Abstract
To solve the mentioned problem of accelerated commissioning of minerals occurring in hard rocks, studies have been carried out to formulate the following recommendations for the creation of high-performance diamond bits: - the crown matrix should contain several (five or more) impregnated diamond-bearing layers in height, separated by diamond-free layers of significantly lower hardness (for example, VK-20 hard alloy); - each diamond impregnated layer of the matrix must have a "comb" profile, representing annular wedge-shaped protrusions and depressions; - the impregnated diamond layers of the matrix during drilling should be equally loaded along the radius of the bit, which makes it possible to increase the wear resistance of the tool and reduce the number of rough diamonds for the manufacture of the latter; - to maintain the diameters of the well and the drilled core, the inner and outer side surfaces of the matrix must be equipped with wear-resistant diamond inserts (for example, from tvesala); - to produce a high-quality wear-resistant matrix, small amounts of various components should be added to the composition of the binder of the 94WC + Co + Cu type diamond grains. Recommendations 1-4 are embodied in the design of diamond impregnated crowns, for which the Republic of Kazakhstan has received patents. Crowns have been introduced into production with a significant effect. A diamond crown has been developed and patented, the impregnated layers placed in a matrix on a three-start helical surface with a slight pitch of 0.8 - 1.2 mm. It is expected that with this design, the pre-fracture zone will be involved in the bottom hole destruction process, which lies under the intrusion zone and represents a hard rock broken and weakened by cracks to a depth ten times greater than the intrusion depth of diamond grains. An experimental batch of multilayer crowns with an equally loaded comb profile and placement of impregnated layers on a three-start helical surface was made using software and CNC (numerical control) machines.
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