Impregnation Of Layer Research Articles

Impregnated layer solution combustion synthesized CaO-based composite pellets with enhanced CO2 sorption property

The impregnated layer solution combustion synthesis (SCS) technique was employed to synthesize CaO-based sorbents supported by inert stabilizers so as to improve the cyclic CO2 uptake stability. Four different inert stabilizers were evaluated for their impact on the cyclic CO2 uptake stability of sorbents. It found that the Mg-based inert stabilizer significantly outperforms the other three in improving cyclic CO2 sorption capabilities of sorbents synthesized by the impregnated layer SCS method. Moreover, MgO-supported sorbent pellets were prepared via graphite hydrophobic layer-assisted casting, with the magnesia load within the pellets being regulated between 15 and 45 wt %. It is the addition of MgO stabilizer that significantly improves the performance of CaO-based sorbents, with the improvements being notably more pronounced at higher MgO loads. The calcium-based sorbent pellets containing 45 wt % MgO show extremely stable CO2 sorption performance; after 17 cycles, the carbonation conversion rate is 73.6%, about three times the rate of pellets without MgO loading. The uniform dispersion of MgO inert stabilizer inside pellets improves high-temperature sintering resistance and, concurrently, enhances the mechanical property. Furthermore, the use of waste cigarette butts as impregnated layer templates, rather than other organic additives, will significantly reduce the cost of synthesizing MgO-supported CaO-based sorbents.Graphical

UV/thermal dual-cured MWCNTs composites for pipeline rehabilitation: Mechanical properties and damage analysis

Deformation and damage in underground pipelines remain challenging to monitor over the long term due to sensor degradation caused by corrosive substances present in the pipelines. This study investigates the potential of incorporating multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into ultraviolet-cured-in-place pipe (UV-CIPP) material, a widely adopted trenchless repair technique, to enhance performance and enable deformation monitoring. A UV/thermal dual-curing strategy is introduced to mitigate the significant reduction in light transmittance caused by the inclusion of MWCNTs in the composite material. The addition of MWCNTs led to a 94.86 % reduction in light transmittance through glass fibers. However, this issue was effectively resolved through the incorporation of thermal curing, allowing for the production of ultra-high-strength composites using only three layers of fibers within a short curing time. Under optimal conditions (0.2 wt% MWCNTs with the impregnation layer on top), the flexural strength and modulus reached 442.75 MPa and 15.58 GPa, respectively, marking improvements of 14.01 % and 45.2 % over the base material. Additionally, the hardness on the composite's backside increased by 10.95 % compared to the front, indicating enhanced reinforcement. The tensile strength of braided glass fibers improved by 42.31 % and 197.54 % with the addition of 0.2 wt% and 1.0 wt% MWCNTs, respectively. Failure modes varied based on the location of the sensing layer, but all specimens eventually failed due to resin cracking, delamination of the MWCNTs-impregnated layer, and fiber fractures. The UV/thermal dual-cured composite material developed for pipeline rehabilitation in this study exhibits ultra-high strength and shows significant potential for multifunctional sensing applications.

Correlated x-ray fluorescence and ptychographic nano-tomography on Rembrandt’s The Night Watch reveals unknown lead “layer”

The Night Watch , one of the most famous masterpieces by Rembrandt, is the subject of a large research and conservation project. For the conservation treatment, it is of great importance to understand its current condition. Correlated nano-tomography using x-ray fluorescence and ptychography revealed a—so far unknown—lead-containing “layer”, which likely acts as a protective impregnation layer applied on the canvas before the quartz-clay ground was applied. This layer might explain the presence of lead soap protrusions in areas where no other lead components are present. In addition to the three-dimensional elemental mapping, ptychography visualizes and quantifies components not detectable by hard x-ray fluorescence such as the organic fraction and quartz. The first-time use of this combination of synchrotron-based techniques on a historic paint micro-sample shows it to be an important tool to better interpret the results of noninvasive imaging techniques operating on the macroscale.

Comparative investigation on CO2 uptake performance of limestone-derived sorbents with different supports synthesized by impregnated layer solution combustion method

Calcium looping is an effective post-combustion technology for CO2 separation from flue gas due to its low-cost and highly accessible sorbent raw material (i.e., limestone). However, limestone easily occurs serious sintering during multiple high-temperature carbonation/calcination cycles. Here, three types of modification mode, including acetic acid acidification, wet and dry solution-impregnated cigarette butts-assisted combustion methods, were adopted to enhance the cyclic stability of limestone. The impregnated layer solution combustion mode is superior to acid acidification, which is mainly ascribed to the heat released from the combustion of cigarette butt playing the role of thermal pretreatment, thereby stabilizing the pore structure of limestone-derived sorbents. Incorporating different inert supports can further enhance the cyclic stability of limestone-derived sorbents synthesized by wet solution-impregnated cigarette butts-assisted combustion. The effectiveness of several inert supports in improving the cyclic stability of limestone-derived adsorbents is listed as follows: CaZrO3 > MgO > Ca12Al14O33 > CaMn2O4. Moreover, the loading content of CaZrO3 within limestone-derived sorbents was further optimized, and it was found that 10 wt% of CaZrO3 sufficiently provides stable framework to inhibit high-temperature sintering (∼0.525 g-CO2/g-sorbent after 20 cycles). The uniformly dispersed CaZrO3 support at the nanocrystalline scale effectively inhibiting sintering is responsible for the excellent cyclic CO2 capture capability of CaZrO3-supported sorbents.

Engineering of electrodes with 2D Ti3C2Tx-MXene sheets and chloride salt for robust and flexible high electrical power triboelectric nanogenerator

This article focuses on the development of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) by utilizing advanced 2D nanomaterials with innovative design and easy fabrication method to achieve durable TENG with high-power density and improved cycling performance. Herein, we fabricated a layer-by-layer stacked vertical contact-separation (CS) mode TENG. In this unique design, we incorporated a thin film of micron-sized Ti3C2Tx-MXene ultrathin sheets (TMSs) into a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) based tribo-negative electrode. A tribo-positive layer was prepared by integrating an optimized amount of NaCl into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) matrix. After optimization of both triboelectric layers, the optimized TMS-TENG showed an open-circuit voltage (Voc) ∼ 390 V, short-circuit current (Isc) ∼ 96 μA, and power density of 6.66 W·m−2. The boosted performance is due to the synergistic effect of TMSs, used as a charge trapping layer on the electronegative side, and the impact of an NaCl:PVA impregnated layer on the electropositive side of the TENG. The ultrathin-layered structures of sandwiched TMS film serve bifunctionally as a charge accumulation and charge trapping entity simultaneously, increasing the charge separation due to high dielectric constant, and thus increasing the overall output power of the fabricated TENG. The prepared TMS-TENG was tested as a pressure sensor to monitor different sensitive physiological movements of the human body. Further applications of the designed TMS-TENGs have been revealed by powering more than 500 LEDs, an electronic calulator, and swiftly charging micro-capacitors by utilizing direct output power. By engineering electrodes, we can gain insight into the specific role that TMSs play in enhancing the performance of TENGs. This research provides a new avenue for designing self-powered pressure/motion sensors in robotics and harvesting biomechanical energy as electrical energy for sustainable electronics.

Strengthening performance of Al-stabilized, CaO-based CO2 sorbent pellets by the combination of impregnated layer solution combustion and graphite-moulding

Calcium looping (CaL) process is recognized as one of the most promising CO2 capture technologies. However, the CaO-based sorbents commonly encounter serious sintering and elutriation problem during CO2 capture cycles. In this work, Al-stabilized, CaO-based sorbents were synthesized by the impregnated layer solution combustion method, and cigarette butt was selected as the porous reactive skeleton. The Al-stabilized, CaO-based sorbent containing 15 wt% of Al2O3 exhibits the highly stable CO2 capture performance, whose CO2 capture capacity after 20 cycles is almost the same as its initial capacity, ∼0.354 g/g. It is mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of thermal pretreatment (cigarette butt-assisted combustion) and incorporation of Al-based stabilizer (i.e., Ca12Al14O33) provide a stable inert framework for the synthetic sorbents, ensuring their highly stable capability for CO2 sorption during cycles. Further, graphite-moulding is a facile and energy-saving approach to make Al-stabilized, CaO-based sorbent powders into pellets to enhance its resistance to elutriation. The produced sorbent pellets (85 wt% CaO/15 wt% Al2O3) exhibit excellent long-term CO2 capture capacity (∼0.248 g/g after 49 cycles) and high compression strength of 18.47 ± 3.47 MPa. Therefore, the combined method involved of impregnated layer solution combustion and graphite-moulding is promising to produce highly efficient CaO-based CO2 sorbent pellets used in CaL.

Results of production tests of an experimental diamond crown during exploratory drilling in Kazakhstan

The work is devoted to the results of production tests of a multilayer diamond crown with a comb profile of all impregnated layers separated by diamond-free layers of lower hardness. A distinctive feature of the crown is the placement of diamond-containing layers on a three-way screw surface with a small step. This makes it possible to involve in the process of deepening the fungus into a partially cracked zone the rock lying under the zone of diamond grains introduction. The zone of theoretical justification of the effectiveness of the profile of the matrix. The above-mentioned patent crown under the abbreviation KSB-3M (HQ) has passed production tests at the helogical facility of the Kazakh company. Rocks are mainly represented by carbonaceous-siliceous metagalium of the XIII - IX and partial X-th category. Drilling was carried out with the use of projectile with removable core receiver. 389 wells were drilled with one experimental crown, and most of the footage falls on the IX–category rock, which indicates the great durability of the tool. The mechanical drilling speed varies from 5.5 to 3.5 m/h depending on the rock quality. It was decided to continue experiments with KSB-3M crowns on other geological sections with harder rocks. Keywords: production tests; multilayer immigrated crown; distribution drilling; high rock resistance.

Facile, time-saving cigarette butt-assisted combustion synthesis of modified CaO-based sorbents for high-temperature CO2 capture

Highly efficient and stable Zr-incorporated CaO-based sorbents were synthesized using a facile, cigarette butt-assisted combustion synthesis (CAC) method. Comparative investigation of CAC method with two common synthesis methods (i.e., wet-mixing, sol–gel) on producing CaO-based sorbents was conducted. The sorbents synthesized by the CAC and sol–gel methods exhibit superior cyclic CO2 capture capability compared to wet-mixing. More importantly, the CAC belongs to impregnated layer solution combustion synthesis and takes markedly shorter time compared to sol–gel, possessing the potential of scaled-up preparation. The optimization of combustion temperature and incorporation ratio of Zr-based support on synthesis of CaO-based sorbents by CAC method was further conducted. The proper combustion temperature selected to synthesize Zr-incorporated CaO-based sorbents using CAC method is 750 °C. Too high or low combustion temperature may result in unsatisfactory pore structure of synthetic CaO-based sorbents because of excessive sintering or generating in-situ CaCO3, respectively. The synthetic CaO-based sorbents with 25 wt% of ZrO2 exhibit the outstanding CO2 capture performance (CaO carbonation conversion of 63.8% after 17 cycles) due to the generation of extensive CaZrO3 grains acting as the inert skeleton. Additionally, the combination of cigarette butt-assisted combustion and graphite-moulding can prepare Zr-incorporated CaO-based pellets with desirable practicality.

SCIENTIFIC FOUNDATIONS OF THE CREATION OF DIAMOND DRILLING TOOLS OF THE RING TYPE

To solve the mentioned problem of accelerated commissioning of minerals occurring in hard rocks, studies have been carried out to formulate the following recommendations for the creation of high-performance diamond bits: - the crown matrix should contain several (five or more) impregnated diamond-bearing layers in height, separated by diamond-free layers of significantly lower hardness (for example, VK-20 hard alloy); - each diamond impregnated layer of the matrix must have a "comb" profile, representing annular wedge-shaped protrusions and depressions; - the impregnated diamond layers of the matrix during drilling should be equally loaded along the radius of the bit, which makes it possible to increase the wear resistance of the tool and reduce the number of rough diamonds for the manufacture of the latter; - to maintain the diameters of the well and the drilled core, the inner and outer side surfaces of the matrix must be equipped with wear-resistant diamond inserts (for example, from tvesala); - to produce a high-quality wear-resistant matrix, small amounts of various components should be added to the composition of the binder of the 94WC + Co + Cu type diamond grains. Recommendations 1-4 are embodied in the design of diamond impregnated crowns, for which the Republic of Kazakhstan has received patents. Crowns have been introduced into production with a significant effect. A diamond crown has been developed and patented, the impregnated layers placed in a matrix on a three-start helical surface with a slight pitch of 0.8 - 1.2 mm. It is expected that with this design, the pre-fracture zone will be involved in the bottom hole destruction process, which lies under the intrusion zone and represents a hard rock broken and weakened by cracks to a depth ten times greater than the intrusion depth of diamond grains. An experimental batch of multilayer crowns with an equally loaded comb profile and placement of impregnated layers on a three-start helical surface was made using software and CNC (numerical control) machines.

Impregnated layer combustion synthesis of co doped ZnO green nanopigments: Using nature-based cellulosic templates

In this research, nanostructured green pigments of ZnO and Co (CoxZn1-xO) were synthesized using impregnated layer combustion synthesis under microwave radiation. Taguchi design of experiments was employed to systematically investigate the influence of variables including the type of fuel, cobalt percentage, fuel to oxidizer ratio and type of template (impregnated active layer) to minimize the average crystallite size of particles. Three different types of fuels such as xylitol, mannitol and sorbitol as well as three templates containing filter paper, cotton and sterile gauze were used for the first time for synthesizing CoxZn1-xO nanopigments. The optimum sample with the average crystallite size of 35 nm was synthesized in specific conditions including mannitol as a fuel, filter paper as a template, cobalt percentage of 7%, fuel to oxidizer ratio of 1.3× stoichiometry. XRD analysis demonstrated that whole samples have followed ZnO pattern representative pure phases in the final structure and well-doped Co2+. FESEM images revealed the homogeneity of the nanoparticles, with average particle size of 90 nm. As a result of colorimetric studies on the optimum sample a broad reflectance band nearby 520 nm demonstrates green region with L* = 58.19, a* = −13.65, C* = 14.35 and h° = 162.07. Results showed that the pigment calcination influences the reflectance intensity effectively (∼40%). Co percentage and template type are the most important factors affecting the final green product colorimetric properties.

Preparation and absorption performance of CNTs/PUR honeycomb composite absorbing material

In this paper, a carbon nanotubes/polyurethane resin (CNTs/PUR) honeycomb composite absorbing material was prepared, and the influence of the content of carbon nanotubes on the absorbing performance of single-layer and double-layer honeycomb composite absorbing materials was investigated. The mechanical properties of single-layer and double-layer materials are discussed. The honeycomb core and carbon nanotubes are compounded together by the impregnation method to form a CNTs/PUR honeycomb composite absorbing material. The microstructure shows that the carbon nanotubes are uniformly dispersed in the water-based polyurethane resin, and the impregnated layer and the honeycomb wall are well combined. The reflectivity of the material shows that as the content of carbon nanotubes increases, the absorption performance of the material first increases and then decreases; when the content of carbon nanotubes is 5.6%, the single-layer honeycomb composite absorbing material has the best absorption performance. The effective absorption bandwidth is 10.6 GHz (2~18GHz), and the maximum absorption strength is -24.5 dB; when the combination mode is 2-4, the double-layer honeycomb composite absorbing material has good absorption performance, and the maximum absorbing strength is -32.2dB, the bandwidth is 13.7GHz (2~18GHz).

Hydrocarbon status of soils in zones of active tectonic faults of Baikal rift

Some parameters of the hydrocarbon status of two soils of the Ulyunkhan depression (North-Western part of the Barguzin depression, Western Transbaikalia) within the Baikal rift system formed under the endogenous effect in the zone of hydrothermal waters active discharge, were studied. Soil samples were analyzed for the organic carbon, total content of hydrocarbons, concentrations of polyсyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds. The preliminary results of the study showed that total content of hydrocarbons in soils varied from 15 to 115 mg/kg and had no common profile distribution and evident correlation with other studied soil properties. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) accumulation was marked within humus horizons and lower impregnated layers with high content of easily soluble salts that do not correspond to the total hydrocarbons amount. Total PAHs concentrations positively tightly correlated with the soil texture parameters (r = 0.89). Several typical features characterizing the HC state in the zone of active discharge of gas-hydrothermal fluids were revealed: increased HC content, the predominance of phenanthrene in the total PAHs, and the presence of a wide range of PAHs, including heavy ones, consisting of 4–6 rings as well as the high benz(a)pyrene concentration that was revealed in the gley alluvial soil.

Robust 3D-trapezoid composite fabric withstanding repeat impact/compression for personal protection

Personal protective material against low-speed impact is highly needed in daily life. 3D-trapezoid composite fabrics with excellent impact resistance were prepared by impregnating and coating a 3D-trapezoid fabric in the spacer layer and the surface layer respectively, using hollow glass microspheres (HGMs) as reinforcement and waterborne polyurethane (WPU) as matrix. HGMs can significantly improve the impact strength of the fabric from 9.87 KJ/m2 to 23.08 KJ/m2. Smaller HGMs contribute greater to the impact strength with the same volume fraction, especially when they were impregnated into the spacer layer instead of the surface layer. The synergistic effect of the HGMs and fabric structure was explored and found that imposed impact energy can be expended by surface absorption, elastic deformation, and transmission to impregnated layer. With optimized structure, the 3D-trapezoid composite fabrics withstand repeat impacts and the impact strength is still 2.17 times higher at the 20th shock. Moreover, high compression strength of 47.23 MPa can also be achieved with an increase of 3.47 times, which is still 3.37 times higher at the 5th cycle. By combination of HGMs and 3D-trapezoid structure, the composite fabric, demonstrating excellent cushioning function and scratchability, can be a potential wearable protective material against low-speed impact.

Application of Electrical Resistivity Techniques for Mapping Bitumen Saturated Zones and Its Geologic Implication over Agbagbu, Southwestern Nigeria

Mapping of bitumen saturated zones in Agbabu, southwestern Nigeria was carried out using electrical resistivity techniques involving 2D resistivity imaging and vertical electrical sounding (VES). The main objective of the research work was to delineate the bitumen saturated zone and their geologic implication(s) especially on the groundwater development over the study area. For the 2D resistivity imaging, a total of four traverses were established in the NE-SW direction with each traverses covering a total distance of between 150m to 160m. Twenty vertical electrical soundings were also carried out with the results showing KQ and HA curve types being predominant. The results of 2D resistivity imaging showed that the underlaying bitumen impregnated layers was overlain by a protective clay layer which has some discontinuities (weak zones) with traverses 1and 4 showing the most vulnerable zones in terms of groundwater pollution while traverses 2 and 3 appears to be less vulnerable. The VES results showed that the bitumen impregnated layers was within the third and fourth layers with resistivities ranged between 86Ωm to 255Ωm and occurring at depths ranged between 1.5m to 6m. The geologic discontinuities across the study area coupled with the shallow depth of occurrence of bitumen might be a drawback to any meaningful groundwater development within the study area.

Impregnated silica-based layers in thin layer chromatography

Impregnated thin-layer chromatography (TLC) layers based on silica gel are presented. Impregnating agents such as metal cations, inorganic ions, chelating agents, chiral selectors, surfactants, ion-pairing reagents, and ionic liquids are discussed. The role of impregnated TLC layers in medicinal chemistry is highlighted. The historical overview of TLC separations on physically coated layers is given and some future prospects ahead of this technique are discussed.

Characterization and Design of Honeycomb Absorbing Materials

Honeycomb absorbing materials are anisotropic structural materials. Depending on the size of honeycomb lattices, the absorbent content of the impregnated layer is different, the thickness of the impregnated layer is different, and the absorbing function of the impregnated honeycomb absorbing materials is also different. For the characterization of electromagnetic parameters of honeycomb absorbing materials, this paper adopts free space method for testing, uses CST software for modeling, and inverts the electromagnetic parameters of honeycomb absorbing structures. The absorbing performance of single-layer and double-layer honeycomb sandwich structures was simulated by RAM Optimizer software. The research shows that the height of the single-layer honeycomb absorbing material is 22mm. When the absorber content is 65%, 75% and 85% respectively, the harmonic peak moves slightly to the low frequency electromagnetic wave with the increase of the absorber content, but the absorbing strength decreases with the increase of the absorber content. For the double-layer honeycomb sandwich structure, the difference of absorber content in the upper and lower honeycomb absorbing materials is smaller, and the absorbing performance is stronger. When the thickness of the wave-transparent panel is thinner, the harmonic peak of the absorbing curve moves slightly to the high frequency.

ExCeL: combining extrusion printing on cellulose scaffolds with lamination to create in vitro biological models

Bioprinting is rapidly developing into a powerful tool in tissue engineering, for both organ printing and the development of in vitro models that can be used in drug discovery, toxicology and in vitro bioreactors. Nevertheless, the ability to create complex 3D culture systems with different types of cells and extracellular matrices integrated with perfusable channels has been a challenge. Here we develop an approach that combines the xurography of a scaffold material (cellulose) with extrusion printing of bioinks onto it, followed by assembly in a layer-by-layer fashion to create complex 3D culture systems that could be used as in vitro models of biological processes. This new method, termed ExCeL, can recapitulate the complexities of natural tissues with a proper 3D distribution of cells, extracellular matrices, and different molecules, while providing the whole structure with mechanical stability, and direct and easy access to the cells, even the ones that are positioned deep in the bulk of the structure, without the need to fix or section the samples. Briefly, the bioprinting of predefined patterns with a feature size of ∼1 mm has been made possible by treating paper with the hydrogel’s crosslinker and printing cell-embedded hydrogel that will solidify immediately upon contact with the paper. These impregnated layers can be used as single layers or in a layer-by-layer approach by stacking them (here up to four layers) for applications such as cell migration and proliferation in 3D structures composed of collagen or alginate. Cells are generally sensitive to the amount of FBS in their culture media and we have shown how FBS amount will effect cell migration. By cutting the paper in certain patterns, printing hydrogel on the remaining parts of it, and stacking the paper in layers, features like embedded channels are formed that will provide cells will better mass transfer in thick structures. This technique provides biologists with a unique tool to perform sophisticated in vitro assays.

Eco-friendly indigo carmine-loaded chitosan coatings for improved anti-corrosion protection of zinc substrates

Chitosan (Chit) coatings were prepared on zinc and glass substrates by dip-coating method. The coatings were impregnated with a non-toxic compound, indigo carmine (IC). The novel, eco-friendly, IC-loaded chitosan coatings were characterized morpho-structurally, and their corrosion protection behavior was investigated using potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy techniques. The surface properties of the coated samples were evaluated by wettability measurements. The thickness of the native chitosan layers and the stability of the impregnated layers in terms of dye release on glass substrates were studied by UV–vis spectrophotometry. The good corrosion inhibiting efficiency of the coatings (>90%) was attributed to the ionic crosslinking of the positively charged Chit with negatively charged IC. The Chit-IC coatings can be successfully used as model systems for chitosan-based coatings incorporating ionic inhibitors and in less demanding applications, such as temporary protective coatings for metals, removable on demand by scrubbing with mild acidic solutions.

Method for determining the thickness of a binder layer at its non-uniform mass transfer inside the channel of a honeycomb filler made from polymeric paper

Sandwich panels with honeycomb filler based on polymer paper "Nomex" is widely used in crucial structures for various purposes. In the process of manufacturing such panels, some factors of the technological process, such as the application of the binder on a honeycomb filler, the temperature modes of drying and polymerization of the applied layer, most significantly affect physical-mechanical characteristics of finished products. A specific factor of production of a honeycomb filler from polymer paper is its multi-stage impregnation with the dressing composition, and then by the binder during the final operations with subsequent drying and heat treatment of the honeycomb units. These operations result into non-uniform heat and mass transfer (migration) of the binder from the central part of the panel to its peripheral end areas. The regularities of this non-uniform heat and mass transfer of the binder along the length of a honeycomb channel were explored. It was shown that these phenomena are conditioned by hydrodynamic motion of the binder, caused by temperature gradient, its density and surface tension coefficient. Based on this, we designed the method for determining the thickness of the binder layer along honeycomb channels at the known (assigned) law of the change in density and surface tension along the length of the cell of a honeycomb filler. The method makes it possible to reduce the non-uniformity of mass transfer by technological means, ensuring the necessary tolerance for physical-mechanical characteristics of honeycomb fillers from polymer paper. The problem of mass transfer enabled deeper revealing the mechanisms of the formation of the non-uniform impregnation layer at the stages of the drying process during the production of a honeycomb filler from polymer paper. Using the obtained mechanisms and technological possibilities of the regulation of characteristics of binders, it is possible to improve the non-uniformity of the layer thickness along the honeycomb channels to the values that ensure the necessary tolerance for physical-mechanical characteristics of a honeycomb filler

Study of Subsurface Layer Treatment During Liquid-Phase Impregnation of CCCM

Impregnation of a two-dimensional reinforced carbon-carbon composite material (CCCM) is studied. The aim of the work is to study impregnation of CCCM pore space with such compounds as MoSi2 and TaSi2. For this purpose liquid-phase impregnation is used by placing plates of Si and Mo on a CCCM surface and holding at 1500°C. The structure of the specimens obtained is studied and it is possible to establish the depth of impregnated layer, and phase and elemental analysis make it possible to establish element distribution over the impregnated layer thickness.