Improve Voltage Level Research Articles

An approach for voltage drop improvement in 22 kV PEA distribution system based on high voltage capacitor placement

The distribution system has been constantly expanded with rising load demand due to population and economic growth. The result is a distribution line facing a voltage drop issue voltage drop, which results from increasing interconnected load and the distance from the substation. To mitigate this issue, this paper proposed an approach to improve the voltage level on the distribution line using a high-voltage capacitor bank. The system under study is modeled after the Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) 22-kV distribution line. The placement of the high voltage capacitor bank will be based on the 2/3 rule technique. The PSCAD/EMTDC has been used to simulate the characteristics of the case study distribution system and evaluate the performance of the proposed technique in comparison with the PEA voltage regulation standard. The result has demonstrated the ability to use the proposed high voltage capacitor bank placement technique to improve voltage levels in the distribution system.

Optimal Reactive Power Dispatch in Electric Transmission Systems Using the Multi-Agent Model with Volt-VAR Control

The optimal dispatch of reactive power is a fundamental task in the operational planning of electrical power systems. This task aims to minimize active power losses and improve voltage levels within the electrical power system. This paper presents the application of the particle swarm optimization methodology to achieve optimal reactive power dispatch. The methodology’s performance is demonstrated by its high processing speed and the results obtained through a comprehensive global search for reactive power dispatch. Additionally, experimental results confirm the algorithm’s effectiveness in optimizing the objective function across different case studies, highlighting its ability to achieve optimal reactive power dispatch. This study represents a significant advancement in the field of power system optimization and provides a useful tool for managing and controlling these systems.

Impact Optimal DG Placement Against Harmonic Distribution on Reconfiguration Distribution Network on Microgrid System

Increases in harmonic distortion in Radial Distribution System (RDS) will result in additional shorter insulation lifetime, higher temperature and also malfunction. These are undesirable as they cause power losses and also affect the voltage profile. In this paper the harmonic analysis is carried effect and performance placement Distributed Generation (DG) after reconfiguration distribution network in active radial distribution system or microgrid concept. The optimal size of DG is determining using K-Means Clustering method and Load Curtailment method to designing distribution network reconfiguration after restoration. The load flow analysis and harmonic flow analysis is carried out with direct approach using BIBC and BCBV matrices. The proposed method is carried out on IEEE 33 bus system having the harmonic sources injected as current sources using MATLAB and ETAP software. The result show DG placement on 4 bus points using K-Means Clustering can improve voltage levels and reduce harmonic dispersion. After restoration and reconfiguration of the system, the harmonic spread is strongly influenced by the current flowing on the bus and the location of the source harmonics on the system.

Perbaikan Level Tegangan dan Reduksi Rugi-Rugi Sistem Transmisi Sulbagsel Berbasis Ant Colony Optimization

Abstract—The Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) method is used to determine the location and optimal amount of bank capacitors in the South Sulawesi electric power system (Sulbagsel). The purpose of employing ACO is to determine the ability of ACO as one method for optimization to improve voltage levels and reduce power losses in the electric power system. There are 5 scenarios carried out in this study, scenario 4 and scenario 5 are scenarios for applying the ACO method, the results of these two scenarios are the increase in voltage on the bus and the reduction of power losses in the Sulbagsel system.

Heuristic Optimization of EV Charging Schedule Considering Battery Degradation Cost

It is expected that electric vehicles (EVs) will be important part of smart gird, not only in form of load but also as distributed energy source in Vehicle to Grid (V2G) system. As increase of EVs integration, V2G contributes to improve flexibility, reliability and stability of grid by providing ancillary services. These services, however, could accelerate degradation of battery whose price is almost half of EV. Thus, battery degradation cost must be considered while scheduling of EV charging. In this paper, a battery degradation cost model of EV lithium-ion batteries was incorporated in the optimal charging schedule of 400 EVs. EVs are located to 33 bus system in order to consider network losses in calculations. Heuristic algorithms such as Genetic Algorithm (GA), Differential Evolution (DE), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) are used for solving the associated optimization problem. The objective function aims to maximize user profit under dynamic pricing. Also, distribution system and EVs constraints are considered during optimization. The numerical results illustrate that each of the used heuristic algorithms able to mitigate peak loads and improve voltage levels. GA presents the most profitable charging scheduling in terms of EV owners.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.eie.24.6.22283

ON THE SIMULATION OF MODES ОF ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS WITH FACTS

Power flow control is an important task of development of electric power systems. It is necessary to reduce the power loss, improve the reliability and quality of power supply and increase the power transmission. Currently, on the basis of modern power electronics effective FАСТS devices for flexible control of power system operation modes have been developed. FАСТS devices are able to simultaneously influence the voltage, the reactance, the angle between the voltages. As it is known, the calculations of the established modes of electric systems are the most frequently performed tasks at all the territorial and time levels of control and planning operations. These calculations are significant by themselves, being also an integral part of software systems of calculation of losses of power and energy in electrical networks, calculation of optimal modes and also sustainability. The need for multiple mode calculation imposes high requirements to the methods of calculation of the established modes in real time in terms of performance and reliability of the results of the solution being obtained under operating conditions of electric power systems. In traditional calculations of the established modes of electrical networks, shunt reactors, current-limiting reactors, capacitor banks, longitudinal compensation devices were accounted in the simulation as passive elements. In regard with the introduction of FACTS devices in power systems, there is an arising need to develop appropriate algorithms and implement them in the form of software for analyzing and controlling the established modes of power systems. The methodology and software for calculation of the established modes of electric networks with consideration of FACTS devices have been developed. The software makes it possible to obtain practically acceptable solutions in three outer iterations. Based on the results of numerical simulation of modes of the power system of the “Azerenergy” JSC it was determined that the application of FACTS devices can significantly increase the transmission line active power, improve voltage levels and reduce losses of active power. The dependences of flows and power losses on the control parameter of FACTS devices have been derived.

Development and Implementation of a Microcontroller based Remote Control of a Single Phase Induction Motor Using Radio Frequency

Development and Implementation of a Microcontroller based Remote Control of a Single Phase Induction Motor Using Radio Frequency

Utilization of Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) and Under Voltage Load Shedding (UVLS) Schemes in Improving Voltage Level at Injection Substations

Utilization of Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) and Under Voltage Load Shedding (UVLS) Schemes in Improving Voltage Level at Injection Substations

Transmission expansion planning systems using algorithm genetic with multi-objective criterion

In this paper the problem of planning the expansion of the transmission network (PERT) by means of a genetic algorithm on principles of multi-objective optimization (AGM) resolved. The proposed model uses an appropriate coding to optimize the PERT. In addition, appropriate genetic operators developed for efficient search space of feasible solutions. The model solves simultaneously: Minimize investment costs PERT, improve voltage levels at nodes and minimize losses on the lines of the transmission system. The AGM is tested in the system Garver 6 nodes and 24 nodes system IEEE_RTS achieving the best solutions.

More Efficient Voltage Generation for Thermoelectrics Using Discontinuous Heating

A more efficient technique used to improve voltage levels generated from the thermoelectrics is proposed in this paper. The technique used is by applying discontinuous heating rather than continuous heating as does in conventional way. The experimental test-rig used to verify the proposed technique for both cases of the device with and without the heatsink. The test results shown that the proposed technique could provide more efficient voltage generation by increasing voltage levels approximately by 82.1-114.5% for the cases of no heatsink and 32.8-57.9% for the cases of with heatsink.

Sistema experto para regular tensión en redes de distribución

Este artículo presenta una aplicación basada en la experiencia operativa de 22 años para regular tensión en el Sistema de Distribución de la Empresa de energía del Pacífico (EPSA). Por lo tanto, se presenta un Sistema Experto (SE) basado en reglas heurísticas que utilizan los operadores y que han sido probadas experimentalmente. Las maniobras ejecutadas restablecen los niveles de tensión en el 95 % de los nodos, no sobrepasan los límites térmicos de los diferentes elementos del sistema, ni los limites operativos de seguridad del sistema. Este SE desarrollado en MATLAB utilizó 8 reglas heurísticas para identificar el tipo de problema de regulación y para definir los recursos que compensaran los reactivos para mejorar los niveles de tensión. La validación se realizó sobre el modelo del SEP implementado en el software Digsilent. El aporte de este trabajo es que se integra en la solución, criterios de regulación considerando la operación conjunta del sistema de transmisión y distribución, lo cual es más cercano a la realidad.

Comparative Study of the Methods to Increase AC Transmission Lines Capacity

There are some traditional methods to increase AC transmission lines capacity, such as: improve voltage level, increase wire cross section area, use compact transmission line, add FACTS equipment and improve the temperature of the wire. A new method with converting ac line to dc line to increase the power capacity of AC transmission lines was put out in recent years. The fundamental principal and working characteristics of the method mentioned above are described in this paper together with the comparative analysis based on the existing experimental results and real data on technical level and economic level.

Optimal plug-in hybrid electric vehicles recharge in distribution power systems

Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles are new alternatives that meet the efforts to develop more sustainable means of transportation and decreasing oil dependence. However, this trend could bring negative consequences to electric power systems, such as limits violations, power losses increasing, harmonics, and thermal limits violation on distribution transformers and conductors. To cope with some of those problems, this paper proposes a recharging process with the help of Artificial Immune Systems, so the voltage level in all buses is kept within the operational limits and no overload is observed. For this sake, besides distributing the load along the recharging period, capacitors installation to decrease electric losses and improve voltage levels during vehicles recharging is also considered. The results obtained render the proposed methodology as effective. Two IEEE sample systems are used to test the idea, so the results may be reproduced for research purposes.

The Quality Analysis of Electric Energy after Wind Power Grid Integration

The electric energy quality problems caused by the running of wind power grid integration such as flicker and harmonic wave are increasingly prominent with the increase of the proportion of wind power. This paper describes the impact of the wind turbine connected to the power grid on the electric energy quality and conducts a trial test and proposes measures to improve the quality of electric energy such as improving the grid structure, improving voltage level of wind farm access system and the application of dynamic reactive compensation to the SVC and so on.

A multi-objective simulated annealing approach to reactive power compensation

Reactive power compensation is an important problem in electrical distribution systems, involving the sizing and location of capacitors (sources of reactive power). The installation of capacitors also contributes to releasing system capacity and improving voltage level. A multi-objective simulated annealing approach to provide decision support in this problem is presented. This approach is able to compute a set of well-distributed and diversified solutions underlying distinct trade-offs, even for a challenging network. The characterization of the non-dominated front is relevant information for aiding planning engineers to select satisfactory compromise solutions (compensation schemes) to improve the network operation conditions.

A hybrid method of chaotic particle swarm optimization and linear interior for reactive power optimisation

The reactive power optimization is an effective method to improve voltage level, decrease network losses and maintain the power system running under normal conditions. This paper provides a method combining particle swarm optimization (PSO) with linear interior point to handle the problems remaining in the traditional arithmetic of time-consuming convergence and demanding initial values. Furthermore, since chaotic mapping enjoys certainty, ergodicity and stochastic property, the paper introduces chaos mapping into the particle swarm optimization, the paper presents a new arithmetic based on a hybrid method of chaotic particle swarm optimization and linear interior point. Thanks to the superior overall exploration ability of particle swarm optimization and the local exploration ability of linear interior point within the neighborhood of the optimal point, the new method can improve the performance of both convergence and results' precision. Tested by IEEE-30, the new method provided in this paper is proved effective and practical in the optimization of shunt capacitors and tap position of load-ratio voltage transformer.

Optimal Control of Voltage and Reactive Power of Power System

In this paper, from the view point of economy and security of a power system, a synthetic mathematical model is presented for minimizing system losses and improving voltage level. At the same time, it is taken into account that when the reactive power is insufficient or it is hard to operate the system normally, the system will be supplied with the minimal amount of necessary reactive support at the weakest points in order to ameliorate reactive allocation and convergency of the system. The algorithm available for optimal control of voltage and reactive power of power system is presented. The original problem is divided into Q-v, Q-k, and Q-q three subproblems. By means of two optimization procedures, the problem can be solved. The method employs nonlinear programming. The results show that the algorithm is efficient.

‘Optimiser’: a microcomputer-based current controller to improve voltage levels in rural locations

The paper describes the application of a microcomputer to improve voltage levels and motor starting performance in rural locations by controlling power consumption according to some predetermined stategy. Results obtained with a prototype installation are given and the direction being taken in present and future work is described.