Improved Evaluation Method Research Articles

Discussion on the Teaching Reform of the Engineering Post-graduate Education

Post-graduate education is a major approach for the training of high-level personnel in China. However, compared with advanced foreign education systems, a disparity of the post-graduate student’s training quality still exists. In this paper, based on the current post-graduate eduation status, the problems exist in the engineering post-graduate education are brought forward, from the aspects of the frontier knowledge, application ability, innovation ability, and academic communication ability. The reasons of the problems in the teaching process of the engineering post-graduate courses are mainly investigated, and the major aspects related to ‘teaching’ and ‘learning’ that influence the teaching effects are discussed. It is pointed out that the dismatch between the teaching, including contents and teaching method, and learning ability of the students is the main reason of these problems. To solve them, suggestions on the teaching reforms are proposed,including: selection of teaching contents, reform of teaching method, establishement of the feedback mechanism, change of learning method, and improvement of evaluation method, etc. A closed loop strcture of the entire post-graduate teaching approach is proposed as well. This work is benefit for improving the teaching effect of the engineering post-graduate courses, and it also provides a reference for the teaching reform of the engineering post-graduate education in the new engineering background.

COMPLEX TREATMENT THE PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS AND CONCOMITANT ACTIVATED HERPES VIRUS INFECTION, TYPES 1, 2

The aim: Is to increase effectiveness and assess safety of the antiviral therapy in complex treatment of patients with psoriasis with activated chronic herpes virus infection of types 1 and 2. Matherials and methods: 120 patients and 25 practically healthy persons were examined. Results: It has been studied an effect of antiviral therapy on the background of basic therapy in patients with P+HSV 1,2: the percentage of HSV 1,2 DNA detection after the use of acyclovir and/or inosine pranobex was decreased in saliva from 22.0±3.43 % to 6.7±1.32 % (р<0.01) and in epithelium - from 33.3±4.23 % to 6.7±1.8 % (р<0.01); The use of antiviral therapy has showed a decrease in the expression of miR 155 molecules from 126.3 ±10.5 U/6 to 62.4±5.48 U/6 (р<0.05), an increase in the number of T-regulatory lymphocytes from 6.8±1.25% to 9.1±1.41% (p=0.0503); a decrease of IFN-α level in saliva from10.1±1.84 ng/ml to 8.2±1.27 ng/ml (р1=0.0398); in the serum IL-23 level was significantly decreased from14.9±2.11 pg/ml to 8.8±2.03 pg/ml (р<0.05) and TGF-β synthesis was increased from 3.9±1.23 pg/ml to 9.3±2.21 pg/ml (р<0.01). Conclusions: An improved method of treatment and evaluation of its clinical and immunological effectiveness based on an integral criterion was suggested as a result of conducted antiviral therapy amid basic therapy in patients with psoriasis with activated HSV-1 and HSV-2.

Humanitarinių ir socialinių mokslinių tyrimų vertinimo pertvarka: ENRESSH (Europos humanitarinių ir socialinių mokslų vertinimo tinklo) požiūris

This paper presents the findings of the ENRESSH network with relevance to academic and policy communities. As a recently completed COST action running between April 2016 and April 2020, ENRESSH consists of over 150 researchers and policy makers from 40 countries across Europe and beyond. Through its ongoing research and networking, ENRESSH has worked towards two goals: 1) to enhance the visibility of research in the social sciences and humanities (SSH), as well as its potential to address questions around major societal challenges and 2) to develop comprehensive evaluation methods that better fit how researchers in the SSH communicate. In response to the first goal, ENRESSH proposes that, in order to enhance the visibility of the SSH, impact assessments need to be more inclusive, in particular towards the values and practices of the SSH. This could be achieved by focusing on the interaction processes between researchers and stakeholders, by acknowledging different types of impact and impact pathways, and by improving the understanding of impact by SSH researchers. In response to the second goal of improving evaluation methods, ENRESSH recommends that (extended) peer review constitutes the basis for evaluation, given that it is more suitable to meet the specific cognitive, and often context-dependent, challenges of SSH research. While peer review may continue to be supported by quantitative measurements, these need to be aligned with the types of output and communication patterns prevalent in the SSH. Finally, in order to implement our research-based vision, the ENRESSH community advocates a closer a collaboration between SSH researchers, policy makers and societal stakeholders.

Research on the establishment and method of comprehensive benefit evaluation system for smart energy systems

The smart energy system is the new direction of the current energy development. It plays a vital role in the low-carbon development of my country’s energy industry and in promoting the transformation and upgrading of the energy sector. For the construction and long-term development of smart energy systems, this paper constructs a comprehensive benefit evaluation index system for smart energy systems that can cover all aspects based on the economic, environmental protection, and reliability of energy regulation and other target benefits, and proposes a system based on AHP -Improved evaluation method of entropy weight method, aiming at the hierarchical structure of smart energy evaluation system, adopts analytic hierarchy process and improved entropy weight method to combine subjective weight and objective weight, and scientifically, reasonably and objectively the construction level of smart energy system evaluation of.

GIS 기반 지적도와 연계한 토사유실 평가기법 개선

GIS 기반 지적도와 연계한 토사유실 평가기법 개선

Infrared Radiance Simulation and Application under Cloudy Sky Conditions Based on HIRTM

An algorithm based on hyperspectral infrared cloudy radiative transfer model (HIRTM) is introduced and a simulation method for infrared image of the generation geostationary meteorological satellite is proposed. Based on the parameters from weather research and forecast (WRF), such as the water content, atmospheric temperature, and humidity profile, the simulation data for the advanced Himawari imager (AHI) infrared radiative (IR) channels of Himawari-8 are obtained. Simulated results based on HIRTM agree well with the observed data. Further, the movement, development, and change of the cloud are well predicated. And the simulation of IR cloud image for the weather forecast has been obtained. This paper provides an improved method for evaluation and improvement of regional numerical model for weather forecast.

Dysfunctions of Russian Market of Mergers and Acquisitions: Causes, Consequences, Methods of Overcoming

The article deals with studying the institutional dysfunction of the Russian market of mergers and acquisitions. It proves that problems of functioning and quality of formal regulating institutions hinder its effective development. The contradiction of interests between the state as a subject of regulation and the state as a participant of the market resulted in forming institutional microdysfunctions connected with “double standards” of law enforcement for different types of owners, striving to obtain bureaucracy rent, intertwining functional actions of the state as a regulator and the state as a market participant. This contributed to the regular blocking of the trap effect in applying valuation norms in the antitrust law, causing impossibility to effectively prevent unfair deals and at the same time hinder fair and effective deals in the Russian market of mergers and acquisitions. To settle this problem it is required to use changes aimed at reducing asymmetric information between subjects of the Russian market of mergers and acquisitions and the state, and also blocking informal institutions which are in conflict with formal regulating institutions. Improving evaluation methods of economic analysis in the antitrust practice, expanding informal control (such as making independent expert research of future substantial deals and also analyzing performed deals) will contribute to overcoming the existing dysfunctions of the Russian market of mergers and acquisitions.

Tracing Snowmelt Paths in an Integrated Hydrological Model for Understanding Seasonal Snowmelt Contribution at Basin Scale

AbstractSnowmelt contributions to water resources in cold regions are receiving increasing attention. However, there are clear challenges to accurately distinguish the snowmelt contributions to different hydrological processes in seasonal snow regions. Here, we present an improved method to evaluate snowmelt contributions by tracing the snowmelt flow paths in different media based on a distributed geomorphology‐based ecohydrological model coupled with a physically based snow module. The calculated snowmelt contribution is not limited to river discharge but is also applicable to evaporation and soil storage. The study region, the upstream Heihe River (UHR) basin, is located in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Our results indicate that snowmelt can continuously contribute to hydrological processes throughout the year because most of the snowmelt remains in soil voids, even on snow‐free days. In UHR, the snowmelt contribution to total runoff on snow days accounts for a minor part of the total snowmelt contribution, and the snowmelt contribution on snow‐free days accounts for a major part of the total. There is notable snowmelt retention in the soil in each year, which continues to supply discharge into next year. Our results also indicate that the role of snowmelt contribution to annual discharge could be gradually weakened if rainfall more greatly increases the summer discharge in the UHR basin. The improved evaluation method will contribute to a more comprehensive assessment of snowmelt contributions to hydrological processes in seasonal snow regions.

CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY ASSESSMENT FOR REGIONAL VECTOR DATA PRODUCT BASED ON SPATIAL SAMPLING: A CASE STUDY OF JAPAN

Abstract. Spatial vector data is a kind of data that represents real spatial information through points, lines and polygons. Spatial data quality is one of the basic theoretical research in geographic information science. Accurate and reliable data quality assessment is very important for its theoretical significance and practical value. This paper proposes an improved method for the traditional classification accuracy evaluation of spatial vector data: (1) Quantitative estimation of sample size. According to the statistical principle of probability theory, the overall quantity is estimated by controlling the sampling error and the acceptance quality level. The sample quality is the unbiased estimate of the overall quality. (2) Stratification strategy: the overall objects are divided into three layers according to the three basic geometric structures -- points, lines and polygons. The difference within the layer is small and the difference between layers is large, which conforms to the basic principle of stratification. Then, the proportion of the total number of elements in each layer is taken as the weight to distribute layer by layer, and the sample size of each layer is obtained. (3) Allocation of samples. The spatial property of spatial sampling is mainly reflected in the allocation of samples. Considering the spatial correlation of elements in same layer, Local Moran's I index was used to calculate the correlation degree of a certain attribute between each spatial element and its neighbouring elements. After cluster analysis of elements in each layer, samples were screened by setting a reasonable threshold value. (4) Sample inspection. Each sample was examined against reference information, including images and data. The classification of each sample is judged by the principle of majority judgment. (5) Classification accuracy assessment. The classification accuracy information of samples was obtained by making the confusion matrix of the classification result of samples and the real results. The classification accuracy of experimental data is evaluated according to Kappa index. A case study of Global Core Vector Data of Japan shows the improved method in this paper and process of classification accuracy assessment for regional spatial vector data product. Global Core Vector Data are organized according to the country or region, including three categories of transportation, river system, place names, which are divided into 8 middle categories and 52 small categories. In this paper, 1405 samples of Global Core Vector Data in the experimental area of Japan are selected by spatial stratified sampling in 3 strata. The experimental results show that the proposed improved method is applicable to classification accuracy assessment of regional spatial vector data product and overcomes the disadvantages of type-based spatial stratified sampling that relies on the classification information of all elements. The Kappa coefficient is 0.831, which reflects the result of classification accuracy assessment in the experimental area is good. The proposed improved method provides a reference for the method of classification accuracy assessment classification of following global spatial vector data product.

Methodological approaches to the comparative assessment of commercial banks

In the article the basic methodological aspects and the results of approbation of alternative methods of complex comparative evaluation of reliability level of commercial banks are considered through the example of subjects of the banking sector in the Vologda region. On the one hand, the reliability of a commercial bank is the key criterion of soundness of banking system in general, and on the other, the foundation for a bank formation today and its prosperity in future. Consequently, in the current ambiguous financial conditions characterized by tough competition between credit-financial institutions a question of study and improvement of evaluation methods of the reliability of a commercial bank rises. . Study purpose: The purpose of this study is the introduction of the basic methodological aspects and the results of approbation of alternative methods of complex comparative evaluation of a reliability level of commercial banks through the example of subjects of the banking sector in the Vologda region. Materials and methods: the study was carried out based on building of the mathematical model, consisting of financial indexes, to each of which a relative share was assigned by expertise, and the following rating; multidimensional complex comparative evaluation; cluster allocation. The starting data for these studies was the 30 credit organizations reference book published in the official website of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation. Results: According to the received results the different approaches to making ratings of credit organizations used by us gave similar outcomes. This fact indicated the high degree of adequateness of the methods. For the objective evaluation we suggested and tested different methodological approaches to making ratings according to such qualitative characteristic of a commercial bank as reliability. In our study we used: the mathematical model consisting of financial indexes to each of which a relative share was assigned by expertise, and the following rating; multidimensional complex comparative evaluation; cluster allocation. That allowed, firstly, doing comparative evaluation of reliability while making rating, secondly, ranging banks by different problem blocks, thirdly, classifying the objects of the study according to their financial characteristics, fourthly, defining the main factors influencing the ranging of banks. The received results of methods approbation are the additional information to the ratings published by the leading rating agencies and the Bank of Russia which allows reasonably making decisions by choosing the best possible reliable credit organization. Conclusion: According to the studies the sizes of a commercial bank not always prove its stability, liquidity and operating efficiency. Analyzing the ratings of credit organizations by an absolute index we came to the conclusion that it was not enough to take into consideration only the volumes of activity of an organization though it is of no small importance. Therefore, in order to receive a realistic rating it is necessary to use different methods which will complement one another and give more definite result of a set task.

Research on the Predicament and Countermeasures of College Students’ Humanistic Education from the Perspective of “New Engineering”

New Engineering is relative to traditional engineering. One of the important objectives of New Engineering construction is to cultivate high-quality engineering talents with both morality and ability, so as to provide intellectual support for China’s industrial development and international competition. We should strengthen the humanistic education of undergraduate engineering talents under the background of New Engineering. At present, there are some problems in humanistic education of Engineering students, such as ideology, curriculum design, teachers’ humanistic accomplishment, classroom teaching methods and traditional cultural accomplishment. Therefore, under the background of New Engineering, we should rebuild educational concept, optimize curriculum, improve teachers’ quality, improve evaluation methods, and strengthen excellent traditional culture education for engineering students.

Reconsidering Counting Articles in Ranked Venues (CARV) as the Appropriate Evaluation Criteria for the Advancement of Democratic Discourse in the IS Field

For a research field to advance, scholars must be able to openly exchange ideas. For this open exchange to exist, the contexts and methods that evaluate scholarly output must encourage this interchange. We argue that the current process for evaluating scholarly output, “counting articles in ranked venues” (CARV), creates pressures that result in a distorted discourse inhibiting the growth of the field. We review the current system of evaluating scholarly output and describe its virtues and shortcomings. Then, based on works by Habermas (1984) and Mingers and Walsham (2010), we suggest that the IS field should adopt an improved method of evaluation that enhances the openness of ideas. This method should be objective, reproducible, relatively easy to compute, and standardized. The new method should also produce easy-to-compute profiles of measures that assess a construct for scholarly output founded on a well-defined theory. It should also reduce the dependence on publishing in any particular journal. The scholarly capital model (SCM) represents one such method. We believe that wide adoption of the SCM would open the discourse and help the field to develop more rapidly.

An Graph-Based Adaptive Method for Fast Detection of Transformed Data Leakage in IOT Via WSN

As statistics show that most threats to information security in Internet of Things (IOT) are caused by data leakage, lots of methods have been developed to address the problem of data leakage prevention (DLP). However, most of these methods do not work well when the confidentiality of data changes frequently. We propose an Adaptive Feature Graph Update model (AFGU) to solve the problem by mapping the features of confidential data to the feature graph. First, the feature graph are built to record the features of confidential data which involve the sensitive terms and their context. Then, the improved evaluation method for the importance of each term is employed to update the feature graph according to the importance degree of each term. Finally, the confidentiality of data are determined by matching the features of the data with the feature graph. Experiments results show that the proposed method can detect confidential data effectively and efficiently.

Study on the Improved Evaluation Method of Primary Frequency Modulation for Grid-connected Units

The primary frequency modulation function of generating units is an important means to maintain the frequency stability of the power grid. The reasonable assessment criteria help to regulate the primary frequency modulation performance of generating units and enhance the enthusiasm of units to participate in frequency modulation auxiliary services. On the basis of mastering primary frequency modulation principle, the response characteristics of the electro-hydraulic governor and the turbine under frequency excursion are analysed in detail. Aiming at the shortcoming of the current primary frequency modulation evaluation standard, an integral electricity algorithm with different weights added according to the contribution of primary frequency modulation is proposed. Finally, based on the concrete example, the correctness and rationality of the improved method are verified.

Improvement of the evaluation of inkjet printed silver based layers’ adhesion

This paper presents the improved method of analysis and evaluation of the silver layers’ adhesion printed by inkjet printing technology. The generally known method for adhesion measurement of layers and coatings according to the standards ASTM D3359 and ISO 2409 has been improved by development of the automatic evaluation software of achieved results from cross cut tests. The developed evaluation tool offers the possibilities of calculation the detached area, rotation of the image, setting the threshold and the automatic classification according to the mentioned standards. The inaccuracy caused by samples’ assessment by humans is mainly eliminated by using of this tool. The developed evaluation tool has been applied to experimental works oriented to analysis of the adhesion of two commercially available silver based nano-inks on two polymeric based substrates (PI and PET). For this purpose, different sintering conditions have been applied to analysed samples. The achieved results show the differences between the investigated nano-inks’ adhesion on two types of polymeric substrates. The adhesion of silver layers can be optimized by controlling the sintering conditions. By developing the software tool the simple and inaccurate method of adhesion analysis has been upgraded to the appropriate technique to the silver layers’ adhesion testing. The improved method for adhesion measurements can serve as a tool for fast and relatively simple technique for technologist.

An improved evaluation method for the brittleness index of shale and its application — A case study from the southern north China basin

The brittleness index (BI) is an important indicator used to characterize the brittleness and fracability of shale reservoirs. The BI calculation methods based on the brittle mineral and mechanical parameters content of shale are widely used, but there are still some limitations, such as the separation of minerals and mechanics, the inconsistent viewpoints regarding brittle minerals of different scholars, and the equivalent treatments of the brittleness of each mineral. By taking the Permian Shanxi and Taiyuan Formation in the Southern North China Basin (SNCB) as an example, this paper improved the BI calculation method, then examined and applied it. The results show that the weight coefficients of brittleness contributions of various minerals are different because of their marked differences in mechanical properties. By multiplying and summing the mineral contents and their weight coefficients, an improved evaluation method for a shale's BI is proposed. The new BI has more reasonable physical significance and avoids the equivalent treatment of various minerals on the rock brittleness. Applications indicate that when compared with the original mineral BI, most of the new BI decrease, which reduces the artificial optimization of the shale brittleness. The new BI of limestone reduces significantly, which reveals that the brittleness and fracability of limestone should be less than those of shale and sandstone. The roof and floor limestone of shale will prevent induced fractures from propagating across the interfaces between the limestone and shale, and can thus be used as an effective barrier bedding to help the fracturing and formation of the complex fractures in shale sections. The improved BI method is able to evaluate shale brittleness and selecting a favorable fracturing shale section more accurately.

A structured and hierarchical safe climate model and its application to safe communities

This study aims to examine the question of community management in China. Particular attention will be paid to the concept of community safety climate, including its meaning, the factors that influence it, and the research methods that have been used. This study has conducted a community injury and accident case analysis. It has also conducted an expert and on-site questionnaire survey. The results show that there are ten principal components of community safety climate. A new questionnaire that was targeted at community safety climate measurement was designed and developed. Five key factors of community safety climate were extracted by Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Principal Components Analysis (PCA). The key factors consisted of community staff safety awareness, community participation, level of management committed to the security, community security implementation, and community security training. A safe community climate model was made based on safety management, organisational behaviour theory, and statistical theory. The model was successfully used to quantitatively explain the relationship between the factor structure and factor combination. The factor structure and factor combination can be used to objectively analyse and explain the basic process of the current security management and community safety climate. The mechanism of community safety climate was displayed to find an improved evaluation method. It was found to be practicable to conduct a verification of safety climate evaluation as the basic theoretical and technological route for community accident prevention.

An improved method for long-term stability evaluation of strip mining and pillar design

Underground coal mining is characterized by the formation of extensive pillars. Coal pillars serve various purposes, and their instability failure characteristics play a vital role in safety mining. Considerable studies have been conducted over the last few decades on pillar instability and failure analyses. It was concluded that pillar failure for system instability is governed by both the strength of the pillars and the load acting on the pillars. There are several methodologies to evaluate pillar failure for instability; however, each method has its own applicable conditions, and none of them are applicable to all circumstances. This study focuses on methodologies (theoretical models, numerical simulations, and field measurements) for estimating pillar system loads and strengths. In the theoretical model, pillar failure criteria are significant factors for calculating coal pillar strength, and the primary factors for instability evaluation are noted. The general steps of the numerical simulation methods are summarized and analyzed. The finite element method is the most widely used method, whereas the discrete element method has become popular in recent years. Pillar stress, deformation, and fracture development are the main concerns when assessing pillar failure characteristics in field measurements. Finally, we list primary study interests (pillar failure analysis in abandoned and deep coal mines) on coal pillar failure analysis in future studies based on the development of underground coal mining.

广西北部湾沿岸地区生态系统服务价值变化及其驱动力

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 广西北部湾沿岸地区生态系统服务价值变化及其驱动力 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201704050578 作者: 作者单位: 中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院;桂林理工大学旅游学院,中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家林业公益性行业科研专项（201404316）；林业科技创新平台运行补助项目（2016-LYPT-DW-069）；国家旅游局旅游业青年专家培养计划（TYETP201548） Evolution and driving force analysis of ecosystem service values in Guangxi Beibu Gulf coastal areas, China Author: Affiliation: Central South University of Forestry and Technology, School of Life Science and technology,Changsha; Guilin University of Technology,School of Tourism,Guilin,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,School of Life Science and technology, Changsha Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:掌握生态系统结构及其功能的时空变化规律是开展科学生态系统管理的重要前提，如何衡量人类在满足自我需求的同时对自然资源和生态系统的改变程度是当前研究值得关注的一个问题。伴随北部湾经济区的崛起，区域经济发展与生态保护的矛盾日益凸显，海水倒灌、植被退化和土地沙化等现象加剧，生态系统服务可持续供给受到严重威胁。以时序遥感数据为基础，分析北部湾沿岸地区生态系统时空演变，评估生态系统服务价值时空变化规律及其驱动因素，为区域生态系统管理提供科学基础。研究显示：1999-2014年，城市点状、离散扩张使城市生态系统面积显著增加，破碎化程度加剧；环境恶化给湿地生态系统带来毁灭性的破坏，红树林不断消失，破碎度增加；林地和果园构成的森林生态系统面积有所增加，而耕地面积急剧缩减。生态系统构成中，森林生态系统服务价值最高，约占研究区总价值的50%，且呈增长趋势；生态系统服务构成中，除食物生产、气体调节和维持养分循环价值有所减少外，其他类型生态系统服务价值均呈增长趋势。驱动力分析表明，综合城镇化率是影响北部湾沿岸地区生态系统服务价值变化的重要驱动因素，说明区域生态系统服务与社会经济发展极为相关，合理调控经济结构可有效提升区域生态系统服务价值。 Abstract:With the economic development of the Beibu Gulf economic zone, environmental problems, such as seawater intrusion, vegetation degradation, and desertification in the coastal areas have become more important and pose a serious threat to regional ecological security. The low ecosystem services value has become one of the key factors restricting the rapid economic development of the Beibu Gulf area. Evaluating the ecosystem service value of the Beibu Gulf coastal areas, demonstrating its evolution characteristics, and analyzing the main driving factors are of great significance when attempting to promote the ecological construction and sustainable development of this area. Landsat remote sensing images in 1999, 2006, and 2014 of the study area were the main data source. First, we used the supervised classification and thematic mapping approach to interpret the remote sensing images and obtain the land use/cover distribution maps. Then we analyzed the land use/cover dynamics and the landscape pattern evolution characteristics. We used the improved evaluation method for ecosystem service value based on per unit area to calculate the ecosystem service values in the study area for the three periods. We also analyzed the value changes and the spatio-temporal characteristics for each ecosystem service in every county. Finally, the driving mechanism behind the ecosystem evolution in the Beibu Gulf coastal areas was studied by combining population factors, economic factors, and tourism factors. The land use/cover changes showed that the scattered urban expansion caused the built-up land to increase dramatically and its fragmentation became more serious between 1999 and 2014. The destruction of the ecological environment damaged the mangrove forest. However, this damaged patch has disappeared and the degree of fragmentation has improved. The forestland and orchard areas increased between 1999 and 2006, but then decreased from 2006 to 2014, while the area of cultivated land decreased sharply between 1999 and 2014. The results of the ecosystem services assessment showed that the total value of the ecosystem services in the Beibu Gulf coastal areas increased over the whole study period, and reached about 54 million in 2014. The total value of the ecosystem services provided by the forest ecosystem was the highest, and accounted for 50% of the total value of the study area. In addition, 11 ecosystem service values were analyzed. The food production, gas regulation, and nutrient cycling service values decreased from 1999 to 2014, but other ecosystem service types showed an increasing trend. The results of driving mechanism analysis showed that the comprehensive urbanization rate (%) was an important driving factor behind the changes to the ecosystem service values in the Beibu Gulf coastal areas. However, the comprehensive urbanization rate in our study, which is equal to the proportion of the urban population to the total population, is a population structure index. Therefore, the regression models and comprehensive urbanization could reflect the regional economic structure, and that ecosystem services are closely related to social and economic development. This means that the reasonable regulation of economic structure can effectively enhance the value of regional ecosystem services. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

PLL Performance Evaluation Considering Power System Dynamics for Grid Connection of Renewable Power Generation

Successful vector control for grid connection of renewable power generation relies on accurate and fast tracking of the voltage phase at the point of common coupling using a phase-locked loop (PLL). In this study, we propose a method to evaluate the effect of power system dynamics on the PLL performance. Simulation results demonstrate that the PLL performance is considerably affected by the power system dynamics, which is not observable under conventional test conditions considering a PLL connected to a three-phase voltage source. Therefore, we proposed an improved evaluation method considering the same source but integrating the system dynamics during evaluation. We expect that the proposed method will assist in the design of PLLs to improve the phase tracking of the voltage at the point of common coupling.