Important Part Of Health Research Articles

Proportion and Factors Associated Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) Risk Among Adults in Sepang: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Sleep is often viewed by the general public as a “perceptual hole in time” where it is the period in which nothing productive occurs. However, sleep is an important part of health which affects mental and physical health. Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) encompasses a range of respiratory disorders that are distinguished by intermittent pauses in breathing during the sleep cycle. This includes obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), a global disease with a rising incidence along with its comorbidity. OSA creates an impact on the quality of life as it is associated with multiple negative implications which include neurocognitive problems and increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. This article illustrates the importance to determine the proportion of patients in the district of Sepang who are at high risk of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and its determinants. Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out among individuals aged 18 years and above in Sepang district Malaysia. Using systematic random sampling, 521 participants were recruited. The questionnaire given gathered respondents information regarding their socio-demography, clinical profiles, and the STOP-BANG questionnaire was used to screen for OSA. Result: Almost a third of the participants (30.3%) were at risk of having OSA. It is found that the predictors for having OSA are menopausal women (AOR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.22, 4.93; p = 0.011) and having large waist circumference measurement (AOR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.04,1.10; p <0.001). Conclusion: The findings in this study will help healthcare workers to detect early patients at risk of OSA with the aid of STOP-BANG questionnaire.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Diabetes Melitus (DM) di Desa Kubah Sentang Kecamatan Pantai Labu

Analyze the risk factors associated with the incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in the village of Kubah Sentang, Pantai Labu subdistrict. This type of research is quantitative descriptive with a cross sectional research design. The sample in this study were all respondents who were diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus. Consists of a case sample of 30 people. The factors associated with the incidence of diabetes mellitus are gender, education and hypertension with the incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in residents in the village of Kubah Sentang, Pantai Labu District. The factors that are not related to the incidence of diabetes mellitus are smoking and obesity which have no association with the incidence of DM in the village of Dome Sentang. Occupational status and physical relationships are factors that can affect the risk of diabetes mellitus in Kubah Sentang Village, Pantai Labu District. Physical activity such as exercise is an important part of health in terms of disease prevention. Exercise habits do not greatly affect the decrease in blood sugar but can increase glucose oxidation which can reduce insulin in people with diabetes mellitus. Good exercise will be useful in regulating blood glucose levels in people with diabetes mellitus which will affect the control of blood sugar levels.

Sexual activity of older adults: let's talk about it

Sexual activity is an important part of health and wellbeing and it correlates with greater enjoyment of life for older adults.1 People do not become asexual with age, although they might modify their sexual activity as a consequence of physiological changes. Given the substantial proportion of the global population over the age of 65 years and the availability of drugs and devices to enhance their sexual function, physicians must be willing and prepared to both initiate discussions with older patients about sexual concerns, and to make sexual health a routine part of general health care for older adults.

The therapeutic effect of Taijiquan combined with acupoint pressing on the treatment of anxiety insomnia in college students: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

IntroductionSleep health is an important part of health and has become a common concern of society. For anxiety insomnia, the commonly used clinical therapies have limitations. Alternative and complementary therapy is gradually rising and showing remarkable effect in clinical practice. This is the first study to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Taijiquan combined with acupoint pressing in the treatment of anxiety insomnia in college students and to compare the difference in intervention before and after sleep, to choose the best treatment time.Methods and analysisThis is a multicenter, single-blind, randomized controlled trial. A total of 126 eligible subjects who have passed the psychological evaluation and met inclusion criteria by completing a psychometric scale will be randomly divided into treatment group A (treat before sleep), treatment group B (treat after sleep) and control group C (waiting list group) in a ratio of 1:1:1. All the three groups will receive regular psychological counseling during the trial, and the treatment groups will practice 24-style Taijiquan and do meridian acupuncture at Baihui (DU20), Shenting (DU24), Yintang (EX-HN3), Shenmen (HT7) and Sanyinjiao (SP6). This RCT includes a 2-week baseline period, a 12-week intervention period, and a 12-week follow-up period. The main results will be measured by changes in the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA). The secondary results will be measured by the generalized anxiety scale (GAD-7) and insomnia severity index (ISI). The safety of the intervention will be evaluated at each assessment. The statistical analysis of data will be carried out by SPSSV.26.0 software.DiscussionWe expect this trial to explore the effectiveness of Taijiquan combined with acupoint pressing in the treatment of anxiety insomnia in college students and choose the best treatment time by comparison.Clinical trial registration[www.ClinicalTrials.gov], identifier [ChiCTR2200057003].

Current Diagnosis and Treatments of Female Sexual Dysfunction

Sexual health is an important part of health. The definition of sexual health is one of the basic rights of all people, men, women, young and old, which includes being in complete physical and emotional well-being, as in the definition of health. Sexual dysfunctions are problems that occur due to psychophysiological changes in the sexual response cycle and sexual desire. Although sexual dysfunctions vary according to societies, they are frequently seen problems that reduce the quality of life of the individual and force the individual. Although the incidence of sexual dysfunctions is increasing day by day, it is an important health problem that is little known and less intervened by health professionals. Sexuality has been recognized as an important and integral part of nursing by organizations covered by the American Nursing Association (ANA). The North American Nursing Diagnosis Association added the diagnosis of sexual dysfunction to the list of nursing diagnoses in 1980. Sexuality is an issue that is considered taboo in our country as well as in most societies and is ignored by health professionals. Sexual dysfunction in women is affected by many factors, and sexual dysfunction in women causes lack of self-confidence, emotional stress and deterioration in personal relationships. Sexual problems are affected by biological and psychological factors. Therefore, they must be considered together. In this review, the current diagnosis and treatment of sexual dysfunctions in women are discussed.

Anxiety and Insomnia Among Urban Slum Dwellers in Bangladesh: The Role of COVID-19 and Its Associated Factors.

Background: Although mental health is an important part of health and wellbeing, very little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of marginalized communities like urban slum dwellers. Our study estimated the prevalence of generalized anxiety disorder and insomnia among the residents of the informal settlements of Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A cross-sectional phone-based survey was conducted from October to November 2020 among adult residents of five informal settlements of Dhaka city randomly chosen from an existing Urban Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems (UHDSS) run by icddr,b. Data on Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) were collected. A multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess the associated factors of anxiety and insomnia.Results: Of the total 586 participants, the prevalence of mild to severe anxiety and insomnia were 53% and 43%, respectively. As per the multinomial regression analysis, participants with mild anxiety were significantly more likely to be older (>50 years) and afraid of COVID-19 infection. Likewise, participants with moderate/severe anxiety were significantly more likely to share less household facilities (e.g., toilet, kitchen, water) (OR: 2.23; 95% CI: 1.31–3.79), to have difficulties in food availability (OR: 2.76; 95% CI: 1.10–6.93), to be afraid of self (OR: 5.27; 95% CI: 2.82–9.88), and to worry about the family members (OR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.23–4.17) getting infected. Participants with mild insomnia were significantly more likely to share fewer household facilities and be afraid of being infected with COVID-19 infection. Moreover, participants with moderate/severe insomnia were significantly more likely to be female (OR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.02–3.56), to receive food aid (OR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.29–0.88), to be afraid of self (OR: 3.85; 95% CI: 1.81–8.19), and to worry about someone like friends or neighbors (OR: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.07–5.58) getting infected with COVID-19.Conclusions: We found elevated prevalence of both anxiety and insomnia among the urban poor of Bangladesh in the context of COVID-19. This indicates the importance of integrating mental health in the mitigation and recovery efforts related to similar crises for the urban poor in the future.

Impact of Long-Standing Diabetes Mellitus on Sexual Function in Upper Egyptian Women

Background: Sexuality is an important part of health, quality of life and general wellbeing. Diabetes has long been considered a major cause of impaired sexual function. Neuropathy, vascular impairment, and psychological complaints have been implicated in the pathogenesis of decreased libido, low arousability, decreased vaginal lubrication, orgasmic dysfunction and dyspareunia among diabetic women.Objective: To investigate sexual dysfunction in diabetic females living at Sohag Governorate.Patients and methods: This case–control hospital-based descriptive study was carried out at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Sohag University Hospitals on two groups; the case (Diabetic) group and the control (Non-diabetic) group. Each group included 100 sexually active nonpregnant women between 20 to 40 years of age. Their sexual function was assessed using Female Sexual Function Index Questionnaire.Results: The rate of feeling sexually aroused, level of sexual aroused, confidence about becoming sexually aroused during sexual life and rate of being satisfied with the arousal during sexual activity were significantly decreased in diabetic group than non-diabetic group. The difficulty of becoming lubricated “wet” during sexual activity and its maintaining until completion of sexual activity were significantly increased in diabetic group than non-diabetic group. The difficulty until reaching orgasm and satisfaction with the ability to reach orgasm were significantly decreased in diabetic group than non-diabetic group. Satisfaction with the amount of emotional closeness, the sexual relationship with the partner and the overall sexual life were significantly decreased in diabetic group than non-diabetic group.Conclusion: The incidence of sexual dysfunction is higher in diabetic women.

Educational Assortative Mating and Health: A Study in Chinese Internal Migrants.

Previous studies have shown that marriage is related with people’s health. Based on data from the Volume A of China Migrants Dynamic Survey (CMDS_A) in 2017 (N = 127,829), this study attempted to document the degree of educational assortative mating in Chinese internal migrants, as well as how it evolves over time, and further analyze the relationship between educational assortative mating and people’s self-rated health (SRH). The results indicated that the proportion of educational homogamy kept increasing and gradient marriage kept decreasing over time both in male and female. “Educational homogamy” (58.8%) and “male more educated” (27.2%) were still the main marital education matching patterns in first-married couples of Chinese internal migrants. Educational homogamy was beneficial to promote people’s SRH and educational hypogamy would impair their SRH, and the negative effects of educational hypogamy on SRH was stronger in female than in male. The gender equality of educational opportunities increases the degree of educational assortative mating in Chinese internal migrants. Educational attainment is playing a more and more important role in “love” marriages. “Likes attract likes” is not just about love, but also an important part of health.

EMPOWERING FEMALES THROUGH FIT INDIA MOVEMENT PROGRAM

Fit India Movement is a nation-wide movement in India to encourage people to remain healthy and fit by including physical activities and sports in their daily lives. It was launched by Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi at Indira Gandhi Stadium in New Delhi on 29 August 2019 (National Sports Day). At present there are significant disparities in the gender distribution in India with a clear preponderance for males. At this juncture the government is taking all steps to improve the scenario. But the fact remains that there are very few initiatives being implemented to make the girl child stronger and healthier. Physical activity is important for everybody, including all teenagers, but especially for girls who are generally less active than boys in the same age. As teens juggle the transition from primary school to high school there are other pressures that come with it: socially, at home, and at school. Issues such as body image, the onset of menstruation, and general feelings of insecurity about the changing body can surface in these years. Physical activity sometimes takes a back seat to other priorities. However, physical activity is an important part of health and wellbeing, and girls should remain active as they grow up. The purpose of the research article is to shed light on the benefits which women and girls gain through participation in sports. The word Empowerment refers to increasing the spiritual, political, social, educational, gender, or economic strength of individuals and communities. Today sports and physical activity as a strategy for the empowerment of girls and women has been gaining recognition worldwide. Women could be empowered through education, sports and physical activities and by giving them equal opportunities in different walks of life. A woman is both Mahamaya and Maha Shakti and holds the key of the world. As Swami Vivekananda wrote that it is very difficult to understand why in this country so much difference is made between men and women, whereas the Vedanta declares that one and the same Conscious self is present in all beings. In short, woman empowerment is the breaking of personal limitations. Sports and Physical Education play important and major role in all these segments of women Empowerment.

A cross-sectional study of obesity and contributing factors among school students (6-16 years)

Background: Nutrition is an important part of health and development. The term “malnutrition” addresses undernutrition and overnutrition, both having their own set of impact on health. Obesity can be seen as the first wave of a defined cluster of non-communicable diseases creating an enormous public health burden in many countries and one of the leading factors of obesity is child’s dietary behavior. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to study the contributing factor of obesity among the schoolchildren of age group of 6–16 years. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three schools of Amritsar selected by simple random method. A list of 6–16 years aged students from each class in these schools was prepared. Students were classified into normal, overweight, and obese as per their body mass index (age and gender). Out of the total 955 overweight and obese students, 355 students were interviewed regarding their dietary habits. After taking the informed consent, the information was collected on a semi-structured, pre-designed questionnaire by interviewing the mothers of students between 6 and 11 years of age and the students of 12–16 years. Results: About 39.7% of the mothers of students were graduates and 51.3% had a family history of obesity. About 87.1% of students of working mothers and 95.3% of students of non-working mothers had a preference for fast foods over home cooked meals. Conclusions: This study concludes that most of the overweight and obese students were in the habit of skipping breakfast on regular basis and had a preference to fast foods. Therefore, the students and their mothers need to be sensitized regarding the problem.

Correlations between α-Linolenic Acid-Improved Multitissue Homeostasis and Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.

Previous studies have shown that α-linolenic acid (ALA) has a significant regulatory effect on related disorders induced by high-fat diets (HFDs), but little is known regarding the correlation between the gut microbiota and disease-related multitissue homeostasis. We systematically investigated the effects of ALA on the body composition, glucose homeostasis, hyperlipidemia, metabolic endotoxemia and systemic inflammation, white adipose tissue (WAT) homeostasis, liver homeostasis, intestinal homeostasis, and gut microbiota of mice fed an HFD (HFD mice). We found that ALA improved HFD-induced multitissue metabolic disorders and gut microbiota disorders to various degrees. Importantly, we established a complex but clear network between the gut microbiota and host parameters. Several specific differential bacteria were significantly associated with improved host parameters. Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Parasutterella were positively correlated with HFD-induced "harmful indicators" and negatively correlated with "beneficial indicators." Intriguingly, Bilophila showed a strong negative correlation with HFD-induced multitissue metabolic disorders and a significant positive correlation with most beneficial indicators, which is different from its previous characterization as a "potentially harmful genus." Turicibacter might be the key beneficial bacterium for ALA-improved metabolic endotoxemia, while Blautia might play an important role in ALA-improved gut barrier integrity and anti-inflammatory effects. The results suggested that the gut microbiota, especially some specific bacteria, played an important role in the process of ALA-improved multitissue homeostasis in HFD mice, and different bacteria might have different divisions of regulation.IMPORTANCE Insufficient intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is an important issue in modern Western-style diets. A large amount of evidence now suggests that a balanced intestinal microecology is considered an important part of health. Our results show that α-linolenic acid administration significantly improved the host metabolic phenotype and gut microbiota of mice fed a high-fat diet, and there was a correlation between the improved gut microbiota and metabolic phenotype. Some specific bacteria may play a unique regulatory role. Here, we have established correlation networks between gut microbiota and multitissue homeostasis, which may provide a new basis for further elucidating the relationship between the gut microbiota and host metabolism.

Communicating with older adults about sexual issues: How are these issues handled by physicians with and without training in human sexuality?

Although sexuality is an important part of health and emotional well-being throughout the entire life cycle, including during old age, little is known about how physicians discuss or approach the topic of sexuality during later life. The present study examined the perspectives of two groups of physicians toward discussing sexuality with older patients: 17 physicians who did not have any training in human sexuality and 21 physicians who were certified as sex therapists. The interviews underwent thematic content analysis to identify and code major themes and patterns. Qualitative analysis of the interviews yielded three main themes: (a) discourse between physicians and older adults regarding sexuality, (b) diagnosing sexual dysfunction among older adults, and (c) treating sexual dysfunction among older adults. Physicians who were not trained in sex therapy did not regularly ask their older patients about sexual functioning and/or problems with sex, tended to diagnose sexual problems from a medical perspective, and offered medication as the main treatment for sexual problems. Physicians trained as sex therapists felt more comfortable discussing sex-related issues with their older patients and diagnosed sexual problems from a medical, social, dyadic and psychological perspective. Although they offered their older patients a greater variety of medication-oriented interventions than those without training in sexuality, they did not rush into such interventions and instead emphasised the importance of the psychological and relational aspects of sex. The present study highlights the importance of human sexuality training for physicians and points out the effects of such training on the discourse, diagnosis and treatment of sexual concerns in later life.

Nurse\u2019s attunement to patient\u2019s meaning in life - a qualitative study of experiences of Dutch adults ageing in place

BackgroundMeaning in life (MiL) is considered to be an important part of health and is associated with many positive outcomes in older adults, such as quality of life and longevity. As health promotors, nurses may take patients’ MiL into account in the care process. There is a knowledge gap in terms of what constitutes good care in relation to older patients’ MiL, and what the benefits may be for patients when nursing is attuned to this aspect. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of home nursing older adults in relation to nurses’ attunement to MiL.MethodsGadamerian hermeneutic phenomenological design with semi-structured interviews. Participants were 24 aged home nursing patients. A framework of care ethical evaluation was used in the analysis. Multiple dialogues enhanced understanding.ResultsPatients did not expect nurses’ regard for their MiL. They rather expected ‘normal contact’ and adequate physical care. Nurses showed that they were open to patients’ MiL by being interested in the patient as a person and by being attentive to specific and hidden needs. Participants explained that the nurse’s behaviour upon arrival set the tone: they knew immediately if there was room for MiL or not. All participants had positive and negative experiences with nurses’ behaviour in relation to MiL. Valued nursing care included maintaining a long, kind and reciprocal relationship; doing what was needed; and skilled personalised care. Participants mentioned ‘special ones’: nurses who attuned to them in a special way and did more than expected. Benefits of care that was attuned to patients’ MiL were: experiencing a cheerful moment, feeling secure, feeling like a valuable person and having a good day. Older adults also stressed that consideration for MiL helps identify what is important in healthcare.ConclusionAged homecare patients value nurses’ attunement to their MiL positively. Although patients regard MiL mostly as their own quest, nurses play a modest yet important role. Managers and educators should support nurses’ investment in reciprocal nurse-patient relationships.

Downregulation of miR-193a-3p is involved in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting CCND1

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second-highest cause of malignancy-related death worldwide, and many physiological and pathological processes, including cancer, are regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs). miR-193a-3p is an anti-oncogene that plays an important part in health and disease biology by interacting with specific targets and signals.MethodsIn vitro assays were performed to explore the influences of miR-193a-3p on the propagation and apoptosis of HCC cells. The sequencing data for HCC were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and the expression levels of miR-193a-3p in HCC and non-HCC tissues were calculated. The differential expression of miR-193a-3p in HCC was presented as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in Stata SE. The impact of miR-193a-3p on the prognoses of HCC patients was determined by survival analysis. The potential targets of miR-193a-3p were then predicted using miRWalk 2.0 and subjected to enrichment analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO) annotation, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis, and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis. The interaction between miR-193a-3p and one predicted target, Cyclin D1 (CCND1), was verified by dual luciferase reporter assays and Pearson correlation analysis.ResultsMiR-193a-3p inhibited the propagation and facilitated the apoptosis of HCC cells in vitro. The pooled SMD indicated that miR-193a-3p had a low level of expression in HCC (SMD: −0.88, 95% CI [−2.36 −0.59]). Also, HCC patients with a higher level of miR-193a-3p expression tended to have a favorable overall survival (OS: HR = 0.7, 95% CI [0.43–1.13], P = 0.14). For the KEGG pathway analysis, the most related pathway was “proteoglycans in cancer”, while the most enriched GO term was “protein binding”. The dual luciferase reporter assays demonstrated the direct interaction between miR-193a-3p and CCND1, and the Pearson correlation analysis suggested that miR-193a-3p was negatively correlated with CCND1 in HCC tissues (R = − 0.154, P = 0.002).ConclusionmiR-193a-3p could suppress proliferation and promote apoptosis by targeting CCND1 in HCC cells. Further, miR-193a-3p can be used as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC in the future.

Parental health in fellowship trainees: Fellows' satisfaction with current policies and interest in innovation.

Background:Parenthood during medical training is common and impacts trainee well-being. However, current graduate medical education parental health policies are often limited in scope. We explored current fellowship trainees’ knowledge of/satisfaction with current policies as well as interest in potential changes/additions to existing policies.Methods:Fellowship program directors/coordinators at a three-site academic institution were surveyed and information was collected from 2015 to 2019 regarding fellow demographics and parental health policies. We distributed an electronic survey to fellows containing Likert-type-scale questions rating knowledge/level of satisfaction with current parental health policies and interest in potential additions/modifications to current policies.Results:Thirty-five of 47 (74%) fellowship programs responded. An average of 11% of female fellows and 15% of male fellows took parental leave during the study period. Three (9%) of the programs had at least one additional parental health policy beyond institutional graduate medical education policies. In the fellow survey, 175 of 609 fellows responded (28.7%), of which 84 (48.6%) were female. Although 89.1% agreed/strongly agreed that parental health is an important part of health and well-being for fellows, only 32% were satisfied/very satisfied with current policies (no significant sex-related differences). Fellows reported the following potential interventions as important/very important: 79.2% increased (paid) maternity leave (72.7% male, 86.7% female, p = 0.02), 78% increased (paid) paternity leave (76.4% male, 81.9% female, p = 0.37), 72.3% part-time return to work (60.2% male, 84.3% female, p = 0.0005), 63% coverage for workup/management of infertility (52.3% male, 74.7% female, p = 0.002), and 79.9% on-site day care (70.7% male, 89.2% female, p = 0.003).Conclusions:Parental health includes multiple domains, not all of which are covered by current policies. Fellows feel that parental health is an important part of overall health and well-being, but most are not satisfied with current policies. Expanded access to parental leave and new policies (part-time return to work, infertility management, and on-site day care) are opportunities for innovation.

Progresses on the quality of life of children with chronic kidney disease

The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is the individual subjective evaluation of disease and treatment on their physical, mental and social health status, and is an important part of health and medical services.Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a kind of diseases that has lasted for more than 3 months of abnormal renal structure or function.It is one of the diseases that seriously affect children′s HRQoL.This article reviews the emergence, development, evaluation tools of children′s HRQoL and its application in the field of nephrology. Key words: Health-related quality of life; Chronic kidney disease; Child

身体活动/体育锻炼的心理健康效益

心理健康是健康的重要组成部分，身体活动/体育锻炼是提升心理健康的重要途径。本文综述了身体活动/体育锻炼对应激、消极情绪、自尊、认知功能及主观幸福感的影响的相关研究。笔者认为，虽然在研究层面上，该领域的研究尚需对剂量反应效应及调节变量等进行深入探讨，但在实践层面上，已有足够证据支持了身体活动/体育锻炼对心理健康的效益。在提升心理健康的实践中，应给予身体活动/体育锻炼以充分的重视。 Mental health is an important part of health. Physical activity or physical exercise is an important approach to improve mental health. This paper reviewed the literature of psychological benefits (e.g. stress, negative emotions, self-esteem, cognitive function and subjective well-being) of physical activity or physical exercise from 2010 to 2016.The authors suggested although the research in this field needs further study on dose-response effect and moderators, there has been enough evidence to support the effectiveness of physical activity or physical exercise on mental health at the practical level. In the practice of mental health promotion, physical activity or physical exercise should be given more attention.

РОЗРОБКА СКЛАДУ ТА ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ КАПСУЛЬОВАНОГО ЛІКАРСЬКОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ НА ОСНОВІ ПЕРГИ ТА МЕДУ ПОРОШКОПОДІБНОГО

У статті наведено результати проведених експериментальних досліджень із вивчення органолептичних та фізико-хімічних показників якості перги та стандартизованої субстанції меду порошкоподібного, що входять до складу досліджуваного лікарського препарату «Апі-Імуно-Віт» імуномодулюючої дії, а також встановлено показники безпеки досліджуваних активних фармацевтичних інгредієнтів (АФі) відповідно до вимог національних та міждержавних стандартів та визначено вміст токсичних елементів, пестицидів, радіонуклідів і антибіотиків в експериментальних зразках.

Quality of Life After Surgery in Candidates of Laparoscopic and Open Cholecystectomy: A Comparison Study

Background: Nowadays quality of life (QOL) is an important part of health and measuring health-related QOL after surgery is necessary for decision-making by patients and surgeons. To assess post cholecystectomy QOL, documentation of high quality care has been subjected to extended discussions, and the use of patient-reported outcome satisfaction for quality improvement has been advocated for several years. Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare quality of life after surgery in candidates of laparoscopic and open cholecystectomy. Patients and Methods: This study was an optional part of a longitudinal study for comparison of quality of life in candidates of laparoscopic (LC) and open cholecystectomy (OC). One hundred consecutive cases of hospitalized patients, aged 20 to 65 years, at two hospitals of Karaj, Iran (Imam Khomeini and Alborz), were recruited in the study from May to December 2011. Patients were divided to two groups based on the order of admission and the surgeons’ and patients’ preference. Patients were evaluated with the medical outcomes study 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36). Quality of life was measured at three points of time (the baseline was two and four weeks after surgery) using this health questionnaire. Differences between baseline time periods of two and four weeks were compared by independent-samples t-test and within groups the time periods were compared by the paired-sample t-test. Results: Two weeks after the operation, in the LC group, the QOL scores decreased significantly in physical functioning, physical status, body pain and emotional status (for all of them P ≤ 0.01), whereas, in the OC group all the aspect of QOL decreased (for all of them P < 0.01), with the exception of body pain (P = 0.982) and social functioning (P = 0.502). Four weeks after the operation, the QOL scores of the LC group, in every aspect increased and became significantly higher than the preoperative baseline (P < 0.001 for all parameters); while in the OC group only in the aspects of body pain (P < 0.001), general health (P = 0.003), and social functioning (P < 0.001) exceeded the preoperative level. Between-group analysis indicated that the LC group had significantly better outcome scores after four weeks compared to the OC group, in all aspects (P < 0.05 for all of them) with the exception of general health (P = 0.052). The results of the repeated measures analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups during the three follow-up periods in the aspect of physical status (P = 0.008), vitality (P = 0.015), general health (P = 0.048) and emotional status (P = 0.003). Conclusions: Quality of life is an important factor affecting medical and surgical treatment, as well as decision-making. Improvement of short-term quality of life after laparoscopic cholecystectomy in comparison to open cholecystectomy proves the obvious superiority of LC over OC.

‘Fitness for princess’—a study to improve physical fitness among school going children in western India

Background: At present there are significant disparities in the gender distribution in India with a clear preponderance for males. At this juncture the government is taking all steps to improve the scenario. But the fact remains that there are very few initiatives being implemented to make the girl child stronger and healthier. Physical activity is important for everybody, including all teenagers, but especially for girlswhoare generally less active than boys the same age. As teens juggle the transition from primary school to high school there are other pressures that come with it – socially, at home, and at school. Issues such as body image, the onset of menstruation, and general feelings of insecurity about the changing body can surface in these years. Physical activity sometimes takes a back seat to other priorities. However, physical activity is an important part of health and well being, and girls should remain active as they grow up. Purpose: This project is a part of a broader initiative aiming at developing physical fitness among school going girls of Vallabh Vidyanagar and Anand. Methods: 103 participants in the age group of 11 to 13 years were selected from Anandalaya School, SSR Vidya Mandir, St. Mary’s School, GJ Sharda School and recruited for the study. Consentwas taken from the parents before commencing the intervention. The participants were screened for any cardiac, pulmonary or orthopaedic problems and then recruited in the study. Outcome measures included Rockport one mile walk test and Vo2 max. Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents was administered to know the baseline physical activity level of participants. Participants were assessed prior to intervention. Structured exercise program was administered for one month. The tailor made intervention program included jogging, skipping, DBE and suryanamaskar was executed by physical training teachers at the school. Participants were asked to play any outdoor sports of their choice for a minimum of 30minutes. Checklist for the exercise program for each student was maintained to check the adherence. Participants were re-assessed after the completion of intervention. Results: Paired ‘t’ test was used to analyze the data. Significant improvement was shown in terms of Vo2max and duration taken to complete Rockport one mile walk test. Conclusion(s):Structured exercise program improved the physical fitness among the girl children. Implications: The benefits of regularly participating in sports and physical activity is unequivocal.