Improvement Of Cancer Diagnosis Research Articles

Comprehensive Medicine Approach Towards Cancer Sufferers and Survivors: A Review

Despite significant improvements in cancer diagnosis, prevention, and care, cancer is still expected to be the biggest cause of mortality worldwide. Cancer prevalence and fatality rates are both increasing. There are numerous cancer treatment options. The type of cancer and its stage determine the sort of treatment required. Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation are examples of traditional therapeutic procedures. At the same time, significant advances have been made recently, including stem cell therapy, targeted therapy, natural antioxidants, radionics, chemodynamic therapy, and ferroptosis-based therapy. Most patients have a combined approach- surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Current methods in oncology focus on developing safe cancer nanomedicines. To obtain novel diagnostic and therapeutic alternatives, stem cell treatment has demonstrated potential success. Cancer cell spread can be slowed by targeted treatment, which protects healthy cells from harm. The long-term cancer survivors suffered in terms of body image concerns, emotional and social, and spiritual/ philosophical issues leading to poor quality of life in these patients. The positive attribute of complementary medicine and alternative therapies is that they enable patients to help themselves while undergoing cancer treatment and afterward. This review explores recent comprehensive approaches for cancer and associated effects leading to psychological issues.

Translated article] Treatment strategies in vertebral metastasis. Need for multidisciplinary committees from the perspective of the surgeon. Narration of literature

Improvements in cancer diagnosis and treatment have improved survival. Secondarily, the number of patients who present a vertebral metastasis and the number with some morbidity in relation to these metastases also increase. Vertebral fracture, root compression or spinal cord injury cause a deterioration of their quality of life.The objective in the treatment of the vertebral metastasis must be the control of pain, maintenance of neurological function and vertebral stability, bearing in mind that in most cases it will be a palliative treatment.The treatment of these complications needs a multidisciplinary approach, radiologists, interventional radiologists, oncologists and radiation therapists, spine surgeons, but also rehabilitation or pain units. Recent studies show that a multidisciplinary approach of these patients can improve quality of life and even prognosis.In the present article, a review and reading of the literature on the multidisciplinary management of these patients is carried out.

Estrategias de tratamiento en la metástasis vertebral. Necesidad de comités multidisciplinarios desde la perspectiva del cirujano. Narración de la literatura

Improvements in cancer diagnosis and treatment have improved survival. Secondarily, the number of patients who present a vertebral metastasis and the number with some morbidity in relation to these metastases also increases. Vertebral fracture, root compression or spinal cord injury cause a deterioration of their quality of life.The objective in the treatment of the vertebral metastasis must be the control of pain, maintenance of neurological function and vertebral stability, bearing in mind that in most cases it will be a palliative treatment.The treatment of these complications needs a multidisciplinary approach, radiologists, interventional radiologists, oncologists and radiation therapists, spine surgeons, but also rehabilitation or pain units. Recent studies show that a multidisciplinary approach of these patients can improve quality of life and even prognosis.In the present article, a review and reading of the literature on the multidisciplinary management of these patients is carried out.

SYMBIOSIS OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: NEW OPPORTUNITIES IN ONCOLOGY

SYMBIOSIS OF MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE: NEW OPPORTUNITIES IN ONCOLOGY

Hybrid computational pregnant female phantom construction for radiation dosimetry applications

The number of patients undergoing diagnostic radiology and radiation therapy procedures has increased drastically owing to improvements in cancer diagnosis and treatment, and consequently, patient survival. However, the risk of secondary malignancies owing to radiation exposure remains a matter of concern. We previously published three hybrid computational fetal phantoms, which contained 27 fetal organs, as a starting point for developing the whole hybrid computational pregnant phantom set, which is the final objective of this study. An International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) reference female voxel model was converted to a non-uniform rational B-spline (NURBS) surface model to construct a hybrid computational female phantom as a pregnant mother for each fetal model. Both fetal and maternal organs were matched with the ICRP- 89 reference data. To create a complete standard pregnant computational phantom set at 20, 30, and 35 weeks of pregnancy, the model mother’s reproductive organs were removed, and fetal phantoms with appropriate placental and uterine models were added to the female pelvis using a 3D-modeling software. With the aid of radiological image sets that had originally been used to construct the fetal models, each fetal position and rotation inside the uterus were carefully adjusted to represent the real fetal locations inside the uterus. The major abdominal soft tissue organs below the diaphragm, namely the small intestine, large intestine, liver, gall bladder, stomach, pancreas, uterus, and urinary bladder, were removed from non-pregnant females. The resulting fetal phantom was positioned in the appropriate location, matching the original radiological image sets. An obstetrician-gynecologist reviewed the complete internal anatomy of all fetus phantoms and the pregnant women for accuracy, and suggested changes were implemented as needed. The remaining female anatomical tissues were reshaped and modified to accommodate the location of the fetus inside the uterus. This new series of hybrid computational pregnant phantom models provides realistic anatomical details that can be useful in evaluating fetal radiation doses in pregnant patients undergoing diagnostic imaging or radiotherapy procedures where realistic fetal computational human phantoms are required.

A Tale of Two Cancers: A Current Concise Overview of Breast and Prostate Cancer.

Simple SummaryBreast and prostate cancers are serious public health issues that create considerable burden to both people and healthcare systems worldwide. Cancer is a heterogeneous disease influenced by numerous components, and its diverse intricate pathology challenges disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and survival. Although recent statistics suggest improvements in cancer diagnosis and treatment, many challenges remain before cancers are curable. This review presents relevant summarized information related to breast and prostate cancer.Cancer is a global issue, and it is expected to have a major impact on our continuing global health crisis. As populations age, we see an increased incidence in cancer rates, but considerable variation is observed in survival rates across different geographical regions and cancer types. Both breast and prostate cancer are leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although cancer statistics indicate improvements in some areas of breast and prostate cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, such statistics clearly convey the need for improvements in our understanding of the disease, risk factors, and interventions to improve life span and quality of life for all patients, and hopefully to effect a cure for people living in developed and developing countries. This concise review compiles the current information on statistics, pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatments associated with breast and prostate cancer.

Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells ameliorate the viability of ovarian granulosa cells injured by cisplatin through activating autophagy

Although the cancer incidence showed a yearly increasing trend, the long-term survival rate of cancer patients significantly increased with the continuous improvements in cancer diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, recent strategies for cancer treatment not only focus on improving the survival rate of patients but also simultaneously consider the life quality of cancer patients, especially for those with fertility requirements. Stem cell-based therapies have exhibited promising improvement in various disease treatments, and provide hope for diseases without effective treatment. Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells (MenSCs) can be noninvasively and periodically obtained from discarded menstrual blood samples and exhibit high proliferative capacity, low immunogenicity and autologous transplantation. As expected, MenSCs treatment effectively improved the viability of cisplatin-injured ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) and significantly upregulated their antiapoptotic capacity. Further results demonstrated that MenSCs treatment significantly upregulated autophagy activity in cisplatin-injured ovarian GCs, and the degree of autophagy activation was positively correlated with the viability improvement of ovarian GCs, while autophagy inhibitors significantly impaired MenSC-promoted viability improvement of cisplatin-injured ovarian GCs. Additionally, MenSCs treatment can also significantly promote the proliferation of normal GCs by activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Conclusively, MenSCs treatment not only enhanced the antiapoptotic capacity and survival of cisplatin-injured ovarian GCs by upregulating autophagy activity but also improved the viability of normal ovarian GCs by activating the PI3K/Akt signal pathway. These results provide a theoretical and experimental foundation for the clinical application of MenSCs in improving chemotherapy-induced ovarian injury and delaying ovarian senescence.

A Systematic Review to Define the Multi-Faceted Role of Lysine Methyltransferase SETD7 in Cancer.

Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD7 regulates a variety of cancer-related processes, in a tissue-type and signalling context-dependent manner. To date, there is no consensus regarding SETD7´s biological functions, or potential for cancer diagnostics and therapeutics. In this work, we summarised the literature on SETD7 expression and function in cancer, to identify the contexts where SETD7 expression and targeting can lead to improvements in cancer diagnosis and therapy. The most studied cancers were found to be lung and osteosarcoma followed by colorectal and breast cancers. SETD7 mRNA and/or protein expression in human cancer tissue was evaluated using public databases and/or in-house cohorts, but its prognostic significance remains inconclusive. The most studied cancer-related processes regulated by SETD7 were cell proliferation, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration and invasion with special relevance to the pRb/E2F-1 pathway. SETD7 consistently prevented epithelial to mesenchymal transition in different cancer types, and inhibition of its function appears to be associated with improved response to DNA-damaging agents in most of the analysed studies. Stabilising mutations in SETD7 target proteins prevent their methylation or promote other competing post-translational modifications that can override the SETD7 effect. This indicates that a clear discrimination of these mutations and competing signalling pathways must be considered in future functional studies.

Persisting cancer mortality gap between western and eastern Europe

BackgroundOver the last three decades, cancer mortality has shown favourable patterns in Europe. Patterns and trends however have been less favourable for most eastern countries. MethodsWe computed cancer mortality rates in western (WE) and eastern European (EE) countries using the official mortality database of the World Health Organisation, using joinpoint regression models to identify significant changes in trends over time. ResultsCancer mortality declined by 1–1.4% annually in WE since 1990, to reach an age-standardised rate (world standard) of 125.4/100,000 men and 81.3/100,000 women in 2016. In contrast, EE rates only started to decline around the 2000s in men and remained stable in women, to reach 171.9/100,000 men and 98.2/100,000 women. Lung cancer rates were 30.8/100,000 men and 14/100,000 women in WE versus 47.1/100,000 men and 15.2/100,000 women in EE. In relative terms, the mortality excess in EE increased from 32 to 37% in men and from 15 to 21% in women, compared with WE. The largest percent excesses were for cancers of the upper respiratory tract, stomach, intestines and lung in men and uterus in women. Prostate cancer rates increased in EE to reach 12.7/100,000 in 2016, whereas they decreased to 10.2/100,000 in WE. Compared with rates in 1990, over the period 1991–2016, about 3.9 million cancer deaths were avoided in WE, but no notable improvements was seen in EE. If cancer mortality rates in EE had been those observed in WE, over 55,000 deaths would have been avoided in 2016. ConclusionDifferences in lifestyle patterns, mainly smoking and alcohol, besides different roll-out of improvements in cancer diagnosis and management are the key determinants of the persisting difference in cancer mortality between western and eastern Europe. There is no evidence for the gap to close.

Basic information for identifying psychological disorders caused by malignant disease.

Improvements in cancer dia-gnosis and treatment explain a substantial increase in the number of patients chronically affected by or recovering from cancer. This is a fragile population, physically, psychologically and socially affected by the consequences of the disease and the associated treatment. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) reacted to this fact, creating the NCCN guidelines for survivorship. They provide screening, evaluation and treatment recommendations for the consequences of cancer and cancer treatment. Inspired by this NCCN recommendation, we drew up this article pointing out the psychological issues like anxiety, depression and fatigue in order to help the physicians refer their patients timely to psychologic or psychiatric care.

The Relationship between Mycoplasmas and Cancer: Is It Fact or Fiction ? Narrative Review and Update on the Situation.

More than one million new cancer cases occur worldwide every year. Although many clinical trials are applied and recent diagnostic tools are employed, curing cancer disease is still a great challenge for mankind. Heredity and epigenetics are the main risk factors often related to cancer. Although, the infectious etiological role in carcinogenesis was also theorized. By establishing chronic infection and inflammation in their hosts, several microorganisms were suggested to cause cell transformation. Of these suspicious microorganisms, mycoplasmas were well regarded because of their intimate parasitism with host cells, as well as their silent and insidious role during infections. This assumption has opened many questions about the real role played by mycoplasmas in oncogenesis. Herein, we presented a sum up of many studies among the hundreds which had addressed the Mycoplasma-cancer topic over the past 50 years. Research studies in this field have first started by approving the mycoplasmas malignancy potential. Indeed, using animal models and in vitro experiments in various cell lines from human and other mammalians, many mycoplasmas were proven to cause varied modifications leading to cell transformation. Moreover, many studies have looked upon the Mycoplasma-cancer subject from an epidemiological point of view. Diverse techniques were used to assess the mycoplasmas prevalence in patients with cancer from different countries. Not less than 10 Mycoplasma species were detected in the context of at least 15 cancer types affecting the brain, the breast, the lymphatic system, and different organs in the genitourinary, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary tracts. Based on these revelations, one should concede that detection of mycoplasmas often linked to ‘‘wolf in sheep's clothing” is not a coincidence and might have a role in cancer. Thorough investigations are needed to better elucidate this role. This would have a substantial impact on the improvement of cancer diagnosis and its prevention.

Engineering Tools for Regulating Hypoxia in Tumour Models.

Major advances in the field of genomic technologies have led to an improvement in cancer diagnosis, classification and prognostication. However, many cancers remain incurable due to the development of drug resistance, minimal residual disease (MRD) and disease relapse, highlighting an incomplete understanding of the mechanisms underlying these processes. In recent years, the impact of non‐genetic factors on neoplastic transformations has increasingly been acknowledged, and growing evidence suggests that low oxygen (O2) levels (ie hypoxia) in the tumour microenvironment play a critical role in the development and treatment of cancer. As a result, there is a growing need to develop research tools capable of reproducing physiologically relevant O2 conditions encountered by cancer cells in their natural environments in order to gain in‐depth insight into tumour cell metabolism and function. In this review, the authors highlight the importance of hypoxia in the pathogenesis of malignant diseases and provide an overview of novel engineering tools that have the potential to further drive this evolving, yet technically challenging, field of cancer research.

Machine learning directed drug formulation development.

Machine learning (ML) has enabled ground-breaking advances in the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors, from improvements in cancer diagnosis, to the identification of novel drugs and drug targets as well as protein structure prediction. Drug formulation is an essential stage in the discovery and development of new medicines. Through the design of drug formulations, pharmaceutical scientists can engineer important properties of new medicines, such as improved bioavailability and targeted delivery. The traditional approach to drug formulation development relies on iterative trial-and-error, requiring a large number of resource-intensive and time-consuming in vitro and in vivo experiments. This review introduces the basic concepts of ML-directed workflows and discusses how these tools can be used to aid in the development of various types of drug formulations. ML-directed drug formulation development offers unparalleled opportunities to fast-track development efforts, uncover new materials, innovative formulations, and generate new knowledge in drug formulation science. The review also highlights the latest artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, such as generative models, Bayesian deep learning, reinforcement learning, and self-driving laboratories, which have been gaining momentum in drug discovery and chemistry and have potential in drug formulation development.

The Role of Metabolism in Modulating Radiation Fibrosis & Lymphedema

With the improvements in cancer diagnosis and therapy, clinical outcome has increased substantially, to the extent that by 2026, there will be >20M cancer survivors in the United States alone. The majority of survivors fare well; however, there is a significant proportion of patients who continue to experience the aftermath of their treatments such as radiation fibrosis (RF) or lymphedema. Until recently, there has been little understanding of the biological basis of RF, which is defined by the aberrant accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to reduced tissue elasticity, and potential loss of organ function. The regulation of ECM production and degradation is a complex process, mediated through the production of a myriad of cytokines such as TGFB, and environmental conditions such as hypoxia. We have recently identified that metabolic dysregulation, and in particular, downregulation of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is a key pathway driving the production and reducing the degradation of collagen, the predominant component of the ECM. Conversely, upregulation of PPAR signaling, a major mediator of FAO, reduced transcription of key ECM genes; whilst increasing internalization and degradation of extracellular collagen. Furthermore, CD36, a membrane transporter of long chain fatty acids, was discovered to play a critical role in regulating the trafficking of collagen and lysosomal degradation. Finally, using a pharmacogenomics approach, caffeic acid was identified to be a compound which can be systemically administered, and reduced RF in pre-clinical models. These data, along with other reports in the literature, strongly point towards the use of metabolic drugs as a therapeutic strategy by which we can mitigate the deleterious effects of RF on cancer patients. More recently, we have also uncovered that metabolic dysregulation likely plays a similar role in the development of lymphedema, a common long-term toxicity in women after breast cancer therapy. Finally, these findings have broad application to the increasing burden of fibrosis beyond cancer, wherein end-stage renal, liver, cardiac, and pulmonary fibrosis accounts for up to 1/3 of the deaths around the world.

Telepathology Practice in Cancer Diagnosis in Saint Jean de Dieu Hospital - Tanguieta, Benin

Both the incidence of cancer and cancer-related mortality rates are high in sub-Saharan Africa, while resources for diagnosis and management are inadequate. In Benin, there is an extreme shortage of pathology services. Because of this shortage we built a histopathology laboratory equipped with an automated immunohistochemistry and a whole-slide imaging and telepathology system. To report our experience of telepathology practice in the improvement of cancer diagnosis. The study was performed in our histopathology laboratory from January 1, 2016, to December 31, 2018. Resident laboratory technicians were trained in the preparation of microscopic and virtual slides by European pathologists. Virtual slides were stored on a Web-accessible server area for reading by 21 telepathologists in Benin and Europe. All patients with a histologic diagnosis of cancer were included in this study. Demographic data of patients, anatomic site of cancer, its histologic type, and its histologic grade were recorded. We registered 399 patients diagnosed with cancer of 1593 patients whose surgical specimens had been analyzed. There were 349 adults including 160 males and 189 females, and 50 children (both sexes) with a mean age of 53.40 years, 46.92 years, and 9.72 years, respectively. Eighty-three of 211 females (39.34%) had infiltrating breast carcinoma, and 34 of 188 males (18.09%) had prostatic carcinoma. Infiltrating carcinoma of no special type represented 51 (91.07%) of all infiltrating breast carcinomas. Prostatic carcinoma and infiltrating breast carcinoma were of high grade in 13 of 23 males (56.52%) and 34 of 56 females (60.71%), respectively. Telepathology is enabling a great improvement in cancer diagnosis in our hospital.

From Cancer Treatment to Cancer Survivorship: A Case Report Demonstrating the Dynamic Roles of Intrathecal Drug Delivery System in Various Phases of Cancer Care

Background: Until the continued improvements in cancer diagnosis and treatment, many cancers were once considered terminal illnesses. Opioid-based therapy is frequently utilized from the armamentarium for cancer pain treatment since the immediate goals of acute cancer pain management are focused on alleviating pain severity and improving quality of life during this limited time – despite the risks of chronic opioid therapy. However, now, with an expanding cancer survivor population, we lack guidance and tools to assist health care providers and patients in pivoting the focus of cancer pain management from acute relief toward improving function, rehabilitation, and limiting the long-term adverse effects of pain and opioid therapy. Case Report: Here, we present a case exemplifying the ability of intrathecal drug delivery systems to serve a multitude of roles during the various phases of cancer care: from treating acute cancer-related pain, acting as a tool to wean systemic opioid therapy, to being clinically dormant in situ but ready to serve again in the event of cancer recurrence. Conclusion: Intrthecal drug delivery systems are effective tools in managing acute cancer pain and can also be adapted to help manage chronic pain in cancer survivors. Key words: Cancer pain, intrathecal drug delivery system, intrathecal pump, opioid weaning

The Role of Metabolism in Modulating Radiation Fibrosis & Lymphedema

With the improvements in cancer diagnosis and therapy, clinical outcome has increased substantially, to the extent that by 2026, there will be >20M cancer survivors in the United States alone. The majority of survivors fare well; however, there is a significant proportion of patients who continue to experience the aftermath of their treatments such as radiation fibrosis (RF) or lymphedema. Until recently, there has been little understanding of the biological basis of RF, which is defined by the aberrant accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM), leading to reduced tissue elasticity, and potential loss of organ function. The regulation of ECM production and degradation is a complex process, mediated through the production of a myriad of cytokines such as TGFB, and environmental conditions such as hypoxia. We have recently identified that metabolic dysregulation, and in particular, downregulation of fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is a key pathway driving the production and reducing the degradation of collagen, the predominant component of the ECM. Conversely, upregulation of PPAR signaling, a major mediator of FAO, reduced transcription of key ECM genes; whilst increasing internalization and degradation of extracellular collagen. Furthermore, CD36, a membrane transporter of long chain fatty acids, was discovered to play a critical role in regulating the trafficking of collagen and lysosomal degradation. Finally, using a pharmacogenomics approach, caffeic acid was identified to be a compound which can be systemically administered, and reduced RF in pre‐clinical models.These data, along with other reports in the literature, strongly point towards the use of metabolic drugs as a therapeutic strategy by which we can mitigate the deleterious effects of RF on cancer patients. More recently, we have also uncovered that metabolic dysregulation likely plays a similar role in the development of lymphedema, a common long‐term toxicity in women after breast cancer therapy. Finally, these findings have broad application to the increasing burden of fibrosis beyond cancer, wherein end‐stage renal, liver, cardiac, and pulmonary fibrosis accounts for up to 1/3 of the deaths around the world.Support or Funding InformationThe work is funded in part by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Genome Canada, the Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute, the Physicians Services Incorporated Foundation, the Harry Barberian Research Scholarship, the Mariano Elia Chair in Head and Neck Cancer Research, the Peter and Shelagh Godsoe Chair in Radiation Medicine, the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Head and Neck Translational Program, the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre Radiation Medicine Program and the Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation, as well by philanthropic funding from the Jesse Rasch Foundation, the Wharton family, Joe’s Team and the Ministry of Health and Long‐Term Care.

Recent developments in cancer therapy and diagnosis

The cancer is serious health problem and leading cause of death in the world. There have intensively studied for diagnosis and therapy of this disease and these studies provided important insights into their mechanism of action and therapeutic/diagnostic effects. The accurence rates of cancer has dramatic increase, particularly in the developed countries. Although there are many different strategies about diagnosis and treatment for cancer, more effective new approaches are needed. In this review, we summarize recent developments on cancer diagnosis, radiopharmaceuticals in cancer diagnosis, nanoparticulate systems in cancer diagnosis, T cells in cancer diagnosis, cancer therapy and pharmacokinetic of anticancer drugs. We thought that while there are some current limitations such as clinical studies, ranging from diagnosis to theraphy, future improvements in cancer diagnosis and treatment will meet the most relevant issues required for the eventual approval of nano-drugs, radiopharmaceuticals, T cells in clinical practice.

Temporal Trends in Population-Level Cure of Cancer: The Australian Context.

With the improvements in cancer diagnosis and treatment, more patients with cancer are surviving for longer periods than before. This study aims to quantify the proportion cured and median survival time for those who are not cured for major cancers in Australia. Australian population-based cohort of 2,164,172 cases, ages 15 to 89 years, whose first cancer diagnosis between 1982 and 2014 was one of 22 leading cancers, were followed up to December 2014. Flexible parametric cure models were used to estimate the proportion cured and median survival time for those uncured by age, sex, and spread of disease, and temporal trends in these measures. Cure estimates could be generated for 19 of the 22 cancer types. The unadjusted proportion cured ranged from 5.0% for pancreatic cancer to 90.0% for melanoma. Median survival time for those uncured ranged from 0.35 years for pancreatic cancer to 6.05 years for prostate cancer. Cancers were divided into four groups according to their proportion cured in the 1980s and the degree of improvement over 28 years. Esophageal, stomach, pancreatic, liver, gallbladder, lung, and brain cancer had lower proportion cured and smaller improvements over time. For cancers with poor survival in which little has changed over time either in prolonging life or achieving statistical cure, efforts should be focused on reducing the prevalence of known risk factors and earlier detection, thereby enabling more effective treatment. Cure models provide unique insights into whether survival improvements are due to prolonging life or through curing the disease.

Multiple primary malignant neoplasms: A case report and literature review.

Until recently, few cases of three or more malignant tumors in one patient have been reported. Owing to the high incidence rate of these tumors, the improvement in cancer diagnosis and treatment, and the extension of patient survival time, the incidence of reported multiple primary malignant neoplasms has gradually increased. The present study reported the case of a 57-year-old man with non-small cell lung cancer combined with B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase V600E mutation, gastrointestinal stromal tumors and lumbar vertebral malignant mucinous sarcoma. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of these three malignancies are discussed and previous studies are also reviewed. The aim of the study was to analyze the genetic mutations associated with multiple primary malignant tumors and to discuss whether those mutations with unknown functional significance could be used as therapeutic indicators. This case report will serve as a reference for future treatment of such patients.