Load Factor Improvement Research Articles

The lighting load—its characteristics and development

The author discusses the growth of the lighting load during recent years, and directs attention to the trend in its characteristics for various uses. It is shown that, while the demand for lighting consumption is increasing, there is a simultaneous improvement in load factor. Proposals are put forward for developing the lighting load, and especially opportunities for obtaining increased revenue per pound of capital expenditure by encouraging higher lighting levels and their more extended use. The author urges the appointment of lighting development officers to call at regular intervals on shops, factories, hotels, etc., offering suggestions to improve lighting conditions. It is claimed that the added revenue obtained from giving such services more than meets the expenditure involved. An estimate is given of the potentialities of the lighting load in Great Britain, assuming reasonable increments in lighting levels.

The Interconnected Power Systems of the Southeast

Many articles have appeared in the press and in scientific magazines during recent years on the super-power systems of the country, and much attention has been directed to what has been called the super-power system of the South eastern States, as illustrating one of the best developed power systems in the United States. S9me of these articles have di1oeusHcd at great length the question of voltage control, switching troubles, and other operating difficulties to be encountered and solved. Others have contained actual set-ups for conditions five to ten years hence, with maps of new lines which should be built, and have included tables showing the vast saving which will annually result in the operation of such a system, such saving being the direct result of improved load factor, concentration of generating capacity in large plants at favourable locations, and utilization to the maximum possible extent of all available water power, even in times of high-water or flood conditions. The saving, expressed in dollars, under some of these plans is so great that there is a marked tendency to become over-enthusiastic as to the immediate need and possibility of the proposed system, and to forget the physical and financial problems involved in making predictions or drawing conclusions.

Annual load relief map, peak load and load factor analysis

Description of the annual load relief map which is a device for visualizing the entire yearly load of central stations. Review of load characteristics, as exemplified by the annual load relief map. Notes on daylight saving relative to the decreasing of peak load, and improvement in load factor. Analysis of load factors as applied to “base” and “top” loads demonstrating the large amount of idle capacity peculiar to central stations. Annual load relief map valuable in the study and exemplification of all matters having to do with central station loads.

Annual Load Relief Map, Peak Load and Load Factor Analysis

Description of the annual load relief map which is a device for visualizing the entire yearly load of central stations. Review of load characteristics, as exemplified by the annual load relief map. Notes on daylight saving relative to the decreasing of peak load, and improvement in load factor. Analysis of load factors as applied to ``base'' and ``top'' loads demonstrating the large amount of idle capacity peculiar to central stations. Annual load relief map valuable in the study and exemplification of all matters having to do with central station loads.