Improvements In Endurance Research Articles

Peculiarities of the use of "outdoor activity" with persons of the second mature age in health fitness

The article examines the peculiarities of the use of "outdoor activity" means with persons of the second mature age in improving fitness. Materials and methods: The research was conducted on the basis of the "Freestyle" fitness club in Kyiv. A total of 45 people of different sexes (41 men, 4 women), aged from 36 to 60 years (second mature age) took part in the research (survey). Results: We analyzed video recordings of "outdoor activity" training sessions on the Internet and evaluated their effectiveness for people of the second mature age according to the following criteria: physical component of programs, social component of programs, natural conditions for classes, variability of programs, effectiveness of programs, safety of programs, availability of programs, psychological advantages of programs, financial aspect of programs. The most effective measures and fitness programs with "outdoor activity" that can be considered the most useful for those who engage in independent or group training sessions in the health direction in the second mature age among women and men and the prevalence of using "outdoor activity" programs were also determined in order of decreasing significance. Conclusions: based on the results of a comparative analysis of various "outdoor activity" programs, it was established that outdoor fitness classes improve mood, reduce stress levels and increase emotional well-being. In today's wellness fitness outdoor activity programs for adults can have varying popularity based on various factors, such as accessibility, effectiveness, advertising, social support, physical limitations of participants, and others. With the help of a questionnaire, it was determined what was the main motivation for the respondents (n = 45) to use "outdoor activity" (improvement of physical fitness and endurance - 53.3%, weight loss - 24.5%, relaxation and stress reduction - 17.7%, feeling of nature and fresh air - 2.5%), which are the most relevant obstacles and problems when using "outdoor activity" (no obstacles - 20%, weather conditions - 37.7%, lack of time - 42.3%, lack of motivation - 2, 2%).

Comparison of externally and internally guided dance movement to address mobility, cognition, and psychosocial function in people with Parkinson's disease and freezing of gait: a case series.

The aim of this study is to explore the impact of internally guided (IG) versus externally guided (EG) adapted tango (AT) dance training (i.e., dancing the IG "Leader" role or the EG "Follower" role), on motor and non-motor functions in individuals with Parkinson's disease and freezing of gait (PD-FOG). The "Leader" role, a proxy for IG movements, conveys direction, timing, and amplitude of steps with tactile cues. The "Follower" role, a proxy for EG movements, detects and responds to the leader's tactile cues. Six participants were randomly assigned to the IG ("Leader") or EG ("Follower") roles for 20, 90-min AT lessons over 12 weeks. Participants were assessed for PD-specific and non-PD-specific functions before and twice after the end of the 12-week intervention, at 1-week and 1-month post-intervention. EG participants improved and/or maintained performance on more outcomes across all domains than IG participants. Five participants improved in PD motor symptoms, dynamic gait, global cognitive function, and the FOG Questionnaire immediately or 1 month after intervention. All participants expressed positive attitudes toward the intervention, including improvements in walking, balance, and endurance. AT training in the follower role may benefit individuals with PD-FOG to a greater extent compared to the leader role. This case series study could inform additional research with the goal of enhancing physical therapy or music-based therapy approaches for addressing PD-FOG.

Biofeedback-Based Proprioceptive Training to Improve Functional Prerequisites of Dragon Boating in Breast Cancer Survivors.

Breast cancer (BC)-related sequelae drastically impact the psychophysical functioning and quality of life of affected women. Adapted physical activity (APA) has proved to effectively counteract these impairments in a non-medicalized framework. In particular, dragon boats are able to promote body functionality, social interaction, and quality of life in BC survivors, but the literature on specific motor gestures is scarce and practice is still based more on a re-educative perspective than a performative one. In this context, the present longitudinal study investigated the benefits of an adapted biofeedback-based sensorimotor training intervention on upper body functionality in a team of dragon ladies. The 8-week intervention was conceived as integrated dry workout sessions led by an APA kinesiologist and applied a novel sensorized proprioceptive device, such as a Libra board. Post-protocol evaluation revealed a significant improvement in bilateral upper limb mobility, core endurance, and trunk stability along with a distress decrease and quality of life enhancement through validated assessment tools. Our findings suggest that integrating biofeedback-based workout sessions can effectively promote upper body functionality in BC survivors practicing dragon boating. Furthermore, our innovative approach could help spread methodological hints able to boost exercise adherence in this target population, thus counteracting cancer recurrence while promoting overall well-being.

Repeated Exposure to Mild Intermittent Hypoxia Improves Walking Endurance in OSA Patients for 4 - 8 Weeks Post Therapy

Background: Approximately one billion adults globally are diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Co-morbidities associated with sleep apnea include hypertension and increased susceptibility to fatigue linked to lower oxygen bioavailability and reduced exercise performance. Previously, we reported that daily exposure to mild intermittent hypoxia (MIH) reduces blood pressure following 3 weeks of treatment. These reductions in pressure could be coupled with improvements in microvascular function, fatigability and exercise performance. Objective: Thus, in the present investigation we explored if daily exposure to MIH improves walking endurance that is sustained for 8 weeks following treatment in individuals with OSA and hypertension (HTN). We also examined if improvements in endurance were correlated to modifications in microvascular function measured using near-infrared spectroscopy. Methods: To achieve this objective, both males and females with severe OSA and hypertension were randomly assigned to receive an MIH intervention (n=9) or Sham MIH (n=10). Half of the individuals in each group were also randomly assigned to nightly CPAP use. Based on the small sample size and the similarity of responses, the groups treated with MIH or sham MIH were combined independent of CPAP use. The MIH protocol consisted of twelve 2-minute hypoxic episodes (PETO2 ~ 50 mmHg), interchanged with 2 minutes of normoxia administered each day for 15 days. PETCO2 was sustained 2 mmHg above baseline throughout the protocol. To evaluate the impact of MIH on microvascular function, oxygen carrying capacity and fatigability, 10 minute walk tests (10 MWT) and vascular occlusion tests coupled with near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) were performed before therapy, as well as, 5 days, 4 weeks, and 8 weeks after therapy. Results: No significant difference in distance, speed, and performance fatigue was found between the two groups during the 10 MWT before therapy. However, following therapy, the MIH group was able to walk further (p = 0.005), faster (p = 0.005), and were less fatigued (p = 0.009). These improvements were maintained for up to 8 weeks following treatment with MIH but not sham MIH. As anticipated, the total distance travelled was correlated to the performance fatigue index (r = -0.734, p < 0.0001). The Δ in performance fatigue index was correlated to the Δ in the maximal hyperemic response of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) (r = -0.461, p = 0.021) following treatment with MIH. Likewise, the perceived fatigability index was correlated to the Δ in the amplitude of the hyperemic HbO2 response (relative to measures obtained at the end of occlusion) (r = -0.397, p = 0.0494) and the Δ in the time to achieve the maximum HbO2 hyperemic response (r = 0.412, p = 0.041) following treatment with MIH. Conclusion: Our results show that distance, speed and performance fatigue are improved following treatment with MIH and that these improvements are sustained for 8 weeks. Our results also showed that correlations between improved performance, perceived fatigue and microvascular function were evident, providing the impetus to further investigate these relationships. Overall, our findings suggest that MIH may improve muscle endurance, allowing individuals with OSA and HTN to walk faster, longer, and with less fatigue for up to 8 weeks following 15 days of treatment with MIH. I01CX000125, IK6CX002287, R01HL142757, R56HL142757. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2024 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

The Effects of Football Training on Improving Aerobic Skills, Technique, and Anthropometry in Goalkeepers

Objectives. The study aimed to assess the impact of football training, particularly for goalkeepers, on children’s motor skills and aerobic capacity over a 10-month period. Materials and methods. This experimental study focused on evaluating the specific skills of goalkeepers and the aerobic capacities of children who took on the role of goalkeeper after undergoing training. The study involved totally 20 individuals aged 10-14 who played as goalkeepers and who were part of the entire population trained at the Real Madrid Foundation UNY Football School. The changes in the goalkeeperʼs aerobic capacity, reaction speed, and diving, as well as anthropometric measurements were found in the study. The instruments used for this research included a multi-stage fitness test, a test of the goalkeeperʼs reaction and diving skills, as well as height and weight measurements. The data analysis technique used was the t-test to determine differences in variables between the pretest and post-test, with a significance level of less than 0.05 (P < 0.05). Results. The results revealed significant improvements in aerobic endurance (P = 0.004), reaction ability (P = 0.007), and goalkeeper diving (P = 0.002) after 10 months of football training. However, there were no significant changes in height, weight, and BMI, as the P value was greater than 0.05. Conclusions. These findings have important implications for evaluating goalkeeper training programs and provide a basis for recommending more effective ones.

Seasonal Variation in Vitamin D Status Does Not Interfere with Improvements in Aerobic and Muscular Endurance in Conscripts during Basic Military Training.

Considering a lack of respective data, the primary objective of this study was to assess whether seasonal variation in vitamin D status (D-status) affects the extent of improvement in physical performance (PP) in conscripts during basic military training (BMT). D-status, PP and several blood parameters were measured repeatedly in conscripts whose 10-week BMT started in July (cohort S-C; n = 96) or in October (cohort A-C; n = 107). D-status during BMT was higher in S-C compared to A-C (overall serum 25(OH)D 61.4 ± 16.1 and 48.5 ± 20.7 nmol/L, respectively; p < 0.0001). Significant (p < 0.05) improvements in both aerobic and muscular endurance occurred in both cohorts during BMT. Pooled data of the two cohorts revealed a highly reliable (p = 0.000) but weak (R2 = 0.038-0.162) positive association between D-status and PP measures both at the beginning and end of BMT. However, further analysis showed that such a relationship occurred only in conscripts with insufficient or deficient D-status, but not in their vitamin D-sufficient companions. Significant (p < 0.05) increases in serum testosterone-to-cortisol ratio and decreases in ferritin levels occurred during BMT. In conclusion, a positive association exists between D-status and PP measures, but seasonal variation in D-status does not influence the extent of improvement in PP in conscripts during BMT.

Enhancing Anaerobic Endurance in Student Futsal Players through Small-Sided Games Combined with High-Intensity Interval Training

Objectives. Futsal is a team sport that requires anaerobic support tactics and playing techniques, some of which include attack versus defend and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of training small-sided games with high-intensity interval training on the anaerobic endurance of futsal players. Materials and methods. In this study, a one-group pretest-posttest design was used. The study population consisted of 25 players. 16 players were selected with an average age of 15.9 ± 0.5 years, a height of 158.1 ± 5.79 cm, a body mass of 58.9 ± 9.79 kg, and an IMT of 19.9 ± 2.41. The research data were analyzed using the paired sample t-test. Results. Based on the results of the paired sample t-test, it was found that the sig (2-tailed) values were 0.002 &lt; 0.005, indicating a significant increase in anaerobic endurance. Conclusions. It can be concluded that small-sided game training with high-intensity interval training contributes significantly to the improvement of anaerobic endurance in student futsal players.

Effects of Ashwagandha ( Withania somnifera) standardized root extract on physical endurance and VO 2max in healthy adults performing resistance training: An eight-week, prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Ashwagandha is a well-known Ayurvedic herb used for youthful vigor and wellbeing. This study investigated the effects of 600 mg standardized root extract (>5% withanolides) of Ashwagandha ( Withania somnifera) on muscle size, strength and cardiorespiratory endurance following resistance training. In this eight-week, parallel-group, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical study, 80 healthy male and female participants aged 18-45 years, who engaged in regular physical activity were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive Ashwagandha (AG, n=40) 300 mg capsules twice daily for eight weeks, or identical placebo (PB, n=40). Seven (3 AG, 4 PB) participants were excluded due to poor compliance. All participants conducted eight-week resistance training. Study outcomes included muscle strength (1RM bench press and leg extension), muscle size(circumference of arm, chest and upper thigh) and cardio-respiratory endurance(VO 2max) assessed at baseline and at eight weeks. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to estimate adjusted differences based on sex, BMI and chest circumference at baseline. AG caused greater improvement in bench press (males: p = 0.0084; females: p = 0.0005), leg press (males: p = 0.0049; females: p = 0.018) and endurance (males: p <0.0001; females: p <0.0001) as compared to PB. Also, greater improvements in muscle girth for arm, chest and thigh were seen in both male and female participants with AG. No adverse events were reported in the study. Eight weeks of AG root extract supplementation along with resistance training is effective in improving muscle strength, growth and endurance in both male and female participants. AG root extract could be a safer, effective and low-cost alternative for athletes to improve muscle endurance.

Physiological and metabolic aspects of adaptation to special physical loads of the organism of sports walkers

Purpose: to evaluate the efficiency of the use of interval training loads by athletes specialising in race walking in different periods of training using biochemical and physiological indicators. Methodology. In solving the tasks of increasing the functionality of training of the organism of sports walkers, the progressive method of training, which is aimed at improving special endurance through the use of certain physical activities, is crucial, taking into account specific periods of training. Their rational use contributes to the growth of functional capabilities and metabolism, which ensures the growth of sports performance. According to the literature, interval training loads are one of the most effective ways to accelerate speed potential and special speed endurance in cyclic sports. The interval training method is characterised by the repeating of physical exercises in a strict sequence, where the intervals are planned in advance, and the speed of passing certain distance segments with a strictly regulated break - a rest interval - is also provided for. At the same time, the interval training method can be composed with little changes, where rest intervals can vary in time, and the length can be variable, increasing with each subsequent segment. The value of this method, according to the literature, is that it increases the heart's capacity almost twice as fast as by covering distances using the continuous method. Scientific novelty. In addition to the available scientific data, we proposed the effectiveness of the use of interval training loads in the preparatory and competitive period. Conclusions. The tasks of our researches were the analysis of efficiency of the use of interval training loads (2000m x7 times) and performance of tempo work of 10 km of specially-preparatory and competitive periods. It was established that the use of interval training, accompanied by the accumulation of lactate up to 12 mmol·l-1 in the blood and an increase in heart rate over 180 beats∙min -1, leads to an improvement in sports result, which indicates an improvement in the speed capabilities and high-speed endurance of athletes in the competitive period compared to the preparatory period. The used interval loads confirm the correct choice of the training load programme, which has shown its effectiveness in the competitive period of training in comparison with the preparatory period: it contributed to the improvement of test results, speed capabilities and high-speed endurance of athletes.

Physiological and metabolic effects of using interval training loads by athletes specializing in race walking in different training periods

Purpose: to evaluate the efficiency of using interval training loads by athletes specializing in race walking in different training periods using biochemical and physiological indicators.&#x0D; Material and methods. The study included 22 athletes specializing in race walking aged 19-30 years with 6-15 years of sports experience and qualifications of Master of Sports (MS) and International Master of Sports (ICMS). The athletes performed physical tests - 500m x 20 times and 1000m x 12 times. The study was conducted both at rest and during the recovery period after performing the physical tests. Physiological and biochemical control with the determination of lactate content in the blood, heart rate, and sports performance was used to assess the direction and effectiveness of the training process in different periods of athletes' training.&#x0D; Results. Used interval loads confirm the correct choice of the training load program, which has shown its effectiveness in the competitive period of training compared to the preparatory period: it contributed to the improvement of test results, speed capabilities and high-speed endurance of athletes. It has been established that the use of interval training, accompanied by the accumulation of lactate up to 12 mmol·l-1 in the blood and an increase in heart rate over 180 min-1, leads to an improvement in sports performance.&#x0D; Conclusions. The used interval training loads contributed to the improvement of sports result in the competitive period in comparison with the preparatory period when overcoming series of 500 m distance by 2,08s, and 1000 m distance - by 6,56s, that testifies to the improvement of motor qualities - speed and high-speed endurance of sportsmen in the competitive period in comparison with the preparatory period.

Evolution of world running record performances for men and women: physiological characteristics.

Running world records (WRs) contain information about physiological characteristics that determine running performance. The progression of WRs over time encode the evolution of these characteristics. Here we demonstrate that a previously established model for running performance describes WRs since 1918 for men and since 1984 for women with high accuracy. The physiological parameters extracted from WR for each year are interpreted in terms of historical changes in training approaches and corresponding physiological adaptions, technological progress, social effects, and also the use of performance enhancing drugs. While the last two decades had witnessed stagnation of WRs, recent improvements in endurance have enable new WRs, presumably aided by recent technological advancements.

Evaluating the Effects of an Enhanced Strength Training Program in Remote Cardiological Rehabilitation: A Shift from Aerobic Dominance-A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

(1) Background: Cardiac rehabilitation often emphasizes aerobic capacity while overlooking the importance of muscle strength. This study evaluated the impact of an enhanced remote strength training program (RCR-ST) on cardiac rehabilitation. (2) Methods: In this randomized prospective study (RCT registration number SMC-9080-22), 50 patients starting cardiac rehabilitation were assessed for muscle strength, aerobic capacity, and self-reported outcomes at baseline and after 16 weeks. Participants were divided into two groups: the RCR-ST group received a targeted resistance training program via a mobile app and smartwatch, while the control group received standard care with general resistance training advice. (3) Results: The RCR-ST group demonstrated significant improvements in muscle endurance, notably in leg extension and chest press exercises, with increases of 92% compared to 25% and 92% compared to 13% in the control group, respectively. Functional assessments (5-STS and TUG tests) also showed marked improvements in agility, coordination, and balance. Both groups improved in cardiorespiratory fitness, similarly. The RCR-ST group reported enhanced physical health and showed increased engagement, as evidenced by more frequent use of the mobile app and longer participation in the rehabilitation program (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Incorporating a focused strength training regimen in remote cardiac rehabilitation significantly improves muscle endurance and patient engagement. The RCR-ST program presents a promising approach for optimizing patient outcomes by addressing a crucial gap in traditional rehabilitation protocols that primarily focus on aerobic training.

Psychological predictors of performance-based physical functioning among pediatric pain program participants.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate changes in performance-based physical functioning and investigate psychological predictors of physical functioning over time in pediatric patients with chronic pain who completed an interdisciplinary rehabilitation intensive outpatient program (IOP). Participants (N = 55; mean age = 14.92 years; 12.7% male, 87.3% female; 83.6% White, 5.6% African-American/Black; 9.1% Latinx) completed baseline measures assessing pain intensity and modifiable psychological factors (i.e., pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, anxiety and depressive symptoms). Participants were administered performance-based assessments of physical functioning (i.e., physical endurance, high-level motor abilities) before and after IOP completion. Pain intensity was not significantly associated with physical functioning at either timepoint. There was significant improvement on measures of physical functioning after completion of the IOP when controlling for the effects of sex, race, and ethnicity. Depressive symptoms were associated with baseline physical endurance, β=-.28, p = .047, while pain catastrophizing was associated with baseline gross motor abilities, β=-.28, p = .032. Participation in an IOP led to significant improvement in physical endurance and high-level motor ability. Depressive symptoms and pain catastrophizing were associated with physical functioning at baseline but not post-program completion. Integration of pain psychology and physical therapy in an IOP can help address the interrelated psychological and physical factors impacting physical functioning to improve outcomes for children with chronic pain.

Research on Strengthening Fragile Paper with Polyvinylamine.

Paper documents are an important carrier of information related to human civilization, with the reinforcement and protection of fragile paper documents being a key aspect of their protection. This research utilized amphoteric polyvinylamine polymer as a paper reinforcement agent, strengthening the Xuan paper commonly used in paper documents. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), solid-state 13C NMR, and other analytical methods were employed to compare the physical properties, micro-morphology, crystallinity, and aging resistance of the paper before and after reinforcement. Research was conducted on the effects of reinforcement, the aging resistance, and the effects on the fiber structure. The results indicate that polyethylenimine has a filling and bridging effect between the paper fibers. After treatment with polyethylenimine, there was a significant improvement in the folding endurance and tensile strength of the paper. Additionally, the paper maintains a good mechanical strength even after undergoing dry heat and humid aging.

Reactive sputtering of ferroelectric AlScN films with H2 gas flow for endurance improvement

The impact of H2 gas flow in the reactive sputtering process to 60 nm-thick ferroelectric Al1−x Sc x N films is investigated with x of 0.26 (high-Sc) and 0.12 (low-Sc). Al1−x Sc x N films exhibit clear ferroelectric switching, confirming the robustness against reducing ambient. The dielectric constants (ε i) as well as the leakage current decrease, and the breakdown field (E BD) increases with H2 flow. Although the remanent polarization (P r) decreases with H2 flow, the wake-up effect is suppressed for the high-Sc film, and the fatigue effect is weakened for the low-Sc film. By probing the change in the coercive field (E c) after the switching cycle test, we anticipate oxygen impurities bonded to Sc and Al atoms are the source of wake-up and fatigue effects, respectively. As a result, a high endurance cycle of 2 × 107 times was achieved for low-Sc films with H2 flow.

Athletes' performance increasing techniques through application of aesthetics procedures

Sport performance is the way in which sport participation is measured. It has different aspects, each of which has a number of subcategories. Apart from these, there are some additional elements that are important in the training process, such as nutrition, meal time and supplements, maintaining a healthy weight, hydration, rest and recovery, satisfying body image and well-being. Aesthetician/Cosmetologist can be among the professionals who can be important for the positive outcome of the training process. Massage, sauna, and cryotherapy are some methods which can be used by athletes for recovering as quickly as possible and to be able for best performance for long periods of time. Electrotherapy can be used for the improvement of strength, speed, physical condition and maximum endurance and can increase the ability of red blood cells to deform and absorb more oxygen improving strength in high performance exercise. Electrotherapy and microcurrent have positive effects on body composition by burning fat. Additionally, depilation in sports, is recommended for a variety of reasons including body appearance, improving hydrodynamics and aerodynamics by decrease resistance, the easier putting on sports clothes, cleaning of wounds, easier massage to relax and regenerate muscles and better heat dissipation through the skin.

High Intensity Functional Training for People with Parkinson's & Their Care Partners: A Feasibility Study.

Various forms of exercise have proven health benefits for people with Parkinson's (pwPD) yet high intensity functional training (HIFT) has yet to be studied. The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility, physical and psychosocial impacts of a HIFT program for pwPD and their care partners (CPs). A single group, pre-post design with assessments before, in the middle (13weeks), and after the 25-week intervention. Community fitness facility. Fourteen pwPD (10 at Hoehn Yahr Stage ≤2, 4 females) and 10 CPs (5 females) were included (mean age = 71.5 (6.1)). A 25-week HIFT program (≤49 exercise sessions, ≤75min long). Recruitment, retention, attendance, safety and exercise intensity (measured via session-Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE)) was assessed in addition to cardiovascular endurance, lower extremity strength, walking speed, balance, exercise self-efficacy, balance confidence, social support for exercise and health-related quality of life. Descriptive data was used to describe feasibility measures. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare pre- and post-program data. Effect size, r, was calculated. Recruitment rates were ≥40% for pwPD and CPs and retention rates were 80% for pwPD and 62.5% for CPs. Average session attendance was 71.2% with 15 adverse events reported, including 7 non-injurious falls. Median session-RPE was 5 (IQR = 1) out of 10. PwPD demonstrated significant improvements in cardiovascular endurance, self-selected and fast walking speeds, balance and social support for exercise. CPs demonstrated significant improvements in cardiovascular endurance and lower extremity strength. Exercise self-efficacy, balance confidence and health-related quality of life did not significantly change for pwPD or CPs. High intensity functional training appears feasible for pwPD and their CPs and may lead to health benefits. Healthcare providers should consider HIFT as another option to engage pwPD in community-based exercise.

INOVATIVNI VYUKA FUTSALU PRO UCITELE TELESNE VYCHOVY NA ZAKLADNICH SKOLACH

The teaching of futsal in primary schools in the Czech Republic is poorly mapped and primary schools more often teach indoor football than futsal. The basis for this research was a questionnaire survey in which 31 primary school physical education teachers participated. This survey showed that 69.2 % of teachers do not conduct futsal drills, 61.5 % do not know the rules of futsal and 84 % of teachers spend a maximum of 4 hours on futsal. Therefore, this paper presents an innovative futsal teaching method for physical education teachers to discuss the basic issues and teaching methods. In order to test our assumptions about the effectiveness of innovative teaching, a research was conducted with two groups of 8th and 9th grade pupils from the Jižní Primary School in Žatec over a period of 8 weeks. 29 pupils (14.21±0.12 years of age) formed the research group and 28 (14.09±0.26 years of age) formed the control group. As part of the research, both groups underwent entry and exit tests verifying futsal skills. The research group followed a specialised futsal plan designed by us, the other group played indoor futsal once a week under the guidance of a teacher. In all tested areas, the research group showed a significant improvement in the exit tests compared to the control group. In practice, this means that students who have undergone specialized futsal training improve in all the important areas that are essential for futsal. A significant difference in the outcome tests is observed in shooting and ball handling. We have seen a big shift in the pupils’ movement skills through the beep test and thus we can observe an improvement in short term endurance. In the test of stepping on the ball for 1 min, there is a shift in the dexterity component.

Resistance Training Reduces Blood Pressure: Putative Molecular Mechanisms.

Arterial hypertension is a multifactorial clinical condition characterized by higher blood pressure levels. The main treatment for controlling high blood pressure consists of drug therapy, but the scientific literature has been pointing to the efficiency of aerobic and resistance exercises acting in a therapeutic and/or preventive way to reduce and control the blood pressure levels. Resistance training is characterized by sets and repetitions on a given muscle segment that uses overload, such as machine weights, bars, and dumbbells. As it successfully affects a number of variables associated to practitioners' functional and physiological features as well as emotional and social variables, resistance training has been a crucial part of physical exercise programs. Several reports highlight the various adaptive responses it provides, with a focus on the improvement in strength, balance, and muscular endurance that enables a more active and healthy lifestyle. Resistance training programs that are acute, sub-chronic, or chronic can help people with varying ages, conditions, and pathologies reduce their arterial hypertension. However, molecular mechanisms associated with resistance training to reduce blood pressure still need to be better understood. Thus, we aimed to understand the main effects of resistance training on blood pressure as well as the associated molecular mechanisms.

Improving the flight endurance of multi-rotor drones in windy days

Most recently, the technology of unmanned vehicles/systems (UVs/USs) has experienced substantial growth. These vehicles can operate on land, in water as well as and even through the air. They have become increasingly important in various civil applications, incorporating surveillance, precise farming, imagery collection, and search and rescue operations, surpassing manned systems in many aspects. Increased mission safety and cheaper operating expenses are provided by unmanned vehicles. UAVs, often known as unmanned aerial vehicles, are one of them that are widely utilized in construction projects because of its benefits including low costs for upkeep, simple deployment, the capacity to hover, and outstanding mobility. The most significant challenge facing the application of drones is their endurance, especially in harsh and windy weather conditions where drones consume power at a faster rate. In this paper, this work explores improvements in drone endurance through lightweight material design, battery enhancements, and path planning by studying and organizing relevant literature from various authors. These advancements aim to effectively extend the flight time of drones, thereby enabling them to successfully complete missions.