In-plane Axial Loading Research Articles

Analytical parametric analysis of profiled composite walls reinforced with embedded tubes subjected to axial loading

This paper presents analytical analysis of the axial load behavior of a profiled composite wall (PCW) consisting of two profiled steel sheets (PSSs) filled with concrete and reinforced with/without embedded cold-formed steel tubes (CFSTs). This type of composite wall was designed to resist in-plane axial loading (bearing wall). Three experimental samples were tested and its results were presented in this research. The ultimate axial loads of 42 PCW FE models were calculated based on a published work done by the authors earlier. Comparisons between the results of the FE models via the proposed methods and those of Eurocode 4, BS5400, AISC, Hossain (2000), and Wright (1998) were made. Applied calculation formulas for the ultimate axial load were presented via regression analysis theory on the basis of the verified FE results. Comparisons were made between the developed formulas and existing experimental tests, such as those of Hossain (2000) and Wright (1998) and an experimental study performed by the author, and perfect accuracy was achieved. The results of this study proved that the effects of the embedded CFSTs reduced local buckling of the PSS and increased ductility with increasing axial load resistance of the PCW. The provided formulas accurately predict the axial load of the PCWs.

Evaluation of the mechanical properties of stiffened composite panels under consideration of water load

Abstract To meet the strength evaluation requirements of a typical stiffened composite panel of the lower fuselage of a new generation amphibious aircraft underwater load, the experimental testing technique and finite element analysis method were investigated. Firstly, according to the loading and support requirements of the typical stiffened composite lower fuselage panel, a testing device for combined axial and pneumatic loading was designed and developed. Then, a finite element model of the stiffened composite plate and the combined load testing device were created. Based on the experiments and finite element analysis, the static strength of the stiffened composite plate was verified to meet the load-bearing capacity requirements, and the strain behavior during loading was determined. Compared with the experimental results, the maximum strain error at the skin is 6.16%, and the maximum strain error at the stiffener is -11.6%. This confirms the effectiveness of the finite element model and also confirms that the test technique and equipment can accurately simulate in-plane axial loading and out-of-plane water loading. Finally, based on the validated finite element model, the load-bearing capacity of the stiffened composite panel under combined loads was predicted.

Hygro-thermo-magnetically induced vibration of FG-CNTRC small-scale plate incorporating nonlocality and strain gradient size dependency

Free vibration behavior of functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) small-scale rectangular plates resting on Kerr foundation and subjected to complex environments and in-plane axial loads are analyzed. Based on the higher-order shear deformation theory (HSDT) and using nonlocal strain gradient theory, governing equations of plate are extracted. Utilizing the generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM), the governing equations of motion are solved numerically. To validate the present work, a comparative study is accomplished between the present results and the reported ones in the literature. Effect of size-dependent parameter, the CNT volume fraction, pattern of CNT distribution, humid and thermal environments, magnetic fields, structure aspect ratios, boundary conditions, and foundation types, on the natural frequencies of the structure are studied. Acquired outcomes represent that considering the impacts of the strain gradient parameter and the magnetic field in modeling improve the system vibrational behavior. While imposing the nonlocal term and hygro-thermal effects similar to the in-plane loads have destabilizing influences on the system and make the structure more vulnerable to static instability. Meanwhile, it is deduced that when the Scale Factor <1 (Scale Factor >1), the softening (hardening) impact of the nonlocal (strain gradient) parameter is prominent on the FG-CNTRC small-scale plate.

SCFs study of tubular T/Y steel joints under inplane loading

Stress concentration factors (SCFs) at welded tubular joints are one of the prime factors that affect the fatigue life of a structure. In the present work, finite element analysis (FEA) is used to find the hot spot stress and subsequently the stress concentration factors of Tubular T/Y steel Joints. Static axial tensile loading case is used in the present work. The circular hollow sections (CHS) are considered. The parametric study of the variation in SCF, with the change in joint angle (ϴ) and geometrical parameters such as β, τ, γ for T/Y-Joints subjected to inplane axial loading, is done. The validation of FE modelling technique of present work is done by comparing with the various SCFs equations available in the literature

Analysis of the Elastic Large Deflection Behavior for Metal Plates under Nonuniformly Distributed Lateral Pressure with In‐Plane Loads

The Galerkin method is applied to analyze the elastic large deflection behavior of metal plates subject to a combination of in‐plane loads such as biaxial loads, edge shear and biaxial inplane bending moments, and uniformly or nonuniformly distributed lateral pressure loads. The motive of the present study was initiated by the fact that metal plates of ships and ship‐shaped offshore structures at sea are often subjected to non‐uniformly distributed lateral pressure loads arising from cargo or water pressure, together with inplane axial loads or inplane bending moments, but the current practice of the maritime industry usually applies some simplified design methods assuming that the non‐uniform pressure distribution in the plates can be replaced by an equivalence of uniform pressure distribution. Applied examples are presented, demonstrating that the current plate design methods of the maritime industry may be inappropriate when the non‐uniformity of lateral pressure loads becomes more significant.

Failure prediction of in-plane loaded sandwich beams with core junctions

The paper concerns local effects that occur in the vicinity of junctions between different cores in sandwich beams subjected to in-plane axial loading. A numerical model which takes geometrical and material-wise non-linear behaviour into account is used to examine the stress and strain fields around core junctions. Prediction of the failure location and the failure load is carried out numerically based on principal stress and principal strain criteria. Initiation of the failure in the compliant core in the vicinity of the core junction is predicted and verified by the performed experimental studies.

Creep Buckling of a Wedge-Shaped Floating Ice Plate

The paper is concerned with the problem of creep buckling of a floating ice plate pressing against a rigid, vertical-walled, engineering structure of a finite length. The plate is modelled as a truncated wedge of a semi-infinite length and constant thickness, resting on a liquid base and subjected to transverse bending due to the elastic reaction of the base and in-plane axial compression due to wind and water drag forces. The ice is treated as a viscous material, with the viscosity varying with the depth of the ice cover. The results of numerical calculations, carried out by the finite-element method, show the evolution of creep buckles in the plate, and also illustrate the behaviour of the ice cover at different levels of the in-plane axial loading, at different temperatures across the ice, and for different geometries of the wedge-shaped plate.

Finite element modeling of damping in constrained layer composite structures induced by inplane loads using ADINA

Passive damping for inplane axial loads can be created by special design of fibrous composites with intermediate viscoelastic plies. Conventional constrained layer damping takes place due to free edge transverse shear in the viscoelastic layer. A proposed segmented constrained layer damping is reviewed. Implementing a chevron pattern of segments for each lamina allows for more lateral motion and potentially more damping. The finite element package ADINA is used to model the composite laminates and, using the modal strain energy method, investigates damping mechanisms. A parametric study of modeling parameters is presented demonstrating the phenomena by which damping is occurring and the relative importance of each of the design criteria. The segmented constrained layer damping is found to be advantageous when small segment aspect ratios are employed.