices of the Ministry of Religion. In 2003 the existence of a law on regional autonomy opened up opportunities to establish public schools in Islamic boarding schools. This research was designed using qualitative research with emancipatory approaches, with the commodification theory. Data collection is done through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies and literature studies. The analytical method used is qualitative descriptive. The results of the study show that commodification of education in Darussholah High School is very premature because (1) the facilities and infrastructures provided by Islamic boarding schools are very inadequate (2) School facilities and infrastructure Still need additional (3) curriculum still needs improvement and improvement because the school compiling education programs is closely related to the development of Islamic boarding schools with brilliant class programs that have the aim of improving the character of students through deepening religion and technology through general education.

The Role of Parents in Improving the Behavior of School’s Students in Azena Primary School, Ethiopia

The major purpose ofthis study is to investigate the role of parents in shaping students’ behavior in
 Azena primary school (primary first cycle (Grade 1-4) and primary second cycle (Grade 5-8)). The
 study was descriptive in nature. 40 teachers were selected through census survey method for
 questionnaire and 10 parents were selected for key informant interview purposively. The collected
 data were analyzed and interpreted using simple descriptive statistical tools, frequency and
 percentage. This study reveals that the contribution of parents in improving student school behavior
 is low due to lack of proper training strategies and poor home -school interaction. This study
 indicates that improper rule and regulations, negative relationship between student and teacher, lack
 of continuous monitoring and evaluation of school administrators, poor teaching method,
 inadequate school facilities, unusual monitoring of parents, and the school administrators are causes
 of indiscipline. The result found that giving rewards and praises for students behaving well and
 involving parents are more effective in producing desirable behavior in the school. Besides, the
 involvement of students in the formulation of school disciplinary policy has been viewed as a good
 strategy, which most likely can influence them into accepting and showing commitment towards it.
 Therefore, this study recommends that parents and all school staffs should work together so as to
 minimize the disciplinary problems of students and to foster the role of parents.

ANALYSIS OF DIFFICULTIES IN LEARNING MATHEMATICS IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

Mathematics is a way to solve problems in daily life so that it is necessary to be mastered. However most of students still believe that mathematics is difficult lesson to learn. Relating to this issue, the researcher conducted a qualitative research to describe the difficulties encountered by students when learning Mathematics. To collect the data, the researcher applied observation, interview, and documentation. The data was then analyzed through data reduction, data display and conclusion. Having analyzed the data, it can be concluded that students’ difficulties in learning Mathematics came from teacher’s techniques in explaining the lesson, inadequate school’s facilities and infrastructure, family environment, and curriculum. Hence, it is suggested to teachers to apply teaching techniques based on theory of mathematics learning, and enriched with learning aids to encourage students’ motivation and positive attitude. In addition, the parents are expected to pay more attention to students’ learning development especially on learning difficulties of learning mathematics by cooperating with the teachers.