Important Aspects Of Production Research Articles

Plastic-film-side seeding, as an alternative to traditional film mulching, improves yield stability and income in maize production in semi-arid regions

Planting under plastic-film mulches is widely used in spring maize production in arid-cold regions for water conservation and warming the soil. To ameliorate the associated issues such as plastic-film residues and additional labor during the “seedling release” in spring maize production, we have developed a plastic-film-side seeding (PSS) technology with the supporting machinery. In the semi-arid regions of Northwest China, a 7-year trial demonstrated that PSS increased plant number per hectare by 6 547 and maize yield by 1 686 kg ha–1 compared with the traditional method of seeding under plastic-film mulch (PM). Two-year experiments were conducted in two semi-arid regions to further understand the effects of PSS on three important aspects of production: (i) the moisture and temperature of soil, (ii) maize development, yield output, and water use efficiency (WUE), and (iii) the revenue and plastic-film residuals in comparison with that of flat planting (CK) and PM. Continuous monitoring of the soil status demonstrated that, compared with CK, the PSS treatment significantly increased the temperature and moisture of the 0–20 cm soil in the seeding row at the early stage of maize development, and it also promoted grain yield (at 884–1 089 kg ha–1) and WUE, achieving a similar effect as the PM treatment. Economically, the labor inputs of PSS were equal to CK, whereas the PM cost an additional 960 CNY ha–1 in labor for releasing the seedlings from below the film. Overall, the PSS system increased profits by 5.83% (547 CNY ha–1 yr–1) and 8.16% (748 CNY ha–1 yr–1) compared with CK and PM, respectively. Environmentally, PSS achieved a residual film recovery rate of nearly 100% and eliminated 96 to 130 kg ha–1 of residual plastic-film in PM in 3–5 years of maize production. Collectively, these results show that PSS is an eco-friendly technique for improving yield stability and incomes for the sustainable production of maize in semi-arid regions.

Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis Using Smart Company and Hotel Aspect Review Data

Digital sources such as smart applications opinions and online feedback statistics are crucial resources to be seeking for customers’ remarks and input. However, the reviews are often disorganized, leading to difficulties in information navigation and knowledge acquisition. The aforementioned problem is overcome by generating aspect-sentiment based embedding for the hotels and companies by looking into reliable reviews of them. The important product aspects are identified based on two observations: 1) the important aspects are usually commented on by a large number of consumers and 2) consumer opinions on the important aspects greatly influence their overall opinions. Aspect frequency and the influence of consumer opinions given to each aspect over their overall opinions are identified for hotel reviews whereas for company reviews approach adopts language processing techniques, policies, and lexicons to address several sentiment evaluation challenges, and convey summarized results. Moreover, aspect ranking achieve significant performance improvements, which demonstrate the capacity of aspect ranking in facilitating real-world applications.

Producción local y efectividad comercial en Ecuador

Este artículo de investigación tiene el objetivo de determinar e identificar el impacto que tiene la Producción local en Ecuador en cuanto a la efectividad de esta en el comercio, se desarrolló un estudio investigativo, destinado a enfocarse a aquello que permite tener aquel desarrollo económico que el país busca, cuya investigación se basó en obtener aquellas cifras y datos estadísticos, que permita la comprensión e identificación de los aspectos más importantes que trae consigo la producción en el ámbito local en comparación con años anteriores, como resultados se obtuvieron cifras y datos referentes a un producto en específico en donde se le realizo una comparación, para saber cuál es la variación existente de un año a otro, de lo cual se pudo determinar que la producción en el país es algo que cambia con el tiempo y esta afecta proporcionalmente a la efectividad en el comercio. Palabras claves: producción; desarrollo; empresa; tiempo.

DIY in Devon (Exeter and Plymouth)

Abstract Regional cities are usually not widely known for their music scenes and live music spaces. In the historical context of DIY music scenes and youth cultures, communities are bounded by larger metropolitan areas and cities. However, this scene report will analyse a series of thoughts and interviews in discussing some of the important aspects of production in smaller DIY music scenes. This case study focuses on the medium-sized cities of Exeter and Plymouth in Devon, in the southwest of England. In examining some of the cultural identities, challenges and expressions of self-organization from labels, magazines and musicians, it reveals how alternative micro-scenes are forged through DIY practices within smaller communities.

Multi-site integrated production and distribution planning: a multi-objective approach

To compete in this globalised market, enterprises should focus on optimising and integrating production and distribution functions simultaneously. This study deals with the problem of integrated production and distribution planning in multi-site manufacturing environment. A multi-objective mixed integer programming model is formulated considering three important aspects of production and distribution planning; capacity of heterogeneous transportation, setup and backordering. Three conflicting objectives that need to be minimised are total cost, delivery time and backorder level. To solve the proposed multi-objective mathematical model, preemptive goal programming approach is implemented. A real world case example of an automobile industry is considered to demonstrate analytical results of the proposed approach. Further analysis is conducted to visualise effect of changing priority level on objective functions and deviation variables. The results demonstrate flexibility of decision maker by adjusting priorities of objective functions according to importance and aspiration level with respect to desired target values.

A Survey on Product Aspect RankingTechniques

Huge collections of consumer reviews are available on the Web expressing various opinions on multiple aspects of products .The important reviews are mostly not organized properly thereby creating problems in information navigation and knowledge acquisition. To address this problem, product aspect ranking framework is explored to automatically identify important product aspects or features from online consumer reviews.The important product aspects are identified based on two observations: i) the important aspects are usually commented on by a large number of consumers and ii) consumer opinions on the important aspects greatly influence their overall opinions on the product. The framework contains three main mechanisms, i.e., aspect sentiment classification, product aspect identification, and probabilistic aspect ranking algorithm. A probabilistic aspect ranking algorithm to infer the importance of aspects by simultaneously considering aspect frequency and the influence of consumer opinions given to each aspect over their overall opinions. The framework which aims at improving the usability of consumer reviews of a product. This paper provides the description of various techniques for product aspect identification and classification.

PRODUCT ASPECT RANKING USING DOMAIN DEPENDENT AND DOMAIN INDEPENDENT REVIEW

In today’s world, internet is the main source of information. There are many blogs and forum sites available where people discuss on different issues and also almost all ecommerce website provide facility to the users to express opinion about their product and services which is important information available on the internet .The problem with this information is that this reviews are mostly not organized therefore creating difficulty for knowledge acquisition. There are many solution exist to resolve this problem but the available existing methods depends on extracting product aspect only considering single domain relevant review corpus. To address this problem, a method is explored to identify product aspect from online review is by taking into account the difference in aspect statistical characteristic across different corpus. This paper shows need of automatically identifying important product aspects from available online customer review and an approach of aspect ranking. This paper also shows the related work on this domain. Our methodology confirmed product aspect which are less nonspecific in domain independent corpus and more domain specific. Then customer opinion expressed on these aspects is determined using sentiment classifier and finally ranking of product aspect is calculated using it’s ranking relevance score of each aspect .

Product Aspect Ranking and Its Applications

Numerous consumer reviews of products are now available on the Internet. Consumer reviews contain rich and valuable knowledge for both firms and users. However, the reviews are often disorganized, leading to difficulties in information navigation and knowledge acquisition. This article proposes a product aspect ranking framework, which automatically identifies the important aspects of products from online consumer reviews, aiming at improving the usability of the numerous reviews. The important product aspects are identified based on two observations: 1) the important aspects are usually commented on by a large number of consumers and 2) consumer opinions on the important aspects greatly influence their overall opinions on the product. In particular, given the consumer reviews of a product, we first identify product aspects by a shallow dependency parser and determine consumer opinions on these aspects via a sentiment classifier. We then develop a probabilistic aspect ranking algorithm to infer the importance of aspects by simultaneously considering aspect frequency and the influence of consumer opinions given to each aspect over their overall opinions. The experimental results on a review corpus of 21 popular products in eight domains demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Moreover, we apply product aspect ranking to two real-world applications, i.e., document-level sentiment classification and extractive review summarization, and achieve significant performance improvements, which demonstrate the capacity of product aspect ranking in facilitating real-world applications.

Advanced Trajectory Planning for Production Energy Estimation

This paper is based on a current research project and describes advanced trajectory planning methods which aim to contribute to the estimation of the energy consumption in the production of goods. The energy a product requires during its operation is the object of many activities in research and development nowadays. However, the energy necessary for the production of goods is very often not analyzed in so much detail. The energy consumption in a product production and disposal is determined very early in its development process by designers and engineers, for example by selection of raw materials, explicit and implicit requirements concerning the manufacturing and assembly processes or by decisions concerning the product architecture. Today, developers and engineers dispose of manifold design and simulation tools which can help to predict the energy consumption during a product operation relatively accurately. In contrast, tools with the objective to predict the energy consumption in production and disposal are unavailable, apart from the first material databases such as Eco Materials Adviser in Autodesk. Transportation processes are the important aspects of production. Product components and unfinished products have to be transported from the receipt of goods to stock and then to the manufacturing or assembling station during all phases of the manufacturing and assembling processes. The energy consumption estimation of these logistic process is only possible if probable and sensible routes of movements are used as a basis. This paper aims to present an approach to apply trajectory planning methods in order to develop such routes and consequently to be able to estimate the energy consumption.

Fast and simple method for determination of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in biodiesel blends using X-ray spectrometry

The determination of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in diesel fuel blends is an important aspect of production and blending process as well as quality control of distribution operations. In this study, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDXRF) is used for the first time for determination of FAME in biodiesel blends. The principle of the method is based on intensity difference of X-ray radiation scattered from hydrocarbons and from FAME. The experiment shows that coherent and incoherent radiation, commonly applied for evaluation of the average atomic number of the sample with light matrix, cannot be applied for FAME determination. However, the application of scattered continuous radiation gives excellent correlation between FAME concentration and intensity of scattered radiation. The best results are obtained if continuum is collected in the range of energy between 10.5 and 15.0keV for rhodium X-ray tube, operated at 35kV. Linear relationship between the FAME concentration and the inverse of scattered continuous radiation is obtained with the correlation coefficients of 0.999. Standard deviation of measurement is ca. 0.46% (v/v) of FAME and detection limit is 1.2% (v/v) for 600s counting time and 50% dead-time loss using Si-PIN detector. The investigation shows that crucial issue in determination of FAME in biodiesel blends using EDXRF spectrometer is the precision of measurements resulting from the counting statistics. Therefore, much better results (0.20% (v/v) standard deviation and 0.52% (v/v) detection limit) can be expected if higher intensity of primary radiation is applied and X-ray spectrum is collected by silicon drift detector of high input count rate. For concentration of FAME from 10 to 100% (v/v), the differences between reference method (Fourier transform infrared spectrometry) and the proposed method usually do not exceed 1% (v/v) of FAME. The proposed method is fast, simple and enables FAME determination in wide range of concentration up to 100% of FAME without any sample treatment.

Japanese And Western Management Approaches: Is Convergence Occurring?

Japans rapid economic growth in the 1970s and 1980s, and the success of a number of Japanese factories overseas, led to great interest in the Japanese managerial system and some specific techniques used by Japanese companies. A plethora of books and articles were written about the value of (or threat from) Japanese business-government cooperation, the Japanese employment system and management-labor cooperation, the avoidance of excessive competition, the wide use of long-term relationships and planning, and the emphasis on growth rather than short-term profits. There was also much written about specific Japanese techniques including the use of quality circles, continuous improvement, total quality management, flexible production, and just-in-time and lean production. Many European, Canadian, and U.S. companies adopted some of the most widely publicized Japanese techniques, often in substantially modified form. Important aspects of production and logistics were revolutionized. Some companies also used modified Japanese approaches in attempting to improve management-labor relations.In Japan, the economic problems from the 1990s to the present, and the success of some foreign firms, led to increased interest in Western management approaches. There was growing concern that the traditional Japanese ways of doing business were inadequate to cope with the changing international and domestic environments. During the past decade, there has been wide discussion in the business press of the need for adopting selected Western methods. A number of Japanese companies have announced that they are changing their traditional employment practices, and mergers and acquisitions have become increasingly common. It thus might appear that Japanese and Western managerial philosophy and approaches are converging.While Japan and the West have each benefited substantially from the adoption of ideas and techniques from the other, basic differences remain in the values, beliefs, and objectives of business, government, and society. In this paper, these differences are discussed, and the degree of convergence is seen to be limited more to techniques than to the basic assumptions, objectives, and strategies that drive business.

Monte Carlo simulation as a tool to predict blasting fragmentation based on the Kuz–Ram model

Rock fragmentation is considered the most important aspect of production blasting because of its direct effects on the costs of drilling and blasting and on the economics of the subsequent operations of loading, hauling and crushing. Over the past three decades, significant progress has been made in the development of new technologies for blasting applications. These technologies include increasingly sophisticated computer models for blast design and blast performance prediction. Rock fragmentation depends on many variables such as rock mass properties, site geology, in situ fracturing and blasting parameters and as such has no complete theoretical solution for its prediction. However, empirical models for the estimation of size distribution of rock fragments have been developed. In this study, a blast fragmentation Monte Carlo-based simulator, based on the Kuz–Ram fragmentation model, has been developed to predict the entire fragmentation size distribution, taking into account intact and joints rock properties, the type and properties of explosives and the drilling pattern. Results produced by this simulator were quite favorable when compared with real fragmentation data obtained from a blast quarry. It is anticipated that the use of Monte Carlo simulation will increase our understanding of the effects of rock mass and explosive properties on the rock fragmentation by blasting, as well as increase our confidence in these empirical models. This understanding will translate into improvements in blasting operations, its corresponding costs and the overall economics of open pit mines and rock quarries.

A case study: a network system for knowledge amplification in the product development process

Future product development is expected to evolve from the current stage, where the final commercial product is most important aspect of production, to the stage where the knowledge required for product development is of greatest significance. This study aims to construct an engineering management information system applicable to this new age of knowledge. Approaches are formulated from the standpoint of knowledge amplification in the engineering process. First, Sony's current product development process which is based on event management, product planning, and the subsequent design processes are analyzed to clarify the sequence of knowledge amplification. Then the sequence of knowledge amplification of individual engineers and that of the organization groups are analyzed, and a new network system supporting the product development process is proposed.

Toward a General Model of Fishery Production

Traditionally, analysis of fishery production has been a domain of the biologist and a branch of population dynamics. During the past two decades or so, economists have tried to integrate production economics with fishery biology, but the resulting economic theory of the fisheries, while recognizing the biological relationships, has neglected a deeper treatment of production economics. Thus, despite its usefulness and wide acceptance, the received theory suffers from certain substantive problems from the point of view of general applicability. First, some of the most important aspects of production cannot be analyzed within the conventional single-input model. Second, there is a practical difficulty in the measurement of the single input, independently and/or in connection with the index number problem. Third, there is an emphasis on the biological aspect of fishery resource, especially stock externality, to the exclusion of the spatial distribution of fishing effort; consequently, the crowding externality does not receive sufficient attention. We will develop a general analytical framework in which the theory of production and population dynamics are integrated into a fishery production model. In a twofactor input model, resource stock externality is explained by the population dynamics, while crowding externality is explained by analyzing the size distribution of inputs. A concept of nonhomogeneous input is introduced to analyze the relations between externalities, the size distribution, and production. In the remainder of this section we briefly set forth the accepted theory of fishery production. Section 2 provides a theoretical background for the general model; this is followed by an introduction and elaboration of the theory of nonhomogeneous input and production. It will be seen, in this process, that size distribution analysis of factor input is an important catalyst. Section 4 presents our general fishery production function (GFPF) which, we believe, is applicable to most fisheries.