Improvement In Skin Texture Research Articles

Innovations in skin camouflaging techniques: Where are we scientifically?

Cutaneous disorders can impact on the psycho-social well-being of children and adults alike, which has been reviewed elsewhere (Body Image 27, 2018 and 98). The present review sets out to evaluate progressions in skin masking and camouflaging techniques together with evaluating the efficacy of these. There does not appear to have been any recent reviews about innovations in skin camouflaging techniques. Using the National Centre for Biotechnology Information PubMed database, a search was made for all studies published between 2000 and 2019 that met defined inclusion criteria. A total of seven relevant publications were identified. Of the seven studies identified, skin camouflaging improved quality of life in three studies and reduced anxiety, depression and social isolation in others. Of the camouflaging methods used, liquidized simulated second skin technology (Microskin™) appears to look particularly promising. This method of colour matching and a spray/stippling application uses a technology that binds to the epidermis of the skin helping to overcome previous concerns about the colour, coverage and application of camouflage and masking bases. Two studies showed that this innovative mode of camouflaging raised confidence, feelings of happiness and social experiences in children and adolescents with burn scarring. Very few studies reported drawbacks of camouflaging techniques, with limited colour matches and 'itching' appearing to be the main shortcomings. New technologies now appear to be addressing these. Results show that there is wide variation in the quality and modes of skin camouflaging. Of the methods used, simulated second skin technology appears to be an important and effective therapy for individuals with cutaneous skin disorders. Training schemes along with increased awareness of this technique must now be communicated to medical professionals who come into contact with children and adults who could benefit physically, psychologically and socially from this therapy.

The Effects of Facial Lipografting on Skin Quality: A Systematic Review.

Autologous lipografting for improvement of facial skin quality was first described by Coleman in 2006. The current dogma dictates that adipose tissue-derived stromal cells that reside in the stromal vascular fraction of lipograft contribute to skin rejuvenation (e.g., increased skin elasticity), a more homogenous skin color, and softening of skin texture. Nowadays, many studies have been reported on this "skin rejuvenation" effect of autologous fat grafting. This systematic review was undertaken to assess the efficacy of autologous lipografting on skin quality. The MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were searched for studies evaluating the effect of autologous lipografting on facial skin quality (May 11, 2018). Outcomes of interest were skin texture, color, and elasticity in addition to histologic outcomes and number of complications. Nine studies were included, with 301 patients treated in total. No meta-analysis could be performed because of heterogeneity of the metrics and outcomes. Eight studies reported increased skin elasticity; improvement in skin texture; and a more homogeneous skin color after treatment with lipografting, cellular stromal vascular fraction, or nanofat. One study reported no increased skin elasticity after lipografting. Histologic improvement was seen after lipografting and adipose tissue-derived stromal cell injections. However, in general, the level of evidence of the included studies was low. No serious complications were reported. Autologous facial lipografting and cellular stromal vascular fraction and adipose tissue-derived stromal cell injections hardly seem to improve facial skin quality but can be considered a safe procedure.

Multilayered injection of calcium hydroxylapatite filler on ischial soft tissue to rejuvenate the previous phase of chronic sitting pressure sore.

IntroductionDuring a sitting position, the pressure distribution is located below the ischial tuberosity. Many women have skin atrophy on the ischial area. To treat atrophic changes on the skin above the ischium, volumization and improving skin texture are acquired simultaneously. Two methods of automatic and manual injections using a hard filler with a stitmulating effect were administered respectively to both the dermis and subdermis layers. A biopsy study using various straining evaluated histological tissue reactions after the filler injections.MethodsThis study focused on rejuvenating soft tissue on the atrophic ischeal areas, as described by the author as the previous phase of chronic sitting pressure sore, by using the multi-layered injection of calcium-hydroxylapatite (CaHA) filler. Sixteen women (mean, 38.5 years) were treated from 2012 January to 2019 April. Prior to the injection, 1.5cc of Radiesse® (calcium hydroxylapatite filler; Merz, Germany) was diluted with 1cc of normal saline and 0.5cc of lidocaine, and 3cc of filler mixture (1:1 dilution) was made. All subjects received the intradermal injection and multi layered subdermal injection with 2.5cc of diluted CaHA filler. A second session for booster treatment was performed at 6 months using the same method. Photography was taken by a camera and a dermascope observation before and 7 months after. Before and 7 months after the first injection, soft tissue depression, skin discoloration, and roughness were assessed. Standard deviations and coefficients of variation were also calculated for changes in depression, discoloration and roughness after the treatment. Biopsy specimens (3×5 mm) were taken from three patients 7 months after the first session. The specimens were analyzed using various stainins.ResultsThe improvements of skin quality, skin fold, and roughness were visible at physical examination, medical photography and also at high-resolution dermascope examination in all patients. Post-treatment the depressed amounts on the ischial areas reduced with increased volume.ConclusionDepressed soft tissue and skin folds on ischial areas were significantly improved by volumization of subdermal filler injection. The skin quality, roughness, and pigmentation on ischial areas improved, and these improvements may be caused by intradermal micro-droplet injections of CaHA filler which may be influenced by neocollagenesis by numerous fibroblasts and increased micro-blood circulation (neovascularization). This is the first article to show the scientific evidence of neocollagenesis and tissue reaction after an injection of CaHA filler in the dermis, especially using various histological staining and to show various stages of inflammation and foreign body reaction around CaHA particles. Numerous fibroblasts were present around CaHA particles, but plasma cells were not found. Interestingly a few eosinophils were found around CaHA filler. After a significant period of time, multi-layered injections of diluted CaHA tightened and remodeled atrophic ischial skin. The multi layered injection approach was safe and effectively treated ischial soft tissue atrophy without significant side effects, such as infection or delayed swelling or lumps.

Long-term objective assessments of skin rejuvenation using solar protection and solar repair shown through digital facial surface analysis and three-dimensional volumetric assessment.

BackgroundDespite the knowledge that the vast majority of skin aging is caused by the sun, and the widespread prevalence of sunscreen usage, solar skin damage continues to occur due to the combined biological impact of ultraviolet, visible light and near-infrared radiation. Sunscreens have only proven effective at filtering ultraviolet light. They do not attenuate visible light or near-infrared.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness of a novel, solar-specific skincare approach embracing both comprehensive daily solar protection from ultraviolet through to near-infrared radiation and nightly solar repair.ParticipantsEighteen Japanese patients were enrolled in this study. Topical skincare products (The Essential Six, RATIONALE, Victoria, Australia), comprising solar protection preparations to be used in the morning and topical solar repair at night, were applied to the patients’ skin for 12 months. Patients refrained from using any other skincare formulations and did not undergo any form of medical esthetic treatment during the study.MeasurementsDigital facial skin and three-dimensional volumetric assessment were performed pre- and post-treatment, and patient assessments were recorded after 6 and 12 months post-treatment.ResultsImprovements in skin texture and luminosity as recorded via digital photography, significant amelioration of skin redness and pigmentation in facial surface analysis, and volumetric reduction in three-dimensional volumetric assessment were observed compared to the pre-treatment for all patients. Eighty-nine percent, and 94% of patients self-reported their approval of treatment outcomes after 6 and 12 months post-treatment, respectively. Minor complications, characterized by slight pain and itching were observed in 3 patients. These minor complications resolved spontaneously.ConclusionThe results of this study indicate that the solar-specific skincare formulations focused on the daily comprehensive prevention of negative solar effects and nightly repair of photodamage provide a safe and highly effective pathway to skin preservation and rejuvenation.

The use of noncultured regenerative epithelial suspension for improving skin color and scars: A report of 8 cases and review of the literature.

Regenerative Epithelial Suspension can lead to the restoration of wound and repigmentation, which can be gained by ReCell medical device to treat scar and depigmentation diseases. To report the effectivity of ReCell combined with microdermabrasion in scar and depigmentation diseases and review the literature of this new technology. We gave a differential donor⁄recipient ratio of about 1:20-30 with vitiligo, 1:40 with postburn construction, 1:80 with acne scar, and 1:120 with adult congenital melanocytic nevus, 1:80 with pediatrics, respectively. Photographs of patients before treatment and 3months following the last treatment session were used to evaluate the effectivity. A total of 8 patients including vitiligo vulgaris, postburn reconstruction, acne scars, and congenital melanocytic nevi treated by ReCell technology combined with microdermabrasion showed significant improvement in skin texture and color. And 17 studies of the research on ReCell technology were totally included in the systematic review. Our investigation showed that Regenerative Epithelial Suspension gained by ReCell technology combined with microdermabrasion may improve scar and depigmentation diseases.

Laser Skin Rejuvenation With Fractional 1064 Q-switched Nd:YAG In 252 Patients: An Indian Experience.

The objective of our study was to present the results and safety profile of fractional 1064 Q-switched Nd: YAG laser treatment in skin rejuvenation in Indian patients with Fitzpatrick skin type III-VI. We studied our clinical data of 252 patients who underwent treatment for facial skin rejuvenation with the Q switched Nd:YAG laser 1064 wavelength, using the fractional mode of 5mm spot size with fluences from 1.2J~2J/cm2 and the energy ranging from 300-500mJ, a repetition rate of 7Hz and pulse duration of 8 ns for 6 sessions at two weekly intervals. We evaluated results with the aid of clinical photography taken before start of treatment, on 3rd and 5th sessions along with patient satisfaction and dermatologist assessment scores. Any adverse events were also recorded. At the end of 6 sessions, both patients and dermatologists reported visible improvement in skin texture and tone. The laser sessions resulted in an immediate improvement in skin texture and tone in the first session itself that increased over 3 sessions and then stabilized. Transient erythema was reported in a few cases. No hypo- or hyperpigmentation were noted. The 1064 QSNYL is popularly used for skin rejuvenation especially in the Asian countries. But there is lack of substantial clinical data to validate the clinical results. We present the first study that shows the fractional 1064 Qswitched ND:YAG laser is a safe and effective option for skin rejuvenation in skin types III-VI.

Assessment of Efficacy of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection for Facial Rejuvenation

AbstractBackground: Facial rejuvenation includes different ther-apeutic modalities of returning facial youthfulness. PRP injection delivers very high concentrations of growth factors that lead to accelerated tissue regeneration and remodeling.Aim of Study: The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of single session of intradermal injection of autologous Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) in facial rejuvenation.Patients and Methods: 20 subjects with different types of facial wrinkles were included in this study. They were selected from Dermatology and Venereology Department, Tanta University Hospitals. All of them received single session of intradermal injection of autologous PRP and were clinically assessed before and 2 months after PRP injection using Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale (WSRS), Skin Texture Scale, and Subject Satisfaction Scale.Results: All subjects showed significant clinical improve-ment of all types of facial wrinkles after PRP injection. At the end of follow-up period, there was statistically significant decrease in Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale (WSRS) comparable to that before PRP injection. Additionally, there was a statis-tically significant improvement of skin texture and subject satisfaction after PRP injection.Conclusion: Intradermal injection of autologous PRP is well tolerated and capable of rejuvenating the face and pro-ducing a significant correction of different types of facial wrinkles.

Changes in Dermal Thickness in Biopsy Study of Histologic Findings After a Single Injection of Polycaprolactone-Based Filler into the Dermis.

BackgroundDuring aging, facial skin thins, atrophies, and loses elasticity. Subdermal filler injections can volumize and treat wrinkles but cannot directly change dermal thickness. Polycaprolactone (PCL) fillers can improve skin texture and quality through dermal thickening and inducing neocollagenesis. Through biopsy study, evidence of neocollagenesis will be introduced.ObjectivesIn this single-clinic prospective study, 13 patients received a single injection of diluted 0.5 cc of PCL filler in the facial dermis except the right temple area for intra-individual control study.MethodsA biopsy was performed from temple skin at 1 year for all patients. An additional biopsy was performed at 2 weeks and 4 years posttreatment for 3 patients. Dermal thickness was measured with sonography after 1 year.ResultsOn average, the mean rate of temporal skin thickness in biopsy specimens (n = 117 points in 13 patients) at 1 year posttreatment increased by 26.74% ± 9.26% from 1412.41 μm ± 69 μm to 1781.11 μm ± 110 μm (P < 0.001). On average, the mean thickness of facial skin (n = 39 points in 13 patients) measured by ultrasound at 1 year increased by 21.31% ± 4.34%. Around PCL particles, many fibroblasts, giant cells, new capillaries, new collagen, and elastic fibers were found in various stains.ConclusionsFacial dermal thickness increased after intradermal injection of PCL filler by neocollagenesis to treat skin atrophy. PCL filler may last more than 4 years in the dermis.Level of Evidence: 4

Cosmetic benefit of a biomimetic lamellar cream formulation on barrier function or the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles in randomized proof-of-concept clinical studies.

ObjectiveTwo studies were designed to evaluate the potential cosmetic benefit of a biomimetic, niacinamide‐containing moisturizing cream for the first time in humans.MethodsIn both studies, healthy women were randomized to use two treatments, one for the left side of the body and one for the right, from three options: the test cream, a positive control or no treatment (use of standard cleanser only). Treatments were applied twice daily for 4 weeks to the face and forearms (Study 1) or the face only (Study 2). Instrumental and clinical skin assessments were performed by trained technicians. Study 1 involved tape stripping and a 5‐day no‐treatment (‘regression’) period at the end of the 4 weeks. Independent lay graders were asked to grade the skin texture of subjects in Study 2 from high‐resolution photographs.ResultsIn Study 1 (n = 66), the test cream significantly decreased the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) values on the forearm, and in the cheek area of the face, relative to baseline and compared to no treatment, and increased skin Corneometer values. The improvements were partially retained during a subsequent 5‐day period of no treatment. Increases in TEWL values on skin subjected to tape stripping were significantly lower after 4 weeks of using the test cream compared to no treatment. In Study 2 (n = 72 subjects with visible signs of ageing), there was a favourable trend in the change from baseline of a skin roughness parameter, Ra, for the test cream compared to no treatment. There were statistically significant improvements in the Fitzpatrick wrinkle score compared to no treatment, decreases in TEWL and increased Corneometer values and Cutometer values (R5 elasticity parameter). Grading of high‐resolution images failed to detect the improvements in skin texture (defined as pores, smoothness and unevenness) for the test cream vs. no treatment. No treatment‐related serious or severe adverse events were reported.ConclusionTwice daily application of the test cream over 4 weeks had beneficial effects on skin barrier function, moisturization, wrinkle dimensions and elasticity compared to no treatment. These studies provide proof‐of‐concept evidence and highlight the cosmetic benefit of the biomimetic lamellar cream formulation. Study registration: NCT03216265, NCT03180645.

Clinical Effects on Skin Texture and Hydration of the Face Using Microbotox and Microhyaluronicacid.

Improving skin texture in the face is a popular procedure in older women. Procedures using stabilized hyaluronic acid (S-HA) to improve skin texture should be distinguished from volumizing procedures. The intradermal injection of S-HA has many benefits, such as being safe from embolism, having a high ease of injection, and leading to dramatic improvements in skin texture and hydration. HA is the main component of the extracellular matrix and dermal hydration can help counteract the effects of aging. When the dermis is well hydrated using S-HA, it looks healthier, and this effect can last for more than half a year. Various intradermal injection techniques have been reported, such as manual injection, the blanching technique, and using an automatic injector with multiple needles. The dermis can be treated with microdroplets (0.001 cc) of S-HA at a thousand of injection sites using an injector. This unique injection method was Named "Microhyaluronicacid" by the author, based on an analogy with Microbotox5. The author invented a unique injection solution in which S-HA is mixed with botulinum toxin A; this solution has been used for dermal hydration and skin rejuvenation since 2009. To reduce the risk of creating a dermal lump, polydensified monophasic HA and automatic injector were used. Microhyaluronicacid and Microbotox were combined by the author. In 50 patients, changes in fine wrinkles were measured using a dermascope, and dermal hydration was measured by transepidermal water loss and stratum corneum hydration levels. The changes of transepidermal water loss and stratum corneum hydration were statically significant at 4 and 8 weeks.

Combined Non-Ablative Laser and Microfat Grafting for Burn Scar Treatment.

Burn scar treatment persists as an unsolved problem, involving thousands of affected patients disfigured for life. We sought to present our experience with the use of combined treatments for patients with burn scars. This was a case series report of the senior author's experience during 8 years utilizing the combined treatments of Fraxel Restore (fractional laser) and microfat graft injection for 288 patients with burn scars. Laser treatment reduced scar intensity and attenuated skin irregularities and hyperpigmentation. All patients demonstrated marked improvement of skin texture and an increase in scar softness after 3 sessions of microfat grafting. However, the degree of improvement varied between patients and was related to the severity of the scar and the type of tissue. Overall, a 40% to 80% improvement was noted in our patients. All patients and their families expressed satisfaction with the results. The combined treatment of Fraxel and microfat grafting is an effective technique for improving the appearance of a hypertrophic scar or keloid on burn patients. Fat tissue stem cells may have helped to repair the damaged skin.

Personal Technique of Microinfiltration With Botulin Toxin: The SINB Technique (Superficial Injection Needling Botulinum).

The superficial injection needling botulinum (SINB) technique is the dermal injection of microdoses of botulin toxin, not by traditional syringe but with needling technique that consists in multiple microdroplets by electrical device. The intention is to decrease sweat and sebaceous gland activity to improve skin texture and sheen and to target the superficial layer of muscles that find attachment to the undersurface of the dermis causing visible rhytides. The technique is for treatment of face and neck by the injection of the botulin toxin into the dermis or in subdermal plane to improve skin texture, smoothen horizontal creases, and decrease vertical banding of the neck as well as to achieve better apposition of the platysma to the jawline and neck, improving contouring of the cervicomental angle. The botox solution is hyperconcentrated when compared to traditional dilution or compared to microbotox or mesobotox. Furthermore, the injection technique is different because spreading superficial microdroplets are not performed, but small, homogeneous, and controlled amounts of solution are injected. Each 0.8-mL syringe contains 50 units of onabotulinumtoxinA. The solution is delivered intradermally, using an electrical needling pen and setting the depth penetration of the needles at 3 to 3.5 mm. The 2 conjugated techniques play a 2-fold action on the skin. The technique was applied to a group of 63 patients dealing with face, forehead, cheekbones, and neck.

Efficacy and safety of picosecond 755-nm alexandrite laser with diffractive lens array for non-ablative rejuvenation in Chinese skin.

The picosecond alexandrite laser with diffractive lens array (DLA) offers the dual advantages of a picosecond pulse duration and the fractionated delivery of laser energy. This study explores the efficacy and safety of the DLA for treatment of multiple aesthetic concerns associated with photoaging of the face including skin texture irregularities, dyspigmentation, enlarged pore size, rhytides, and skin laxity. This prospective, evaluator-blinded trial enrolled Fitzpatrick skin type III-IV patients with mild to moderate signs of facial photoaging. Patients received six full face treatments at 4 week intervals for a total of 107 treatments. Standardized photography was obtained at baseline and at 1, 2, and 3 month follow-up visits. Two independent blinded evaluators rated each of the five signs of photoaging on a 10-point visual analog scale (VAS) at each follow-up visit compared to baseline. A global aesthetic improvement score was also assigned at each follow-up visit. Secondary outcomes included patient-rated pain and heat sensation on a 10-point VAS, and overall satisfaction. Adverse events were noted after each treatment and at each follow-up visit. A total of 18 Chinese patients age 35-59 completed the study. A statistically significant improvement in skin texture and dyspigmentation scores was noted at the 1 month follow-up that was sustained at 3 months. No significant improvements wer--e observed in pore size, rhytides, or skin laxity. The mean pain score was 5.1 ± 2 and mean heat sensation was 3.6 ± 2.1. Expected transient erythema and edema occurred in 95.3% (102/107) and 1.9% (2/108) of treatments, respectively, and resolved in hours. No incidences of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) were noted at the 1, 2, and 3 month visits. The 755-nm picosecond laser with DLA is a safe and effective non-ablative modality for targeting facial skin texture irregularities and dyspigmentation in Chinese skin. Patients tolerated the treatment well with adverse effects limited to transient erythema and edema. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:8-13, 2019. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Daily oral supplementation with collagen peptides combined with vitamins and other bioactive compounds improves skin elasticity and has a beneficial effect on joint and general wellbeing

Aging is a multifactorial and natural process that causes physiological changes in organs, tissues and cells over time. In the skin and cartilage, aging leads to a decrease in the synthesis and changes in the arrangement of proteoglycans and collagen, in addition to the loss of glycosaminoglycans, which are responsible for the integrity and health of these tissues. We hypothesized that daily oral supplementation with a liquid nutraceutical containing hydrolyzed fish collagen, vitamins, antioxidants and other active ingredients could improve skin texture and elasticity, and in addition have a protective effect on joint health. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 120 subjects who consumed either the test product or placebo on a daily basis for 90 days. Subjects consuming the test product had an overall significant increase in skin elasticity (+40%; P < .0001) when compared to placebo. Histological analysis of skin biopsies revealed positive changes in the skin architecture, with a reduction in solar elastosis and improvement in collagen fiber organization in the test product group. As reported in the self-perception questionnaires, these results were confirmed by the subjects' own perceptions in that participants agreed their skin was more hydrated and more elastic. In addition, the consumption of the test product reduced joint pain by −43% and improved joint mobility by +39%. Oral supplementation with collagen bioactive peptides combined with chondroitin sulphate, glucosamine, L-carnitine, vitamins, and minerals significantly improved the clinical parameters related to skin aging and joint health, and therefore, might be an effective solution to slow down the hallmarks of aging.

A novel cosmetic and clinically practicable laser immunotherapy for facial verruca plana: Intense pulsed light combined with BCG-PSN.

There is no standard method to remove facial verruca plana and achieve better cosmetic effects. The present study is the first study to use intense pulsed light (IPL) as photothermal therapy (PTT) combined with intra-gluteal injection of bacillus calmette-guerin polysaccharide nucleic acid (BCG-PSN), which function as immunotherapy, contracting a new type of clinically available laser immunotherapy (LIT) for the treatment of facial verruca plana. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, cosmetic outcome, and adverse reactions of IPL combined with BCG-PSN for facial verruca plana. Twenty-three patients with facial verruca plana were treated with IPL (560-nm filter, 15-17 J/cm2) and all patients were given intra-gluteal injections of BCG-PSN twice a week for 8 weeks combined with IPL once a month in two times. The clinical responses, recurrences, adverse reactions, and rejuvenation outcomes were evaluated. A complete and excellent response was noted in 17 patients (74%). Of the 676 treated warts, 548 were eradicated and the overall clearance rate was 81%. No patient relapsed during the 20-week follow-up. No obvious adverse reactions was observed. Almost all patients showed an improvement in skin texture after IPL treatment CONCLUSION: We conclude that a novel LIT based on BCG-PSN and IPL for the treatment of facial verruca plana proved to be a well-tolerated and effective treatment modality. This novel LIT can clear skin lesions and achieve a very good cosmetic effect.

Nanofat Grafting for Scar Treatment and Skin Quality Improvement.

Fat grafting has been gaining attention in tissue augmentation over the past decade, not only for lipofilling, but also for its observed regenerative properties and overall skin texture improvement. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of nanofat grafting on scars, wrinkles, and skin discolorations in our clinic. Nanofat was prepared by a standard emulsification and filtration protocol. The resulting liquid was injected intradermally or directly into the scar tissue. Skin quality was evaluated based on a scoring system, and patient satisfaction was documented. Three physicians compared and analyzed standardized pre- and posttreatment photographs in respect to general improvement of skin aesthetics. Fifty-two patients were treated with nanofat from November 2013 to April 2016. The mean (± standard deviation) posttreatment follow up was 155 ± 49 days and average volume of harvested fat amounted to 165 cc. The primary harvesting areas were the abdomen and flanks, and the injected volume of nanofat ranged from 1 to 25 mL (mean, 4.6 mL). A total of 40 scars (76% of all patient defects) were effectively treated as well as 6 patients with wrinkles, and 6 patients with discoloration. Posttreatment clinical evaluations showed a marked improvement of scar quality and a high patient satisfaction. The results in our clinic showed that nanofat grafting softened the scars, made discolorations less pronounced, and wrinkles appeared less prominent. Nanofat grafting has been shown to have beneficial effects in the treatment of scars, wrinkles, and skin discolorations.

Metadichol® and Healthy Skin: One Approach many Possible Cures

Metadichol® a nano formulation of long-chain lipid alcohols derived from food. It is an inverse agonist of Vitamin D Receptor (VDR), Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AHR), and Ror Game (RORC) that could have beneficial effects on skin diseases. We now present case studies of patents with various skin disease show Metadichol is an inverse agonist of these nuclear receptors thus modulating Th1 pathway towards a TH2 and Th 17 and IL 17 and IL22 and also being a TNF alpha inhibitor can modulate IL23 thus blocking the major pathways that exacerbate many Skin diseases. Metadichol is the first molecule successfully navigates around the problems involved with promiscuous ligands and targets. It fulfils the goals of the emerging field of Poly pharmacology, i.e. a single drug is able to bind to multiple targets beyond the “one drug, one target” philosophy. We show how Metadichol is an innovative treatment for treating multiple skin diseases eczema, acne, diabetic wounds and viral and bacterial infection and also improving skin texture. Metadichol® is a safe nontoxic low cost solution and is an alternative to numerous clinical candidates in combating over 3000 skin diseases.

Ablative fractional carbon dioxide laser combined with intense pulsed light for the treatment of photoaging skin in Chinese population: A split-face study.

Intense pulsed light (IPL) is effective for the treatment of lentigines, telangiectasia, and generalized erythema, but is less effective in the removal of skin wrinkles. Fractional laser is effective on skin wrinkles and textural irregularities, but can induce postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), especially in Asians. This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of ablative fractional laser (AFL) in combination with IPL in the treatment of photoaging skin in Asians.This study included 28 Chinese women with Fitzpatrick skin type III and IV. The side of the face to be treated with IPL alone (3 times) or AFL in combination with IPL (2 IPL treatments and 1 AFL treatment) was randomly selected. Skin conditions including hydration, transepidermal water loss, elasticity, spots, ultraviolet spots, brown spots, wrinkle, texture, pore size and red areas, as well as adverse effects were evaluated before the treatment and at 30 days after the treatment.Compared with IPL treatment alone, AFL in combination with IPL significantly increased elasticity, decreased pore size, reduced skin wrinkles, and improved skin texture (P = .004, P = .039, P = .015, and P = .035, respectively). Both treatment protocols produced similar effects in relation to the improvement of photoaging-induced pigmentation. The combined therapy did not impair epidermal barrier function. No postoperative infection, hypopigmentation, or scarring occurred after IPL and AFL treatments. PIH occurred at 1 month after AFL treatment and disappeared at 30 days after completion of the combined therapy.AFL in combination with IPL is safe and effective for photoaging skin in Asians.

EFFECT OF CURCUMA LONGA 0.5% EXTRACT ON SEBUM COMPOSITION AND SKIN MOISTURE IN DRY SKIN PATIENTS

Introduction Dry skin is a problem for millions of people and often causes discomfort and even psychological stress. Curcuma Longa (C. Longa) has been known to have an effect in improving skin texture due to exogenous effects associated with dry skin Objective This study aims to determine the effect of C.Longa 0.5% extract on sebum composition and skin moisture in patients with dry skin associated with premature aging. The sample used was 13 women with twice-daily application on the upper and lower arms of C.Longa extract and cream base ingredients as controls. Therapy response was measured using a skin analyzer at weeks 1, 3 and 6. Methods The data in this study was obtained, and will be processed by using computerized statistic program. The analysis used is descriptive analysis for mean and standard deviation of moisturation score and frequency distribution on criteria of sebum composition of stratum corneum at various time of observation. The amount of change of score with Paired test, difference of score change using Mann Whitney Test and to assess the difference of distribution using X2 test. Result Provision of C.Longa extract of 0.5% can improve sebum composition and skin moisture in dry skin patients when used for at least 6 weeks. Conclusions and recommendations Significant changes were obtained in the third week. The change in sebum composition by 87.5% was obtained at the sixth week. Although the change is only 50% in moisture score but it is enough to prove that there is an improvement in skin moisture. So we consider the use of longer than 6 weeks.

Efficacy of Topical Estradiol Compared to Topical Glycolic Acid for Skin Aging Treatment in Postmenopausal Women

Skin aging is a complex biological process in human being, as a result from intrinsic factors (genetic, hormonal, metabolism) and extrinsic factors (UV exposure, pollution, smoking, life style). In postmenopausal women, physiologically, the amount of estrogen are decreased, causing deterioration of their skin’s appearance. Along with the changes that occur, skin care require more attention. A holistic approach can increase epidermal thickness, therefore, reducing the depth of wrinkles, as well as improving skin texture and moisture. There are various treatments available to improve skin appearance due to aging. This EBCR is aimed to compare the efficacy of topical estradiol and topical glycolic acid as skin treatment in postmenopausal women. Articles were searched through Pubmed/MEDLINE, EBSCO, and Cochrane. One randomized-controlled trial by Fuchs KO, et al was obtained and critically appraised. Based on the appraisal, study by Fuchs KO, et al is considered valid, important, and applicable. Both estradiol and glycolic acid show good efficacy and safety for postmenopausal women with signs of skin aging, however estradiol is not considered to have better efficacy than glycolic acid. Keywords: aging, efficacy, postmenopausal, topical estradiol, topical glycolic acid