Improve Utilization Efficiency Research Articles

Optimized perovskite photodetector achieved through optical manipulation via biomimetic nanostructure

Photodetectors with high integration and detectivity are in great demand for the development of wearable and flexible electronic devices. However, the limited photoelectric conversion efficiency at low film thickness has significantly hindered further applications for both traditional semiconductors and newly emerged perovskite materials. In this study, we have incorporated a biomimetic nanostructure inspired by the lotus leaf onto the perovskite active layer using a modified two-step room temperature low-pressure nanoimprinting technique. This approach has greatly improved the quality of the perovskite material during the spatially limited crystallization process. By incorporating a biomimetic optical nanostructure, we have achieved a synergistic effect between enhanced scattering and local surface plasmon resonances, leading to a significant improvement in incident light utilization efficiency. With the incorporation of this biomimetic nanostructure, we observed a remarkable enhancement of 1100% in photogenerated current and 39.6% in response speed. This strategy provides a viable approach for designing high-efficiency ultra-thin photodetectors.

Study on the Lower Explosion Limit of Ventilation Air Methane at 700–1200℃

ABSTRACT Regenerative thermal oxidation (RTO) of Ventilation Air Methane (VAM) is an environmentally friendly technology for harnessing heat energy. Higher concentrations of methane can improve utilization efficiency, but it suffers from a high risk of explosion. The lower explosive limit (LEL) of methane at temperatures of 700–1200°C is determined using a self-designed experimental apparatus, and the mechanism at the LEL is analyzed using the GRTO (Gas regenerative thermal oxidation) model constructed by our research group. Results reveal that a linear correlation between the LEL and temperature within 700–1200°C. As the temperature rises, the LEL exhibits a consistent decline. Furthermore, the maximum concentration of VAM in RTO process is elucidated, with an average of 95.3% of LEL. The concentration of ·OH determines the explosive severity at the LEL, and methane explosions are dominated by H+O2⇔O+OH and H2+ OH⇔OH+H2O. 2CH3(+M)⇔C2H6(+M) plays a vital role in inhibiting methane explosion, and its inhibitory effect decreases by 59.5% at 1200°C compared to 700°C.

Engineering Testing Protocols for Machine Learning-Based SoH Estimation in Lithium Metal Batteries

Abstract Lithium metal batteries (LMB) represent one of the most promising battery technologies due to their high energy density. However, the commercial adoption of LMBs has been hindered by their limited lifespan and safety concerns resulting from lithium metal’s high electrochemical reactivity. Effective health estimation could enable optimized LMB operation to improve utilization efficiency and reduce failure risks, as well as accelerate LMB development iteration. In this work, we first propose novel diagnostic tests and aging cycling protocols that enable the tracking of LMB degradation from voltage-current measurements through extracting internal resistance, relaxation voltage statistics, and charging impedance descriptors. We present an integrated data-driven health estimation framework for LMBs, using Bagged Gaussian Process Regression (Bagged-GPR). Validation over test cells demonstrate accurate health tracking performance throughout LMB lifetime using one cycle of voltage-current data. 
The proposed model provides degradation insights for LMBs without the need for additional internal sensors.

A New Path to Language Education Innovation Based on Networked Smart Language Laboratories

This paper discusses the importance of networked intelligent language laboratory as a new path for language education innovation. It elaborates on its background, technical support (Internet of Things, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence technology), advantages (resource sharing and utilization efficiency improvement, personalized learning support, enhanced teaching interaction and feedback, environmental perception and intelligent management), innovative applications (diversified teaching models, intelligent learning assessment, integration of language practice and cultural experience), analyzes the challenges in construction (technical security and privacy protection, teacher role transformation and capacity improvement, education resource integration and quality assurance), and summarizes the research results and looks forward to future development trends, including continuous technological innovation, expanding and deepening applications, and strengthening globalization and cross-cultural communication and cooperation.

Construction Strategies for Residential High Rise Buildings Decoration during Structure Work

The market's attention to the quality and efficiency of engineering construction is continuously increasing. Quality inspection departments, market departments, and others have begun strict supervision and review of projects, aiming to ensure that they are completed in accordance with the correct ideas and standards. Process interleaving is achieved through design optimization and process optimization, reducing processes and measures, and fully utilizing spatial and process parameters to achieve the goals of shortening time parameters, improving quality, and reducing costs. The design of process interleaving schemes lies in the effective utilization of the plane site and spatial resources on the construction site, maintaining the improvement of utilization efficiency, installing as many construction mechanization equipment as possible, and adopting an automated construction mode to improve not only construction efficiency but also reduce the impact of external temperature, humidity, and climate, thereby achieving better improvement in engineering construction quality.

Innovative Application of BIM Based Intelligent Prefabricated Buildings in Green and Low-carbon Design

This article explores the innovative application of intelligent prefabricated buildings based on BIM technology in green and low-carbon design. By analyzing the combination of BIM technology and prefabricated buildings throughout their entire life cycle of design, construction, and operation, the enormous potential of BIM technology in energy conservation, emission reduction, resource utilization efficiency improvement, and optimization of building performance has been demonstrated. Research has shown that BIM technology can effectively improve the design accuracy and construction efficiency of prefabricated buildings, reduce material waste and carbon emissions, and promote the sustainable development of the construction industry. In addition, this article also combines practical application examples to illustrate the specific application effects of BIM in intelligent prefabricated buildings, and looks forward to future development directions.

Petrochemical Industry for the Future

Petroleum has played a vital role as the major supplier of materials and energy during the evolution of human civilization. Given the change in demand for energy from high to low carbon and ultimately net zero carbon, the energy framework has undergone revolutionary changes. The energy attribute of petroleum will be gradually weakened, while the material and CO2 emission attributes will be gradually strengthened. Thus, the petrochemical processing basis, scientific concepts, and ideas will undergo major adjustments to reshape the petrochemical industry. Hence, it is necessary to reconsider the evolution of the petrochemical industry from a historical perspective and to clarify the historical causes, development contexts, and possible challenges in future development. Herein, we critically reassess the key drivers and rules guiding the development of the petrochemical industry and propose a reconstruction strategy based on simplified engineering thinking, innate nature of energy and material, and CO2 emissions, which can be realized through the integration of gasification with CO as the target product and recent C1 chemistry targeting the precise synthesis of chemicals. The concept of the petrochemical industry will change from the product-based process of selection and transformation of raw material molecules to the process of carbon atom reconfiguration driven by product CO2 emissions. More accurate management of C atoms can be accomplished with greatly improved utilization efficiency and the reduction of separation intensity and CO2 emissions via the stepwise introduction of a new approach in the current petrochemical industry.

Immobilization of multilayer sodium alginate/polysaccharide antibacterial material composite beads as glufosinate controlled release matrices

To find a new way to slow down the release of glufosinate (GA) pesticide and to solve the susceptibility to decomposition by soil microorganisms, a series of novel antibacterial polysaccharide-based sustained release beads (PSRB) were prepared. The PSRB was prepared by immobilization of GA loaded polysaccharide-based chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (PS-HACC) microcapsules in the core and layers of the multilayer sodium alginate beads. The PSRB was characterized by FI-IR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM, and BET to reveal their composition and surface morphology. The optimal conditions of the slow release beads were as follows, the concentration of Ca2+, pH, temperature and the coating layer number was 0.1 mol/L, 7, 25 °Cand 3, respectively. The kinetic study showed that the slow release of PSRB was in accordance with the Higuchi kinetic model, and the FI-IR and XRD analyses revealed that the PS-HACC and GA were successfully cross-linked to the PSRB. BET showed that PSRB were greater than PSRB3 at surface area, pore volume and pore size. Inhibition circles experiments demonstrated that WPSRB3 has good antibacterial activity. The weed control in soybean with PSRB3 application is perfect and the weed control cycle is long. Therefore, this technology can provide a potential way to control GA release, improve utilization efficiency, reduce pesticide use and environmental pollution, and at the same time, provide a potential way to achieve ecological agriculture.

Process system simulation of coupled pyrolysis disposal of domestic waste in coal-fired boiler and pilot study on dioxin emission

The disposal of domestic waste has become a critical and costly problem. Incineration for power generation is currently the primary domestic waste treatment method. Due to its small capacity and low parameters, domestic waste incineration is generally uneconomical and associated with significant risks to public health and environmental safety. The coal-fired power plants are generally characterized with huge capacity and high parameters, consequently resulting in much higher power generation efficiency with lower cost emission control. This indicates that co-disposal of domestic waste using existing coal-fired units may significantly reduce its treatment costs associated with the improvement of utilization efficiency and environmental risks. Base on this, a highly-flexible coupling of pyrolysis-pretreated solid waste in pulverized coal furnace is proposed in this paper, and field tests and numerical simulations have been carried out separately according to the process route. The results show that after coupling with pulverized coal boiler, domestic waste pyrolysis pretreatment unit can operate self-sustainably without external energy supply and the process route is feasible. Furthermore, the coupled co-combustion of domestic waste pyrolysis products and pulverized coal was simulated by fluent software. Compared with pure pulverized coal combustion, mixing domestic waste pyrolysis products can promote pulverized coal combustion in the furnace and help the pulverized coal boiler to burn stably at low load. The emission concentrations of NOx at the outlet of the furnace are 530 ppm, 545 ppm and 478 ppm respectively when pulverized coal is burned purely and mixed with 100 t/d and 200 t/d domestic waste. the NOx emissions could be reduced to a certain extent by mixing domestic waste. On the basis of previous research, the field test of coupling disposal of domestic waste by pulverized coal boiler was carried out, and the dioxin concentration in flue gas and fly ash was tested emphatically. The results show that when the amount of waste is less than 4 %, the concentration of dioxin in flue gas is 0.0107 ng TEQ/m3, which meets the latest emission standard of air pollutants in Shanghai coal-fired sludge power plant of 0.02 ng TEQ/m3. Low proportion of domestic waste will not increase the production and emission of dioxins. These studies show that it is feasible and promising to treat municipal solid waste with low coupling ratio by using existing coal-fired units.

Integrated Multi-Omics Reveals New Ruminal Microbial Features Associated with Peanut Vine Efficiency in Dairy Cattle.

The aim of this study was to improve the utilization of peanut vines as forage material for ruminants by investigating the degradation pattern of peanut vines in the dairy cow rumen. Samples of peanut vine incubated in cow rumens were collected at various time points. Bacterial diversity was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) were analyzed by metagenomics. The peanut vines degraded rapidly from 2 to 24 h, before slowing from 24 to 72 h. SEM images confirmed dynamic peanut vine colonization. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the two most dominant bacterial phyla throughout. Principal coordinates analysis indicated significant microbial composition changes at 6 and 24 h. This may be because, in the early stage, soluble carbohydrates that are easily degradable were degraded, while in the later stage, fibrous substances that are difficult to degrade were mainly degraded. Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) were the most abundant CAZymes, with peak relative abundance at 6 h (56.7 trans per million, TPM), and reducing at 24 (55.9 TPM) and 72 h (55.3 TPM). Spearman correlation analysis showed that Alistipes_sp._CAG:435, Alistipes_sp._CAG:514, Bacteroides_sp._CAG:1060, Bacteroides_sp._CAG:545, Bacteroides_sp._CAG:709, Bacteroides_sp._CAG:770, bacterium_F082, bacterium_F083, GH29, GH78, and GH92 were important for plant fiber degradation. These findings provide fundamental knowledge about forage degradation in the cow rumen, and will be important for the targeted improvement of ruminant plant biomass utilization efficiency.

FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS AS A TOOL FOR MEASURING FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN PT. BATURAJA CEMENT (PERSERO)

The financial performance of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) for the period 2020-2022 needs to be evaluated to determine the effectiveness of management in managing the company's finances. The purpose of the study is to measure the financial performance of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) through financial statement analysis over the period 2020, 2021, and 2022. This study uses various types of financial ratios such as Liquidity, Solvency, and Profitability. The research method used is qualitative with a quantitative approach. The data used is sourced from the financial statements of PT Semen Baturaja (Persero) Tbk for the years 2020, 2021, and 2022, obtained from the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The analysis results show that the company has good liquidity because current assets are higher than current liabilities. The solvency ratio level is quite healthy. Although the Debt to Asset Ratio (DAR) indicates high debt, the low Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) values show that most of the assets are still funded by equity. The company's profitability level is less healthy. Although the Gross Profit Margin (GPM) shows positive results and is higher than the industry average, other ratios such as Operating Profit Margin (OPM), Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA), and Return on Equity (ROE) indicate that the company has significant room for improvement in operational efficiency, cost management, and optimization of asset and equity utilization. Keywords: Analysis, Liquidity, Solvency, Profitability

Availability and status of different farm power sources and mechanization in Odisha state

The status of farm mechanization, farm power availability, farm machinery sales are addressed in this study. The total farm power availability in Odisha agriculture is 2.93 kW/ha in 2016-17. This paper discusses the trend of mechanization status in Odisha. It has been found that there a large scope of mechanization in the state as there is minimum share of machine labour in the total cost of cultivating the principle crops.There is high need of adoption of suitable small machines and low cost especially for tillage, transplanting, weeding, harvesting and threshing operations. Massive awareness programme need to be carried out among the farmers of Odisha for popularizing the need based and crop specific machinery, available at the various research organizations of the state and the country for enhancing mechanization. Farm mechanization in India : Mechanization of agriculture enhances productivity, besides reducing human drudgery and cost of cultivation. Mechanization also helps in improving utilization efficiency of other inputs like safety and comfort of the agricultural worker. Total farm mechanization in India has been lower at 40-45% compared to other countries such as USA (95%), Brazil (75%) and China (57%). Government has decided to enhance farm power availability from 2.02 kW/ha (2016-17) to 4.0 kW/ha by the end of 2030 to cope up with increasing demand for food grains. Farm mechanization market in India has been growing at a CAGR of 7.53 per cent during 2016-2020 due to thrust given by various government policies

Carrier-free self-assembled nanoparticles based on prochloraz and fenhexamid for reducing toxicity to aquatic organism

Nanoformulations of pesticides are an effective way to increase utilization efficiency and alleviate the adverse impacts on the environments caused by conventional pesticide formulations. However, the complex preparation process, high cost, and potential environmental risk of nanocarriers severely restricted practical applications of carrier-based pesticide nanoformulations in agriculture. Herein, carrier-free self-assembled nanoparticles (FHA-PRO NPs) based on fenhexamid (FHA) and prochloraz (PRO) were developed by a facile co-assembly strategy to improve utilization efficiency and reduce toxicity to aquatic organism of pesticides. The results showed that noncovalent interactions between negatively charged FHA and positively charged PRO led to core-shell structured nanoparticles arranged in an orderly manner dispersing in aqueous solution with a diameter of 256 nm. The prepared FHA-PRO NPs showed a typical pH-responsive release profile and exhibited excellent physicochemical properties including low surface tension and high max retention. The photostability of FHA-PRO NPs was improved 2.4 times compared with free PRO. The FHA-PRO NPs displayed superior fungicidal activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Botrytis cinerea and longer duration against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on potted rapeseed plants. Additionally, the FHA-PRO NPs reduced the acute toxicity of PRO to zebrafish significantly. Therefore, this work provided a promising strategy to develop nanoformulations of pesticides with stimuli-responsive controlled release characteristics for precise pesticide delivery.

Theoretical and experimental study on total heat recovery of condensing gas boiler flue gas by gas engine-driven compression heat pump

How to improve the utilization efficiency of natural gas and achieve the goal of carbon reduction has gradually become the focus of people’s attention. The exhaust temperature of the condensing gas boiler is between 50℃ and 80℃, which still contains some heat that is not used, so it is necessary to recover this part of the heat. This paper mainly studies the total heat recovery and utilization of waste heat from low-temperature flue gas of condensing gas boiler. In the research field of gas boiler flue gas waste heat recovery, the use of gas compression heat pump to recover gas boiler flue gas waste heat is still very few. Based on the principle of reducing the cold source temperature, a low-temperature flue gas recovery scheme of a gas engine-driven compression heat pump coupled condensing gas boiler is proposed. The low-temperature chilled water produced by gas engine-driven compression heat pump is used to recover flue gas waste heat from condensing gas boiler and gas engine, which can improve the utilization efficiency of natural gas and eliminate the “white smoke phenomenon” simultaneously. In addition, the waste heat of flue gas is used as the low-temperature heat source of gas engine-driven compression heat pump to ensure the stable operation of the heat pump in the low-temperature environment. The flue gas waste heat recovery technology has been improved compared with other flue gas waste heat recovery technologies in terms of primary energy utilization efficiency, system stability, corrosion resistance of flue gas heat exchangers, and investment recovery cycle. The experimental results show that when the water inlet temperature of the flue gas heat exchanger is 15℃, the overall power of the unit can reach 645 kW, and the final exhaust temperature is below 25℃. The overall primary energy utilization rate of the GEHP&CB can reach 110 %, which is 10 %∼20 % higher than that of the condensing gas boiler. The payback period of the increased initial investment is 1.4 heating seasons. Due to the improvement of natural gas utilization efficiency significantly reduces natural gas consumption and pollutant discharge.

Efficient nitrogen removal from mainstream sewage in tidal flow constructed wetlands: Targeted migration and conducive spatial distribution for pollutants removal

The tidal flow constructed wetland (TFCW) effectively removes nitrogen from mainstream wastewater but encounters limitations in denitrification, resulting in the accumulation of nitrate and nitrite nitrogen (NOx--N). In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution characteristics of pollutants and migration-transformation processes within the TFCW using the stratified analysis theories proposed. The results indicated that during the influent stage, 82.60 % of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) and 87.77 % of COD were adsorbed by the top and middle layers. In the drain stage's oxygen-rich environment, microorganisms and atmospheric oxygen oxidized NH4+-N to NOx--N, achieving in-situ regeneration of NH4+-N adsorption sites. Furthermore, 61.87 % of the NOx--N was washed into the bottom in the next influent stage, subsequently adsorbed by the biofilm, and finally reduced to gaseous nitrogen using carbon source as the electron donor at the drain stage. Consequently, inconsistent locations of carbon source and NOx--N were identified as limiting factors for denitrification in TFCW. Based on this, the study designed a two-way influent tide flow constructed wetland (TTFCW) by altering the influent pattern. It facilitated targeted carbon source addition for denitrification, resulting in a 3.30-fold improvement in actual carbon source utilization efficiency of TFCW. Ultimately, this approach resulted in a notable increase in NOx--N removal rate by 64.51 %, accompanied by a 28.32 % reduction in accumulation levels. This study fills the research gap in the internal distribution and migration-transformation of pollutants within TFCW, providing methods support for enhancing nitrogen removal in TFCW and ideas for denitrification in mainstream wastewater.

Analyzing green and sustainable land use in China's coal cities: Insights from industrial transformation.

Driven by the goal of achieving sustainable development and carbon neutrality. Addressing environmental pollution and remediating land damage have become critical challenges in resource-based cities and regions with low land use efficiency. As a response, this study focuses on the 23 provinces where China's coal resource-based cities are situated. Utilizing data from 2014 to 2020, this research employs the SBM-Undesirable model, which considers undesirable outputs in efficiency calculations, and the Tobit regression test. It aims to explore the spatio-temporal variations in industrial transformation within resource-based cities and its impact on the efficiency of green space utilization. Furthermore, it analyzes the characteristics and the extent of the influence of factors such as industrial structure adjustments on urban land use efficiency, maximizing the output of land as a factor of production. The results show that: (1) Over the 7-year period studied, China consistently made nationwide adjustments to land area and land use structure to meet the needs of urban development (2) The regression test results show that the industrial transformation of resource-based cities can promote the improvement of green space utilization efficiency. The positive influence coefficient is 0.064 and is significant at a 1% level. (3) Environmental regulation, government expenditure, international trade, and green cover play a positive role in promoting green land use. The study provides valuable insights for policymakers and urban planners seeking to foster sustainable development in resource-based cities.

Improving control efficacy of pesticide sprayed by unmanned aerial vehicle using a compound

the experiment of control efficiency on rice suggested synergist could improve utilization efficiency (UE) of pesticide effectively. Schematic illustration of the mechanism of synergist and digital photograph of water-dispersed paper

Validation of a delivery strategy for reducing nutrient inputs and improving nutrient use efficiency in greenhouse-grown sub-irrigated pot chrysanthemums

Two experiments were conducted in a naturally lit research greenhouse to validate our modified strategy for delivering nutrients to sub-irrigated chrysanthemum plants. A split-plot design was used with four blocks arranged randomly, three nutrient rates as the main plot, and two contrasting cultivars as the subplot. The entire nutrient supply was removed at bud break and markedly reduced during vegetative growth, compared to common commercial fertilizer formulations, without adversely affecting tissue nutrient levels and plant/inflorescence quality, indicating that the plants were functioning in the low nutrient sufficiency zone. Specific nutrients (Nt) were more likely to exhibit improved uptake efficiency (shoot Nt content/Nt supply) than improved utilization efficiency (inflorescence DM/shoot Nt content) with decreasing nutrient supply. Thus, the common practice of delivering superfluous nutrient levels to greenhouse-grown chrysanthemum has little scientific merit in terms of nutrient accumulation and plant longevity. Applying a low‐input nutrient delivery strategy to the cultivation of indoor-grown, potted ornamental plants would improve the overall sustainability of the Canadian floricultural industry.

Study on the allocation efficiency of medical and health resources in Hainan Province: Based on the super-efficiency SBM-Malmquist model.

The equity and efficiency of medical and health resource allocation is the key point of health reform in all countries. Poor allocation efficiency of health resources will seriously affect the sustainable and high-quality development of health causes. Hainan Province is the only free trade port with Chinese characteristics in China, which means that Hainan has ushered in a brand-new development under the policy of free trade port. This study aims to adopt policies to improve the efficiency of medical and health resource allocation in Hainan Province and provide references for other regions. In this study, the Super-efficiency SBM and Malmquist models were used to analyze the static and dynamic efficiency of medical and health resource allocation in Hainan Province during 2016-2020. The results showed that, statically, the average efficiency of comprehensive allocation of health resources in Hainan Province from 2016 to 2020 was 0.975, showing poor overall performance and significant regional differences. Dynamically, the average index of allocation efficiency of medical and health resources was 0.934, showing a negative growth trend. The technical efficiency and scale efficiency of health resource allocation efficiency showed positive growth, while the technical progress and pure technical efficiency showed negative growth. It shows that it is influenced by both scale efficiency and technological progress, among which technological progress is the key factor. Therefore, some policy suggestions are put forward to further optimize the allocation of medical and health resources and improve utilization efficiency.

Exploring low-carbon and sustainable urban transformation design using ChatGPT and artificial bee colony algorithm

The aim of this study is to provide effective solutions to promote the transition of resource-based cities to low carbon and sustainable development. Firstly, this study investigates the background of low-carbon transformation of resource-based cities. Secondly, it introduces the application method of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) in detail. Finally, this study proposes a comprehensive application of ChatGPT and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm. The results show that the average energy utilization efficiency improvement index of the group using ChatGPT is 0.11. The average energy efficiency improvement index of the group using ABC algorithm is 0.02 higher than that of the control group. The integrated application of ChatGPT and ABC algorithm can further improve the low-carbon transformation effect of resource-based cities and achieve the goal of green development.